FAIRBORN ENGINEERING STANDARDS
(2012 Edition)
of
Construction Material Specifications
and
Standard Drawings
ENGINEERING DIVISION
City of Fairborn, Ohio
James E. Sawyer, P.E.
City Engineer
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
Disclaimer.
This document has been prepared by the City of Fairborn Engineering Division as a guide for
minimum level design standards. There may be situations where additional engineering is required to
ensure a durable and safe product. Any modification to these standards must first be approved in
writing by the City Engineer. Any costs associated with the modifications will be at the expense of the
owner, developer or contractor, including additional engineering costs.
The City of Fairborn does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information
contained herein. The City of Fairborn shall not be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages
arising out of the use of this information. This document is published with the understanding that the
City of Fairborn is supplying information but is not attempting to render engineering or other
professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional
should be commissioned.
References.
In conjunction with this document, references associated documents from the agencies are
listed below. Items or details not covered in the Fairborn Engineering Standards, the current edition of
the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) Construction Materials & Specifications shall apply.
Any item covered by another reference shall be subject to approval by the City Engineer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ODOT Construction Materials & Specifications
Ohio Department of Natural Resources Rainwater and Land Development Manual
Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
Greene County Soils & Water Conservation
Ten State Standards
Approval.
Engineering drawings for residential and commercial development, along with any other public
improvements, must be designed, sealed, signed and dated by a professional engineer registered in
the State of Ohio. Those plans must be submitted to the City of Fairborn Engineering Division where
they will be reviewed and approved for construction as to compliance with these standards along with
any other issues noted within a development agreement, such as an engineer’s opinion of cost,
construction performance bond, etc.
Any changes or modifications to these standards proposed by the developer, owner, contractor,
or engineer commissioned by any of the former shall first be approved by the City Engineer in writing.
Page 2 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
SPECIFICATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ITEM
ODOT
CITY
201
201
202
202
203
203
251
251
254
254
256
256
--259
301
301
304
304
320
320
401
401
--404
407
407
408
408
--421
423
423
--425
448
448
452
452
--454
--461
--497
--498
499
499
603
603
604
604
--608
609
-----
605
608
609
611
612
613
613
614
621
614
621
TITLE
PAGE
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS
ROADWAY EXCAVATION & EMBANKMENT
PARTIAL DEPTH PAVEMENT BASE REPAIR
PAVEMENT PLANING
BONDED PATHCING OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT
ASPHALT LEVELING COURSE
ASPHALT CONCRETE BASE
AGGREGATE BASE
RUBBLE AND ROLL
ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
STRESS ABORBING MEMBRANE INTERLAYER (SAMI)
TACK COAT
PRIME COAT
MICROSURFACING
CRACK SEALING, HOT APPLIED
BITUMINOUS BASE RECLAMATION
ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
NON-REINFORCED PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
CONCRETE DRIVE APPROACHES
CONCRETE GRINDING
COLD WEATHER NON-REINFORCED CONCRETE PAVEMENT
ANTI-GRAFFITTI COATING
CONCRETE - GENERAL
PIPE, CULVERTS, SEWERS & DRAINS
STORM MANHOLES, CATCH BASINS, STORM INLETS,
APPURTENANCES AND ADJUSTMENTS
DRAIN TILE REPLACEMENT
CONCRETE SIDEWALK AND CURB RAMPS
CONCRETE CURB AND GUTTER
REINFORCED CONCRETE CULVERTS
BORING AND JACKING
LOW STRENGTH MORTAR (LSM) OR CONTROLLED DENSITY FILL
(CDF) BACKFILL
MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC
RAISED PAVEMENT MARKERS (RPM)
7
9
12
17
19
21
25
27
29
31
33
36
40
41
42
47
50
53
56
58
60
61
64
67
68
77
85
86
89
92
97
105
106
108
Page 3 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
SPECIFICATIONS – TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont’d)
ITEM
ODOT
CITY
623
623
630
630
--637
638
638
638
639
644
644
647
647
659
661
703
-----
659
661
703
792
901
905
TITLE
CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT STAKING
TRAFFIC SIGNS AND SUPPORTS
FIRE HYDRANTS
WATER MAINS
PRESSURE SERVICE LINES
THERMOPLASTIC PAVEMENT MARKING
HEAT FUSED PRE-FORMED THERMOPLASTIC PAVEMENT
MARKING
SEEDING AND MULCHING
TREE PLANTING
AGGREGATE
SILANE/SILOXANE PENETRATING CONCRETE SEALER
SANITARY SEWERS
SEWAGE PUPMPING STATIONS
PAGE
112
113
115
117
131
135
138
140
144
146
144
146
163
STANDARD DRAWINGS
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
STANDARD DRAWINGS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DWG NO.
TITLE
GN - GENERAL
GN-1.0
ENGINEERING STANDARD DRAWING INDEX
GN-2.0
GENERAL CONDITIONS
GN-2.1
GENERAL NOTES
GN-3.0
GENERAL SUMMARY TABLE
PN – PAVEMENT (ROADWAY)
PV-1.0
GENERAL ROADWAY NOTES
PV-1.1
STREET TYPE STANDARDS
PV-1.2
TYPICAL STREET – LOCAL
PV-1.3
TYPICAL STREET – COMMERCIAL
PV-1.4
PAVEMENT UNDERDRAIN
PV-1.5
MONUMENT BOX DETAILS
PV-2.0
CURB AND GUTTER DETAILS
PV-2.1
CURB CUT DETAILS
PV-2.2
DRAIN THRU CURB DETAILS
PV-3.0
ADA RAMP DETAILS – TYPES I & II
PV-3.1
ADA RAMP DETAILS – TYPE IV
PV-4.0
SIDEWALK DETAILS
PV-4.1
DRIVE APPROACH DETAILS
PV-4.2
SIDEWALK BACK CURB DETAILS
PV-5.0
CONCRETE JOINT REPAIR – TYPE A & B
PV-6.0
PAVEMENT REPAIR – TYPICAL SECTIONS
PV-6.1
PAVEMENT REPAIR – FULL DEPTH ASPHALT
PV-6.2
PAVEMENT REPAIR - CONCRETE
EC – EROSION CONTROL
EC-1.0
GENERAL EROSION CONTROL NOTES
EC-2.0
EROSION CONTROL DETAILS
EC-3.0
TEMPORARY CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE
EC-4.0
ROCK CHANNEL PROTECTION
Page 5 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
STANDARD DRAWINGS – TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont’d)
DWG NO.
TITLE
MS – MISCELLANEOUS
MS-1.0
TRENCH BACKFILL DETAILS
MS-2.0
TILE REPAIR
MS-3.0
SERVICE UTILITIES - BENCHED TRENCH
MS-4.0
ROAD BORE CASING DETAIL
SS – SANITARY SEWER
SS-1.0
GENERAL SANITARY NOTES
SS-2.0
SANITARY STANDARD MANHOLE – TYPE A
SS-2.1
SANITARY DROP MANHOLE – TYPE D
SS-2.2
SANITARY DOGHOUSE MANHOLE
SS-2.3
LARGE DIAMETER SANITARY MANHOLE
SS-3.0
SANITARY LATERAL CONNECTIONS
SS-3.1
DEEP SANITARY LATERAL CONNECTION
SS-4.0
SANITARY CLEAN-OUT
WT – WATER LINE
WT-1.0
GENERAL WATER LINE NOTES
WT-1.1
WATER MAINS
WT-1.2
WATER SERVICES
WT-1.3
WATER LINE TESTING
WT-2.0
FIRE HYDRANT ASSEMBLY
WT-2.1
FIRE LINE CONNECTION DETAILS
WT-3.0
WATER SERVICE & METER DETAILS
WT-4.0
THRUST BLOCKS & BEND DETAILS
WT-4.1
WATER LINE RESTRAINED JOINTS
WT-5.0
WATER SAMPLING STATIONS
WT-6.0
WATER MAIN OFFSET RELOCATION
WT-7.0
AIR RELEASE WATER VALVE
ST – STORMWATER
ST-1.0
GENERAL STORM NOTES
ST-2.0
STORM MANHOLE – TYPE A
ST-2.1
STORM MANHOLE DOGHOUSE
ST-2.2
STORM MANHOLE SHALLOW – TYPE E
ST-2.3
STORM MANHOLE LARGE DIAMETER – TYPE C
ST-3.0
STORM INLET – TYPE A
ST-3.1
STORM INLET – TYPE B
ST-4.0
CATCH BASINS 2-2-A & 2-2-B
ST-5.0
STORM PIPE CRADLE
Page 6 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 201 : CLEARING AND GRUBBING
202.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This work consists of clearing, grubbing, scalping, removing trees and stumps, and removing all
vegetation and construction debris from the limits shown on the plans and removal of all surface
objects, brush, roots, and other protruding obstructions not designated to remain, except such
objects that are to remain or are to be removed according to other items of work.
B. Use removed or excavated materials in the work when the material conforms to the specifications,
otherwise, recycle or properly dispose of the material as approved by the Engineer.
C. This item shall consist of the removal of trees and stumps in the following categories:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
201.02
6” <= Tree diameter < 12” (see Section 202.03C)
12” <= Tree diameter < 24” diameter
24” <= Tree diameter < 36” diameter
36” <= Tree diameter
12” <= Tree stump diameter
REMOVAL
A. Trees and stumps having adverse effects on curb ramps, sidewalks, drive approaches or that is a
hazard to the public can be removed at the discretion of the Engineer. Trees shall be topped and
trimmed as required to avoid damage to remaining trees, utility lines and other property while being
felled.
B. Stumps and roots within the roadway limits shall be removed completely to 18" below the subgrade
for new construction, and 6” for any replacement, or as directed by the Engineer. Stump holes shall
be backfilled with suitable material and compacted to the density of the surrounding material.
C. The disposal of all portions of the trees and stumps removed shall be the responsibility of the
Contractor, to an appropriate disposal location.
201.03
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement for payment shall be based on the number of trees in each category listed in section
201.01 and stumps 12" or greater in diameter actually removed.
B. Trees will be measured at a point 4' above the ground. Stumps will be measured by taking the
average diameter of the cutoff.
C. Trees and stumps removed that are less than 6" and 12" in diameter, respectively, will not be
measured for payment under this section, however, the cost thereof shall be included in the unit
price bid for Item 203 Roadway Excavation, Borrow Subgrade and Embankments.
201.04
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
Page 7 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
UNIT
DESCRIPTION
201
EA
TREES REMOVED (6” <= TREE DIA <12”)
201
EA
TREES REMOVED ( 12”<= TREE DIA <24“)
201
EA
TREES REMOVED ( 24”<= TREE DIA <36“)
201
EA
TREES REMOVED ( 36“<=TREE DIA)
201
EA
STUMPS REMOVED (TREE STUMP DIA <=12”)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 8 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 202: REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS
202.01 DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of removing and, when noted, resetting/relaying various miscellaneous
items, salvaging and/or disposing of resulting materials, and backfilling resulting pits and trenches
in accordance with these specifications to the lines and grades noted on the plans or as directed by
the Engineer.
B. Items covered include, but are not limited to, concrete or masonry structures, sidewalk, curb, curb
and gutter, catch basins, inlets, manholes, pipe, fence, signs, traffic signal, other poles and
structures not suitable to be left in the roadway or are considered objectionable.
C. Where work under this item is included in other specifications, pay items shall be included with
those specifications as noted in the Scope of Work.
202.02
EXECUTION
A. Removal or Abandonment
1) All existing structures and appurtenances that interfere with new construction shall be removed
completely and to a minimum depth of 12" below grade, as directed by the Engineer.
2) Portions of pavement, sidewalk, curb, gutter and other similar items are to be removed at an
existing joint and/or sawn to a vertical face at the location established by the Engineer. Saw
cuts shall be made such that the remaining work will not be fractured to the point of jeopardizing
structural integrity, as determined by the Engineer.
3) Live sewers, inlets or catch basins scheduled for removal shall be maintained during
construction utilizing a by-pass service.
4) Manholes, catch basins or inlets scheduled to be abandoned shall be thoroughly cleaned, walls
of the structure removed to the required elevation and filled with suitable material as directed by
the Engineer. Existing pipe ends to the structures shall be plugged with concrete.
5) Care shall be taken at all times to prevent damage of existing structures that are to remain.
Damaged new work shall be repaired or replaced, as directed by the Engineer, at the
Contractor’s cost.
B. Relocating, Relaying and Resetting
1) Items scheduled for relocation, relaying, or resetting shall be carefully removed from their
existing location, cleaned as required and reset in their new location in accordance with the
respective details shown on the plans, or as directed by the Engineer. Work shall include all
labor, equipment and materials necessary to put items into proper position and operating
condition.
C. Disposing of Materials
1) All materials determined to have salvage value shall be carefully removed and placed at
locations designated by the Engineer for removal by the City.
2) Materials with no salvage value shall be transported by the Contractor to authorized locations
for proper disposal.
D. Backfilling
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
1) All trenches and excavations within the right-of-way resulting from removal or abandonment
operations shall be backfilled and compacted in accordance with granular backfill, controlled
density backfill, or other backfill material approved by the Engineer.
202.03
MEASUREMENT
A. Unless otherwise noted, all measurements for this work will be taken on the individual items in their
original position. Removal of sidewalk will be measured by square foot (SF). Removal of pavement
will be measured by square yard (SY).
B. Removal of existing curb, gutter, or curb and gutter, including any asphalt repair required will be
measured by the lineal foot (LF). Measurement for curb shall be taken along the face of the curb.
Measurement for curb and gutter shall be taken along the flow line.
C. Removal or abandonment of miscellaneous structures, manholes, catch basins and inlets will be
measured per each unit (EA).
D. Removal or relaying of pipe will be measured by lineal foot (LF) along the top of the pipe.
E. Removal or resetting of fence measured by lineal foot (LF), center to center of posts.
F. Removal or relocation of traffic signal and other poles, parking meters and signs will be measured
per each unit (EA).
G. Backfill, unless directed by the Engineer, shall be included with the contract unit price for the
removal, abandonment, relocating, relaying or resetting of the item.
H. Removal of trees and/or stumps, less than 6” diameter and 12” diameter respectively, will be
measured per each unit (EA). (See Section 201.)
I.
Removal of roots only will be measured based on the cubic yard (CY) of excavation.
202.04
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the Engineer, will be paid at the contract unit price for each pay
item listed in the table below.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, final cleanup,
and all work necessary to complete the item.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM
UNIT
DESCRIPTION
202
LF
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: CURB, CURB AND GUTTER, GUTTER
202
SF
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: SIDEWALK, _____” THICK
202
SF
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: DRIVE APPROACH, _____” THICK
202
SY
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: ASPHALT PAVEMENT, _____” THICK
202
EA
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: STRUCTURE
202
LF
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: PIPE, _____” DIAMETER
202
LF
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: FENCE
202
EA
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: POLES, SIGNS
202
EA
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: TREE AND STUMP < 6” DIAMETER
202
EA
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: TREE STUMP < 12” DIAMETER
202
CY
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: ROOTS
202
SF
REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS: CONCRETE CURB MEDIAN
** END OF SECTION **
Page 11 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 203 : ROADWAY EXCAVATION & EMBANKMENT
203.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of excavating and grading the roadway, gutters, ditches, intersections and
drives; excavating of unsuitable material; constructing embankments; grading, shaping and
compacting the subgrade; and disposing of all unsuitable or excess excavated material.
B. Unless specific items to the contrary are shown in the bid schedule, all excavation shall be
considered unclassified excavation regardless of the nature of the material excavated.
203.02
CLEARING, GRUBBING, SCALPING
A. Prior to the start of the excavation and grading operation, all necessary clearing, grubbing and
scalping shall have been performed.
B. Trees, stumps, roots, brush, boulders, rubbish, heavy grass, sod, vegetation and other material not
suitable for embankment or backfill material shall be removed and disposed by the Contractor.
C. Trees, stumps and roots shall be removed to a depth of not less than 18" below the subgrade.
D. Trees, hedges and shrubbery shall be removed only on the express instruction of the Engineer. All
trees, hedges and shrubbery to be left in place shall be protected from damage during the
construction. All roots or other parts of trees that are to be left in place and that have been cut or
damaged during the construction operation shall be trimmed evenly and smoothly and the exposed
surface painted with asphalt base fungicidal tree paint.
203.03
UTILIZATION OF EXCAVATED MATERIAL
A. All suitable excavated material shall be used as far as practicable in the formation of embankment
and slopes, for backfill, and for other purposes shown on the plans or special notes, or as directed
by the engineer.
B. Suitable topsoil encountered in the excavation may be conserved by the contractor for future
utilization when items of seeding or sodding are shown in the bid schedule.
C. Old excavations, cellars, holes caused by the removal of trees, stumps, inlets, manholes and the
like shall be backfilled with acceptable material from the work, or as directed by the Engineer, and if
within the roadway limits or directly adjacent thereto, shall be compacted to the density specified in
203.07 and 203.08 of these specifications.
D. All surplus excavated material and all waste material shall be disposed of by the Contractor at
locations approved by the Engineer. The Contractor shall neither borrow nor waste material without
the express approval of the Engineer.
203.04
REMOVAL OF UNSUITABLE MATERIAL
A. Soft or otherwise unsuitable areas encountered in the roadway limits shall be excavated to a depth
Page 12 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
as directed by the Engineer and backfilled with suitable material. Unsuitable material shall be
removed and disposed of by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense.
203.05
OVER EXCAVATION
A. Material excavated beyond the lines and grades shown on the plans or staked will not be paid for.
All material so removed will be replaced with granular or other acceptable material at the
Contractor's expense.
203.06
BORROW
A. Borrow shall consist of the excavation of material from borrow pits selected by the Contractor and
approved by the Engineer, from which sources the Contractor shall obtain the rights from the
owners to procure material. The Contractor shall pay all royalties and bear all expense of
developing the sources and of handling, hauling and placing the material.
B. Borrow shall be material approved by the Engineer as meeting the requirements for the particular
embankment, backfill or other use for which the material is intended.
203.07
CONSTRUCTION OF EMBANKMENTS
A. Embankment material shall be placed in horizontal layers not exceeding 8" loose depth, except that
rock and material containing rocks larger than 6" in greatest dimension shall be placed as directed
by the Engineer.
B. When embankment is placed against hillsides or other slopes, the hillside or slope shall be benched
in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer. The material thus removed shall be incorporated with new
material into the work at Contractor's expense.
C. Each layer of embankment, except rock, shall be leveled and smoothed as required and compacted
at its optimum water content to 95% of its maximum density as determined by the standard proctor
test, ASTM D-698 before starting the next layer. Embankment material with less than the optimum
moisture shall be sprinkled with water as directed by the Engineer. Embankment material
containing more than the optimum moisture shall be dried by means of plows, discs, motor graders,
or other means, or left to dry prior to compaction. Hauling and spreading equipment shall be
operated over the full width of the layer. Testing for density shall be included as part of the unit
price or lump sum for 203. Test results shall be provided to the Engineer.
D. When embankment is to be placed upon an existing roadbed, the roadbed shall be scarified to such
a degree as will provide adequate bond between the old and new material.
E. Care shall be exercised by the Contractor when constructing embankments around structures so
that excessive or damaging pressures are not exerted against the structure. The Contractor's
method of operation shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.
F. The Contractor shall be responsible for the stability of all embankments and shall replace any
portions which have become displaced due to Contractor’s carelessness or negligence or to
damage resulting from natural causes such as storms.
203.08
SUBGRADE
A. The subgrade surface shall be constructed to the specified lines, grades and cross sections by
repeatedly adding or removing material, and compacting to the specified density with a suitable
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
roller to perform these operations. Tolerances allowed on all lines, grades, and cross sections shall
be plus or minus 0.08’.
B. The subgrade shall be compacted to specified depths and densities.
1) Soil subgrade with maximum laboratory dry weight of 100-105 lb/ft3 shall be compacted to not
less than 102% of maximum dry density. All other soil subgrade shall be compacted to not less
than 100 % of maximum dry density. The maximum dry density shall be as determined by the
modified proctor test, ASTM D-1557.
2) Subgrade under new pavement and paved shoulders shall be compacted to a depth of 12”
below the surface of the subgrade and to a width of 18” beyond the edge of the surface of the
pavement, paved median, paved shoulder, or to the back of the adjacent curb and gutter, and
shall be paid under Item 203, Subgrade.
3) Subgrade under driveways, mailbox turnouts, and stabilized shoulders, shall be compacted to a
depth of 6” below the surface of the subgrade and to the width of the pavement or base, or to
the back of adjacent curb and gutter; and shall not be paid for as a separate item.
C. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to protect and maintain the subgrade prior to the placement
of subsequent courses.
1) The newly finished subgrade shall be repaired from action of the elements. Any settlement or
washing that occurs prior to the acceptance of the work shall be repaired and the specified line,
grades and cross sections re-established at the Contractor’s expense.
2) The Contractor shall protect all existing pavement, curbs, gutters and sidewalks from subgrade
construction with an earth cushion, timber planking, or both, where tractors, graders, rollers, or
other equipment are required to pass or turn around. All resulting damage shall be repaired by
the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense.
3) Any damaged work which cannot be repaired to the satisfaction of the Engineer shall be
replaced by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense.
D. Soft subgrade shall be removed by the Contractor at the direction of the Engineer.
1) Where soft subgrade is encountered in cuts, due to no fault or neglect of the Contractor, in
which satisfactory stability cannot be obtained by moisture control and compaction, the unstable
material shall be excavated to the depth required by the Engineer. The excavation thus
required shall be measured and paid for at the contract unit price bid for Item 203, Unclassified
Excavation. Material thus excavated shall be disposed of at the contractor’s expense.
2) Where embankment is a separate pay item, material required to replace the undercut shall be
provided, if available from grading operations within 1/2 mile of the soft subgrade area. Suitable
material shall be considered available when there is an excess of suitable material on the entire
project, available portions of which are located within 1/2 mile of the soft subgrade area.
Embankment required in the undercut area shall be paid for at the contract unit price for 203
Embankment, except that if such material is not available, the excavation thus made shall be
filled with any suitable material available beyond 1/2 mile of the soft subgrade area, and
payment shall be made in accordance with ODOT Item 104.03, Extra Work.
3) Where embankment is not a separate pay item, suitable material required for the embankment
to replace the undercut shall be secured from Item 203, Unclassified Excavation, if available
Page 14 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
from grading operations within ½ mile of the soft subgrade area. If such suitable material is not
available, the excavation thus made shall be filled with suitable material as directed by the
Engineer.
4) Where soft subgrade in cuts is due to the failure of the Contractor to maintain adequate surface
drainage or is due to any other fault or neglect of the Contractor, the unstable condition shall be
corrected as outlined above at the Contractor’s expense.
5) After the surface of the subgrade has been shaped to approximate cross section grade, and
before any pavement, base or subbase material is placed thereon, the subgrade and a portion
of the berm for a distance of at least 18” outside the limits of the surface of the planned
pavement, shall be compacted as specified in Item 203.08B of these specifications. When the
compaction is completed, the surface of the subgrade shall be shaped as necessary to conform
to the grade and cross section shown on the plans.
203.09
PROOF ROLLING
A. Proof rolling shall be performed on areas described on the plans or as directed by the Engineer.
B. The designated areas of subgrade, prior to the placing of the overlying course, shall be compacted
to requirements of Section 203.08B. The subgrade shall then be rolled with one or more passes, as
directed, with a heavy pneumatic tire roller or loaded dump trucks. One pass shall be considered to
represent two trips of the roller, each trip offset from the other by the width of one tire, to obtain
complete area coverage. The roller shall operate in a systematic manner so that the number of
passes over all areas can be readily determined and recorded.
C. Where the operation of the heavy pneumatic tire roller shows the subgrade to be unstable or to
have non-uniform stability, the Contractor shall correct the unstable areas so that the stability of the
subgrade will be uniform and satisfactory. The subgrade shall then be checked for conformance to
the plan lines and any irregularities of the surface caused by operation of the heavy pneumatic tire
roller shall be corrected and the subgrade shall be shaped to the plan lines.
