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zf_Qp^uc„fBm{4^`zÊclf€‘kD^ub!’xp‡cl{ v̺ÍEÎÐÏ[ÑÓÒ&Ì `ÎÐÑÓÏ uœvÆÀkv_|{fBzkY^‰z„privjbdk±c&’fu¶ ‘privkqsz„prf`s4^`b
^u¿zc„ml^`_“clprf`s®f`gcl{k?i±abdclp ¶&ivf‘^`brp‡c&eYjm„f`¿brkQi g~fBmÊ¿IkQs_|{i?^`m„”¬pds}€jam„jKfBz„kQz¦^us‘®kͬ¶
jb^`pdsprs}ºc„{kµ_q^`j4^`¿prbrp‡clpdkqzƒf`g!^uaclfw^uz„z„fE_qpr^uclf`m„zqœ¾ƒ{przo^`mc„p Å _Qp^`bđfBiP^uprs/przprbrbdazc„ml^uc„kq‘
pdsÀ]Fpr}BamkY˜¬¼6_ ½ ^`s‘À_QfBszprzc„zµfugg~fBamÊ_QfBs_qkQjcla^`b!‘4^uc|^‰_qbdazc„kqmzɒxp‡cl{°i?kq^`szÉm„kqjm„k“¶
zkqswclkQ‘$¿weY¿br^`_|”Pc„m„p^us}BbrkQzƒ^`s‘‰spdsk_qf`aswclkqm¶&_QfBs_qkQjcla^`bF‘^uc|^º_qbdazc„kqmzx’xp‡cl{‰ivkD^`sz
mkqjmkqzkqswclkQ‘²¿weH’x{pdc„kÖ_qpdm„_qbdkqzQœ &sÇi?fBmk֑kQcl^`prb[Žƒcl{k¯_qf`s_qkQjcla4^ub_qbrazclkQm„z/^`mkÖbrfu¶
_q^uclkQ‘›^ucMjKfBpds¬c„zƒ¼ š š ½ 2¼ š ½ 2¼ š ½ ^`s‘/¼ ½ Ž`mkqzjIkQ_Qclp‡†BkQbdeBŽB’x{prbrk!cl{k_qfBas¬c„kqm¶
_QfBs_Qkqjc„a4^`b'_qbrazclkQm„z^`m„kÉbrfE_D^\clkq‘/^ucjKfBprswclzµ¼ d˜ d˜ ½ Ž'¼ ‡˜ ½ Ž'¼ š ½ Ž'¼ š ½ Ž'¼ ½ Ž
¼ ½ ŽF¼ ½ Ž¼ ‡˜ ½ ^`s‘¸¼ ½ Ž=m„kQz„jKkq_Qc„pd†`kqbde`œ !^`_|{W_QbrazclkQmoprz_qf`i?jKfBz„kQ‘Wf`g u–
jKfBpds¬c„zFsfBm„i?^`brb‡eo‘przc„m„pd¿aclkQ‘±^`mfBas‘Écl{kQz„ki?kq^`szF^`s‘¦’xp‡cl{ʆ`^um„p^us_qk , –˜BœF¾ƒ{k
_QfBaswclkQm¶ _qfBs_Qkqjc„a4^`b!_qbdazc„kqmzµ^um„k±g~amcl{kQmɑpd†Epr‘kQ‘¯prswclfYpds¬c„kqms4^`b^`s‘®kÍc„kqms4^`b_qbdaz¶
c„kqmzqœ &swclkQm„s4^`b'_qf`aswclkqm¶&_QfBs_qkQjcla^`b_Qbrazclkqmz_QfBm„mkqzjIfBs‘$clfvcl{kÉ_qfBas¬c„kqm¶&_qf`s_qkQjcla4^ub
‘^uc|^oc„{4^uc^`mkƒbrfE_D^uc„kq‘±pdsz„pd‘kcl{kƒ_QfBsw†BkÍv{Eabrb‘k Å skQ‘?¿we±c„{kƒ_qf`s_qkQjcla4^ub4‘4^uc|^’x{pdbrk
kÍEclkqms4^`b'_qfBas¬c„kqm¶&_qf`s_qkQjcla4^ub_qbdazc„kqmz_QfBm„mkqz„jKfBs‘€clf?c„{kÉ_qfBaswc„kqm¶ _qfBs_qkqjcla4^`bF‘4^ucl^
bdf_q^uclkQ‘‰fBaclzpr‘kc„{przƒ_QfBsw†BkÍ${¬abdb œ
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0.0
0.2
Feature # 2
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Principal Component # 2
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bdprskq^`m‘f`iP^`pdsĜ
0.0
Principal Component # 1
