Space research sector in
Poland: cooperation with ESA
and aviation and IT sectors
Mirosław Denis
Space Research Centre
History
• Polish Astronautical Society, 1954
• COSPAR Assembly in Poland, 1963, 2000; IAF - 1964
• First rocket experiment, Vertical, 1972
• First satellite experiment, Interkosmos, 1973
• Center for image processing, OPOLIS, 1976
• Space Research Centre, 1977
• Polish astronaut, gen. Hermaszewski, 1978
• First experiment on ESA mission, Huygens, 1991+
• PECS, 2008; ESA membership, 2012
• First cubsat, 2012
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Main achievements
• More than 70 instruments in space
• Five fields of experimenting: X-ray solar spectrometry,
plasma and radio science, subsurface investigations,
visual & infrared spectrometers, astrophysics
• Satellite subsystems: power supply & antennas, software
• Participation in missions launched: Vega, CassiniHuygens, Intergral, Mars-Express, Venus-Express,
Herschel, Rosetta, Demeter, Koronas-F, IBEX
• Applications: navigation – time transfer systems (GPS,
Galileo), Earth Observations – geoland2, G-MOSAIC,
telecommunication – ionospheric & tropospheric effects
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Examples: science
Deep Space
Block/Unblock Systems
Scanner
Interferometer
Temp.
Optics
Gain
Controls
Zero
Cross
Detector
Sample
Trigger
Moving
Black
Body
Calibration Lamp
Low Pass
Filters
Mirror
Temp.
Motion control
High
accuracy
A/D
Converters
Main Controller of Fourier Spectrometer
Power Supply
Unit
HouseKeeping
System
Primary
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HPC
Power
Satellite’s HK
On-Board
Commands
On-Board
Telemetry
Mass Memory
Innovation
Clusters,
Rzeszów
Satellite’s
Main Computer
(OBDH)
Digital Signal
Processor
4
Examples: hardware
simulator #1 used in JPL
First prototype
tested in JPL
Vector Digital Receiver: Left:
3x40MHz,12bit
A/D,and
TMS320C50
Electrons
Ions Energy Analyser TICS
• Space Research(cooperation
Centrewith Swedish
Middle:
Neutral
Particles
Energy Analyser MATE
Space
Research
Institute)
LPF
2001
Both
instruments designed in cooperation with
2003
Swedish colleagues and launched on Swedish
Glue Logic
Internal data
2005
national satelliteLPFFREJA
&
bus
• Warsaw Technical University: PW-Sat
simplified EM used in MPIfR
simulator #2 used in JPL
• Wrocław Technical
University: antennas
for
Bus
InternalColumbus
Power Control
I/F
• Institute
of Aviation
MUX
DSP
Duplicate of QM used in
data bus
LPF
MPIfR
3 x E-component
LPF
analogue
outputs
2001
2003
RAM
(TM buffer)
3 x B-component
Config. & Program
ROM
LPF
control
CPU
HKsimulator used in COM DEV
(FPGA - MicroBlaze)
Memory
buffer
LPF
TM & TC
I/F
TM
2004
DSP
TC
LPF
plus
Glue Logic (FPGA)
Internal data
bus
Control Unit: 32bit RISC processor
in XILNIX
Spartan-2
Pointing Unitimplemented
plus Calibration
System
Scanner plus Calibration System
family
FPGA,
2MB
RAM,
4Mbit
Polish
technical
participation in Solar
planned
for MERTIS/BeppiColombo
delivered for PFS/MEX (3.5kg), red Wave Recorder:
PROM
contains FPGA config. and
(200g)
2002
Orbiter
Telescope
/ Imager
for X-Ray:
AFE : 6/3 and 6/2 MUXes 182x40MHz,12bit A/D, DSP
RISC code
foil not removed from external gold
pole elliptical
LPF
(18MHz) ASPERA-C
Mars Express
Particles
Analyzer
implemented
2MBComplex of 4 plasma diagnostics
2003/4in FPGA,
APEX
surface
System
Engineering, Thermal Modeling,
RAM Rzeszówinstruments and sensors
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(cooperation with Swedish colleagues)
IDPU, EGSE.
full EM used in SRON
QM delivered to Astrium
FM in 2006,
FS in 2007
FM & FS
in 2006-2007
Examples: applications
• Institute of Geodesy and Cartography: Earth Observations
• Space Research Centre
• University of Warmia & Mazury: TECs from GPS
• Poznań University: SSA – orbits of space debris
Pi-of-the-sky
at method,
INTA, source
The example of change
detection
appliedCFT
over the part of Warsaw.
Left – Ikonos 2002 image, centre – Ikonos 2008 image. Right – change in land cover between
2002 and 2008.
CLC 2000, IGiK
Włochy
Polska
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Current capacity of research
sector
• 400 persons: scientists and engineers (SRC – 150)
• 5-6 institutes of PAS, >10 technical universities and
universities, about 10 R&D institutes
• Geographical coverage: Warsaw (50%), Kraków (15%),
Wrocław, Poznań, Toruń, Olsztyn, other cities
• Aeronautics and cosmonautics as field of studies at TUs;
satellite and space engineering as a future discipline
• Technology and expertise to built a 50-kg satellite
• Strong position in instruments; consolidation of application
sector
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Current activities
• Participation in BepiColombo, Lunar-Resurs, Solar
Orbiter, Taranis, Resonans, Juice (2 teams), ECHO,
MarcoPolo, LOFT
• 2 Polish scientific nanosatellites (Lem & Heweliusz) to be
launched in 2013, 2014
• Cooperation with DLR on 2 student satellites: formation
flying
• More than 40 projects in 7th FP „Space”
• Projects from the last call of PECS to be initiated soon
• „Astronomy and space” group in National Agency for
Science => funding of fundamental space science
• Space in 3 of 7 strategic areas of R&D in Poland
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How to find our way after the
accession to ESA
• Research sector is not the main partner of ESA, it is industry
• The tranisition period (5 years) is dedicated to build Polish
space industry
• The most of space expertize and qualified staff is in the
research sector (>700 person-years in SRC)
• Space research sector in Poland acts, in part, as industry
(several solutions with TRL>6)
hence
• It will be the task of all involved actors (ESA, ME, …) to
make in 5 years the transition from research-oriented to
industry-dominated space sector
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Challenges
• Investment in infrastructure: costly and requires good plan,
should be concentrated
• Investment in people: courses organised by ESA, space
faculties at TUs, practices in research institutes
• Development of industry: (i) involvement of defense and
aeronautics sectors, (ii) daughter companies from ESA
member states, (iii) existing SMEs & spin-offs from research
• National program should be established as a complementary
tool to ESA projects/tenders
• Space agency should be established to coordinate activities
of the space sector
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Future plans
• Research:
– remaining strong in building instruments
– leadership in 2-3 space fields in Europe (e.g. high
energy astrophysics, subsurface science)
– extending activity to new fields in ESA (e.g. space
robotics, formation flying, EO data fusion and
automatic processing)
• Industry:
– more than 300 employees in 2017
– at least 75% share in ESA contracts (25% research)
– 90% geographical return level reached
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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