203.10
MEASUREMENT
A. Borrow material shall be measured as follows:
1) Borrow in a natural formation that is to be used exclusively on one project will be measured by
the cubic yard of material in its original position. Volume computations will be by the method of
average end areas. Cross sections for borrow measurement will not be taken until after the
area has been cleared and stripped.
2) Borrow in a natural formation that may be used for more than one project concurrently will be
measured on a weight basis. The material furnished shall be weighed and slips for each load
will be furnished. A series of representative density determinations shall be made on the borrow
material in its original position and the volume determination for payment shall be made from
the average in-situ density so determined.
B. Unclassified excavation shall be measured by the cubic yard of material in its original position.
C. Embankment shall be measured by the cubic yard of material, properly compacted, in place as
constructed in accordance with the approved plans.
D. The quantities of excavation and embankment, when embankment is specified as a separate bid
Page 15 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
item, for which payment will be made will be those shown in the contract, provided the project is
constructed to the lines and grades shown on the plans, within allowable tolerances, and provided
the plan quantities are adjusted to correct errors and to take into account authorized changes.
Check measurements or final cross sections shall be used to establish the quantity for payment. It
is not the intent of this specification to change the plan quantity for payment as a result of minor
discrepancies in the plotting of cross sections, calculation of the end areas, and the subsequent
computation of the plan volume of the earthwork quantities.
E. Subgrade shall be measured by the square yard when constructed in accordance with approved
plans.
F. Clearing, grubbing, and scalping are measured on a project basis and paid as a lump sum.
G. The following items will not be measured or paid but are considered incidental to other items:
1)
2)
3)
4)
Watering
Proof-rolling
Disking or other drying techniques
Testing
203.11
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
203
203
203
UNIT
LS
CY
CY
203
CY
203
203
203
CY
SY
LS
DESCRIPTION
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
UNCLASSIFIED EXCAVATION
EMBANKMENT
ROADWAY EXCAVATION, NOT INCLUDING EMBANKMENT
CONSTRUCTION
EXCAVATION, INCLUDING EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION
SUBGRADE COMPACTION
SCALPING
** END OF SECTION **
Page 16 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 251 : PARTIAL DEPTH PAVEMENT BASE REPAIR
251.01
DESCRIPTION
A. Work covered in this item consists of furnishing the labor, materials and equipment and necessary
support for partial depth repair of bituminous pavement areas. The location and limits of repair will
be as shown on the plans, or as designated by the Engineer.
B. The work consists of removing existing asphalt concrete, shaping and compacting the exposed
material and placing new asphalt concrete pavement.
C. Where planing is required, the Engineer will designate areas for repair upon completion of the
planing work. Anticipated areas requiring planing are shown on the plans. Planing is a separate
pay item, not a part of this section.
D. Contractor shall provide the Engineer with aerosol spray paint to outline those areas for repairs.
Depth of repair shall be as designated by the Engineer.
251.02
MATERIALS
A. Apply ODOT 407.02 tack material to thoroughly coat the exposed surface and to fill all cracks and
joints.
B. Place and compact approved ODOT Item 448 asphalt concrete in one or more lifts as necessary to
finish flush with the adjacent pavement surface.
251.03
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
A. Cut the existing pavement at the limits specified and as necessary to prevent disturbing or
undermining the remaining pavement during removal. Completely remove pavement in the painted
repair area to the specified depth without displacing, undermining, or otherwise damaging the
remaining pavement. Dispose of removed pavement according to ODOT Item 202.
B. Shape and compact the exposed underlying material as directed by the Engineer. Before placing
asphalt concrete, clean all vertical faces of the existing pavement and coat them with asphalt
material at approximately 0.25 gallon per square yard.
C. Place the replacement material in lifts as shown on the plans, or as directed by the Engineer.
Thoroughly and uniformly compact each lift using suitable compaction equipment. Finish the final
lift flush with the existing planed pavement surface, or as directed by the Engineer.
D. Thoroughly compact the final lift using a pneumatic tire roller that conforms to ODOT Item 401.13.
As the rolling progresses, add additional patching material as necessary to produce a smooth
surface, flush with the existing planed pavement surface before the resurfacing course.
251.04
MEASUREMENT
Page 17 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
A. Quantities of pavement repair will be measured by the Engineer by the number of cubic yards of
pavement repaired in the complete and accepted work, calculated using the dimensions established
by the Engineer. The Engineer will not measure removal and replacement pavement beyond the
designated limits.
251.05
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities in place, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for
each pay item listed in the table below, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include full compensation for the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment,
tools, all preparation, mixing, testing and placing of materials, final cleanup and any incidentals
necessary to complete this item as specified.
ITEM
251
UNIT
CY
DESCRIPTION
PARTIAL DEPTH PAVEMENT BASE REPAIR
** END OF SECTION **
Page 18 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 254 : PAVEMENT PLANING
254.01
DESCRIPTION
A. Work covered in this item consists of furnishing the labor, equipment and necessary support for
cold-planing bituminous materials from various streets within the City of Fairborn, at various depths
as indicated on the “Estimated Quantities” sheet, or as directed by the Engineer. (See traffic
maintenance notes to determine signing and traffic control requirements for each street.)
B. The City of Fairborn reserves the right to retain grindings from the milling operation. Refer to the
Special Provision section of the specifications for any further information.
C. Contractor shall take the necessary precautions when working in areas having traffic loop signals.
The loops are generally located 2½” ± from the top of the pavement. Should the Contractor
encounter or damage loop wire, the Engineer shall be notified immediately.
D. Streets scheduled for planing are indicated in the “Estimated Quantities” sheet.
E. Additional streets may be added by the Engineer. If additional streets are added, the Contractor
will be paid at the contract unit price per square yard and the Contractor will be permitted to keep
one hundred percent (100%) of all asphalt grindings removed from these additional streets.
F. Additional grinding may be required at drive approaches in the Right-Of-Way, as directed by the
Engineer for application of bituminous materials. The extent of work at the drive approaches shall
not be less than 1 FT and not greater than 2 FT from the edge of pavement. Property owners shall
be notified by the Contractor prior to beginning work on that street that there will be a slight bump
getting into and out from the driveway for a temporary period of time.
254.02
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
A. The machine used for this work shall be a power-operated cold-planing machine, capable of
removing asphaltic-type pavement without the application of heat. The machine shall be equipped
to prevent generation of dust and/or fractured materials from escaping beyond the limits of the
machine.
B. The machine shall accurately plane the pavement surface to the prescribed cross-slope and grade.
The finished planed surface shall be uniform and constant with no abrupt changes in elevation,
longitudinally nor transversely, except where manhole castings or water-valve boxes are within the
area to be planed.
C. The Contractor is shall remove all material around manhole castings, water-valve boxes, and
against the curb, to the elevation of the planed surface. After removal of the original material, the
contractor shall install cold-mix where necessary so that the planed sections of the pavement
around the projections shall be suitable to carry traffic prior to the subsequent resurfacing.
D. Removal may include portions of the intersecting streets when so directed by the Engineer.
Page 19 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
E. After planing is complete, the Contractor shall sweep the entire street to remove all loose materials.
The sweeper used must be approved by the Engineer and must be fully enclosed so as to prevent
the generation of dust. Any dust generated must be abated promptly using methods first approved
by the Engineer.
F. After sweeping, the roadway shall be in such condition as to safely accept traffic until resurfaced.
Pre-mix materials may be needed around manholes, water-valve boxes, intersecting streets, any
limits of the work, etc.
254.03
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
A. The City Engineer will measure the dimensions of pavement planed and calculate the approved
quantities of material by the number of square yards removed.
254.04
PAYMENT
A. The City will not pay for repairs due to damage caused by planing operations. Payment will be for
accepted quantities at the contract prices as follows:
ITEM
254
UNIT
SY
DESCRIPTION
PAVEMENT PLANING, 1”-2”
** END OF SECTION **
Page 20 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 256 : BONDED PATCHING OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT
256.01 DESCRIPTION
A. This work consists of bonded patching of Portland Cement Concrete pavements and
associated structures at spalled areas adjacent to cracks or joints, or other areas as
designated by the Engineer.
B. Removing all loose and unsound concrete and asphalt material patches; removing sound
concrete as directed; preparing the surface; applying a bonding grout if required;
reconstructing the joint or crack; and mixing, placing, finishing, and curing of the patching
material as specified on the plans, or as directed by the Engineer.
256.02 MATERIALS
A. Furnish materials conforming to ODOT Items Nos.:
Portland cement ........................... 701.05
Fine aggregate.... ......................... 703.02
Coarse aggregate, No.8 size ...... 703.02
Curing material.............................. 705.07
Air-entraining admixture................ 705.10
Quick setting concrete mortar....... 705.21
256.03 EQUIPMENT
A. Use a milling machine, concrete saw, jackhammers, hydro-blasting, or other approved
equipment to remove existing surface material.
B. Provide oil and moisture free compressed air for cleaning and abrasive blasting the
prepared area.
C. Provide an onsite concrete mixer capable of mixing a minimum of 2-cubic foot batches of
patching material.
D. Provide chipping hammers not heavier than the nominal 35 pound class.
256.04 REMOVAL OF UNSOUND CONCRETE
A. The Engineer will locate and mark all areas to be repaired prior to concrete sawing.
Provide the Engineer with aerosol spray paint to outline the areas for repair.
B. Repair areas will be rectangular or square in shape with dimensions as required to
envelope the surface deterioration.
C. Saw the perimeter of all areas designated for removal to an approximate depth of 1”, or as
directed by the Engineer, to produce a vertical or slightly undercut face. Make additional
saw cuts as required to facilitate removal. Remove all unsound concrete, all asphalt
material and all obviously loose and disintegrated concrete within the patch area.
D. Remove sound concrete where required to achieve the minimum depth within the patch
Page 21 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
area. The minimum depth of any partial depth repair is 1 ½” except at the perimeter saw
cuts.
E. Operate chipping hammers at an angle of less than 45 degrees measured from the surface
of the pavement.
F. During removal of unsound concrete, remove all deteriorated pavement reinforcing
exposed in the patch areas using a cutting tool or a torch and replace with new reinforcing
to match existing and free of corrosion. Provide for the minimum lap splice or mechanical
fastening needed to achieve proper development length of the reinforcing.
256.05 AREA PREPARATION
A. Before applying bonding grout and/or the patching material, abrasive blast the exposed
concrete surfaces to which the patching material is to bond until free of loose particles, oil,
dust, traces of asphalt concrete and joint sealer, and other contaminates.
B. Remove all sandblasting residue with compressed air just prior to placing the concrete
bonding grout or the patching material. Do not begin abrasive blasting operations until
implementing reasonably available engineering controls to limit fugitive dust, acceptable to
the Engineer.
C. Conform to State, regional and local government agency requirements regarding control of
dust generated by the blasting operation. For Types Band C patching materials that do not
use water as the activator, perform additional surface preparation according to the patching
material manufacturer's recommendations.
D. Recreate joints in or along the patch using a joint board that extends below the prepared
surface and has a width equal to the existing joint. One hour after placing the patching
material, remove the joint board in a manner that does not damage the patch.
256.06 BONDING GROUT INSTALLATION
A. For bonding Type A patches, use grout that consists of equal parts, by volume, of Portland
cement and sand mixed with sufficient water to form a stiff slurry.
B. Using a stiff brush or broom, apply a thin, uniform coating of grout to the prepared surface.
Scrub the grout onto the dry surfaces of the prepared area to be patched immediately
before placing the patching material. Do not allow excess grout to collect in low spots. Do
not allow the grout to dry before placing the new concrete.
C. Paint grout over all sawed joints between the new and existing concrete immediately after
completing the finishing.
D. For bonding Types Band C patches, conform to the patching material manufacturer's
recommendations.
256.07 PATCH MATERIAL PLACEMENT
A. Use Type A, B, or C patch material as follows:
Type A:
1) Provide patch material consisting of one part High-Early strength Portland cement, one
and a half parts fine aggregate, and one and a half parts No.8 coarse crushed
aggregate by volume.
Page 22 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
2) Add sufficient air-entraining admixture to maintain an air content of 8% ± 2%.
3) Add enough water to obtain the minimum slump practical for placing and do not allow
slump to exceed 4”.
4) Mix the materials on site. Do not use ready-mixed concrete.
5) Place the concrete mixture in the patch area while the bonding grout is still wet. Slightly
overfill, vibrate and strike off the concrete.
Type B:
1) Provide patch material consisting of quick setting concrete mortar 705.21, Type 1 or 2.
Mix and place the mortar according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Add
coarse crushed aggregate, as needed, according to the manufacturer's instructions.
2) Place the concrete mixture in the patch area. If the manufacturer's requirements specify
using bonding grout, place the concrete mixture while the bonding grout is still wet.
Slightly overfill, vibrate and strike off the concrete.
Type C:
1) Provide patch material consisting of a blend of quick setting concrete mortar 705.21,
Type 2 and selected aggregates with an activator. Mix and place these materials
according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Add coarse crushed aggregate, as
needed, according to the manufacturer's instructions.
2) Place the concrete mixture in the patch area. If the manufacturer's requirements specify
using bonding grout, place the concrete mixture while the bonding grout is still wet.
Slightly overfill, vibrate and strike off the concrete.
B. Screed patches 12’ and less in length parallel to the centerline. Screed patches over 12’ in
length perpendicular to the centerline.
C. While the concrete is still in plastic state, test surface for trueness and for being flush with
edges of the adjacent slabs using a 10’ straightedge. Place straightedge parallel to the
pavement centerline with the ends resting on existing pavement and draw straightedge
across the patch. Where straightedge does not remain in contact with the existing
pavement during the draw, correct all high or low areas exceeding 1/8”.
D. Recheck the concrete surface after making corrections to assure that the patch area meets
the surface tolerance before the patching material hardens.
E. Texture the new concrete surface similar to that of the surrounding pavement.
256.08 CURING AND OPENING TO TRAFFIC
A. Cure Type A patches according to 451.10, except allow the patch to attain a modulus of
rupture of 400 PSI before opening to traffic.
B. Cure Types Band C patches according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
256.09 MEASUREMENT
A. The Engineer will measure the quantity of Bonded Patching of Concrete, Type ___(A, B or
C) by the number of square feet (SF) of the exposed surface of all patches, irrespective of
the depth of the patch, repaired in the complete and accepted work.
Page 23 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
B. If the actual measured area of a patch is less than 2 SF, the Engineer will increase each
such measurement to 2 SF.
C. Reinforcing steel will be measured by the poundage installed for each rebar size.
256.10 BASIS OF PAYMENT
A. Payment is full compensation for the cost of furnishing and placing all materials, labor,
equipment, tools, final cleanup and any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
B. For repairs found deficient in thickness, the Engineer will pay a reduced price according to
451.17.
C. The Engineer will not pay extra for repairs with an average thickness in excess of that
shown on the plans or specified.
D. The Engineer will pay for accepted quantities at the contract unit price.
ITEM
UNIT
256
509
SF
LB
DESCRIPTION
BONDED PATCHING OF CONCRETE, TYPE ____
REINFORCING STEEL (No. 4’s & No. 5’s)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 24 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 259 : ASPHALT LEVELING COURSE
259.01
DESCRIPTION
A. Asphalt concrete leveling course consists of the placing and compaction of plant mix
asphalt concrete over ruts, distortions, depressions and other irregularities to restore
proper grade and cross section to the existing pavement.
B. Preparation of existing surfaces including sweeping, crack filling, tack coat, and any
other necessary work required prior to placing the leveling course shall be considered
as incidental to the bid item for asphalt concrete leveling course.
C. Related Work Specified Elsewhere:
Bituminous prime and tack coat………………………….ODOT Item 407
Asphalt concrete pavement………………………………FAIRBORN Item 401
Asphalt concrete overlay………………………………….FAIRBORN Item 448
259.02
MATERIALS
A. The tack coat, asphalt concrete, transportation and placement of the mix shall be as
specified in ODOT Item Nos. 401, 407, 446 & 448.
B. The aggregate gradation for asphalt concrete leveling course shall be the same as the
asphalt concrete overlay being used for each of the bid items in Item 448.
259.03
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
A. The tack coat, asphalt concrete and the placement and compaction of the mix shall be
as specified in Item Nos. 401& 407 bituminous prime and tack coat and Item 448
asphalt concrete pavement except as modified herein.
B. The entire surface shall be cleaned with a power broom. After the surfaces have been
prepared to the satisfaction of the Engineer, they shall receive a tack coat as specified
in Item 407. Traffic will not be permitted over the surfaces which have received a tack
coat.
C. Leveling courses shall not exceed three inches (3") per layer. Areas requiring multiple
layers shall not exceed three inches (3") per layer and each layer will extend past the
previous layer until the desired cross section is obtained. Each layer will be
compacted in accordance with ODOT Item Nos. 401 & 448 prior to other layers being
placed.
Page 25 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
259.04
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
MEASUREMENT
A. The quantity of asphalt concrete leveling course to be paid for will be determined by
tons delivered and placed and accepted by the Engineer as complying with these
Specifications.
B. The width, length and depth of the asphalt concrete leveling intermediate course and
surface course shall be defined from the typical section or detailed section of the
roadway and/or the plan and profile drawings and/or as measured in the field. These
measurements will determine the square yards.
C. Certified weight tickets shall be used for measurements by the ton.
259.05
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities in place, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract
unit price for each pay item listed in the table below, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include full compensation for the cost of furnishing all materials, labor
equipment, tools, all preparation, mixing, testing and placing of materials, final cleanup
and any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
259
259
UNIT
TN
CY
DESCRIPTION
ASPHALT LEVELING COURSE, TONAGE
ASPHALT LEVELING COURSE, CY
**END OF SECTION**
Page 26 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 301 : ASPHALT CONCRETE BASE
301.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of construction of a base course, composed of aggregate and bituminous
material, mixed in a central plant, spread and compacted on an accepted subgrade, as defined in
ODOT Item 301 and in accordance with these specifications.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of Item 301 of the ODOT “Construction and Material
Specifications” and in conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses and typical cross sections
shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT Item 301 specification have been listed for the convenience
of field personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
301.02
WEATHER LIMITATIONS
A. Bituminous plant mixtures shall only be placed when the surface is dry and when weather
conditions are such that proper handling, finishing, and compaction can be accomplished. In no
case shall bituminous plant mixtures be placed when the surface temperature is below the minimum
established in the following table:
COURSE
THICKNESS
3” AND OVER
1.5” - 2.9”
1” - 1.4”
< 1”
SURFACE
TEMPERATURE
MIN(°F)
36°
40°
50°
60°
1) In addition to the above surface temperature requirements, do not place surface courses if
the air temperature is less than 40 °F.
2) For type 1H asphalt concrete or any surface course with a polymer modified asphalt binder,
ensure that the surface of the existing pavement is at least 50 °F and the air temperature is
at least 50 °F.
3) Do not place any Type 1H asphalt concrete after November 1, regardless of the pavement
or air temperature.
301.03
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement for Item 301, Asphalt Concrete Base, shall be by the square yard.
B. The width and length of the Asphaltic Concrete Base shall be defined from the typical section of the
roadway and the plan and profile drawings and be used to calculate square yards.
Page 27 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
301.04
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
301
UNIT
SY
DESCRIPTION
ASPHALT CONCRETE BASE (____“)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 28 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 304 : AGGREGATE BASE
304.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and compacting one or more courses of aggregate,
including furnishing and incorporating all water required for compacting a base course on an
accepted subgrade and in accordance with these specifications.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of ODOT Item 304, Aggregate Base, and in conformance
with the lines, grades, thicknesses and typical cross sections shown on the plans or established by
the Engineer.
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT Item 304 specification have been listed for the convenience
of field personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
304.02
PLACEMENT
A. The Contractor may construct the base in any number of layers that he/she may choose, except
that in no case shall any individual layer have a compacted thickness of more than 3”, unless
vibratory compaction equipment is utilized, in which case the maximum compacted thickness shall
not exceed 6”.
B. Each layer shall be compacted, as hereinafter specified, before any succeeding layer is placed.
304.03
COMPACTION
A. The minimum roller weight shall be 10 tons. Light rollers may be used in small areas.
B. Shaping and compacting shall be carried on continuously until a true, even and uniform surface of
proper grade and cross section is obtained.
C. The density of the complete base shall be at least 95% of maximum standard proctor density.
304.04
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement of the aggregate base material shall be on a cubic yard, ton, or square yard basis.
The Contractor shall provide certified weight tickets for each truck as the basis for determining
tonnage.
B. A conversion factor of 2 tons/cubic yard shall be used to convert from cubic yards to tons if
necessary.
304.05
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
Page 29 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
C. For Item 304 needed as base for curbs and gutters, there is no separate pay item for this
section. Payment for this item is included with Item No. 609, Concrete Curb and Gutter.
D. For Item 304 needed as base for concrete sidewalk, there is no separate pay item for this
section. Payment for this item is included with Item No. 608, Concrete Sidewalk.
ITEM
304
304
304
UNIT
TN
CY
SY
DESCRIPTION
AGGREGATE BASE
AGGREGATE BASE
AGGREGATE BASE, ____”THICK
** END OF SECTION **
Page 30 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 320 : RUBBLIZE AND ROLL
320.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of rubblizing and rolling existing concrete pavement before placing an
asphalt concrete pavement as shown per plan, or as directed by the Engineer.
320.02
MATERIALS
A. Furnish filler aggregate conforming to Item 304.
320.03
EQUIPMENT
A. Use a self-contained and self-propelled unit of either the resonant frequency type or the multiple
head breaker type for rubblizing the exposed concrete pavement.
B. If using a resonant frequency unit, it shall be capable of producing low amplitude, 2000-pound-force
(8900 N) blows at a rate of not less than 44 blows per second.
C. If using a multiple head breaker unit, ensure that it has the capability of rubblizing the full 12’ lane
width of the pavement in a single pass. Ensure the breaking head consists of 12 to 16 hammers
weighing a total of 1000 to 1500 pounds, mounted laterally in pairs with half the hammers in a
forward row and the remainder diagonally offset in a rear row. Attach each hammer to a hydraulic
lift cylinder that operates as an independent unit, develops 2000 to 12,000 foot-pounds of energy
depending on lift height selected, cycles at a rate of 30 to 35 impacts per minute, and has a
maximum lift height of 60”.
D. Use a vibratory steel wheel roller having a total weight of not less than 10 tons (9 metric tons).
320.04
CONSTRUCTION
A. Rubblizing shall begin after removal of the existing asphalt overlay. The Contractor shall prevent
damage to underground utilities and drainage structures during rubblizing.
B. Make a full depth saw cut or cut load transfer devices at existing joints where the rubbilizing abuts
concrete pavement or approach slabs that are to remain in place permanently or temporarily for
maintenance of traffic.
C. Before the rubblizing operations begin, the Engineer will designate a test section. Rubbilize the test
section according to this specification. After rubblizing, excavate a test pit, where the Engineer
designates, to check for proper particle size throughout the thickness of the concrete. Fill in the test
pit using the excavated material and additional filler aggregate as necessary. Compact the test pit
as part of the rolling operation. The Engineer may require additional test pits, as necessary,
throughout the rubblizing operation.
D. Adjust the rubblizing procedure to maintain the proper particle sizes. Control the operating speed of
the rubblizing equipment such that the existing pavement is reduced into particles ranging from
sand sized to pieces not exceeding 6” in their largest dimension, the majority being a nominal 1”-2”
Page 31 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
in size. Reduce the portion of the concrete slab above the reinforcing steel to 1”-2” in size.
E. Before placing the initial asphalt concrete course, compact the rubblized pavement with two passes
of the vibratory roller. Operate the roller in the vibratory mode and at a speed not to exceed 6 feet
per second.
1) Leave steel reinforcement in place in the rubblized pavement. However, cut off any steel
reinforcement exposed at the surface as a result of rubblizing or compaction operations, below
the surface and remove it from the site.
2) Fill depressions 1” or greater in depth from that of the immediate surrounding area, resulting
from the rubblizing, the compaction effort, or the steel reinforcement removal, with the filler
aggregate. Strike off excess aggregate level with the surrounding area. Compact filled
depressions with the same roller and compaction effort previously described.