Principal Component # 1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Feature # 1
1.0
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c„askQ‘vc„fÊc„{kqpdmfBjc„pri?^`bzkQcclprs}BzqŽBc„{kƒg~fBam‘k“†pd_qkQz!’kqmkc„ml^`pdskq‘›fBs›_QfBs_qkQjcla^`b4‘4^ucl^
^us‘Ö^vc„{m„kQz„{f`br‘$’^`zokQzcl^`¿brpdz„{kQ‘W¿we Å c„c„prs}vcl{kµm„kq_QfBszclm„a_QclpdfBsWkQm„m„f`mofB¿cl^`prskq‘$f`s
^u‘‘pdc„prfBs^`b4_qfBs_qkqjcla4^`bI‘4^ucl^µclf¦^ É^uaz„zp^`sP^`s‘ËzkQc„c„prs}±^¦¿If`as‘4^`mev_qfBmm„kqzjIf`s‘prs}
c„fP^ºjmk“¶ z„jKkq_qp Å kq‘€_qfBs Å ‘kqs_qk¦pdswclkqm†u^`b œna¿z„kq¹¬akQswclbde`ŽKc„{kÉzeEzc„kqivz’kqmkµclkQzc„kq‘$f`s
^±c„kqzc„prs}vz„k“c_qfBswc|^uprspds}º¿Ifucl{‰prszc|^`s_qkqz^`s‘‰_QfBaswclkQm¶&pdszcl^`s_Qkqzf`gFc„{kÊ_qfBs_qkqjcDœ
FZ G'5[G Ö0217Y756@B7EJ ¾ƒ{ksEai±¿IkQmf`g{pd‘‘kQsYaspdc„zazkq‘‰¿we?c„{ksfBsbdprskq^`m_qfBs¶
skq_Qc„prfBsprzcPzeEzc„kqivzY’^`zY‘kQclkQm„ivprskQ‘»¿weHm„assprs},kD^`_|{Çsk“c&’f`m„” ’xp‡cl{²˜BŽošŽ Ž Ž
˜ Ž BšŽ^us‘ {pr‘‘kQsUaspdc„zºfBs Å †Bk/_qm„f`z„z¶ †u^`brpd‘4^uclpdfBs,zkQclzv_qf`s¬cl^`prsprs}®š WjKfBprswclz
jKkqm_qbrazclkQmqœ c’^`zƒ_qf`s_qbda‘kq‘Yc„{4^ucƒpdsËfBm„‘kqmc„fºm„kD^u_|{€^±}`ffE‘Ë_qbr^`z„zp Å _q^uclpdfBsËjKkqmg~fBm¶
i?^`s_Qk`Ž\cl{kc&’fsf`sbrpdskD^`m'^`aclfw^`zz„fE_qpr^uclfBmzF{^`‘µc„f¿Ikclm„^`prskQ‘µ’xp‡cl{P˜ {pd‘‘kqs¦aspdc„zqœ
cʒ^`zµ^`brzf/z{f™’xsÀcl{^ucÊcl{k›sk“c&’fBm”¬z±{4^`‘°_qfBsw†`kqm„}`kq‘,¿we jIfE_|{+šu–B–B–Ë’x{pr_|{°’^uz
c„{¬az±z„kQbrkQ_QclkQ‘¸^`z±^€zclf`jjprs}WjIf`prswcDœ jclpdi?pdžD^uc„prfBsόpds®c„{przµk“jIkQm„pdi?kQs¬cqŽ’^`z±jKkqm¶
g~f`m„ivkq‘+azprs}Öcl{k/¿^`_|”¬jm„fBj^`}w^uc„prfBs+jmf_Qkq‘am„k‰’xpdcl{+zc|^`s‘4^`m„‘·brkq^`m„sprs}Öm„^uclk‰^`s‘
ivfBivkqswclai f`gʖœ£– ®^us‘H–œ ŽmkqzjIkQ_Qclp‡†BkQbdeBœ³]4fBmvyh ­ Žzprs_Qk€cl{k/c„kqzcP‘fBi?^`prs·prz
c&’fu¶ ‘privkqszprfBs^`b ŽŒfBsbde¯fBskvfBmÊc&’f$jm„pds_qpdj4^`bM_QfBi?jKfBskQswclz¦_QfBabd‘À¿Kk?azkq‘Äœ cɒ^uz
‘kQclkQm„ivprskQ‘Pcl{^ucf`skojmprs_Qprj4^ubK_QfBivjIfBskqswceEprkQbr‘z^¦¿KkQcclkqm_qbr^`z„zp Å _q^uclpdfBs?m„^uclkcl{4^us
