The Progressive Era
1890-1920
The Progressive Era 1890-1920
Roosevelt and Progressivism
Terms and Names:
1. progressivism
2. muckrakers
3. direct primary
4. initiative
5. referendum
6. recall
7. Sherman Antitrust Act
8. Theodore Roosevelt
Bell work #1
On page xxx of your ISN, match the headline with the correct
type of journalism
I. What was progressivism? And how did it rise?
A. Progressivism was a reform movement that
focused on a multitude of urban problems and
had three main goals:
1. reform government and
expand democracy
2. promote social welfare
3. create economic reform
B. Muckrakers began to investigate and write
about a variety of society’s ills in the hopes
of inspiring others to solve these
problems
II. How was government reformed? And how
did democracy expand?
A. In order to stop patronage-the practice of
giving away government jobs and contracts
for political support- Congress passed the
Pendleton Civil Service Act
B. Several changes to politics gave citizens
more control over their government:
1. Direct primaries gave voters,
rather than party conventions, the
power to choose candidates to run
for political office.
2. Initiatives allowed voters to
propose laws directly
3. Referendums submit proposed
laws to the vote of the people
4. Recalls allowed the people to
vote an official out of office
Bell Work #2
On page 206 of your ISN, answer the following
question: What is the artist’s thesis or opinion about
alcohol? Provide evidence to support your response.
III. Who promoted social welfare?
A. Jane Addams provided services to the
poor, including assistance with unemployment
B. Florence Kelley pushed for minimum wage
laws and limits on women’s working hours
C. Prohibitionists fought to stop alcohol from
ruining people’s lives
III. Who promoted social welfare?
A. Jane Addams provided services to the
poor, including assistance with unemployment
B. Florence Kelley pushed for minimum wage
laws and limits on women’s working hours
C. Prohibitionists fought to stop alcohol from
ruining people’s lives
Bell Work #3
On page xxx of your ISN, answer the following
question: Why were monopolies bad/harmful to
the economy? Think about the game Monopoly,
how do you win, and why would that not be
helpful to real life?
IV. How was the economic reform created?
A. This goal focused on limiting the power
of big business and regulating its activities
1. Sherman Antitrust Act made
it illegal for corporations to
control an industry by forming
trusts
V. Who was Theodore Roosevelt? And what was
the Square Deal?
A. When President McKinley was
assassinated in 1901, 42 year old
Roosevelt became the first
progressive president
B. He saw government as an “umpire”
whose job it was to ensure fairness or a
“Square Deal” for workers, consumers
and big business
1. He was the first to enforce the
Sherman Antitrust Act
Bell Work #4
On page xxx of your ISN, explain the following
quote:
“What we are doing to the forests of the world
is but a mirror reflection of what we are doing to
ourselves and to one another.”
― Chris Maser, Forest Primeval: The Natural History of an
Ancient Forest
VI. What progressive reforms did Roosevelt
lead?
A. After reading Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle,
Roosevelt reformed the meat packing
industry
1. the Meat Inspection Act
2. the Pure Food and Drug Act
B. However, he did nothing to
address the segregation,
discrimination and violence
being experienced by African
Americans
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TcuTvvpLzok
VII. What was conservation?
A. Conservation was controlling how
America’s natural resources are to be used.
B. Roosevelt worked to preserve more than
200 million acres of public lands, such as
Florida’s Pelican Island, California’s Yosemite
Valley, and Arizona’s Grand Canyon
The Progressive Era 1890-1920
Taft and Wilson as Progressives
Terms and Names:
1. William Howard Taft
2. Sixteenth Amendment
3. Seventeenth Amendment
4. Clayton Antitrust Act
5. Federal Reserve Act
Bell Work #5
On page xxx of your ISN, answer the following
question: How does the Government pay for
federal highways, the US military and federal
prisons?
I. Who was Taft and why was he considered
A. William Howard Taft, a republican,
progressive?
was Theodore Roosevelt’s hand
picked successor.
B. He aggressively pursued
progressive reforms
1. He filed twice as many
antitrust lawsuits as Roosevelt
(Taft gets little credit because
he allied himself with
conservative Republicans
instead of progressive
Republicans)
2. He helped to pass the 16th
and 17th Amendments
II. What were the first two progressive
amendments?
A. 16th Amendment
(1913) allows the
government to collect
income taxes from
individual citizens
B. 17th Amendment
(1913) gave citizens the
power to directly elect
senators to Congress
Bell Work # 6
On page xxx of your ISN, answer the following
question: As a consumer, what interaction do you have
with the American banking system?
III. Who won the election of 1912?
A. Taft lost the election to Democrat
Woodrow Wilson because Republicans
were split between conservatives and
progressives
IV. What happened during the Wilson
presidency?
A. Wilson, a Democrat, was also a progressive president
1. He passed the Clayton Antitrust Act. It
supported labor in three ways:
a. labor unions and farm organizations
are allowed to merge and expand
b. courts are not allowed to force
workers to end strikes
c. legalized strikes, picketing and
boycotts
2. He also passed the Federal Reserve Act which
improved the nation’s monetary and banking system
V. What did the Eighteenth Amendment state?
A. Hoping to reduce
poverty, progressive
reformers make it illegal to
manufacture, sell or
consume alcohol in 1919
The Progressive Era 1890-1920
Women Win New Rights
Terms and Names:
1. Susan B. Anthony
2. Carrie Chapman Catt
3. Nineteenth Amendment
Bell Work # 7
On page xxx of your ISN, explain what is going
on in this political cartoon.
I. What were some of the new roles for women?
A. As domesticity became less of a chore for
middle class women, they began to look for
new roles outside of the home
1. some took on jobs
as operators, clerks
and typists in offices
and factories
2. others attended
college and went into
teaching and nursing
Switch Board Operators
II. Who were the women progressives and how
were they progressive?
A. Middle-class, college-educated women
focused their reform efforts on helping others
1. Jane Addams founded Hull House
2. Florence Kelley
promoted better
working conditions
in factories and stores
3. Carry Nation
helped to get the
18th Amendment passed
Bell Work #8
On page xxx of your ISN, explain why a person
would believe that this would be the outcome of
women voting?
“If women could vote, they’d divorce their
husbands. They’d leave their children and
maybe turn criminal. They’d hide ballots up their
sleeves and commit voter fraud.”
-Oklahoma 1920
III. How did women achieve suffrage?
A. National American Woman Suffrage
Association (NAWSA) with Susan B. Anthony
as its president led the fight to gain women
the right to vote.
B. NAWSA focused on getting
the right to vote in individual
states at first. This resulted in
little success.
h
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HnzQDVE8R6Y
IV. What was the Nineteenth Amendment and
how was it finally passed?
A. Carrie Chapman Catt, the president of
NAWSA, led the final fight for women’s
suffrage. She argued that if women could fill
all of the jobs that men held before going off
to war “why couldn’t they vote?”
B. After individual successes in
the western states and with the
U.S.’s entry into WWI, women
were given full voting rights in
1920
Bad Romance: Women's Suffrage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=co6qKVBciAw