F. Do not allow traffic on the rubblized pavement before the initial asphalt concrete base and
intermediate courses are in place. Do not allow more than 4 hours to elapse between
rubblizing the pavement and placing the initial asphalt concrete course because of the need
to get traffic on the rubblized lane as soon as possible. However, in the event of rain, the
Engineer may waive this time limitation to allow sufficient time for the rubblized pavement to dry to
the Engineer’s satisfaction. If the Engineer waives the time limitation, cease rubblizing the
pavement until the Engineer allows paving to resume.
G. The contractor shall leave a 6”-12” wide strip of rubblized concrete unpaved when
overlaying the first lane. This strip provides additional space to operate on the second lane
without encroaching upon the first lane’s overlay.
320.05
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for this item shall be the number of square yards of rubblized pavement.
B. The measurement for filler aggregate shall be the cubic yards of aggregate that were furnished,
placed and compacted and will be included in the unit price for this item.
320.06
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, including filler aggregate, labor
equipment, tools, final cleanup and any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
UNIT
320
SY
DESCRIPTION
RUBBLIZE AND ROLL (INCLUDE FILLER
AGGREGATE AS MAY BE REQUIRED)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 32 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 401 : ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
401.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the construction of an asphalt concrete surface course placed on an
asphalt concrete leveling course and/or intermediate course as specified herein.
B. Plant mix bituminous pavements shall meet the requirements of ODOT Item 401, Asphalt Concrete
Pavements - General; Asphalt Concrete Mixing Plants shall meet the requirements of ODOT Item
402 and the asphalt concrete surface and intermediate courses shall meet the requirements of
ODOT Items 446 and 448, Type 1 or 2, PG 64-22, of the latest edition of the ODOT "Construction
and Material Specifications."
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT specifications have been listed for the convenience of field
personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
D. There will be no payment for ODOT 401.20; Asphalt Binder Price Adjustment.
401.02
WEATHER LIMITATIONS
A. Bituminous plant mixtures shall only be placed when the surface is dry and when weather
conditions are such that proper handling, finishing, and compacting can be accomplished.
B. In no case shall bituminous plant mixtures be placed when the surface temperature is below the
minimum established in the following table:
COURSE THICKNESS
3” AND OVER
SURFACE
TEMPERATURE
MIN (°F)
36°F
1.5” TO 2.9”
40°F
1.0” TO 1.4”
50°F
SURFACE LESS THAN 1”
60°F
VARIABLE INTERMEDIATE: 0” TO 3”
40°F
1) See Section 301 for additional temperature requirements.
C. When plant mixes are being transported at prevailing air temperatures below 50°F or when the
length of haul exceeds 20 miles, all trucks shall have covers that shall be fastened to exclude all
wind.
401.03 JOINTS
A. Place the asphalt concrete mixture as continuous as possible. Set up joints at the proper height
above the adjacent construction to receive maximum compaction. Where the edge of the new
Page 33 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
surface has been significantly rounded by the action of traffic, trim it to a vertical face before placing
the adjacent pavement. On projects where traffic is allowed to cross the edge of the new pavement
lane, complete the longitudinal joint of the adjacent lane or berm within 24 hours.
B. Form hot longitudinal joints using pavers operating in contiguous lanes, one just ahead of the
other. Maintain the distance between pavers in adjacent lanes such that it does not exceed the
distance that a normal size load of mixture will cover. Alternate loads of mixture between the
pavers. Do not allow rollers performing the initial rolling operation in one lane closer than 12 inches
to the longitudinal joint until the adjacent lane is placed.
C. Instead of hot joint construction using multiple pavers, the Contractor may use full width
construction with a single unit paver.
D. Compact all cold longitudinal joints on intermediate and surface courses using a three-wheel roller.
E. For surface courses, form or cut all transverse construction joints to a vertical.
F. Seal all cold longitudinal construction joints by coating the entire face of the cold joint with a certified
ODOT Item 702.01 PG binder or 702.13 Rubberized Asphalt Emulsion to provide 100% coverage of
the joint. Overlap the joint edges by at least 1/2 inch. Seal all cold transverse construction joints
with a certified ODOT Item 702.01 PG binder or 702.13 Rubberized Asphalt Emulsion to provide
100% coverage of the joint or with a certified 702.04 asphalt material applied at a rate of 0.25 gallon
per square yard.
G. Transverse joints are required across the pavement being placed for new paving when the
placement of the asphalt mix is to be suspended for a period of time, or across the existing
pavement for resurfacing paving. Locate the transverse joint at the point where the amount of
material in front of the screed is normal. When traffic is not going to pass over the end of the
paving, a vertical full butt joint can be constructed. If traffic will be permitted to travel over the
transverse joint, a tapered butt joint will be necessary.
H. A full butt joint shall be constructed using planing methods in accordance with ODOT Item 254.
I.
Tapered butt joints shall be constructed with a vertical edge formed at the upstream face of the mix
combined with a taper into the downstream face of the mix (existing pavement). The length of the
taper is dependent on the thickness of the course just placed but is typically 4’ long and the width of
the lane being paved. Once the paver is in place, the asphalt mix is shoveled back and a ramp is
formed using a lute or rake. Any asphalt mix that is not used to construct the ramp or taper is
discarded.
401.04
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement for ODOT Items 446 and 448, Asphalt Concrete Surface and /or Intermediate Course
shall be as defined by each separate Item specification.
B. The width and length of the asphalt concrete leveling intermediate course and surface course shall
be as defined in the separate Item specification.
C. Joints shall be measured as determined by the Engineer and by the quantities shown on the bid
schedule for that separate Item specification.
401.05
PAYMENT
Page 34 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
A. Measured quantities in place, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for
each separate specification pay Item.
B. Unit prices shall include full compensation for the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment,
tools, all preparation, mixing, testing and placing of materials, final cleanup and any incidentals
necessary to complete each separate specification Item.
C. There will be no payment under this Item. The City will pay for all work performed and measured as
specified above and in accordance with the appropriate separate specification Item for each item.
** END OF SECTION **
Page 35 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 404 : STRESS ABSORBING MEMBRANE INTERLAYER
(SAMI)
404.01
DESCRIPTION
A. The work shall consist of furnishing all materials, equipment, labor and preparation necessary for
the application of Stress Absorbing Membrane Interlayer. The applied materials shall completely
seal the entire pavement surface, suitable for the placement of hot mixed asphalt, microsurfacing or
a finished product.
404.02
MATERIALS
A. POLYMER MODIFIED BITUMINOUS BINDER
EMULSION PROPERTY
ASTM D-244 SF Viscosity, 50 C
ASTM D-244 PERCENT SOLIDS (%), by distillation or evaporation
ASTM D-244 STORAGE STABILITY, 24 hrs. (%)
ASTM D-244 SIEVE TEST, #20 mesh (%)
MIN
50
70
-
MAX
400
1.0
0.1
The asphalt modifier shall be of a SBS type polymer; Styrene-Butadiene - Styrene. The modifier shall be
added to the asphalt cement prior to the emulsification process.
RESIDUE PROPERTY
ASTM D-5 Penetration, 100 g, 5 sec., 25 C (dmm)
*ASTM D-113, ELASTIC Recovery, 4C, 10cm (%) **
ASTM D-36 Softening Point, Ring and Ball (C)
**ASTM D-4 Force Ductility 4C, 40 cm. ***
MIN
70
70
65
25 PSI
MAX
100
100
-
* The specimen is extended 10 cm. The extended area is severed in the middle by a pair of shears. After 1
hour at the test temperature, the severed ends are returned to contact and the ductilometer reading is read
again. The sample must recover at least 70% of the original 10 cm. distance.
** ASTM D-113 as modified by the addition of a load cell to the standard ductility test apparatus. The load
cell records pounds per square centimeter. Reading is measured at 40 cm. Readings are multiplied by 6.45
2
to yield LBS/IN force required to extend the test specimen.
B. COURSE AGGREGATE
1) The course aggregate shall be 100% crushed material from quarried stone, natural gravel or
other high quality aggregate and meet the following requirements and shall conform to ODOT
Item 703.05:
Page 36 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
TEST
AASHTO T96
S1029*
S1021*
AASHTO T104
PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS
DESCRIPTION
LA Abrasion Test
Deleterious Materials
Crushed Pieces
Sodium Sulfate Soundness Test, 5 cycle
City of Fairborn
SPEC
40% Max.
1.0 Max.
100%
15
GRADING REQUIREMENT (ASTM C-117)
SIEVE SIZE
TYPE I
TYPE II
1”
100%
100%
¾”
100%
90-100%
½”
95-100%
20-50%
No. 4
5-25%
0-10%
No. 8
0-10%
0-5%
No. 200
2%
2%
404.03
EQUIPMENT
A. Equipment shall be safe, environmentally acceptable, and capable of producing a consistent quality
product.
B. SAMI Applicator.
1) The SAMI unit shall be capable of receiving all raw materials, storing those materials in
adequate quantity and applying all materials without stopping to reload.
2) The unit shall include:
a. Speed control used by the operator to control the travel speed of product application.
b. Method for the driver to control the product placement edge from either side of the unit.
c. Digital speed read-put in feet per minute that operates continuously and located in the
operator’s view.
C. Emulsion System.
1) The emulsion system shall include as part of the continuous applicator the following:
a. Minimum tank capacity of 600 GAL, insulated and capable of heating the emulsion to the
desired temperature.
b. Ground speed control device interconnected with the emulsion applicator.
c. Computerized application rate control of the emulsion that automatically adjusts to the travel
speed.
d. Emulsion system capable of accurately and uniformly applying the emulsion to the
pavement and at a forward travel rate of 75 - 200 FPM.
Page 37 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
e. The emulsion application shall produce a uniform thickness across the pavement and the
shutoff shall be instantaneous with no dripping.
f.
The emulsion system shall be capable of maintaining the specified application rate within +
0.02 GAL/SY.
g. Emulsion system shall be capable of placing emulsion in widths of 1’- 16’ and adjustable
while placing material.
D. Aggregate System.
1) The aggregate system shall include as part of the continuous applicator the following:
a. Minimum hopper capacity of 4 CY.
b. Ground speed control device interconnected with the aggregate applicator.
c. Computerized application rate control of the aggregate that automatically adjusts to the
travel speed.
d. Aggregate system shall be capable of accurately and uniformly applying the aggregate and
at the rate of 75 to 200 FPM.
e. The aggregate system shall produce a uniform application, and shall be adjustable to
properly cover exposed emulsion.
f.
The aggregate system shall be capable of maintaining the specified application rate within +
1.0 LBS/SY.
g. Screen to remove oversized aggregate.
h. Aggregate handling system capable of delivering at a minimum 180 TN/HR.
i.
Aggregate applicator shall be capable of placing aggregate in widths of 1’ – 16’ and in any
variable width while placing material.
j.
The aggregate system shall be capable of applying aggregate at an application rate range of
5 to 70 LBS/SY
E. Compacting Equipment.
1) Self-propelled pneumatic-tired rollers, weighing not less than 8 tons shall be used.
F. Miscellaneous.
1) All equipment including hand tools, thermometers, etc., shall be provided. All equipment used
on the roadway shall be equipped with at least one approved flashing, rotating, or oscillating
amber light visible from all sides. All material storage tanks and material handling units shall be
capable of heating and storing materials such as not to cause damage.
404.04
PRE-PAVING ON SITE MEETING
A. A meeting between the Contractor and the Engineer will be held at the project site prior to
beginning work. The agenda for the meeting will include:
Page 38 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
1) Review of Contractor’s detailed work schedule.
2) Review of the traffic control plan.
3) Inspection of equipment.
4) Calibration and adjustment of the equipment.
404.05
MEASUREMENT
A. The Engineer will measure the quantity of pavement repair by the number of cubic yards of
pavement repaired in the complete and accepted work, calculated using the dimensions established
by the Engineer. The Engineer will not measure removal and replacement pavement beyond the
designated limits.
404.06
PAYMENT
A. Payment for this item will be based on the contract unit price per Cubic Yard, completed and
accepted in place by the Engineer, including all labor, materials, tools, testing, and equipment
necessary to complete the work as specified.
ITEM
404
UNIT
SY
DESCRIPTION
STREES ABSORBING MEMBRANE INTERLAYER (SAMI)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 39 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 407 : TACK COAT
407.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of preparing and treating a paved surface with a bituminous material and
cover aggregate, if required.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of Item 407, Tack Coat, of the ODOT “Construction and
Material Specifications” and in conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical cross
sections shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT specification have been listed for the convenience of field
personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
407.02
MEASUREMENT
A. Bituminous material will be measured by the gallon in accordance with ODOT Item 109,
Acceptance, Measurement, and Payments.
407.03
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
407
407
UNIT
GAL
GAL
DESCRIPTION
TACK COAT
TACK COAT FOR INTERMEDIATE COURSE
** END OF SECTION **
Page 40 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 408 : PRIME COAT
408.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of preparing and treating an existing surface with a bituminous material and
cover aggregate, if required.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of Item 408 Prime Coat of the latest edition of the ODOT
“Construction and Material Specifications” and in conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses,
and typical cross sections shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT specification have been listed for the convenience of field
personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
408.02
MEASUREMENT
A. Bituminous material shall be measured by the gallon in accordance with ODOT Item 109
Acceptance, Measurement and Pavement.
408.03
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
408
UNIT
GAL
DESCRIPTION
PRIME COAT
** END OF SECTION **
Page 41 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 421 : MICROSURFACING
421.01
DESCRIPTION
A. Work shall consist of constructing, on a prepared surface, a cold laid bituminous surface coating
composed of a designed mixture of polymerized emulsified asphalt, high durability aggregate,
Portland cement, additives, and water in accordance with these specifications and in close
conformity with the lines shown on plans or established by the Engineer.
421.02
MATERIALS
A. The materials shall be compatible and conform to the requirements provided.
421.03
POLYMERIZED ASPHALT EMULSION
A. (CSS-1HP) shall conform to the following requirements: Tests ASTM D-244, Unless Otherwise
Designated.
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol, ASTM D-88: @ 25 C
Storage Stability Tests, 24-hr. % Difference, max.
Asphalt Content, Residue Method, %, min
Particle Charge Tests
Sieve Tests, % max. (Distilled Water)
20-100 Sec
2
62
Positive
0.10
B. Tests on Distillation Residue:
Penetration, 25 C, 100 g. 5 sec. Dmm, ASTM D-5
Ductility, 25 C, 5 cm/min, cm min, ASTM D-113
Ductility 10 C, 5 cm/min, cm, min, ASTM D-113
Solubility in Trichlorethylene, % min. ASTM D-2042
Ash Content, % max.ASTM D-128
50-80
80 min.
15 min.
97.5
2
C. Tests on Residue from Evaporation:
Softening Point, Ring & Ball,  C, min. ASTM D-36
421.04
57
FINE AGGREGATE
A. The fine aggregate shall be a blend of Dolomitic Limestone and Trap Rock, a darker colored
(gray/black) non-polishing aggregate, crushed to produce 100% fractured particles. The aggregate
blend shall be 70% trap rock 30% limestone with a maximum variance of 5 percent. The final
aggregate blend shall be approved by the Engineer and shall meet the following requirements.
Page 42 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
REQUIREMENT
Sand Equivalent
Soundness
Abrasion Resistance
Aggregate Wear Index
SPECIFICATION
ASTM D-2419
ASTM C-88
ASTM C-131
MTM 112
City of Fairborn
TOLERANCE
Min. 60
Max. 10%
Max. 20%
Min. 300
B. Aggregate Grading Requirements:
Type 2-FA
421.05
SIEVE SIZE
% PASSING
3/8, (9.5 mm)
#4, (4.75 mm)
#8, (2.36 mm)
#16, (1.18 mm)
#30, (600 um)
#50, (330 um)
#100, (150 um)
#200, (75 um)
100
90-100
75-95
50-70
30-50
18-30
10-21
8-15
STOCKPILE
TOLERANCE
NA
 5%
 5%
 5%
 5%
 4%
 3%
 2%
MINERAL FILLER
A. Mineral filler, if required, shall be any recognized brand of non-air-entrained Portland cement that is
free of lumps. The amount of mineral filler required shall be determined by a laboratory mix design.
421.06
ADDITIVES
A. Materials designated in the mix design shall provide for the proper mix consistency and control of
mix and set time.
421.07
WATER
A. The water shall be potable and free from harmful salts and contaminates.
421.08
MIX DESIGN
A. Prior to beginning work the contractor shall submit to the Engineer a complete mix design, prepared
and certified by an approved laboratory. The mix design shall include a job mix formula, (JMF) and
will show that the individual proportions of each of the materials, when combined, will meet the
following mix design criteria. A change in aggregate or asphalt emulsion source will require a new
mix design.
Page 43 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
421.09
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
DESIGN CRITERIA
TEST METHOD
ISSA TB-114
ISSA TB-100
ISSA TB-100
ISSA TB-144
ISSA TB-113
ISSA TB-113
PARAMETER
Wet Stripping
Wet Track Abrasion Loss, One Hour Soak
Wet Track Abrasion Loss, Six Day Soak
Saturated Abrasion Compatibility
Mix Time @ 77 F
Mix Time @ 100 F
SPECIFICATION
90% Min
300 g/m2 Max
700 g/m2 Max
2 g loss, Max
4 minutes, min
2 minutes, min.
A. Notes: Mixture Design Requirements
1) For applications consisting of residential streets, parking lots and areas requiring considerable
hand work the mix time of the mixture shall be adjustable up to a minimum of 5 minutes.
2) For high traffic areas as identified by the Engineer the mixture shall provide a set time that
permits crossing traffic within 15 minutes and full use by traffic within one hour.
B. The JMF shall contain the following limits
SUBSTANCE
ASPHALT BINDER CONTENT (RESIDUAL)
LIMITS
9.0% - 10.5%, 2-FA Aggregate
C. The field application rates shall be within the following limits:
1) Quantity of Mixture (Based on Dry Aggregate)
2) 14 -17 pounds dry aggregate/sq. yd., 2-FA Aggregate
421.10
EQUIPMENT
A. Equipment shall be safe, environmentally acceptable and capable of producing the specified
product. Streets or roadways greater than 2,500 feet in length or 10,000 square yards in surface
area shall require at the direction of the Engineer a continuous run machine that restocks all
component materials during mixture placement.
B. The mixing machine(s) shall be equipped with a conveyer belt aggregate delivery system and an
interconnected positive displacement water-jacketed gear pump to accurately proportion aggregate
and asphalt emulsion. The mineral filler feed system shall be of a type and located so the proper
amount of mineral filler is metered on the aggregate before discharging into the mixer. Water and
additive feed systems shall be capable of accurately proportioning each to the mixer and shall
include controls adjustable by the operator.
C. Material rate indicators for proportioning aggregate and emulsion to the mixer shall be provided and
calibrated to ensure proper proportioning and mixing.
D. The mixture shall be spread by means of a mechanical type spreader, equipped with flexible
material to contact the pavement and prevent material loss from the spreader. It shall be adjustable
for crown and varying grades to assure uniform depth of spread. The spreader shall have a flexible
strike-off and shall be equipped with a mechanical steering device. The final pass or surface
course shall use a secondary strike-off or finishing device attached to the spreader to provide a
finished surface and texture that is satisfactory to the Engineer.
Page 44 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
421.11
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
CONSTRUCTION
A. Contractor shall have a minimum of 5 years experience in designing the mixture, producing final
aggregate blend, calibration of mix paver, application of materials, traffic control and quality control
of the mixture and product application.
421.12
QUALITY CONTROL
A. Contractor shall submit to the Engineer prior to construction a quality control plan that demonstrates
the methods employed by the contractor that will ensure compliance with the specifications and Job
Mix Formula. The Contractor as part of the quality control requirements shall provide for the
processing, selection, blending, sizing and screening of the high durability aggregate to ensure
compliance with the specifications and mix design.
421.13
AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
A. Hand squeegees, shovels and hand equipment shall be provided as necessary to perform the
work.
421.14
SURFACE PREPARATION
A. Prior to spreading the mixture, the existing surface shall be free of all vegetation, loose or unbound
foreign material. All plastic pavement markings and any paint with a heavy build-up shall be
removed using an abrasion method. Drainage structures, monument boxes, water values, etc shall
be protected during material application. Apply a tack coat in accordance with ODOT Item 421.08.
421.15
WEATHER LIMITATIONS
A. The mixture can be placed when the air and pavement temperature is 50 F or above. Placement is
not permitted if there is rain or threatening weather forecasted that will affect curing or if
temperatures are forecast to be below 32 F within 24 hours of placement.
421.16
TRAFFIC CONTROL AND PROTECTION OF COMPLETED WORK
A. No traffic shall be allowed on the freshly laid mixture until it has satisfactorily cured point where it
will not be damaged by traffic. Contractor shall be responsible for the furnishing and placing of
barricades, lights and signs to protect the work until final curing or accepted by the Engineer.
B. The contractor is responsible placing no parking signs and for the notification of all residents and
businesses on each street 14 hours in advance of placing the Black-Mat material. Notifications
shall be approved by the Engineer and hand delivered.
421.17
SURFACE QUALITY
A. The finished surface shall cover the entire pavement as shown on the plans or as directed by the
Engineer and be free from excessive scratch marks, tears, rippling, and other surface irregularities.
Longitudinal construction joints and lane edges shall coincide as much as possible with any
proposed lane lines and edge lines. Curb edges and longitudinal joints shall be straight and
adjoining passes shall not overlap by more than 3 inches. Overlap on concrete curb edge joints
shall be not greater than 1 inch. Transverse joints shall be uniform and neat and shall provide a
smooth transition.
Page 45 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
421.18
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ACCEPTANCE
A. At completion of work the contractor and the Engineer shall review the work for surface quality
requirements and compliance with specifications. Any corrective work shall be completed prior to
acceptance.
421.19
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for Microsurfacing, shall be the actual number of square yards of
pavement treated in accordance with specifications and as accepted by the engineer.
421.20
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
421
UNIT
SY
DESCRIPTION
MICROSURFACING
** END OF SECTION **
Page 46 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 423 : CRACK SEALING, HOT APPLIED
423.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This work consists of preparing and sealing pavement cracks with a hot applied crack sealant.
B. The Engineer will designate the location of the cracks to be sealed.
423.02
MATERIALS
A. Furnish hot applied crack sealant, of the type specified, conforming to:
Type I.................. ODOT 705.04
Type II................. ODOT 702.17.B
Type III................ ODOT 702.17.C
Type IV............... ODOT 702.17.D
B. Obtain the Laboratory’s approval of Type I crack sealant before shipping to the project. Obtain
approval of other crack sealants according to ODOT Item 702.17.
423.03
EQUIPMENT
A. Equipment used in the performance of this work is subject to the Engineer’s approval and to the
requirements of ODOT Item 108.05.
B. For Type I crack sealant, heat the sealant in a kettle constructed as a double boiler, with the space
between the inner and outer shells filled with oil or other heat-transfer fluid. Use a kettle with
positive temperature control of the oil bath, and provide a mixing vat, mechanical agitation, and recirculating pumps. Do not apply direct heat to the sealant.
C. For Types II, III, and IV crack sealants, heat the sealant in a kettle constructed as a double boiler,
with the space between the inner and outer shells filled with oil or other heat-transfer fluid. Use a
kettle with separate thermometers for the oil bath and mixing vat. Equip the kettle with a full sweep
type agitator. Also, equip the kettle with a 2” minimum re-circulating pump to provide circulation of
the materials when not applying the crack sealant. Do not apply direct heat to the sealant.
D. For Types I and IV crack sealants, use a mechanical applicator wand capable of continuously
feeding the sealant through nozzles shaped to penetrate the cracks. A positive sealant flow shutoff
mechanism is required. Ensure that the wand produces a band according to the tolerances of
ODOT Item 423.07.
E. For Types II and III crack sealants, use a mechanical applicator wand head capable of placing the
crack sealant according to the tolerances of ODOT Item 423.07 while filling the cracks. A positive
sealant flow shutoff mechanism is required.
F. Use portable air compressors capable of furnishing at least 100 PSI of air pressure at the nozzle.
Use compressors equipped with traps that maintain the compressed air free of oil and water.
Page 47 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
G. Use water cleaning equipment capable of delivering water at 2,000 PSI of pressure from a nozzle to
the crack being cleaned.