c&’fŽ^`s‘ÄŽEcl{kQm„kQg~f`m„k`ŽEcl{koyh ­ k“jKkqmprivkqswc’^`z_QfBs‘a_“clkQ‘Yaz„pds}º^µzprs}`brkjm„pds_qpdj4^`b
_QfBivjIfBskqswcDœ pdskD^umF^uaclfw^uz„z„fE_qpr^uclpdfBsÉjIkQmg~fBmi?kQ‘¦¿KkQc„c„kqm^`z'’kqbdbE’xp‡cl{¦^z„pds}Bbdk{pd‘‘kQs
aspdcÊcl{^`s®’xp‡cl{¯c&’fWf`mÉivfBmk # c„{kqmkQg~fBmk`ŽFpdcʒ^uz¦^`bdz„f‰clkQzclkQ‘À’xpdc„{À^/z„pds}Bbrk›{pd‘‘kQs
aspdcqœY¾ƒ{kPzclfBjjprs}€_qm„p‡clkQm„prf`sĎFbdkD^`msprs}/m„^uclkP^`s‘®i?fBivkqswc„ai az„kQ‘,¿we®c„{kvbrprskD^`m
^uaclfw^uz„z„fE_qpr^uclf`mM’kQm„kxcl{kzl^`ivk^`zcl{f`z„kaz„kQ‘P¿weºcl{ksfBsbrprskD^`m‘k“†Epr_qkQzqœ &svcl{kƒg~fBam
zeEzclkQi?zQŽ4cl{kcl{m„kqz{fBbd‘/’^`zxz„k“cozf?^uzxc„fv^`brbdf2’Çg~fBmx^ w— _qfBs Å ‘kqs_qkÉprswclkQm†u^`b œ
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5
˜D–
30
10
20
Pos Misclass
Neg Misclass
0
Average Percent Error
40
Average Percent Error
Over Five Trials
PCA
L-L
NL-L NL-NL
F] pr}Bamkš Fhb^`zz„p Å _D^uc„prfBs m„mfBmF^uc„k!f`gc„{kg~f`am_qb^uz„z„p Å _D^\clprf`sÉz_|{kqivkqzQœ!yFfBzpdc„pd†Bk
ivprz_qbr^`z„zp Å _q^uclpdfBsºml^uc„kqz^`mkpds‘pd_D^uc„kq‘vprs›}Bml^Deº’x{pdbrkƒskQ}w^uc„pd†BkxfBskqz^`m„kprs‘pr_D^\clkq‘
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]Fpr}Bamk›šœÉ¾ƒ{prz Å }Bam„kºjbrf`c„zcl{k›^D†BkQml^`}`kv_Qb^`zz„p Å _D^uc„prfBs$kqm„mfBmm„^uclkQzÉf™†`kqm Å †`k›c„m„pr^`brz
f`¿c|^`pdskq‘U¿we·c„{k€g~f`am?zeEzclkQi?z?fBs c„{k/c„kqzcˑfBi?^`pdsUf`g]pr}Bam„k¯˜¬¼6_ ½ œÇ¾ƒ{k€}Bml^`j{
z{f™’xzcl{4^ucyh ­ ^us‘ 9¶"¸fB¿c|^uprskQ‘$†BkQmeÖbr^`m„}Bkµ_qbr^`z„zp Å _q^uclpdfBsWkqmm„fBmoml^uc„kqzo’x{kQm„kq^`z
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c„{4^ucY’x{pdbrk¯yh ­ ^`s‘9¶" _q^`sÇclkq_|{spr_q^`brb‡eH¿Kk°az„kq‘g~fBmY_qbr^`z„zp Å _q^uclpdfBsĎxcl{k“e^`m„k
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‹ eEpdkqbr‘H^`_q_Qkqjcl^`¿brkÖ_Qb^`zz„p Å _D^uc„prfBsUml^uc„kqzYfBsHc„{4^ucYjm„fB¿bdkqi/œ ¾ƒ{pdzËm„kQz„ab‡cDŽxcl{¬azqŽ
­ zY^°iP^ucclkQm?f`gg6^u_QcDŽƒsfBsbrpdskD^um?^uaclfw^uz„z„fE_qpr^uclpdfBs¶ ¿4^`z„kQ‘U_Qb^`zz„p Å _D^uc„prfBs·’^uz
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