The Effect of Substrate Concentration on the Rate of
Activity of the Enzyme Catalase
by Lillian Bonar
Essay: The Effect of Substrate Concentration on the Rate of Activity of the Enzyme Catalase
Pages: 11
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The Effect of Substrate Concentration on the Rate of Activity of the Enzyme Catalase
Background Information:
Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the speed of chemical
reactions without undergoing any physical change. They are neither
used up in the reaction nor do they appear as reaction products. All
enzyme catalysed reactions are reversible.
Enzymes effectively lower the amount of activation energy required for
chemical reactions to start. Some enzymes weaken covalent bonds within
the substrate molecule, whereas in other cases this lowering of the
activation energy seems to take place because the enzyme holds the
substrate molecules in a particular position that increases the
likelihood that the molecules are going to react. The graph below
shows how the activation energy is lowered when enzymes are present,
The enzyme and substrate form an enzyme-substrate complex (Savante
Arrhenius 1888 Swedish scientist). One theory of this is the lock and
key hypothesis. According to this hypothesis the enzyme molecule can
only bind with a substrate with a complementary shape to fit its
active site, like a lock and a key.
However, another theory of how the enzyme-substrate complex binds
together is the induced fit hypothesis (Koshland). This hypothesis
However, another theory of how the enzyme-substrate complex binds
together is the induced fit hypothesis (Koshland). This hypothesis
suggests that some enzymes undergo small modifications to the active
site when they form a complex with the substrate.
Within cells, hundreds of reactions occur all the time, however they
don't happen at room temperature, as it is too cool, if they do, then
it is a very slow reaction. Which is why enzymes are so important. The
human body is still quite cool for reactions t...
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