H. Use a propane lance unit capable of producing a blast of hot air that operates at 1,000°F and a gas
velocity of 2,000 FPS.
I.
Use mechanical and power driven routing and sawing equipment capable of following close to the
path of cracks and of widening the cracks to the required dimension without causing excessive
spalling or damage to the adjacent pavement. For sawing equipment, use diamond saw blades
with a diameter of 8” or less.
J. Equipment shall be safe, environmentally acceptable and capable of producing the specified
product. Streets or roadways greater than 2,500 FT in length or 10,000 SY in surface area shall
require, at the direction of the Engineer, a continuous run machine that restocks all component
materials during mixture placement.
423.04
CONSTRUCTION
A. Do not seal cracks if the surface is visibly damp or the temperature is below 45°F.
B. If routing is specified, rout cracks with an opening less than ¾” to provide a sealant reservoir with a
nominal size of ¾” wide by 1” deep.
C. If sawing is specified, saw all cracks to ¾” to 7/8” wide and 7/8” to 1” deep. Use hand tools or a
lightweight chipping hammer to remove all slivers of asphalt concrete less than 1” wide remaining
along the crack after sawing. Immediately before sealing, sandblast both faces of the sawed crack
to remove all contamination and to texture the faces. If the crack below the sealant reservoir is
greater than 3/8” wide, insert a backer rod into the crack to form the bottom of the reservoir at the
proper depth.
D. Before applying the hot sealant, clean cracks by an approved method or methods to remove dust,
dirt, moisture, vegetation, and other foreign material. Keep the cracks clean and dry until all sealing
operations are completed.
E. For Type II and Type III, use weigh tickets in determining the specified proportion of fiber to blend
into the binder. Add fibers to the binder, and mix thoroughly in the kettle. Do not allow the
temperature of the sealant in the field application to exceed the safe heating temperature
recommended by the manufacturer. Do not heat Type III crack sealant greater than 295°F.
F. Perform the crack sealing operation within 250 FT of the cleaning operation.
G. Seal only cracks that are wide enough to permit entry of sealant. Seal tightly closed cracks (less
than ¼” wide) only if they show signs of raveling or spalling. Do not seal cracks greater than 1”
wide, and do not seal spalls or cavities greater than 4” wide, unless otherwise directed.
H. For Types I and IV crack sealants, fill the entire crack reservoir with the sealant from the bottom up
to approximately 1/16” above the pavement surface. Immediately scrape the filled cracks with a Vshaped or U-shaped squeegee, or similar hand tool, to smooth the overfill. This may require more
than one application of sealant. The Engineer will not accept the work if the band of sealant on the
pavement surface is greater than 2” wide.
Page 48 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
I.
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
For Types II and III crack sealants, place the sealant such that it fills the cracks with a band of
sealant within 2” to 4” wide. The Engineer will not accept the work if the thickness on the pavement
is greater than 3/16”.
J. Do not allow traffic on the sealant until it has cured and the possibility of tracking no longer exists.
However, if the Engineer determines it is necessary to allow traffic to pass over the sealant before
adequate curing, dust Portland cement or other approved material over sealed cracks to eliminate
pickup or tracking.
423.05
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement of the work shall be by the number of pounds (LB) of hot applied sealant in place,
completed, and accepted by the Engineer.
423.06
PAYMENT
A. The quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price for the pay
item listed below that is shown in the bid schedule, which price shall be full compensation for
furnishing all material and for all labor, equipment, tools, final cleanup and incidentals necessary to
complete the item.
ITEM
UNIT
DESCRIPTION
423
LB
CRACK SEALING, TYPE I
423
LB
CRACK SEALING WITH ROUTING, TYPE I
423
LB
CRACK SEALING WITH SAWING, TYPE I
423
LB
CRACK SEALING, TYPE II
423
LB
CRACK SEALING, TYPE III
423
LB
CRACK SEALING, TYPE II OR TYPE III
423
LB
CRACK SEALING, TYPE IV
** END OF SECTION **
Page 49 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 425 : BITUMINOUS BASE RECLAMATION
425.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item covers the furnishing of all labor, materials, tools, testing, and equipment necessary to
reclaim bituminous roadways, as specified below, and to form an asphaltic stabilized base.
B. Work shall consist of pulverizing the existing bituminous pavement to a depth of 8”, or to the bottom
of the existing base, whichever is less, adding new stabilizing agents as specified, blending the
material, adding water as necessary, shaping, rolling and compacting the resultant material mix to
lines and grades shown on the plans, or as directed by the Engineer. When plans are not included,
lines and grades shall parallel existing lines and grades.
425.02
MATERIALS
A. All pulverized material shall pass the 2-inch sieve and shall meet the following gradation:
Required Reclaimed Base Gradation*
SIEVE SIZE
% PASSING
2”
100
1”
70-100
1/2”
55-90
#4
40-75
#40
10-30
#200
3-10
Residual AC
2-4
*Gradation may vary due to local aggregate conditions
B. Lime Kiln Dust (LKD), a lime-based admixture, shall be used to stabilize poor soils and/or wet soils.
C. Calciment, as supplied by Mintek Resources, Inc., Beavercreek, OH 45434, or approved equal,
shall be used as the LKD in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and
recommendations, and as directed by the Engineer.
D. Processed Aggregate which is added to the pulverized roadway material shall conform to ODOT
Item 304, when required or as directed by the Engineer.
425.03
EQUIPMENT
A. Reclamation will be by means of a traveling rotary reclaimer or pug mill or equivalent machine
capable of cutting through the required depths specified herein with one pass. The machine shall be
self-propelled and equipped with an adjustable grading blade thus leaving its path generally smooth
for traffic. (Equipment such as road planers or cold milling machines, which are designed to mill or
shred the existing bituminous concrete rather than to crush or fracture it, are not considered
capable of achieving specification gradation.) Existing bituminous concrete and gravel/aggregate
Page 50 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
base must be pulverized and mixed so as to form a homogeneous mass of uniformly processed
base material, which will bond together when compacted.
B. The distributor for the LKD shall be capable of applying the dry powder stabilizing material in a
manner to be uniformly mixed with the pulverized material and the proper amount of water to obtain
optimum moisture and strength conditions of the mix.
C. At least one vibratory roller shall be used on each reclaimed surface, and shall have a compacting
width of not less than 5 feet. Each roller shall have a gross weight of not less than 15 tons.
425.04
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
A. The existing road pavement surface shall be planed 2” down in preparation for reclamation of the
base.
B. The exposed road surface shall be pulverized and mixed with the base course material existing in
the roadway to a depth of 8”-12”. Pulverization shall blend the asphalt and base material into a
homogeneous mass, utilizing the asphalt acquired from the existing pavement as a stabilizer which
shall bond the material together when compacted. The base material shall be uniformly pulverized
to a maximum size of 2”, except that 5% of the material may be oversized provided it will not
adversely affect the stability and structural integrity of the base nor interfere with the shaping
operations. Any material greater than 3” will not be acceptable in the pulverized mix.
C. The LKD shall be applied as a dry powder and in a manner to be uniformly mixed with the
pulverized material, in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and recommendations.
Dust shall be kept to a minimum.
D. Water shall be applied during the entire operation to ensure optimum moisture at the time of
compaction and at a rate to obtain optimum strength conditions of the mix.
E. In the event too much water is in the pulverized mix, the material shall be disked with additional
LKD, per manufacturer’s specifications and recommendations, and left to dry until optimum
compaction can be attained.
F. After the material has been thoroughly worked as described above it shall be shaped and graded to
the lines and elevations as indicated on the plans, or as directed by the Engineer.
G. Reclamation shall continue until the pulverized material meets the gradation requirements set
herein, or as acceptable to the Engineer.
H. The Contractor shall be responsible for coordinating work with all utility companies to locate, identify
and mark all utility structures as necessary. The Contractor must not damage any existing
manholes, catch basins, valve boxes or other castings which may be located in the surface of the
road. Any damage to these structures shall be repaired by the Contractor at the Contractor’s
expense.
I.
The work shall be constructed on no more than 1/2 the roadway width at any time to allow for the
passage of through traffic. Access to properties within the project limits is to be provided as
necessary. Maintenance and protection of traffic, dust control and daily clean-up throughout the
project area shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.
J. If paving is not to be done soon following the reclamation, then the pulverized mass shall be rolled,
shaped and rough graded to allow passage of emergency vehicles and the traveling public, as
Page 51 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
directed by the Engineer.
425.05
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement for the reclaimed materials will be based on the number of square yards (SY)
reclaimed, placed, graded, compacted, accepted to the limits shown on the plans and as accepted
by the Engineer.
B. Measurement for the LKD material, or approved equal, will be based on the number of tons (TN)
used for the accepted reclaimed quantities and as accepted by the Engineer.
425.06
PAYMENT
A. Payment for this item will be based on the contract unit price per Square Yard, completed and
accepted in place, including all labor, materials, tools, testing, and equipment necessary to
complete the work as specified.
ITEM
425
425
UNIT
SY
TN
DESCRIPTION
Bituminous Base Pulverizing and Shaping
LKD stabilizer, or approved equal
** END OF SECTION **
Page 52 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 448 : ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
448.01
DESCRIPTION
A. Work covered in this item consists of furnishing the labor, materials and equipment to apply hot
asphalt concrete to various streets within the City of Fairborn as an intermediate course and as a
surface course.
B. The latest edition of the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT), Construction and Material
Specifications (CMS) shall govern this work except as hereinafter modified and/or supplemented.
C. Quantities shown on the “Estimated Quantities” sheet are approximate only, and are for the
purpose of obtaining unit prices. The City reserves the right to increase or decrease any or all
quantities or streets as may be deemed necessary without affecting the unit prices.
D. The City of Fairborn reserves the right to (and may) delete, add, or substitute any street identified
for resurfacing and/or pavement removal. No additional compensation will be paid to the contractor
due to any deletion, addition, or substitution, except to pay for quantities used.
448.02
MATERIALS
A. The aggregate used in Item 448 shall be virgin limestone, properly graded for the thicknesses
specified. Recycled asphalt concrete shall not be permitted in the mix. Rubberized asphalt shall
not be permitted in the mix.
B. ODOT Item 448, Type 1, PG 64-22, shall be used for surface course pavement.
C. ODOT Item 448, Type 2, PG 64-22, shall be used for intermediate course pavement.
D. All materials shall comply with the specifications as indicated under each ODOT item. Construction
and materials shall conform to Sections 400 through 407, Section 301, and Section 700 of the 2010
Edition of the ODOT CMS, unless otherwise noted in the Supplementary Specifications.
E. No consideration will be given to a proposal for alternative products. The Engineer specifically
reserves the right to reject the use of alternative products and requires the Contractor to use the
specified materials.
F. When so requested by the Engineer, the Contractor shall submit samples of bituminous materials
and aggregates he proposes to use. Such samples may be required for testing by the Contractor,
as directed by the Engineer. The Engineer specifically reserves the right to require that all the
asphaltic cement supplied under this contract meets bitumen content equal to or greater than the
job sample.
448.03
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
A. Streets to be resurfaced may require pavement removal prior to the laying of the asphaltic concrete.
If, at the time the contractor is ready to resurface the street, any additional cleaning and sweeping is
required, the contractor shall do so prior to the application of the tack-coat. The Engineer shall
Page 53 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
determine if additional sweeping is required, and no additional payment will be made for this work.
B. The Contractor shall construct the asphalt surface course with seven (7) working days (excluding
Saturday, Sunday or Holidays) after surface-grinding has been completed for a specific street. The
Engineer reserves the sole right to make the determination as to when grinding is completed and
when resurfacing is completed.
C. Pre-mix material, placed around the manholes, water-valve boxes, etc., must be completely
removed prior to the application of the tack-coat.
D. The Contractor shall be responsible for adjusting and/or replacing any manhole casting, water-valve
box or monument assembly located within the roadway, as specified.
E. The Contractor shall be responsible for signing and maintaining the roadway surface. The
minimum requirements do not relieve the contractor of any responsibility of providing additional
signs as needed.
F. A tack-coat is required on all streets which are resurfaced. The tack-coat shall be applied using a
pressure distributor and shall be emulsified asphalt, meeting the specifications for ODOT Item 407
at the rate specified. In areas where it is impractical to apply the tack-coat with the distributor, it
shall be applied with a pressure operated spray when this method is approved by the Engineer.
G. Prior to the application of the tack-coat, any areas of free-standing water accumulated on the
roadway within the area of proposed resurfacing shall be removed. In no instance will the tack-coat
be applied during periods of rain and tacking operations already in progress will be stopped in the
event of rain. Tacking operations will not be resumed without the approval of the Engineer.
H. After the asphalt tack material has been applied, it shall be allowed to cure or dry and achieve a
proper condition of tackiness before the asphaltic concrete is constructed. The tack-coat shall be
applied only so far in advance of the laying of the asphaltic concrete as is necessary to obtain the
proper condition of tackiness.
I.
Until the asphaltic concrete is applied, the contractor shall protect the tack-coat from all traffic or
damage. Tacked areas not covered with asphaltic concrete the same day may need to be retacked when paving is resumed. The Engineer shall make this determination.
J. Construct each layer of asphalt concrete pavement to the lines and grades per plans, or as directed
by the Engineer.
K. Compaction of each layer shall be performed by the proper selection of vibratory roller equipment,
using the proper frequency and speed to obtain maximum density of the layer within the allowable
temperature requirement of the material.
L. After the final application of asphaltic concrete and its compaction, the Contractor shall seal all
transverse joints and longitudinal joints along the curb or gutter with PG–64–22. This work must be
completed within 48 hours after resurfacing. The cost shall be included in the unit cost of the Item
448 asphalt concrete surface course.
M. Any work at the driveway approaches, that may be required because of grade changes, shall be
performed by the Contractor using materials and methods covered by these specifications without
additional compensation other than that for resurfacing of the roadway.
Page 54 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
448.04
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
A. Weight slips must accompany each truck of asphalt material delivered to the site. Stockpiling
materials shall not be permitted. The Engineer will collect and tabulate the weight slips for each
truck load of accepted asphalt concrete in place with the square yardage and thickness installed.
448.05
PAYMENT
A. Payment will be for accepted quantities installed at the contract prices as follows:
ITEM
448
UNIT
CY
448
CY
448
CY
DESCRIPTION
ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT, TYPE 1 – SURFACE CRSE
ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT, TYPE 1 – SURFACE CRSE (D/W
APPROACH)
ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT, TYPE 2 – INTERMEDIATE CRSE
** END OF SECTION **
Page 55 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 452 : NON-REINFORCED PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
PAVEMENT
452.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of constructing a Portland cement concrete pavement on a prepared
subgrade or base course in accordance with these specifications and in conformance with the lines,
grades, thicknesses and typical cross sections shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of ODOT Item 452 Non-Reinforced Portland Cement
Concrete Pavement of the latest edition of the ODOT “Construction and Material Specifications”
except that:
1) Reinforcing steel mats are not required.
2) Transverse contraction joints shall be doweled where they are located in mainline pavement,
ramps, acceleration/deceleration lanes, or collector/distributor lanes. Concrete shoulders on the
above do not require dowels unless the joints are located within 500’ of a pressure relief joint.
3) Contraction joints shall be spaced at a maximum of 16’. Where ODOT Item 452, Plain Portland
Cement Concrete Pavement, is specified for shoulders and the shoulder pavement is tied
longitudinally to ODOT Item 451, Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete Pavement, or ODOT
Item 305, Portland Cement Concrete Base, the joints in the shoulder pavement shall match the
spacing, alignment, sawing, and sealing requirements of the adjacent pavement.
4) Construction joints shall not be located closer than 6’ to another parallel joint.
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT specification have been listed for the convenience of field
personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
452.02
MATERIALS
A. Concrete shall conform to ODOT Item 499, Concrete - General, Class C.
452.03
OPENING TO TRAFFIC
A. The completed pavement may be used for traffic, including construction traffic, when 7 days have
elapsed. The pavement may be opened to traffic when 5 days have elapsed, provided that a
modulus of rupture of 600 psi has been attained. In the event it is necessary to open a portion of
the pavement in less than 5 days, high early strength concrete in accordance with ODOT Item
499.03, Proportioning, shall be used. The portion of pavement may be opened after 3 days
provided test beams attain a modulus of rupture of 600 psi.
452.04
COLD WEATHER CONCRETING
A. Cold weather concreting shall meet the requirements of Section 497 and ACI 306R-88, Cold
Weather Concreting.
Page 56 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
452.05
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for “Plain Portland Cement Concrete Pavement” shall be the number of
square yards completed and accepted in place at the specified thickness. The width for
measurement will be the width of the pavement shown on the typical cross sections of the plans or
as otherwise directed in writing by the Engineer. The length will be measured horizontally along the
centerline of each roadway.
452.06
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
A. The accepted quantities of concrete pavement shall be made on the basis of the unit price bid per
square yard. However, for pavement found deficient in thickness, the Engineer has the option of
accepting the deficient pavement and only the reduced price stipulated in ODOT Item 451.17,
Pavement Thickness, shall be paid. At the direction of the Engineer, pavement found deficient in
thickness shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor’s expense.
A. No additional payment over the unit contract bid price will be made for any pavement which has an
average thickness in excess of that shown on the plans.
ITEM
UNIT
452
SY
DESCRIPTION
NON-REINFORCED PORTLAND CEMENT
CONCRETE PAVEMENT ( ____“)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 57 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 454 : CONCRETE DRIVE APPROACHES
454.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the construction of concrete drive approaches of the type called for on the
plans, constructed on a prepared foundation in accordance with these specifications and in
conformance to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the plans or established by the
Engineer.
B. Unless otherwise provided for by specific items in the bid schedule, this item will include the work
necessary to remove existing drive approaches, the excavation to the required grade and removal
of unsuitable foundation material and the furnishing and placing of backfill and base course
materials.
C. See Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details.
454.02
MATERIALS
A. Base course materials shall be 6" ODOT 304.
B. Concrete shall be Class "C" with 6% nominal air meeting the requirements of ODOT Item 499,
Concrete - General.
C. 1/2" pre-molded joint filler conforming to the requirements of ODOT Item 705.03.
D. Liquid membrane curing compound conforming to ASTM C-309 or AASHTO M-148, Type II.
E. Curing materials (burlap cloth, sheet materials/blankets) conforming to ODOT Items 705.05 and
705.06.
454.03
BASE COURSE CONSTRUCTION
A. Excavation shall be made to the required depth and width that will permit the installation of forms,
and all soft or otherwise unsuitable material shall be excavated and backfilled with approved
compacted material. Unless noted otherwise on the plans or special provisions, a base course at
least 6” thick, or to the depth as shown on the plans, shall be placed and thoroughly compacted. All
roots under the approach will be removed and replaced with subbase by the contractor with no cost
to the project.
454.04
FORMING
A. Forms may be of metal or wood, but shall be of an approved section and of sufficient strength to
retain their shape under pressure of the concrete. Forms shall be securely staked to line and
grade. All forms must be inspected by the City Engineering Department prior to placement. All
placements must be formed.
Page 58 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
454.05
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
PLACING AND FINISHING
A. Placing and finishing of concrete shall be in accordance with the applicable requirements of ODOT
Item 451.06, Placing Concrete, and ODOT Item 451.09, Finishing, except that mechanical
consolidation will not be required. When directed by the Engineer, the drive approach shall be
given a rough float finish in lieu of those specified in ODOT Item 451.09.
B. Curb returns, when required by the drawings, shall be placed integrally with the drive approach.
D. Any new concrete surfaces disfigured shall be replaced at the contractor’s cost.
E. If any concrete, asphalt, etc. not to be removed is damaged by the Contractor, must be replaced at
his own cost after City Inspector has documented it.
F. The Contractor shall not allow any concrete wash water from ready-mix trucks, washing of tools
or construction operations to flow into any streets, ditches, storm drains, water conveyances, or
other areas where water runoff may flow into such structures. The Contractor shall present a
written plan on procedures to deal with the concrete wash water prior to excavation.
454.06
JOINTS
A. 1/2" pre-molded joint filler shall be placed at junctions with curbs and sidewalks and at the property
line when the drive approach is placed against an existing concrete drive.
B. Contraction joints shall be placed as shown on the plans.
454.07
CURING
A. The concrete shall be cured in accordance with the provisions of ODOT Item 451.10, Curing. Only
white pigmented curing compound shall be approved.
454.08
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for “Concrete Drive Approaches” shall be the number of square feet of
concrete drive approaches completed in place and accepted. When curb returns are constructed
integrally with drives they shall be included in the measurement.
454.09 PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
454
454
UNIT
SF
SF
DESCRIPTION
CONCRETE DRIVE APPROACH, (6”) THICK
CONCRETE DRIVE APPROACH, (8”) THICK
** END OF SECTION **
Page 59 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 461 : CONCRETE GRINDING
461.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of grinding the edges of raised panels of concrete to eliminate trip hazards.
461.02
REQUIREMENTS
A. Grinding of sidewalk trip hazards that are less than 2” may be acceptable in lieu of replacement.
B. Removal of sidewalk trip hazards by grinding must meet ADA standards of no more than a 1:12
slope.
C. A two-step grinding process is required, using a GA-10 Heavy Duty Scarifier, or equivalent. Step
one shall use 8-point carbide cutters to achieve the 1:12 slope. Step two shall use 12-point
hardened steel cutters to remove rough grind marks and smooth the surface of the concrete to
prevent premature deterioration.
D. Removal of all dust and debris shall be the responsibility of the contractor. Cleanup and removal
shall be done immediately upon completion of grinding.
461.03
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement for payment shall be based on lineal feet of grinding acceptably completed.
461.04
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
461
UNIT
LF
DESCRIPTION
CONCRETE GRINDING
** END OF SECTION **
Page 60 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 497 : COLD WEATHER NON-REINFORCED CONCRETE
PAVEMENT
497.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of constructing a Portland cement concrete pavement under cold weather
conditions, on a prepared subgrade or base course in accordance with these specifications and in
conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses and typical cross sections shown on the plans,
established herein or as directed by the Engineer.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of ODOT Item 452 Non-Reinforced Portland Cement
Concrete Pavement of the latest edition of the ODOT “Construction and Material Specifications”,
except that:
1) Transverse contraction joints shall be doweled where they are located in mainline pavement,
ramps, acceleration/deceleration lanes, or collector/distributor lanes. Concrete shoulders on the
above do not require dowels unless the joints are located within 500’ of a pressure relief joint.
2) Contraction joints shall be spaced at a maximum of 16’. Where ODOT Item 452, NonReinforced Portland Cement Concrete Pavement, is specified for shoulders and the shoulder
pavement is tied longitudinally to ODOT Item 451, Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete
Pavement, or ODOT Item 305, Portland Cement Concrete Base, the joints in the shoulder
pavement shall match the spacing, alignment, sawing, and sealing requirements of the adjacent
pavement.
3) Construction joints shall not be located closer than 6’ to another parallel joint.
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT specification have been listed for the convenience of field
personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
D. City of Fairborn Engineering Specification Item 452 shall apply.
E. Cold weather concreting shall meet the requirements of ACI 306R-88, Cold Weather Concreting,
unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
497.02
MATERIALS
B. Concrete shall conform to ODOT Item 499, Concrete - General, Class C. Coarse aggregate shall
be No. 57 or 67 Limestone, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.
B. Thickness for all concrete street pavement shall be 8” minimum, unless directed otherwise by the
Engineer.
C. Thickness for all concrete sidewalk shall be 4” minimum, except that sidewalk through the driveway
shall be 6” minimum, unless directed otherwise by the Engineer (sidewalk through the driveway at
commercial property may be 8” minimum).
D. Type III Portland Cement, High Early Cement, or an additional 100 LBS of cement per CY of
concrete, in excess of the design mix, may be used to accelerate strength.
E. Coarse aggregate for small depth repair of concrete shall be No. 8 and/or 9, as directed by the
Engineer.
F. Admixtures to the mix design shall first be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
Page 61 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
497.03
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
OPENING TO TRAFFIC
B. The completed pavement may be used for traffic, including construction traffic, when 7 days have
elapsed. The pavement may be opened to traffic when 5 days have elapsed, provided that a
modulus of rupture of 600 psi has been attained. In the event it is necessary to open a portion of
the pavement in less than 5 days, High Early cement concrete in accordance with ODOT Item
499.03, Proportioning, shall be used. The portion of pavement may be opened after 3 days
provided test beams attain a modulus of rupture of 600 psi.
497.04 COLD WEATHER CONCRETING CONSTRUCTION
A. Cold weather concreting shall meet the requirements of ACI 306R-88, Cold Weather Concreting
along with the provisions in this item.
B. Cold weather is defined as a period when, for more than 3 consecutive days, the following
conditions exist:
1) Average daily air temperature is less than 40°F, and
2) Air temperature is not greater than 50°F for more than one-half of any 24-hr period.
C. The average daily air temperature is the average of the highest and the lowest temperatures
occurring during the period from midnight to midnight.
D. Do not place concrete until the ambient air temperature is a minimum 32°F and rising.
E. When air temperatures are forecast to be at or below 40 F°, concrete shall be batched using hot
water and 2% calcium or a non-chloride accelerator, i.e. PolarSet, or approved equal, meeting
ASTM C-494, Type C.
F. Flatwork exposed to melting snow during daytime and freezing during nighttime shall have air
entrainment and be protected from freezing until strength of at least 3,500 psi has been attained.
G. Slump shall be lower than normal (less than 4”) to minimize bleed water and hasten set time.
Excessive bleedwater shall be skimmed off prior to toweling by using a rope or hose.
H. Mixing water shall be at a consistent, regulated temperature, and in sufficient quantity to avoid
appreciable fluctuations in temperature of the concrete from batch to batch. Avoid cement balls in
cement mixers from premature contact with hot water and concentrated quantities of cement.
I.
All snow, ice, and frost must be removed before placement of concrete. Hot-air jets can be used to
remove frost, snow, and ice from forms, reinforcement, and other embedded items. Use thermal
blankets to protect base material prior to concrete placement. In no case shall concrete be placed
on frozen subgrade material. If necessary, the thawed material should be re-compacted.
J. Protection of concrete must be provided immediately after placement. Arrangements for covering,
insulating, housing, or heating newly placed concrete shall be made before placement. Secure
thermal blankets on newly placed concrete for seven (7) days minimum. Method for insulating the
concrete shall first be approved by the Engineer. Failure to properly secure blankets resulting in
exposure of the newly placed concrete to below freezing temperatures may be cause for the City to
require the contractor to provide an additional five (5) year bond.
K. The approved method of protection shall be adequate to achieve, in all sections of the concrete
placed, the temperature and moisture conditions recommended in ACI 306. Insulation must be kept
in close contact with the concrete or the form surface to be effective. Corners and edges are
particularly vulnerable during cold weather and, therefore, the thickness of insulation for these parts
shall be three times the thickness provided over the interior section.
L. Removal of insulation must first be approved by the Engineer.
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497.05
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for “Non-Reinforced Portland Cement Concrete Pavement” shall be the
number of square yards (SY) completed and accepted in place at the specified thickness. The
width for measurement will be the width of the pavement shown on the typical cross sections of the
plans or as otherwise directed in writing by the Engineer. The length will be measured horizontally
along the centerline of each pavement.
497.06
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price, per square
yard.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, final cleanup
and any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
C. For pavement found deficient in thickness, the Engineer has the option of accepting the deficient
pavement and only the reduced price stipulated in ODOT Item 451.17, Pavement Thickness, shall
be paid. Otherwise, at the direction of the Engineer, pavement found deficient in thickness shall be
removed and replaced at the Contractor’s expense.
D. No additional payment over the unit contract bid price will be made for any pavement which has an
average thickness in excess of that shown on the plans.
ITEM
497
UNIT
SY
DESCRIPTION
COLD WEATHER NON-REINFORCED
CONCRETE PAVEMENT
** END OF SECTION **
Page 63 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 498 : ANTI-GRAFFITI COATING SYSTEM
498.01
DESCRIPTION
A.
This item shall consist of the application of a two component, solvent based aliphatic urethane
anti-graffiti coating system to prepared concrete surface structures for protecting those
surfaces that must be cleaned frequently to remove graffiti. The coating shall be a permanent
type (non-sacrificial).
B.
Work under this item shall include the preparation of the surface, including removal of graffiti,
patching of concrete as directed by the Engineer and cleaning the surface of all dirt, grease,
oil, dust, etc.
C.
Application of the anti-graffiti coating system shall be a three part process using 1) a primer
coat, then 2) a base coat, and finally 3) a top coat, in accordance with the manufacturer’s
specifications and recommendations.
498.02
MATERIALS
A.
Primer coat shall be water based emulsion of 100% acrylic polymer solids and modifiers;
TAMM H/P Primer, as manufactured by The Euclid Chemical Company, Cleveland, Ohio, or
approved equal.
B.
Base and top coats shall be a two part solvent based aliphatic urethane; TAMM AG-400, as
manufactured by The Euclid Chemical Company, Cleveland, Ohio, or approved equal. Base
coat shall be pigmented a light grey color. Top coat shall be a clear satin.
C.
Concrete patching and repair material shall be a non-shrink, rapid setting, high strength,
hydraulic cement complying with ASTM C 928 R-3 and ASTM C 1107.
D.
Materials shall be stored, mixed and protected in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations and specifications.
498.03
PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY
A.
New graffiti removal should not be attempted until 48 hours after the coating system
application. Remove graffiti as soon as possible after the defacing by working on small areas
at a time. Use commercially available removers and apply in accordance with the
manufacturers recommendations.
B.
Store coating materials at temperatures between 50°F to 90°F and protect from moisture.
C.
Provide adequate ventilation and use proper safety equipment during application.
D.
Flammable materials shall be kept away from flames and provide proper protection during
application. Notify the local Fire Department of the materials to be used, location and work
schedule upon starting.
E.
Consult the Material Safety Data Sheets of all materials before use.
498.04
A.
SURFACE PREPARATION
Surface must be structurally sound, clean, dry and free of laitance, dust, dirt, oil, coatings,
form release agents and other contaminants before application of anti-graffiti coating system.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
B.
Remove defective concrete, honeycombs, cavities and other defects by routing to sound
material. Rebuild areas with specified patching material, in accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendations and specifications. Smooth, pre-cast and formed concrete
surfaces must be cleaned, roughened and made absorptive by mechanical means.
C.
Remove all graffiti from areas receiving anti-graffiti coating using hydro-blasting technology.
Ensure all federal, state, and local environmental regulations are met when removing graffiti.
Removal of graffiti shall be included in the unit price for this work item.
D.
Ensure all concrete patch work has cured a minimum of 30 days before applying anti graffiti
coating system.
498.05
APPLICATION
A.
Set up a test patch to evaluate coverage rates and appearance, to be approved by the
Engineer.
B.
Consider wind direction, velocity and geographic location during application as having an
impact on cleaning and anti-graffiti coating operations. If conditions are such that material is
dispersed to areas where vehicles or other property may be damaged, suspend operations
until conditions improve enough to permit work without damage.
C.
Protect all surfaces not intended to be coated, which are adjacent to, or in close proximity to
the surfaces to be coated, during the application of anti-graffiti coating.
D.
Do not mix or apply anti-graffiti coating materials at surface temperatures below 50°F or above
90°F, or when relative humidity is higher than 90%.
E.
Do not mix or apply coating materials when precipitation is expected within 12 hours of the
completion of application or the relative humidity is above 90%.
F.
Apply primer by brush, short nap roller or airless spray equipment.
G. Apply anti-graffiti base coat as soon as the primer is tack free but no later than 18 hours after
primer application. Base coat may be applied by brush, short nap roller or airless spray
equipment in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations and specification.
H.
Apply anti-graffiti top coat after the base coat is dry but no longer than 24 hours. Top coat
may be applied by brush, short nap roller or airless spray equipment in accordance with
manufacturer’s recommendations and specification.
I.
When spraying coating materials, use a cross coat technique of a horizontal spray coat
followed by a uniform, overlapping vertical spray coat. All runs and sags should be rolled
before they dry. Observe all safety precautions during spraying.
J.
Remove all coating identified by the Engineer as damaged or not meeting these
Specifications, in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Prepare the surface
and reapply the coating in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and as
specified herein, at no additional cost to the Owner.
498.06
METHOD OF MEASURE
A.
Quantity to be paid for will be plan quantity, in square feet (SF), of the area of anti-graffiti
coating completed and accepted by the Engineer.
B.
The area will be based on the surface area shown in the plans with no allowance for surface
texture or variable depth surface profiles.
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498.07
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
PAYMENT
A.
Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for
each pay items listed in the table, per bid schedule.
B.
Unit price shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, final
cleanup and any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
498
UNIT
SF
DESCRIPTION
NON-SACRIFICIAL ANTI-GRAFFITI COATING SYSTEM
** END OF SECTION **
Page 66 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 499 : CONCRETE - GENERAL
499.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of proportioning and mixing Portland cement concrete.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of Item 499 of the ODOT “Construction and Material
Specifications” and in conformance with the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical cross sections
shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
C. Unless otherwise specified and approved by the Engineer, Class C concrete shall be used meeting
the specifications of Item 452 herein.
499.02
COLD WEATHER CONCRETING
A. Cold weather concreting shall meet the requirements of Section 497 and ACI 306R-88, Cold
Weather Concreting.
499.03
PAYMENT
A. There will be no payment under this Item. The City will pay for all work performed and measured as
specified in accordance with the appropriate separate specification Item for each item.
** END OF SECTION **
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 603 : PIPE CULVERTS, SEWERS AND DRAINS
603.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of storm sewers, pipe culverts and
drains.
B. Unless otherwise specified, the pipe used for storm sewers, pipe culverts, and driveway culverts
shall be reinforced concrete, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), or High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).
603.02
MATERIALS
A. Reinforced Concrete Pipe (RCP).
1) Material: Reinforced Concrete Pipe shall meet the requirements of ASTM C-76, Reinforced
Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe, AASHTO Section 17, Reinforced Concrete
Structure Interaction Systems, ANSI-ASCE 15-93, Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried
Concrete Pipe Using Standard Installation, or ASTM C-655, Reinforced Concrete D-Load
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe.
The manufacturer of the reinforced concrete pipe shall be on the ODOT “List of Certified
Plants.” Pipe shall be reinforced as required per design or for the particular pipe strength
designation on the plans. The class for the pipe shall be shown on the drawings.
2) Joints: Joint surfaces shall be smooth and dimensionally true within the required tolerances as
stated in ASTM C-443, Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, using rubber
gaskets. Rubber gaskets shall be in accordance with ASTM C-361, Reinforced Concrete LowHead Pressure Pipe.
2) Marking: Each pipe shall be clearly marked with the class or strength, date of manufacture,
the name or trademark of the manufacturer, and the manufacturer’s quality assurance
stamp of approval.
If the pipe contains elliptical or stirrup reinforcement, the location of the minor axis of the
elliptical reinforcement shall be clearly marked on the outside of both ends of each section
of pipe.
3) Strength and Testing: Pipe testing shall conform to ASTM C-39, Test Method for Compressive
Strength of Cylindrical Concrete; ASTM C-497, Standard Methods of Testing Concrete Pipe,
Manhole Sections or Tile. Copies of all test results shall be made available to the Engineer.
B. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe.
1) Material: All pipe 12"-15" diameter shall be manufactured and tested in accordance with ASTM
F-794, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Large Diameter Ribbed Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based
on Controlled Inside Diameter, with the following addition: pipe stiffness shall be 46 psi or
greater.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
All pipe 18" diameter and greater shall be manufactured and tested in accordance with
AASHTO M304 M-91, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Ribbed Drain Pipe & Fittings Based On
Controlled Inside Diameter, except that internal sleeve joints shall not be permitted. The bell
shall consist of an integral wall section or an internal plastic sleeve. Standard laying lengths
shall be 13 ft. ± 1 inch.
2) Joints: Joints may be either internal plastic sleeve or an integral bell gasketed joint conforming
to ASTM D-3212, Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipe Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals, and
ASTM F-477, Elastomeric Seals (gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe. The solid cross section
rubber ring shall be factory assembled on the spigot.
3) Fittings: All fittings for pipe diameters 12"-15" shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM
F-794, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Large Diameter Ribbed Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based
on Controlled Inside Diameter, with the following addition pipe stiffness shall be 46 psi or
greater.
All fittings for pipe diameters 18" and greater shall be manufactured and tested in accordance
with AASHTO M304 M-91, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Ribbed Drain Pipe & Fittings Based On
Controlled Inside Diameter, except that internal sleeve joints shall not be permitted.
All fittings and accessories shall be as manufactured and furnished by the pipe supplier or
approved equal and have bell and/or spigot configurations compatible with that of the pipe.
4) Marking: Each pipe shall be marked with the manufacturer name or trademark, nominal pipe
size, ASTM designation and PVC designation.
5) Strength and Testing: Pipe and fittings shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F-794,
AASHTO M304 M-91 and ASTM D-2444-99, Standard Test Method for Determination of the
Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a TUP (falling weight).
Copies of all test results shall be made available to the Engineer.
C. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pipe.
1) Material: Pipe shall be made of virgin polyethylene compounds which conform to the
requirements of ASTM D-3350, Polyethylene Plastic Pipe and Fittings Materials, and AASHTO
M294 Type S, Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe, 12" to 36" diameter with a smooth interior, or
ASTM F-894, Polyethylene (PE) Large Diameter Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe. Materials
shall be stress rated (HDB1600 psi). The inner layer of smooth lined corrugated polyethylene
pipe shall be fused to the outer corrugated wall at all internal corrugation crests.
2) Joints: Bell and spigot couplings or clamp on bands with corrugations which align with the pipe
corrugation shall be provided at the joints. Clamp on bands shall be wide enough to cover two
pipe corrugations on each side of the joint.
3) Fittings shall be made of virgin polyethylene compounds which conform to the requirements of
ASTM D-3350, Polyethylene Plastic Pipe and Fittings Materials, and AASHTO M-294 Type S,
Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe, 12" to 36" diameter with a smooth interior, or ASTM F-894,
Polyethylene (PE) Large Diameter Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe. Materials shall be stress
rated (HDB1600 psi). All fittings and accessories shall be as manufactured and furnished by
the pipe supplier or approved equal and have bell and/or spigot configuration compatible with
that of the pipe.
4) Marking: Each pipe shall be marked with the manufacturer name or trademark, nominal size,
Page 69 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
AASHTO designation, plant designation code, and date of manufacture.
5) Strength and Testing: Pipe and fittings shall be tested in accordance with AASHTO M-294,
Type S, Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe, 12" to 36" with a smooth interior or ASTM -894,
Polyethylene (PE) Large Diameter Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe. Materials shall be stress
rated (HDB1600 psi).
Pipe brittleness shall be tested in accordance with ASTM D-2444-99, Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a TUP
(falling weight).
Pipe stiffness shall be tested in accordance with ASTM D-2412, Standard Test Method for
Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipes by Parallel-Plate Loading.
Pipe stiffness shall be PS46.
603.03
SITE CLEARING AND PROTECTION
A. The Contractor shall provide for the protection and maintenance of existing structures and
pavement, care and removal of trees, sod removal, stripping and storage of topsoil, pavement
removal and the maintenance of the construction area during progress of the work and the
complete restoration of the construction area to its original condition at the completion of the work.
B. Existing Structure Protection and Maintenance:
1) Use special precautions and methods in excavating under or around existing utilities or
structures to ensure utilities and/or structures are not damaged.
2) Maintain or permit maintenance of existing overhead, surface or subsurface utilities or
structures encountered.
3) Notify the Engineer when interference with an existing utility will occur. Required work shall
continue without delay as directed by the Engineer until the utility is moved or replaced. If a
utility is damaged by the Contractor, other work shall continue until the utility is repaired.
4) Replace utilities disturbed or destroyed with new materials of same size, quality and dimensions
as directed by the Engineer at the Contractor's expense.
5) Field tile and field drains may not be shown on the plans. The Contractor shall replace all field
tile removed during construction operations unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
Approved pipe of the same size shall be used and placed on compacted fill. Length of pipes
shall extend two feet beyond each side of trench. No separate payment will be made for this
work.
C. Pavement Protection:
1) Provide protection of existing streets and structures that are not to be removed as part of the
construction. Roadway surfaces that are to remain in place shall not be damaged or disturbed
in any manner.
2) Roadway damaged or disturbed outside the limits stated shall be replaced at the expense of the
Contractor.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
3) Maintain for use during construction all streets, driveways, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer.
4) Restore to their original condition all streets, driveways, sidewalks, curbs, gutters, structures,
and all paved areas that were damaged, disturbed, or occupied by the Contractor in connection
with any phase of the work. Restoration shall be in accordance with City standards.
D. Care and Removal of Trees:
1) Remove only those trees authorized by the Engineer using methods that provide for adequate
protection to adjacent trees and property.
2) Box and protect trees and shrubs not identified for removal.
3) Excavate to minimize damage to roots of existing trees.
4) Remove fences, shrubs, and other existing improvements as directed by the Engineer, and
maintain for future replacement by the Contractor.
5) Trees and shrubs outside the temporary construction easement shall not be trimmed, removed,
or otherwise disturbed by the Contractor except with the express written permission of the
owner of the property.
6) Any trees or shrubs which are damaged by the Contractor's operations shall be satisfactorily
repaired, removed and replaced by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense under the
direction of the Engineer.
E. Sod Removal:
1) Existing sod may be removed to re-sod disturbed areas.
2) Cut sod into rectangular sections of uniform width not to exceed 18”.
3) Cut to depth of 2”.
4) Store sod in layers with grass to grass and roots to roots.
5) Spray stored sod with water and cover with moist burlap.
F. Stripping and Storage of Topsoil
1) Remove and dispose of all leaves, weeds, lumber and debris present on site prior to the
removal of topsoil.
2) Remove topsoil to such depth and from such areas as directed by the Engineer.
3) Remove and dispose of roots and other debris and store topsoil in piles as directed by the
Engineer.
G. Pavement Removal
1) Use such suitable equipment, tools and methods for cutting and trimming which will remove the
road surface materials to a neat line at the limits of the top of the trench or to the limits indicated
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
on the construction drawings.
H. Maintenance of the Construction Area During Progress of the Work
1) Dust and mud shall be controlled by the Contractor.
2) Mailboxes, road or street signs shall be removed and erected in a temporary location and as
directed by the Engineer.
I.
Restoration of the Construction Area
1) When or where any direct or indirect damage is done to any property, the Contractor shall
restore, at his/her own expense, such property to a condition similar or equal to that existing
before such damage was done.
603.04
INSTALLATION - GENERAL
A. Excavation.
1) Make all necessary excavation to the lines and grades shown on the drawings or specified.
2) Store excavated material suitable for backfill adjacent to excavation, trim neatly, and avoid
overloading sides of excavation.
3) Do not store excavated material on sidewalks or driveways.
4) Prevent surface drainage from flowing into excavations.
5) Provide and maintain safe crossing for vehicle traffic. Use steel plates or aluminum ramps as
needed.
6) Where excavation is required within the spread of trees that are to remain, the trench shall be
excavated by hand. Pipe space may be tunneled under tree roots, as approved by the
Engineer.
B. Trench Width.
1) See Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details on trench dimensions.
C. Trench Depth.
1) The trench depth shall be as required to install pipe at the grade shown or specified.
2) Existing ground elevations shall be determined from field survey of profile.
3) Excavate trenches 3” to 6” below the pipe barrel and provide 3” clearance below bells. Do not
over-excavate.
D. Water Removal.
1) Provide sufficient pumping plant to remove water from excavation as fast as it collects.
2) Do not place pipe or concrete in or under water unless authorized by the Engineer.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
E. Surplus Excavated Material.
1) All materials excavated which are unsuitable for use in backfilling
2) trenches or around structures, or suitable materials excavated that are in excess of that required
for backfilling and for constructing fills and embankments as shown on the plans, shall be
disposed of by the Contractor at the Contractor’s own expense unless otherwise directed by the
Engineer.
3) The Contractor shall provide a site for the disposal of all surplus excavated material.
4) No surplus excavated material of any class shall be deposited in any stream or water course.
5) No surplus excavated material of any class shall be dumped on public property without the
consent of the Engineer.
6) All spoil areas shall be left smooth, level and with positive drainage to a water course.
F. Pipe Bedding.
1) A cradle of pipe bedding consisting of 75-100% crushed 8's as specified in ODOT Item 703
shall be furnished for all pipelines. The bedding material shall be thoroughly compacted. It
shall be free of lumps of clay or organic material.
2) See Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details on the compacted pipe bedding.
3) Bedding shall be placed in such a manner as to completely support the pipeline in its entire
length and shall extend laterally to the outermost limits of the trench.
G. Pipe Installation.
1) The Engineer may request a competent manufacturer’s representative on the job when the
initial pipe laying starts and the representative shall remain until the Engineer is satisfied that
the Contractor’s workmen are capable of making proper installation. This requirement may be
waived if, in the opinion of the Engineer, such instruction is not necessary.
2) The Contractor shall provide and use proper tools and equipment for the safe and convenient
handling of the pipe and fittings. Under no condition shall this material be dropped from the
truck bed to the ground. All materials shall be delivered and distributed at the site of the project
by the Contractor. In distributing the storm sewer material, each length of pipe shall be
unloaded opposite or near the place where it is to be installed in the trench.
3) The individual lengths of pipe and fittings shall be placed on the ground in such a manner that
no surface water, mud, dirt, or other debris can enter the pipe barrel. The pipe and fittings shall
always be unloaded onto the high ground above any drainage ditch or other physical low point
in the topography in which surface water may flow during periods of rainfall.
4) Pipe shall be so handled that the coating and lining, when applicable, will not be damaged. If,
however, any part of the coating and lining is damaged, the repair or replacement shall be made
by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer.
5) All pipes and fittings shall be carefully lowered into the trench piece by piece by means of a
derrick, ropes or other suitable tools or equipment in such a manner as to prevent damage to
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
storm sewer materials and protective coatings and linings. Under no circumstances shall
materials be dropped or dumped into the trench.
6) During laying operations, no debris, tools, clothing or other materials shall be placed in the pipe.
7) Pipe shall be laid with bell ends facing in the direction of laying, unless directed otherwise by the
Engineer.
8) As each length of pipe is placed in the trench, the spigot end shall be centered in the bell and
the pipe forced home and brought to correct line and grade.
9) Dirt and other foreign material shall be prevented from entering the joint space.
10) The pipe shall be secured in place with approved bedding material tamped under it, except at
the bells.
11) At times when pipe laying is not in progress, the open ends of pipe shall be closed by a
watertight plug.
12) If water is in the trench, the seal shall remain in place until the trench is pumped completely dry
and ready for pipe laying operations.
13) Make joints and install gaskets according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
14) Do not open up more than 200' of trench in advance of pipe laying.
15) Line and grade for the gravity pipeline shall be established by the Contractor using laser beam.
16) Pipes connecting to manholes should be quarter lengths in and out of the manhole to minimize
settlement at the manhole.
H. Concrete Cradles.
1) Provide concrete cradles for sewer pipe if ordered by the Engineer due to highly unstable soil
conditions, such as quicksand, or if additional structural support is warranted for a storm sewer
crossing another utility.
2) Place concrete cradles as shown on the plans and as directed by the Engineer.
I.
Backfill.
1) Backfill immediately after pipe installation or as soon as the particular type of construction and
circumstances will permit. Avoid damage to the pipe or other completed structures.
2) Backfill material shall conform to the construction drawings and specifications. Excavated
material approved for backfill by the Engineer shall be free from rubbish and frozen material.
3) Backfilling above the pipe zone, except where noted on the plans, shall be in accordance with
the Fairborn Engineering Standards.
4) Granular backfill shall be free from slag, cinders, ashes, refuse, or other deleterious or
objectionable materials. It shall not contain excessive amounts of loam and clay and shall not
be lumpy or frozen.
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City of Fairborn
5) Thoroughly compact by tamping with pneumatic tools or by other means, approved by the
Engineer.
a. Compaction by flooding backfill material with water is not permitted.
b. Compact in uniform layers of thickness (loose measure) per Fairborn Engineering Standards
for Trench Backfill Details.
J. Settlement.
1) Refill any settlement in backfill, and repair or replace any surface treatment or pavement failures
occurring within one year after acceptance of work by the City. Repair shall be made at no
additional cost to the City.
K. Separation of Storm Sewers, Water Mains, and Sanitary Sewers.
1) Storm sewers shall be laid at least 10' horizontally from any existing water main or sanitary
sewer measured from the outside of storm pipe to the outside of pipe, manhole, or other
appurtenance.
603.05
REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE (RCP) INSTALLATION
A. Reinforced Concrete Pipe shall be installed in conformance with the American Society of Civil
Engineers Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried Pre-Cast Concrete Pipe Using Standard
Installations (SIDD) and the manufacturer’s recommendation.
603.06
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PIPE INSTALLATION
A. PVC pipe shall be installed in conformance with ASTM D-2321, Standard Practice for Underground
Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity Flow Applications, and the
manufacturer’s recommendation.
603.07
HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE) PIPE INSTALLATION
A. HDPE pipe shall be installed in conformance with ASTM D-2321, Standard Practice for
Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity Flow Applications,
and the manufacturer’s recommendation.
603.08
SHEETING, BRACING AND TIMBERING
A. Minimum Requirements.
1) Sheeting, bracing, and timbering shall conform to "Trenching and Excavation, Safe Working
Rules” by the Ohio Division of Safety and Hygiene, OSHA Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)
Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring for Trenches - 1926, Subpart P, App. D, and all local laws,
ordinances and regulations.
B. Installation.
1) Properly, adequately and safely support sides of open trenches and excavations with sheeting,
bracing, and timbering, as required.
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City of Fairborn
2) Similarly support sides and top of all tunnel sections.
3) The Contractor shall provide and maintain safeguards, safety devices, and protective equipment
and take other needed actions necessary to protect the public and property in connection with
the work.
4) If, in the opinion of the Engineer, proper supports have not been provided, the Contractor shall
provide additional sheeting, bracing and timbering as directed by the Engineer at no additional
cost to the City. Furnishing of such additional supports does not relieve the Contractor of
responsibility for adequacy of support.
603.09
ADJUSTMENTS TO PLAN AND PROFILE
A. The construction drawings will be revised by the Engineer, if necessary, during the progress of the
work on the project to reflect the actual location of all construction both in plan and profile.
B. The revised plans will be used to obtain horizontal measurements and vertical depth measurements
for any project item based on unit proposals.
603.10
CLEANUP
A. Final cleanup operations shall follow closely behind excavation and pipe laying and shall proceed in
a neat and workmanlike manner with minimum inconvenience to the City and/or general public.
B. The Engineer shall stop all other work in the event this is a cleanup section, not a backfill section,
cleanup operations are not satisfactory.
C. Replace fences, shrubs, gardens and other existing miscellaneous improvements disturbed during
construction.
603.11
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for “Storm Sewers” shall be linear feet at the depths specified in the
proposal. Storm sewer pipe shall be measured from center of manhole (or catch basin) to center of
manhole (or catch basin) or to limits shown, along the centerline of sewer in place.
603.12
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
603
603
603
UNIT
LF
LF
LF
DESCRIPTION
STORM SEWER (____ “)
PIPE CULVERT (____”)
STORM DRAIN (____”)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 76 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 604 - STORM MANHOLES, CATCH BASINS, STORM
INLETS, APPURTENANCES AND ADJUSTMENTS
604.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the installation of manholes, catch basins, inlets, juncture chambers and
other reinforced concrete structure at the locations and elevations as shown on the construction
drawings, unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
B. This item shall also consist of the adjustment of castings for such structures.
C. Manholes, catch basins, inlets and chambers shall be of pre-cast or cast-in-place construction.
Block and brick materials are not permitted.
D. If cast-in-place concrete structures are authorized, all materials and details must meet the approval
of the Engineer prior to use on the project.
604.02
MATERIALS
A. Pre-Cast Manhole Bases.
1) All pre-cast manhole bases shall meet the material and test requirements of ASTM C-478 "Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Section".
2) Flow channels shall be pre-cast.
3) The top of the pre-cast base shall extend above the top of the main line sewer pipe.
4) Manhole bases shall have an inside diameter of 4’ for sewer pipe up to and including 18” in
diameter.
5) Manhole bases shall have an inside diameter equal to 5’ for pipe between 21” and 33”,
inclusive, in diameter.
6) The manhole bases shall have pre-cast holes in the base of sufficient size to allow installation of
the sewer pipe with proper grouting of pipes with non-shrink grout.
7) For pipe less than or equal to 48” and not less than 36” in diameter, the pre-cast manhole bases
shall be 48” T-sections.
a. A change in pipe size shall be made by installation of an eccentric reducer or reducers. The
flow line shall remain matched.
b. A change in alignment shall be made by installing a bend of 48” diameter connected on the
high side adjacent to the manhole T-section.
8) For pipe equal to 60” and not less than 54” in diameter, manhole bases shall be pre-cast Tsections with the main line pipe being the largest diameter pipe. The "T" shall be a 48” diameter
stub offset with the outside wall of the main line pipe.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
a. A change in size of pipe shall be made by installing an eccentric reducer or reducers. The
flow line shall remain matched.
b. A change in alignment shall be made by installing a bend equal in diameter to the main line
pipe connected on the high side adjacent to the manhole T-section.
9) The bases of all T-section manholes shall be constructed of a minimum of 8” of ODOT Class
"C" concrete with No. 5 reinforcing bars, 8” OC both ways. Concrete bases shall be provided to
within one foot of the end of the T-section parallel with the main line pipe and to a width equal to
the outside diameter of the main line pipe.
B. Pre-Cast Manhole Riser (Barrel Section).
1) Pre-cast manhole riser sections shall meet the requirements of ASTM C-478.
2) For pipe greater than 48” in diameter, an eccentric reducer from the base to the required 48”
shall be provided above the base section.
3) Pre-cast riser sections shall be 48” in diameter and shall be provided in the proper increments
with a minimum number of sections.
C. Pre-Cast Manhole Cones.
1) The top section shall be eccentric and conical in shape and a minimum of 32” in height.
2) The conical top section shall converge from a 48” diameter opening to a minimum opening of
24”.
3) The wall thickness shall be 5” at the 48” section and 8” at the top of the cone.
D. Flat Slab Manhole Tops.
1) When a manhole is too shallow to permit the use of a conical top section with a minimum of 32”
in height, a 6” flat slab top shall be installed.
E. Manhole Steps.
1) Polypropylene plastic steps shall conform to ASTM D-4101. ½” steel rod shall be continuous
through the entire length of the legs and thread. Steel shall conform to ASTM A-615 Grade 60.
2) The steps shall be placed 12” to 16” apart vertically.
F. Pre-Cast Catch Basins
1) All pre-cast catch basins shall conform to the requirements of the materials and testing sections
of ASTM C-478.
2) The bottom shall be constructed one foot below the invert of the outlet to serve as a trash
collector during construction.
3) A smoothly shaped sloping bottom will be provided when construction is complete and the catch
basin has been cleared of all foreign material.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
4) All pre-cast catch basin units shall have a minimum wall thickness of 6”.
G. Manhole and Catch Basin Frames, Grates, Covers and Risers (Castings).
1) All castings shall be gray cast iron conforming to ASTM A-48, Grey Iron Castings, Class 30
minimum, as manufactured by Neenah Foundry, or approved equal. All castings shall be rated
for ODOT H20 loading and AASHTO M306 requirements, as a minimum.
2) Castings will be the type shown on the construction plans, or as approved by the Engineer.
Castings within the pavement and within the Right-of-Way shall be rated for heavy duty.
3) The castings shall be free from dirt, grease, sand, scale or other foreign substances.
4) Castings shall be shop coated with approved asphalt paint.
5) The manufacturer's name shall be cast upon the castings in 1” letters, 1/8” in relief.
6) Manhole covers shall have the name “STORM” or “SANITARY” cast upon the lid in 3” letters,
1/8” in relief.
7) Manhole casting risers shall be 1”, 1 ½” or 2”, as shown on the plans, or as approved by the
Engineer.
8) Catch basin and curb inlet casting covers within the pavement shall be bicycle safe and first
approved by the Engineer prior to procurement.
H. For casting adjustments use suitable materials conforming to existing materials, or as directed by
the Engineer. Use non-shrink mortar wherever necessary, or as directed by the Engineer.
I.
Use salvaged castings and grates where possible, otherwise, match existing with respect to
manufacturer, size, weight, configuration and lettering, if any.
604.03
MANHOLE AND CATCH BASIN INSTALLATIONS
A. General.
1) Openings in pre-cast manholes or catch basins that must be modified to accommodate storm
sewer pipes must be modified with a concrete saw or coring machine to ensure a neat cut and
minimize any damage to the structure.
B. Structure (Manholes and Catch Basins) Excavation.
1) Adequate clearance shall be provided for installation, inspection and removal of form work.
2) Bottom of excavation shall be level and at the elevation specified on the construction drawings.
3) All loose material shall be removed.
4) Foundations shall not be placed until bearing materials are approved by the Engineer.
C. Water Removal.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
1) Provide sufficient pumping plant to remove water from the excavation as fast as it collects.
2) Do not place pipe or concrete in or under water unless authorized by the Engineer.
D. Manhole and Catch Basin Bedding.
1) All precast manholes and catch basins shall be installed on pipe bedding material with a
minimum thickness of bedding to be 6”.
E. Pre-Cast Concrete Sections (Base, Risers, Cones).
1) Install in a vertical position and as recommended by manufacturer or as directed by the
Engineer.
2) Fill lift holes with non-shrinking grout after setting in place.
3) Care shall be taken to ensure that the backfill material is brought up evenly around the riser and
cone sections to prevent movement or misalignment of manhole components.
F. Manhole Casting Frames, Lids and Risers.
1) Finish manhole tops as shown on the construction plans or Standard Drawings.
2) Frames shall be set level, except set to grade when within the pavement. Lids shall be fitted
and finished to provide a firm and even seat in the frame.
3) Frames and lids shall be fitted, matched and marked prior to delivery to the project site.
4) A mastic strip around the perimeter of the concrete top section shall be placed to set the casting
frame. The frame shall then be mortared to the concrete section.
G. Steps, Frames and Covers.
1) Provide and install steps, frames and covers as specified and shown on the construction
drawings or Standard Drawings.
H. Miscellaneous Items.
1) Provide and install miscellaneous items as specified and as shown on the construction
drawings.
I.
Manhole Flow Channel.
1) Flow channels shall be pre-cast at the manhole manufacturer. If prior approval of the Engineer
is obtained, field constructed flow channels shall meet the following requirements.
a. Field construct flow channel within the pre-cast base after all gravity pipe line connections
have been completed.
b. The flow channel shall be constructed of ODOT Class "C" concrete (4000 psi).
c. The channel cross section shall be semi-circular to match the cross section of the pipe line
from spring line to invert.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
d. A shelf shall be constructed at the elevation of the spring line of the main line pipe at the
channel edge and slope up and away from the channel at one inch per foot.
e. When a change in direction is required in a channel, it shall be made with as long a radius
as possible.
f.
When a change in pipe size is required in a channel, it shall be achieved by constructing a
uniformly varying cross section from the inlet to outlet of the two pipes to the manhole.
g. The flow channel shall be constructed so as to keep the flow turbulence to a minimum in the
manhole channel.
J. Manholes Over Existing Sewers (Doghouse Manhole).
1) The Contractor shall locate existing sewers and construct manholes to intercept flow in locations
shown on the construction drawings.
2) Flow channels shall be constructed to direct flow, as required.
3) Plug abandoned sewers with precast concrete stoppers or with masonry of a type and thickness
acceptable to the Engineer. The Engineer may require Controlled Density Fill to be used in the
sewer to be abandoned.
K. Pre-Cast Catch Basins.
1) ODOT Class "C" concrete shall be used to form catch basin bottoms.
2) Catch basin flow channel shall be constructed so as to keep the flow turbulence to a minimum.
3) Where catch basins are installed in the curb, the curb face along the catch basin apron shall be
vertical and monolithic with the apron.
L. Poured-in-Place Catch Basins.
1) Catch basins shall be constructed with bottoms, sides and tops to accommodate all piping,
openings, temporary stubs, embedment and castings unless specified otherwise by the
Engineer.
2) The bottom shall be constructed one foot below the invert of the outlet to serve as a trash
collector during construction.
3) A smoothly shaped sloping bottom will be provided when construction is complete and the catch
basin has been cleaned of all foreign material.
4) The castings used in poured-in-place catch basins shall be set in a full bed of mortar and
adjusted to conform to the adjusted surfaces.
M. Manhole and Catch Basin Backfill.
1) All backfill shall be thoroughly compacted by tamping with pneumatic tools or other means
approved by the Engineer.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
2) Compaction shall be in uniform layers of 8” thickness (loose measure).
N. Settlement.
1) Refill any settlement in backfill and repair or replace any surface treatment or pavement failures
occurring within one year after acceptance of the work by the City. Repair shall be made at no
additional cost to the City.
O. Separation of Manholes, Sanitary Sewers, and Water Mains
1) Storm manholes shall be laid at least 10' horizontally from any existing water main or sanitary
sewer main measured from the outside of the storm manhole to the outside of the water main
pipe or sanitary sewer pipe.
604.04
SHEETING, BRACING AND TIMBERING
A. Minimum Requirements.
1) Sheeting, bracing, and timbering shall conform to "Trenching and Excavation, Safe Working
Rules by the Ohio Division of Safety and Hygiene, OSHA Regulations (Standards 29 CFR)
Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring for Trenches - 1926, Subpart P, App. D, and all local laws,
ordinances, and regulations.
B. Installation.
1) Properly, adequately and safely support sides of open trenches and excavations with sheeting,
bracing, and timbering, as required.
2) The Contractor shall provide and maintain safeguards, safety devices, and protective equipment
and take other needed actions necessary to protect the public and property in connection with
the work.
3) If, in the opinion of the Engineer, proper supports have not been provided, the Contractor shall
provide additional sheeting, bracing and timbering as directed by the Engineer at no additional
cost to the City. Furnishing of such additional supports does not relieve the Contractor of
responsibility for adequacy of support.
604.05
ADJUSTMENTS TO PLAN AND PROFILE
A. General.
1) The construction drawings will be revised by the Engineer, if necessary, during the progress of
the work on the project to reflect the actual location of all construction both in plan and profile.
2) The revised plans will be used to obtain horizontal measurements and vertical depth
measurements for any project item based on unit proposals.
604.06
CLEANUP
A. General.
1) Final cleanup operations shall follow closely behind excavation and pipe laying and shall
proceed in a neat and workmanlike manner with minimum inconvenience to the City and/or
Page 82 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
general public.
2) The Engineer shall stop all other work in the event cleanup operations are not satisfactory.
3) Replace fences, shrubs, gardens and other existing miscellaneous improvements disturbed
during construction.
604.07
CASTING ADJUSTMENT TO GRADE
A. General.
1) Carefully remove and clean the existing frame, adjust the height of supporting walls, and reset
the existing frame in a bed of concrete mortar or structure concrete to the new grade.
2) Carefully remove the existing cover or grate and install a casting or an acceptable adjusting
device per plan or an adjusting device approved by the Engineer to the new grade and install
per the manufacturer’s recommendations
3) The Contractor is responsible for locating all appurtenances in the roadway and making the
necessary adjustments prior to any work commencing on the roadway.
4) Adjust and/or construct street appurtenances to facilitate the new elevation of the resurfacing
work in the roadway. Soft adjustment of structures shall be made using specified casting riser
rings to be made flush with adjacent pavement surface.
5) Hard adjustment of structures shall be made using pre-cast concrete rings of specified thickness
to make the casting flush with the adjacent pavement surface as manufactured by Neenah
Foundry, or approved equal.
6) Water valve castings may be adjusted using Neenah heavy duty iron adjusting rings, or
approved equal.
604.08
CASTING RECONSTRUCTION TO GRADE
A. General.
1) Carefully remove and clean the existing castings.
2) Remove the existing walls of manholes down to the spring line or below as necessary.
3) Remove existing walls of catch basins and inlets below the window openings, grates, or any
points of wall failure.
4) Using the salvaged casting, reconstruct the structure to the new grade, conforming as nearly as
practicable to the existing dimension and type of construction.
604.09
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for structures herein shall be each installed complete, in place.
B. Excavation for structures herein shall be included under normal trench excavation for storm sewers.
604.10
PAYMENT
Page 83 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
C. Trench excavation, bedding and backfill shall be paid under Item 600, Storm Sewers.
ITEM
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
604
UNIT
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
DESCRIPTION
MANHOLE INSTALLATION
CATCH BASIN INSTALLATION
STORM INLET INSTALLATION
CHAMBER INSTALLATION
MISC STRUCTURE INSTALLATION
MANHOLE CASTING ADJUSTMENT
CATCH BASIN CASTING ADJUSTMENT
STORM INLET CASTING ADJUSTMENT
CHAMBER CASTING ADJUSTMENT
MISC STRUCTURE CASTING ADJUSTMENT
MANHOLE RECONSTRUCTION TO GRADE
CATCH BASIN RECONSTRUCTION TO GRADE
STORM INLET RECONSTRUCTION TO GRADE
CHAMBER RECONSTRUCTION TO GRADE
MISC STRUCTURE RECONSTRUCTION TO GRADE
** END OF SECTION **
Page 84 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 605 : DRAIN TILE REPLACEMENT
605.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of removing and replacing existing drain tiles under sidewalk, along or
through curb, in accordance with the Engineering Standard Drawings.
605.02
MATERIALS
A. Furnish 6” minimum PVC solid wall perforated pipe materials conforming to ODOT Item 707.45 for
underdrain along curb.
B. Furnish 4” PVC solid wall pipe conforming to ODOT Item 707.45 for underdrain under sidewalk.
605.03
CONSTRUCTION
A. Excavate all material encountered to the dimensions necessary to provide ample space to install
pipe, per plan or as directed by the Engineer.
B. Place porous backfill as shown on the plans, or as directed by the Engineer.
C. Refer to Engineering Standard Drawings for curb underdrain and sidewalk underdrain through curb
details.
605.04
MEASUREMENT
A. Drain tile under sidewalk and through curb shall be measured by each (EA) drain tile replaced.
B. Drain tile along curb shall be measured by the lineal foot (LF) replaced.
605.05
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the Engineer, will be paid at the contract unit price for each pay
item listed in the table.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, final cleanup,
and all work necessary to complete the item.
ITEM
605
605
UNIT
EA
LF
DESCRIPTION
DRAIN TILE REPLACEMENT UNDER SIDEWALK THROUGH CURB
DRAIN TILE REPLACEMENT ALONG CURB
** END OF SECTION **
Page 85 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 608 : CONCRETE SIDEWALK AND CURB RAMPS
608.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the construction of concrete sidewalks on a prepared base in accordance
with these specifications and to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the plans or established
by the Engineer.
B. This item shall also consist of the construction of concrete curb ramps on a prepared base in
accordance with these specifications and the Americans with Disabilities Act guidelines to the lines,
grades and dimensions shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
C. Unless otherwise provided for by separate items in the bid schedule, the work of this item shall
encompass excavation to grade, excavation of unsuitable foundation material, furnishing and
placing of backfill and base course material, cutting, painting with asphaltic material and removal of
tree roots, and removal and disposal of existing sidewalks located in the area of the new work.
608.02
MATERIALS
A. Base course materials shall be ODOT Item 304, Aggregate Base.
B. Concrete shall be ODOT Class "C" with limestone aggregate, 6% nominal air meeting the
requirements of ODOT Item 499, Concrete General.
C. Pre-molded joint filler conforming to the requirements of ODOT Item 705.03, Preformed Fillers. NO
VINYL/RECYCLED EXPANSION IS PERMITTED.
D. Curing compound conforming to ODOT Item 705.07, Liquid Membrane - Forming Compounds for
Curing Concrete. ONLY WHITE PIGMENT SHALL BE ALLOWED.
E. Curing materials conforming to ODOT Item 705.05, Burlap Cloth, and ODOT Item 705.06, Sheet
Materials for Concrete Curing.
F. Truncated Domes must meet current ADA standards and approved by the Engineer.
608.03
BASE COURSE
A. If the existing base material is approved by the Engineer, it shall remain in place undisturbed, and
the new concrete placed on this existing base. Some Item 304 aggregate may be required to
provide a uniform subgrade. If soft or otherwise unsuitable foundation material is encountered, it
shall be removed to a depth as directed by the Engineer and backfilled with Item 304 aggregate
material.
608.04
FORMING
A. The forms shall be of metal or wood, but shall be of an approved section and of sufficient strength
to retain their shape under pressure of the concrete.
Page 86 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
B. Forms shall be staked securely in position at the correct line and grade.
C. All forms must be inspected by the City Engineering Department prior to placing concrete.
D. All placements must be formed.
608.05
PLACING AND FINISHING
A. Immediately prior to placing the concrete the base course shall be thoroughly moistened with water.
The concrete shall be deposited in a single layer. Subsequent to consolidation, the concrete shall
be struck off to the proper crown and grade with a template and shall be further smoothed, trued
and consolidated by means of floats and/or straightedges. Sprinkling of the surface with water
to facilitate finishing will not be permitted. All outside edges shall be edged with a ½” radius
edging tool.
B. The sidewalk shall be given a rough float finish or light transverse brooming as directed by the
Engineer.
C. The Contractor shall not allow any concrete wash water from ready-mix trucks, washing of tools
or construction operations to flow into any streets, ditches, storm drains, water conveyances, or
other areas where water runoff may flow into such structures. The Contractor shall present a
written plan on procedures to deal with the concrete wash water prior to excavation.
D. New concrete surfaces damaged, disfigured or not meeting the standards as determined by the
Engineer shall be replaced at the contractor’s expense.
E. Concrete, asphalt, or any other structure or material not scheduled for removal but is damaged by
the Contractor must be replaced at the expense of the Contractor. Damaged work will be
documented by the City Inspector.
608.06
JOINTS
A. Preformed ½” joint filler shall be placed at junctions with drives, existing walks, curbs, every 100',
and at such other locations as may be shown on the plans or standard drawings. The joint filler
must extend all the way through the thickness of the concrete, and must be placed around all
appurtenances, e.g. manholes, or water valves.
B. Transverse contraction joints (extending at least one-quarter of the way through the slab) shall be
formed at intervals not greater than 10’ and transverse grooves shall be formed midway between
the contraction joints. The transverse joints shall be finished with a ¼” tooled edge. The
longitudinal edges of the sidewalk shall be finished with a ½” tooled edge.
608.07
CURING
A. The concrete shall be cured in accordance with the provisions of ODOT Item 608.03(e), Concrete
Walks, and ODOT Item 451.10 Curing, except that moisture type curing operations may be
discontinued after a period of three days. Only white curing compound may be used.
B. ODOT approved barricades; possibly including sidewalk closed signs shall be used.
608.08
COLD WEATHER CONCRETING
A. Cold weather concreting shall meet the requirements of Section 497 and ACI 306R-88, Cold
Page 87 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
Weather Concreting.
608.09
CURB RAMPS
A. Curb ramps shall conform to all the requirements of Item 608 except the surface texture shall be
rougher than the adjacent walk and obtained by coarse brooming or other method approved by the
Engineer to obtain striations transverse to the ramp slopes. Type 1 (Perpendicular) ramps are the
preferred ramp and are required in new construction. Other types of ramps should be used only in
existing areas where there is not sufficient room to use a Type 1 ramp. See Fairborn Engineering
Standards for further details.
608.10
MEASUREMENT
A. A separate unit of measurement for concrete sidewalk shall be the number of square feet of
sidewalk completed in place and accepted at the thickness specified.
B. A separate unit of measurement for ADA curb ramp having truncated domes shall be the number of
square feet of ramp.
608.11
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
608
608
608
608
UNIT
SF
SF
SF
SF
DESCRIPTION
CONCRETE SIDEWALK; (____”) THICK
ADA CURB RAMP – TYPE I
ADA CURB RAMP – TYPE II
ADA CURB RAMP – TYPE IV
** END OF SECTION **
Page 88 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 609 : CONCRETE CURB AND GUTTER
609.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the construction, on a prepared base, of concrete barrier curb, radius
combination concrete curb and gutter, and/or combination concrete curb and gutter in accordance
with these specifications and to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the plans or established
by the Engineer.
B. Unless otherwise provided for by separate items in the bid schedule, the work included in this item
shall encompass sawing of pavement and curb and gutter, removal of existing curb and gutter,
excavation to the required grade, excavation and backfill of unsuitable foundation material,
furnishing and placing of backfill and base course material, and construction of concrete barrier
curb, radius combination concrete curb and gutter, and/or combination concrete curb and gutter.
C. See Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details.
609.02
MATERIALS
A. Base course materials shall be ODOT Item 304, Aggregate Base.
B. Concrete shall be ODOT Class "C," 6% nominal air meeting the requirements of ODOT Item 499,
Concrete General.
C. Pre-molded joint filler conforming to the requirements of ODOT Item 705.03, Preformed Fillers. NO
VINYL EXPANSION WILL BE ALLOWED.
D. Liquid curing compound conforming to ODOT Item 705.07, Liquid Membrane - Forming
Compounds for Curing Concrete. ONLY WHITE PIGMENT SHALL BE USED.
E. Curing paper, mats and blankets, conforming to ODOT Item 705.06, Sheet Materials for Concrete
Curing.
609.03
BASE COURSE
A. Excavation for new curb shall be carried to the required grade and the foundation shall be
compacted by an acceptable mechanical means to a firm, uniform condition per plan. The base
course shall be placed and compacted to the depth shown on the plans and in accordance with
these Standards, but in no case shall the depth be less than 6".
B. Excavation for replacement curb shall be carried to the grade of the existing and adjacent curb.
The base shall be firm, stable and uniform. All soft or otherwise unsuitable material shall be
excavated and backfilled with approved, compacted Item 304 material as directed by the Engineer.
C. If suitable granular foundation material is encountered, in appropriate depths, under the existing
curb and/or gutter, the base course may be omitted with the approval of the Engineer. The existing
foundation material shall be loosened, spread to the required grade and thoroughly compacted.
Page 89 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
609.04
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
FORMING
A. Forms shall be metal unless prior approval is obtained from the Engineer, except for curbs on
curves with a radius of 150’ or less when the forms may be constructed of wood. Forms shall be
securely staked to line and grade and shall follow the true arc of the curve.
B. Concrete curb or curb and gutter may be placed with a curb machine.
609.05
PLACING AND FINISHING
A. After the concrete has been placed in the forms, it shall be tamped, spaded and puddled until
mortar covers the top and all formed surfaces. When the concrete has set sufficiently, the face
form shall be removed and the exposed surfaces of the concrete shall be finished with a float. All
edges shall be tooled to the radii shown on the plans. Before the concrete is given its final finish,
the top of the curb and the gutter shall be tested with a straightedge and any irregularities greater
than ¼" in 10’ shall be corrected.
B. Front and back forms shall be removed within 24 hours after the concrete has been placed and the
adjacent surfaces shall be "pointed up" to fill all holes and voids.
C. In new plats, “W” and “S” (for water and sewer) shall be stamped in the curbs to designate the
lateral locations.
609.06
JOINTS
A. All concrete barrier curb, radius combination concrete curb and gutter and/or combination concrete
curb and gutter shall have ¼” contraction joints constructed at 10 intervals.
C. Separation joints shall be formed with ½” pre-molded joint filler at junctions with inlets, catch basins
and existing curbs and at other locations shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer.
D. When curbs are constructed adjacent to concrete pavement, expansion and contraction joints shall
be placed opposite the respective joints in the pavement.
609.07
CURING
A. The concrete shall be cured in accordance with ODOT Item 451.10, Curing.
609.08
COLD WEATHER CONCRETING
A. Cold weather concreting shall meet the requirements of Section 497 and ACI 306R-88, Cold
Weather Concreting.
609.09
RESTORATION
A. The area disturbed behind the curbs shall be restored per Item 659, Seeding and Mulching.
609.10
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for Concrete Barrier Curb, Radius Combination Concrete Curb and
Gutter, and Combination Concrete Curb and Gutter shall be the number of linear feet of concrete
curb and gutter in place and accepted, measured along the front face of curb.
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609.11
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
609
609
609
UNIT
LF
LF
LF
DESCRIPTION
CONCRETE BARRIER CURB – TYPE 6
RADIUS COMBINATION CONCRETE CURB AND GUTTER
COMBINATION CONCRETE CURB AND GUTTER – TYPE 2
** END OF SECTION **
Page 91 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 611 : REINFORCED CONCRETE CULVERTS
611.01
GENERAL
A. This work shall include: removal of the existing box culvert and disposal of it and associated
excavated material, furnishing and placing controlled density backfill and granular backfill according
to limits shown, placing and removing all sheeting cofferdams and cribbing necessary for the
execution of the work, dewatering, sealing or banding culvert joints, connecting any existing
appurtenances, restoration of disturbed facilities and surfaces, traffic control and erosion control.
611.02
MATERIALS
A. Portland cement concrete shall conform to AASHTO M85.
B. Aggregates shall conform to ODOT #703.
C. Calcium chloride will not be allowed.
D. Steel reinforcement shall consist of welded wire fabric conforming to ASTM A-15 or A-497 or
deformed billet steel bars conforming to ASTM A-615. Top mats of top slab reinforcing and exterior
wall mat reinforcing shall be epoxy coated per
.
611.03
DESIGN
A. The culvert design shall be in accordance with AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway
Bridges, latest edition. The culvert dimensions shall be as shown, subject to the permissible
variations contained hereinafter. The minimum concrete compression strength shall be 5,000 psi.
The minimum yield strength of the steel shall be 60,000 psi.
B. The concrete cover dimension over reinforcement shall be a minimum of 2". The clear distance of
the end circumferential wires shall not be less than 1” nor more than 2” from the ends of the culvert.
Reinforcement shall be assembled utilizing any combination of single or multiple layers (3
maximum) of welded wire fabric or steel bars. The ends of the longitudinal reinforcement shall not
be more than 2" from the ends of the culvert.
C. Tension splices in the circumferential reinforcement shall be made by lapping. Laps may be tack
welded together for assembly purposes. For smooth welded wire fabric, the overlap shall meet the
requirements of ACI 12.9 and 12.2. For splices other than tension splices, the overlap shall be a
minimum of 12" for welded wire fabric or deformed billet-steel bars. The spacing center to center of
the circumferential wires in a wire fabric sheet shall not be less than 2" nor more than 4 ". For the
wire fabric, the spacing center to center of the longitudinal wires shall not be more than 8". The
spacing center to center of the longitudinal distribution steel for either line of reinforcing in the top
slab shall be not more than 16".
611.04
PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS
A. Internal Dimensions - the internal dimension shall vary not more than 2" from the design
dimensions. The haunch dimensions shall vary not more than ¾” from the dimensions shown.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
B. Slab and Wall Thickness - The deck and wall thickness shall not be less than that shown by more
than ¾”. A thickness more than that required shall not be used for rejection.
C. Length of Opposite Surfaces - Variations in laying lengths of two opposite surfaces of the culvert
sections shall not be more than 1", except where beveled ends for laying of curves are specified.
D. Length of Section - The under run in length shall not be more than ½” in any culvert section.
E. Position of Reinforcement - The maximum variation in the position of the reinforcement shall be ±
3/8", except the cover over the reinforcement for the external surface of the top slab shall not be
less than 2" for earth covers less than 3'. The above tolerances or cover requirements do not apply
to mating surfaces of the joint.
F. Area of Reinforcement - The areas of steel reinforcement shall be the design steel areas per linear
foot. Steel areas greater than required steel areas shall not be cause for rejection. The permissible
variation in diameter of any reinforcement shall conform to the tolerances prescribed in the ASTM
specification for that type of reinforcement.
611.05
JOINTS
A. The precast reinforced concrete flat topped three-sided culvert sections shall be produced with a
grout filled keyway. The keyway surfaces shall be given a medium sandblast, 2,000 psi water blast,
or a thorough wire brushing at the plant within four days prior to leaving the plant. The ends shall
be of such design and the ends of the culvert sections so formed that when they are laid together
they will make a continuous line of culverts with a smooth interior free of appreciable irregularities,
all compatible with the permissible variations hereinafter.
B. Mortar for the keyway shall be a non-shrinking, non-metallic mortar having a minimum compressive
strength at 28 days of 5,000 psi according to Corps of Engineers Specification CRD-C-621, when
prepared to a moderate fluidity (124-145% @ 5 drops). The mortar or grout shall also meet all
other requirements of Specification CRD-C-621. A list of approved mortars will be maintained by
the ODOT Testing Laboratory located in Columbus, Ohio. The mortar shall be prepared, placed
and cured in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Before mortaring the keyway
shall be thoroughly clean of all dirt, dust and other foreign matter. The keyway surfaces shall be
wetted but no free water shall be allowed to remain in the keyway.
C. The joint exterior shall be covered with a minimum of a 9" wrap centered on the joint. The external
wrap shall be as per ASTM C-877, or approved equal. Care shall be exercised to keep the joint
wrap in its proper location during backfilling.
611.06
MANUFACTURE
A. Mixture - Aggregates, cement and water shall be proportioned and mixed in a batch mixer to
produce a homogenous concrete, meeting the strength requirements as stated. In no case
however, shall the proportion of Portland cement be less than 564 lb/cy of concrete. The concrete
shall contain 6 + 2 % entrained air.
B. Forms - The forms used shall be sufficiently rigid and accurate to maintain the culvert dimensions
within the permissible variations given hereinafter. All the casting surfaces shall be of a smooth
material.
C. Curing - The culvert shall be cured for a sufficient length of time so that the concrete will develop
Page 93 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
the specified compressive strength in 28 days or less. Any one of the following methods of curing
or combinations thereof shall be used for culvert sections:
1) Steam Curing - The culvert sections may be low pressure, steam-cured by a system that will
maintain a moist atmosphere. Water Curing - The culvert sections may be water cured by any
method that will keep the sections moist.
2) Forms Left in Place - An accelerated overnight cure accomplished through the use of an
external heat source may be used, provided moisture loss from exposed surfaces is minimized.
The maximum temperature increase or decrease shall be 40 degrees Fahrenheit per hour. The
initial application of the heat shall be two hours after the final placement of concrete to allow the
initial set to take place.
D. Handling - Devices or holes shall be permitted in each culvert section for the purpose of handling.
However, not more than four holes may be cast or drilled in each section. The holes shall be
tapered unless drilled, and before backfilling the tapered holes shall be filled with Portland cement
mortar, or with precast concrete plugs which shall be secured with Portland cement mortar or other
approved adhesive. Drilled holes shall be filled with Portland cement joint wrap material. This wrap
shall have a minimum length and width of 9".
1) Where the culvert is to be placed in a trench, a minimum trench width of 2' on each side of the
conduit shall be required.
611.07
WORKMANSHIP & FINISH
A. The culverts shall be substantially free of fractures. All surfaces shall have a smooth finish. The
ends shall be normal to the walls and center line within the limits of variations given above, except
where beveled ends are specified.
611.08
REPAIRS
A. Culverts may be repaired, if necessary, because of occasional imperfections in manufacture,
handling damage or construction. No additional payment will be made for culvert repairs.
B. Culverts shall be subject to rejections for failure to conform to any of the requirements contained
herein or any of the following:
1) Fractures or cracks passing through the slab or wall. Defects that indicate imperfect
proportioning, mixing, and forming. Honeycombed or open texture. Precast damaged ends,
where such damage would prevent making a satisfactory joint.
611.09
MARKING
A. The following information shall be clearly marked on the interior of the culvert by indentation,
waterproof paint or other means:
1)
2)
3)
4)
611.10
Culvert span and rise
Design earth cover
Date of manufacture
Name or trademark of the manufacturer
INSPECTION
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
A. The quality of materials, the process of manufacturing, and the finished culvert shall be subject to
inspection by the City.
611.11
SEALING
A. One sealer shall be applied on the top surface of the culvert and shall extend 5' vertically down the
sides, except in the keyway. The sealer shall be provided for the full length of the structure.
Surface preparation and application procedures shall be as recommended by the sealer
manufacturer.
611.12
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
A. Footings.
1) The culverts shall be installed on footings. The design of the footings shall be determined by a
licensed professional Engineer. The footings shall be given a smooth float finish and shall
reach a compressive strength of 2,000 psi before placement of the culvert sections. The
completed footing surface shall be constructed in accordance with grades shown on the plans.
When tested with a 10' straightedge, the surface shall not vary more than ¼” in 10'. If a precast
concrete footer is used, the contractor shall prepare a 4" thick layer of compacted granular (Item
304 aggregate) material the full width of the footer prior to placing the precast footer.
B. Placement of the Culverts.
1) The culverts shall be placed as shown on the City's plan drawing. Special care shall be taken in
setting the culverts to the true line and grade. The culverts shall be set on steel shims. A
minimum of ½” gap shall be provided between the footing and the bottom of the culvert's vertical
legs. The gap shall be filled with a non-shrink cement grout.
C. External Protection of Joints.
1) The butt joint made by two adjoining culverts shall be covered with a minimum of a 9" wide joint
wrap. The surface shall be free of dirt before applying the joint material. The external wrap
shall be per ASTM C-877-77, Specification for External Sealing bands, or approved equal. The
joint shall be covered continuously from the bottom of one culvert section leg, across the top
and to the opposite culvert section leg.
2) During the backfilling operation, care shall be taken to keep the joint wrap in its proper location
over the joint.
D. Backfill.
1) Backfill within 4' of the culvert shall be controlled density backfill. All other areas within the rightof-way shall be compacted (95% modified proctor) granular material meeting ODOT #304
specifications.
2) No backfill shall be permitted against the structure until approved by the Engineer. The backfill
shall be placed and compacted to the same elevation on both sides of the culvert and wingwalls
before proceeding to the next layer. Backfill in front of the wing walls shall be carried to ground
lines shown in the plans.
611.13
PAYMENT
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
611
UNIT
LF
DESCRIPTION
REINFORCED CONCRETE CULVERT (____ “)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 96 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 612 : BORING AND JACKING
612.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item consists of furnishing and installing a steel casing pipe of sufficient diameter to permit the
installation of the sanitary sewer, water line or sanitary force main and encasing the sanitary sewer,
water line or sanitary force main in the steel casing pipe.
B. This item also includes all excavation, removal of water, shoring and bracing, jacking pit and
appurtenances, backstops, jacks, jacking shields, hoods and other incidentals as needed for the
installation.
C. The steel casing pipe may be installed by jacking and hand mining or by spoil removal with a boring
auger.
612.02
MATERIALS
A. Steel Casing Pipe.
1) Casing pipe shall be steel pipe meeting the requirements of ASTM A-139, Electric-Fusion (ARC)
Welded Steel Pipe (NP54 and over), Grade B, leak proof construction capable of withstanding
Cooper E-80 loading. Pipe shall be seamless or have not more than one (1) longitudinal weld.
Minimum yield strength shall be 35,000 psi and a tensile strength of 60,000 psi.
2) Minimum wall thickness and inside diameter of casing pipe shall be as shown in Table 612-1,
Minimum Wall Thickness of Steel Casing Pipe.
TABLE 612-1
MINIMUM WALL THICKNESS OF STEEL
CASING PIPE
NOMINAL PIPE
NOMINAL WALL
DIAMETER
THICKNESS
12”
0.250”
18”
0.312”
20”
0.344”
22”
0.344”
24”
0.375”
30”
0.469”
34”
0.532”
36”
0.532”
38”
0.562”
40”
0.594”
48”
0.688”
3) Refer to Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details, or as specified on the drawings.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
4) All exterior and interior surfaces of the pipe, except for a band at the ends of the pipe lengths to
be joined by field welding, must be shop coated with one coat of Koppers Bitumastic Super
Service Black; Tnemec Heavy Duty Black 46-449; Mobil 35-J-10; or Equal.
B. Joints: Continuously butt welded around circumference of pipe, performed in accordance with the
procedures, materials, and equipment specified by the American Welding Society.
C. End Seals: The ends of the casing pipe must be sealed in such a way as to prevent the entrance of
foreign material, but allow leakage to pass in the event of a carrier pipe break. End seals must
consist of concrete brick and/or brick masonry laid up to form a seal in the pipe end. The lower pipe
end seal (only) must be provided with a 4” diameter PVC drainage pipe placed longitudinally along
the bottom of the casing pipe and through the end seal. The PVC drainage pipe must extend no
more than 1 inch past the interior and exterior faces of the end seal.
D. Carrier Pipe:
1) The carrier pipe material, joint type, class, thickness, coating, finish, etc., shall be as shown on
the drawings and shall conform to the standard specifications.
2) The carrier pipe shall be furnished with restrained joints throughout the casing pipe and 5 feet
beyond each end or as specified.
E. Grout shall be non-shrink conforming to ASTM C-387.
F. Sand shall be natural sand or sand manufactured from stone and shall be clean, sharp, and free
from organic impurities and other deleterious substances. Sand shall conform to the following sieve
analysis:
SIEVE SIZE
4.75 mm (No. 4)
2.36 mm (No. 8)
300 Φm (No 50)
150 Φm (No 100)
75 Φm (No 200)
612.03
TOTAL PERCENT PASSING
100
95-100
10-40
0-10
0-5
PRODUCT DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. Materials shall be delivered, handled, and stored in such manner to prevent damage.
B. Damaged materials shall be rejected by the Engineer and replaced by the contractor at his/her
expense.
612.04
QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Manufacturer Qualifications:
1) Provide steel casing pipe or steel liner plates and accessories manufactured by a single firm
specializing in the production of this work and complying with all applicable standards of
American Railway Engineering Association (AREA) and American Association of State Highway
and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
B. Installer’s Qualifications and Experience:
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
1) Installer shall be a specialist in the installation of casing pipes by jacking or boring and shall
have at least five years experience in this specialty. Installer shall have satisfactorily
constructed completely in Installer’s own name, during the past five years, installations which
are comparable in diameter and length to that shown and specified herein.
2) Installer shall use only personnel thoroughly trained and experienced in the skills required. The
field supervisor of the operations and any machine operator shall have not less than 12 months
experience in the operations of the equipment being used.
3) Welds shall be made only by personnel who have been previously qualified by test as
prescribed by the Structural Welding Society to perform the type of work required. Installer shall
show proof of certification when requested by the Engineer.
C. Requirements of Regulatory Agencies
1) Contractor shall perform boring, jacking, and/or tunneling work in compliance with applicable
requirement of governing authorities having jurisdiction and shall obtain all necessary permits
for work. Contractor shall also obtain permits as required by local state and federal agencies for
discharging water from excavations. The contractor shall comply with all provisions of these
permits at the Contractor’s own expense.
2) The Contractor shall provide insurance, bonds, and guarantees, and any other items required
by the governing authorities at Contractor’s own expense for all items for complete installation of
boring and jacking. The Contractor’s responsibility under this paragraph includes, but is not
limited to, the following:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Constructing and removing temporary facilities or structures.
Providing details of construction methods.
Providing detailed construction schedules.
Reimbursing the applicable authority for all expenses incurred by them in connection with
the work, including inspection costs.
e. Traffic maintenance.
f. Coordination of scheduling with the authority.
g. Necessary clean-up and restoration.
D. Design Criteria:
1) The Contractor shall be wholly responsible for designing, installing and operating the jacking
and boring system the Contractor selects as is necessary to satisfactorily accomplish all
operations.
2) Tolerances:
a. The casing pipes shall be installed on the lines and grades shown on the plans and within
tolerances required to allow the gravity sanitary sewer main, water main, or sanitary force
main to be installed in accordance with the lines and grades shown on the plans.
b. Allowable vertical tolerance as follows:
I.
II.
Railroad Crossing = 0.20 ft.
Road Crossing = 0.06 ft.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
c. Allowable Horizontal Tolerance = 0.50 ft. (all crossings)
E. Reference Standards:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
AASHTO, Interim Specification for Steel Tunnel Liner Plates.
AREA Chapter 1, Part 4, Jacking Culvert Pipe through Fills.
AREA Chapter 1, Part 5, Specification for Pipelines Conveying Non-Flammable Substances.
ASTM A-53, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless.
ASTM A-139, Electric-Fusion (ARC) Welded Steel Grade B; ASTM A-252, Welded and
Seamless Steel Pipes, Grade 2.
6) ASTM A-153, Zinc-Coating (Hot Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware.
7) ASTM A-307, Low-Carbon Steel Externally and Internally Threaded Standard Fasteners.
8) ASTM A-569, Hot-Rolled, Carbon Steel Sheets and Strip, Commercial Quality.
9) ASTM C-109, Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2" or 50 mm Cube
Specimens).
10) ASTM C-150, Portland cement.
11) AWS D-1.1, Structural Welding Code.
612.05
SUBMITTALS
A. Within 30 days of Notice to Proceed submit for approval the following:
1) Method of installation and evidence of Contractors experience in tunneling.
2) Drawings and details showing the casing pipe proposed. Drawings shall give location of grout
holes and all pertinent design criteria.
3) Calculations demonstrating that the casing pipe provides adequate strength commensurate with
the dead load, live load and depth of cover.
4) Casing pipe and carrier pipe installation procedure including equipment and manpower
schedule.
5) Details of access or jacking pit, sheeting and bracing and analysis of soil capacity behind
backstop to sustain maximum jacking loads. All details and calculations shall be stamped by a
professional engineer licensed in Ohio.
6) Description of boring or jacking method; procedure; equipment; manpower schedule; design of
leading edge shield and method of directional control; bulk heading procedures and breasting
jacks to support excavation face; and a certificate from manufacturer or professional engineer
that casing pipe can withstand maximum jacking forces imposed, if applicable.
7) Grouting system including equipment, procedure, and schedule.
8) Dewatering system.
9) Protection methods.
B. During progress of the work, keep an up-to-date set of drawings showing field and shop drawing
modifications. Submit reproducible Mylars at a scale satisfactory to City that show the actual inplace installation of casing pipe or tunnel liners and all piping installed under this section. The
drawings shall show all piping on plans and in sections and grouting details, with all reference
dimensions and elevations required for complete record drawing of the work.
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612.06
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
JOB CONDITIONS
A. Existing structures are typically shown on the drawings and include certain surface and
underground structures adjacent to the work. This information is obtained from existing record
drawings and ground surveys and is shown for the convenience of the contractor. The Contractor
shall explore ahead of the required excavation to determine the exact location of all structures.
Structures shall be supported and protected from damage by the Contractor. If structures are
damaged, they shall be restored immediately by the Contractor at Contractors expense.
B. Existing utilities shall be located in the areas of work. If utilities are to remain in place, the
Contractor shall provide adequate means of protection during boring and jacking operations.
1) Should uncharted or incorrectly charted piping or other utilities be encountered during
excavation, consult the Engineer immediately for directions as to procedure. Cooperate with the
Owner of the utility service in keeping respective services and facilities in operation. Repair
damaged utilities to satisfaction of utility owner.
2) Do not interrupt existing utilities serving facilities occupied and used by the City of Fairborn,
WPAFB, or others, except when permitted in writing by the Engineer and then only after
acceptable temporary utility services have been provided.
C. Protection shall be provided by guardrails, fences, signs, lights, barricades, barrels, and all other
protective items necessary in accordance with the requirements of all applicable permits, laws,
regulations, and ordinances, and as necessary to prevent damage or injury to private or public
property or to workers or the general public.
D. The Contractor shall adequately support and protect structures, utilities, pavements and facilities
that are encountered, or may be affected by, the work from damage caused by settlement, lateral
movement, undermining, washout and other hazards created by boring and jacking operations.
E. The Contractor shall observe all necessary and appropriate safety precautions in accordance with
OSHA requirements and all other applicable safety rules, regulations, and practices. The
Contractor shall maintain the air in the excavation in a condition suitable for the health of workers at
all times.
F. All excavations shall be sheeted, shored and braced as required to prevent subsurface subsidence.
G. Access and jacking pits shall be kept dewatered, and pumps shall be attended on a 24-hour basis,
if conditions so require. Close observation shall be maintained to deter any settlement or
displacement of facilities during dewatering operations. Dewater into a sediment trap and comply
with applicable environmental protection criteria.
612.07
INSPECTION
A. Inspections shall be as required by the City or regulatory authority.
B. The Contractor shall examine the areas and conditions under which boring and jacking are to be
performed and notify the Engineer of conditions they may find that are detrimental to the proper and
timely completion of the work. The Contractor is responsible for identifying any condition that may
be detrimental to the proper and timely completion of work and shall use all methods necessary to
identify these conditions including, but not limited to, soil borings, site investigations, and existing
records. Do not proceed with the work until satisfactory conditions have been corrected in an
Page 101 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
acceptable manner.
612.08
PREPARATION
A. Access pits at each end of the crossings shall be sufficiently large to permit satisfactory installation
of the casing pipe. All excavation, backfill, sheeting, shoring, bracing, and dewatering shall comply
with the applicable requirements of these specifications and the requirements of the applicable
authorities.
B. The contractor shall provide control points for the casing installation. Contractor shall protect and
safeguard such control points from damage or movement, and utilize the control points to install the
casing within the line and grade tolerance specified.
612.09
INSTALLATION
A. General:
1) Installation methods shall be by boring and jacking a steel casing pipe by hand or mechanical
excavation. The method used shall be as indicated on the drawings or approved by the
Engineer.
2) Adequate methods of dewatering shall be provided to produce satisfactory and safe working
conditions and meet environmental requirements.
3) Soils shall be stabilized at the excavation face using chemical grout or other approved means
where necessary to advance the excavation without loss of ground.
4) Bentonite slurry or other lubricant shall be used to facilitate the jacking operation, if necessary.
5) Installation of the carrier pipe shall be performed so as not to damage the pipe or joints.
6) Any pit necessary in the performance of the work shall be located as approved by the Engineer
and adequately sheeted and shored to protect the work, all persons and adjacent property.
B. Installation of Steel Casing Pipe by Jacking:
1) Steel casing pipe shall be installed in accordance with current ODOT requirements and
American Railroad Engineering Association specifications and local authority requirements.
Casing pipe shall be of the size and thicknesses as required by the plans and/or specifications.
2) Bracing and backstops and jacks of sufficient rating shall be used such that jacking can be
accomplished in a continuous manner until the leading edge of the pipe reaches the final
position shown on the drawings.
3) If voids develop around the casing pipe as it is jacked, cement grout shall be pumped to fill all
such voids, or fill by other means acceptable to the Engineer. All voids shall be filled as soon as
possible after completion of jacking operation.
4) If an obstruction is encountered during installation stopping the forward action of the casing
pipe, and it becomes evident that it is impossible to advance the pipe, the contractor shall
remove obstruction at the leading end of the casing pipe. No blasting shall be permitted.
C. Installation of Steel Casing Pipe by Boring
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
1) The Contractor shall provide the front of the casing pipe with suitable mechanical arrangements
or devices that will positively prevent the auger and cutting head from leading the pipe so that
there will be no unsupported excavation ahead of the pipe.
2) The equipment and mechanical arrangement or devices used to bore and remove the earth
shall be removable from within the casing pipe in the event an obstruction is encountered.
3) The face of the cutting edge shall be arranged to provide reasonable obstruction to the free flow
of soft or poor soil.
4) Water or other liquids shall not be used to facilitate casing emplacement or spoil removal.
5) If voids develop around the casing pipe as it is bored, cement grout shall be pumped to fill all
such voids, or fill by other means acceptable to the Engineer. All voids shall be filled as soon as
possible after completion of boring operation.
6) If an obstruction is encountered during installation stopping the forward action of the casing
pipe, and it becomes evident that it is impossible to advance the pipe, the contractor shall
remove obstruction at the leading end of the casing pipe. No blasting shall be permitted.
D. Installation of the Gravity Sewer, Force Main or Carrier Pipe
1) After completion of the steel casing pipe, the carrier pipe shall be installed and pressure tested
by an approved method.
2) Pipe shall be laid to the line and grade shown on the drawings.
3) The pipe shall be blocked in place using approved treated wood skids in accordance with the
detail as shown on the drawings. Care shall be taken to prevent disturbances to the joints.
4) The contractor shall repair, replace or take whatever action is deemed necessary by the
Engineer to correct all disturbed joints at no additional cost to the owner.
E. Bulkheads (Carrier Pipe Installation Only):
1) After the carrier pipe is installed in the steel casing pipe and successfully pressure tested,
bulkheads shall be constructed as shown on the drawings.
2) Prior to the installation of bulkheads, the carrier pipe shall be properly and sufficiently secured
against flotation and against all movement which would disturb joints.
a. The contractor shall be responsible for maintaining all joints.
b. The contractor shall repair, replace, or take whatever action is deemed necessary by the
Engineer to correct all disturbed joints at no additional cost to the owner.
F. Annular Space:
1) The annular space in the casing shall be filled with sand.
2) Sand shall be pumped through a trimme pipe delivering sand material from the higher end of the
casing to the face of the lower end bulkhead in such a manner as to completely fill the annular
Page 103 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
space without disturbing the carrier pipe.
G. Dispose of by-products of operations in accordance with all applicable codes, regulations,
ordinances, laws, etc. Excess excavated material shall be hauled off-site to final disposal on a daily
basis.
612.10
MEASUREMENT
A. Boring and Jacking length shall be measured along the centerline of the casing pipe in place within
the limits specified or shown.
612.11
PAYMENT
A. The quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each of
the particular pay items listed below that are shown in the bid schedule, which price and payment
shall be full compensation for furnishing all material and for all labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the item.
B. When an item of work is not specifically included in the bid schedule, the performance of that item
will be considered a subsidiary obligation of the contractor, the cost of which is to be included in
other items of the contract.
ITEM
612
UNIT
LF
DESCRIPTION
BORING AND JACKING
** END OF SECTION **
Page 104 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 613 : LOW STRENGTH MORTAR (LSM) OR CONTROLLED
DENSITY FILL (CDF) BACKFILL
613.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the placement of low strength mortar backfill (LSM), also known as
controlled density fill (CDF), a flowable material consisting of Portland Cement, water, sand and/or
fly ash with an expected 28 day unconfined compressive strength greater than 50 PSI and less than
200 PSI. This item shall be used for backfilling excavation for conduits or at locations as shown on
the plans or as directed by the Engineer. The material shall have a dry unit weight greater than 50
PCF and less than 125 PCF, unless otherwise specified per plan or by the Engineer.
B. This item shall meet the requirements of ODOT Item 613 and in conformance with the lines, grades,
thicknesses, and typical cross sections shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
C. The following excerpts from the ODOT specification have been listed for the convenience of field
personnel. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to refer to the complete ODOT item for all
requirements to satisfactorily complete this item.
613.02
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement of low strength mortar backfill shall be the number of cubic yards, linear
feet, or lump sum computed from the plan lines, and placed. No additional compensation shall be
allowed for over excavated areas.
613.03
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
UNIT
613
CY
DESCRIPTION
LOW STRENGTH MORTAR BACKFILL (LSM)
or
CONTROLLED DENSITY FILL (CDF)
** END OF SECTION **
Page 105 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 614 : MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC
614.01
DESCRIPTION
A. Work covered in this item consists of furnishing all labor, materials, equipment and any necessary
support for the maintenance of vehicular and pedestrian traffic (MOT). Conform to the
requirements of the plan, standard construction drawings shown on the plans, and the Ohio Manual
of Unified Traffic Control Devices (OMUTCD), for the installation, maintenance, and operation of all
traffic controls and traffic control devices. When the plans or standard construction drawings do not
cover a specific traffic control situation, place the necessary traffic control devices according to the
OMUTCD and use the procedures required by the OMUTCD.
B. This work consists of maintaining and protecting vehicular and pedestrian traffic according to these
provisions. Through traffic, road closings, detours or other traffic control measures shall be as
provided in the Special Provisions, or the plans, or as directed by the Engineer.
C. Construct and maintain facilities for vehicular and pedestrian traffic of the roadway, including all
walks, roads, bridges, culverts, and traffic control devices.
D. Sign and maintain roadway surfaces for the duration of the project until the roadway is ready to
open for traffic, or as directed by the Engineer.
E. Furnish, install, maintain, and subsequently remove work zone marking signs and their supports
within the work limits, including signs related to detours.
F. Coordinate MOT with the Engineer, Street Department, Police Department, Fire Department and
other affected transportation and utility agencies. When state routes are within the project limits,
provide all documentation and secure all required permits from the Ohio Department of
Transportation (ODOT).
614.02
MATERIALS
A. All traffic control devices shall be furnished by the Contractor and shall be erected and maintained
in compliance with the latest edition of the OMUTCD, according to size, shape, color and retro
reflectivity.
B. Traffic control devices provided shall be certified to meet NCHRP 350 safe-crash standards.
C. Signs required for this project may include, but are not limited to the following:
1) LEFT LANE CLOSED AHEAD
7) ROAD WORK AHEAD
2) RIGHT LANE CLOSED AHEAD
8) ROUGH ROAD
3) KEEP LEFT
9) DETOUR
4) KEEP RIGHT
10) UNEVEN ROAD
5) WORKERS AHEAD
11) ROAD CLOSED
6) SLOW
12) NO PASSING
Page 106 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
614.03
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
EXECUTION
A. Qualified flaggers shall be provided by the Contractor to maintain traffic on thoroughfare streets.
Off-duty or retired City of Fairborn Police officers may be used by the Contractor in lieu of flaggers.
The Contractor shall schedule the project in such a manner as to minimize both the extent and
duration of the disruption of traffic and to maximize safety.
B. Contractor shall notify the Police Department seventy-two (72) hours in advance prior to performing
work in the Right-Of-Way. Street closures shall first be approved by the Engineer or the Director of
Public Administrative Services prior to the closure. A seventy-two (72) hour notice is required prior
to closure. Submit a proper traffic control plan to the Engineer or Director for approval.
C. When work requires the closing of an intersecting street, proper signs and barricades shall be in
place at a location where traffic can follow an alternate route. Closure shall be kept to a minimum
and only until such time as the street can be safely re-opened to traffic.
D. Throughout construction, furnish, erect, maintain, and subsequently remove all signs, lights,
barricades and other traffic control devices required by the OMUTCD, plans, standard construction
drawings or as directed by the Engineer for the maintenance of local traffic.
E. For local traffic, provide and safely maintain drives, roads, run-arounds, walks, structures, and other
facilities. Provide safe vehicular and pedestrian ingress and egress for all property adjacent to any
improvement. Provide approaches and crossings of intersecting roadways and maintain them in a
safe condition. Maintenance includes snow and ice removal as needed.
F. When the roadway under construction is being used by through traffic, including periods of
suspension of the work, maintain it so that it is smooth, free from holes, ruts, ridges, bumps, and
dust. For portions of roadway being used, provide for free drainage of the area.
G. All temporary traffic control devices shall be removed as soon as practical when no longer needed.
When work is suspended for a period longer than two (2) days, temporary traffic control devices
that are no longer appropriate shall be removed or covered until removal.
614.04
MEASUREMENT
A. The Engineer will measure the MOT as a one-time, lump sum quantity for the project.
614.05
PAYMENT
A. Payment will be for the accepted quantities at the contract unit price and will be full compensation
for the cost of furnishing and placing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, final cleanup and any
incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
UNIT
DESCRIPTION
614
LS
MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC
** END OF SECTION **
Page 107 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 621 : RAISED PAVEMENT MARKER (RPM)
621.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This work consists of preparing the pavement and furnishing and placing plowable raised pavement
marker castings (RPMs) and prismatic retro reflectors. This item also includes removal of existing
RPMs for disposal.
621.02
MATERIALS
A. Furnish materials from ODOT’s Qualified Products List (QPL) conforming to the following:
1)
Raised Pavement Marker Castings. Ensure that the casting is nodular iron according to
ASTM A 536, hardened to 51-55 RC, snow plowable in the two opposing longitudinal directions
and designed to accommodate a replacement prismatic retro reflector.
2)
Prismatic Retro reflector and Adhesive. Furnish reflectors that contain one or two prismatic
reflective faces to reflect incident light from a single or opposite directions. Furnish reflectors
with nominal dimensions of 4” x 2” x 0.48”. Ensure that the reflector fits securely in the
recessed area and does not protrude above the profile of the casting. Retro-reflector colors to
be as per plan or as directed by the Engineer.
Furnish manufacturer recommended retro reflector adhesive to bond the prismatic retro
reflectors to the casting.
3)
Casting Adhesive. Furnish adhesive according to AASHTO M 237, Type IV, except that the
viscosity is 200 to 900 Poise at 77 + 2°F and the unit weight is 11.3 to 11.9 pounds per gallon.
B. Before installation, a sample of the products to be used on the project shall be verified to be on the
Qualified Products List (QPL) by the Engineer. After completion of the work, a spot check of the
castings and retro reflectors is required to verify products used are on the QPL.
621.03
EXECUTION
A. Layout. Before placing RPMs, lay out the location of all RPMs. Locate RPMs within 5 percent of
spacing specified on plan sheets or as determined by the Engineer. Do not place RPMs under the
following conditions:
1) On pavement surfaces with cracking, spalling, or failure of underlying base material.
2) Within 1 foot of active signal detector loop wires. Exercise care to ensure that detector lead-in
cables are not cut.
3) Over pavement markings except with the Engineer’s approval.
4) Closer than 2 inches to a pavement construction (transverse or longitudinal) joint or within an
intersection.
5) Within 3 feet of a bridge expansion joint.
B. If the initial location of a RPM is determined to violate one of the aforementioned conditions,
relocate the affected RPM longitudinally. Relocate the RPM within a distance not exceeding 25
percent of the specified RPM spacing. If necessary to relocate the RPM to a distance greater than
25 percent of the specified RPM spacing, do not install the affected RPM.
C. RPMs along double yellow centerline are to be placed in line or on line, but no closer than 2” to a
pavement construction (transverse or longitudinal) joint. RPMs installed along a channelizing line
Page 108 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
are to be placed no more than 1 inch from the edge of the painted line and no closer than 2” to a
pavement construction (transverse or longitudinal) joint. Place the RPMs installed along a lane line
or dashed yellow centerline between and in line with the dashes no closer than 2” to a pavement
construction (transverse or longitudinal) joint.
D. Install replacement RPMs within 3 feet longitudinally of a damaged or missing RPM.
E. Installation of RPM Casting.
1) Cut parallel slots with 1/16” to 1/8” clearance on each side for installing RPM castings.
2) Pavement cuts should be inspected prior to adding casting adhesive.
3) When a casting is inserted in the cut without casting adhesive to test proper cut, at least 3 of the
4 leveling lugs/tabs must contact the pavement surface and all four keel-ends of castings must
be below the pavement surface.
4) Each casting must be centered lengthwise and should have 1/16” to 1/8” clearance between
pavement cut and casting for casting adhesive to bond properly. Only the leveling lugs/tabs
should be in contact with the pavement surface after insertion of casting in pavement so that a
minimum of 1/16” of casting adhesive is the bonding adhesive between the casting and
pavement. The casting adhesive must fill all voids.
5) The pavement cut must be completely dry and free of dust, dirt or any other material that will
interfere with the adhesive bond to the casting and the pavement. Casting adhesive on the
active reflector face must be removed immediately.
6) Install the RPM casting within 24 hours after cutting the slots into the pavement. On new
pavement surfaces, the Contractor may begin RPM placement as soon as the pavement
markings for that section are completed and dry.
7) Ensure that the RPM casting is free of dirt, dust, oil, grease, rust, moisture, or any foreign matter
that impairs adhesion to the pavement.
8) Place RPMs when the pavement surface temperature and the ambient air temperature are at
least 40° F and the pavement is dry. Heat both parts of the RPM casting adhesive to 100° ± 10°
F during installation when either the pavement surface or ambient air temperature is between
40° and 50° F.
Ambient Air
Temperature
(Fahrenheit)
100°
90°
80°
70°
60°
50°
40°
Minimum Period
Protected from
Traffic
(Minutes)
15
20
25
30
35
45
60
9) Do not allow traffic on the RPMs until the adhesive has cured.
10)
Approved casting adhesive is used to fill the pavement cut to within approximately 3/8” of the top
of the pavement cut. A minimum of 3 of the 4 leveling lugs/tabs must be in contact with the
pavement surface and the casting adhesive should ooze out from under the casting from all sides
filling all voids around the casting and be level with the pavement surface.
Page 109 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
Mix the casting adhesive according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Complete the
mixing operation and placing of the RPMs rapidly. Do not use any mixed batch that becomes so
viscous that it cannot be readily extruded from under the RPM with light pressure.
C. Installation of RPM Retro reflector.
11)
1) Attach the reflector to the casting before installation or after the adhesive in the pavement slots
has cured.
2) Remove all dirt, dust, oil, grease, rust, moisture, parts of damaged reflectors, or any foreign
matter that impairs adhesion of the reflector to the casting.
3) Peel the release liner from the back of the reflector with butyl pad. Apply a wide bead
(approximately 3/8”) of an ODOT approved reflector adhesive sufficient to squeeze out on all
sides when pressure is applied to seat the reflector.
4) Apply approximately 100 pounds of pressure on the reflector or foot pressure for 1 to 3
seconds. Do not allow adhesive material on the reflective surface of the reflector. Any
adhesive on the active reflector must be removed immediately.
5) Apply the reflector when the pavement surface temperature and the ambient air temperature are
at least 35°F and the casting surface is dry. Do not attach the reflector to the casting when rain
over the work site is imminent.
D. Reflector Replacement.
1) Replace damaged, non-retro reflective, or missing reflectors within the existing marker
installations where the casting remains intact with the appropriate reflector type. The
Engineer will determine the location of replacement reflectors.
2) Perform the cleaning and attachment procedure for replacing reflectors within existing RPM
installations according to 621.03 (B).
E. Reflector Color.
1) Use the appropriate reflector color for the following applications:
a. Channelizing Lines – White / red two-way reflectors with white facing traffic.
b. Lane Lines - White one-way or white / red two-way reflectors as specified, with white facing
traffic.
c. Edge Lines - One-way reflectors facing traffic matching the edge line color or two-way
reflectors with the edge line color facing traffic and red in the opposite direction.
d. Center Lines - Yellow two-way reflectors.
621.04
MEASUREMENT
A. The Engineer will measure Raised Pavement Markers by the number of each furnished, complete
with reflectors, in place, and accepted.
The Engineer will measure Raised Pavement Markers Removed by the number. Payment will
include the cost of asphalt concrete to fill depressions caused by removal of the castings.
621.05
PAYMENT
A. Payment will be for the accepted quantities at the contract unit price and will be full compensation
for the cost of furnishing and placing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, final cleanup and any
incidentals necessary to complete this item.
Page 110 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
ITEM
UNIT
621
621
EA
EA
City of Fairborn
DESCRIPTION
RAISED PAVEMENT MARKER (RPM)
RAISED PAVEMENT MARKER REMOVED
** END OF SECTION **
Page 111 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 623 : CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT STAKES
623.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and maintaining construction layout stakes necessary
for the proper prosecution of the work under the contract, all in accordance with these
specifications.
623.02
GENERAL
A. The City will furnish benchmarks and reference points for the centerline. The contractor shall
provide field forces and set all additional stakes for the project. The contractor shall be responsible
for having the finished work conform to the lines, grades, elevations, and dimensions called for in
the plans. The contractor shall exercise care in the preservation of stakes and benchmarks and
shall have them re-set at no additional cost for the City. The contractor shall use competent
personnel and suitable equipment for the layout work required and shall provide that it be done
under the supervision of a Registered Professional Engineer or a Registered Surveyor.
623.03
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
623
UNIT
LS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT STAKES
** END OF SECTION **
Page 112 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 630 : TRAFFIC SIGNS AND SIGN SUPPORTS
630.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of furnishing and installing traffic signs, sign supports and foundations,
complete and ready for service, in conformance with the types, colors, locations, dimensions, and
grades shown on the plans and/or as specified. This work shall also include necessary excavation
and backfill and disposal of discarded materials and restoration of disturbed facilities and surfaces
to a condition equal to that existing before this work started.
630.02
MATERIALS
A. Traffic control signs shall conform to the Ohio Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Traffic
control signs shall be comprised of 3M High Intensity Prismatic sheeting on .080 gauge aluminum.
STOP signs shall be 30" x 30" and YIELD signs shall be 36" x 36" x 36".
B. Street name signs shall be on 9" flat .080 gauge aluminum plates with 3M High Intensity Prismatic
sheeting. These signs shall be double sided with black letters on a white background with a Lyle
"E" Series black border. Letters shall be 6" upper and lower case for the street name and 3" upper
and lower case for a suffix and/or prefix.
C. Traffic control signs with street name signs shall be mounted on a 2" standard galvanized pipe post,
and signs without street name signs shall be mounted on 3" standard channel post.
D. R2-1 SPEED LIMIT 35 signs, 24" x 30", 3M high intensity sheeting, 0.080 aluminum, to be installed
on a green enamel finished U-channel posts.
E. R7-1 NO PARKING AT ANY TIME (double arrow), 12" x 18", 3M high intensity sheeting, 0.080
aluminum, to be installed with Minus 4-SS stainless steel bracket (Hall signs #D001 or equal) and
stainless steel bands on street light poles if available or on green enamel finished U-channel posts.
630.03
INSTALLATION
A. Traffic control signs mounted on a 2" standard pipe post shall have a minimum of two u-clamps.
The post shall be installed 3’ below ground and embedded in 2'-6" Class "C" concrete. The bottom
of the traffic control sign shall be mounted 7’ above the ground. The edge of the sign should be
offset two feet from the face of curb or edge of pavement. If space is limited, the offset can be
reduced to one foot if approved by the Engineer. Traffic control signs without street name signs
shall be mounted on a 3" u-channel post with the same height and offset requirements as the 2"
standard galvanized pipe post. If used, u-channel posts must be driven at least 36” into the ground.
B. The traffic control sign should be located as close as possible to the point where the vehicle is to
stop. It shall be no closer than four feet or no farther than fifty feet from the edge of pavement
extended or curb line extended of the crossing street.
C. R2-1 SPEED LIMIT 35 signs and the R7-1 NO PARKING AT ANY TIME (double arrow). The
bottom of the signs shall be 7' from the top of the finished roadway. The U-channel posts shall be
driven 36"-48" deep.
Page 113 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
630.04
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for “Traffic Control Signs” and “Street Name Signs” shall be each sign
installed complete and in place.
630.05
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
C. In new subdivisions, the developer shall be responsible for installing all traffic control signs and
street name signs per City of Fairborn specifications.
ITEM
630
630
630
630
630
UNIT
EA
EA
EA
EA
EA
DESCRIPTION
STREET SIGN (9”)
STOP SIGN
YIELD SIGN
R2-1 SPEED LIMIT 35 SIGNS
R7-1 NO PARKING AT ANY TIME
** END OF SECTION **
Page 114 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 637 : FIRE HYDRANTS
637.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of excavation and furnishing and installing a new fire hydrant.
B. All hydrants shall have a 5-inch Storz connection. The Storz shall be integral to the hydrant.
637.02
MATERIALS
A. Fire hydrants shall conform to all applicable requirements of AWWA C502, Dry Barrel Fire Hydrants
(Include Addendum C502a-95).
B. Fire hydrants shall be of the following manufacturers/types:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Mueller Super Centurion A-423
Clow Medallion
American Darling B-62-B
Waterous
Dresser M&H Style 929 Reliant
C. The hydrants shall be supplied with 6” mechanical joint hub inlet unless otherwise specified.
D. The hydrants shall incorporate a ground line breakable component at flange stem coupling so
designed that when the hydrant is subjected to severe impact, the special component will shear off
at the ground line without damage to the hydrant barrel. The main valve shall remain closed if the
barrel section and upper stem is separated from the remainder of the hydrant.
E. The hydrant shall have a minimum main valve opening of 5.25” and shall have a 4” pumper
connection and two, 2.5” hose connections.
F. The type of thread for the two types of nozzles shall be Dayton standard.
G. The caps and operating nut shall be pentagonal in shape, measuring 1.5” from point to flat.
H. Opening direction shall be counterclockwise.
I.
The fire hydrants shall be furnished with drain valves which shall open when the main valve is
closed and shall drain the standpipe completely unless otherwise specified. The drain valves shall
close when the hydrant main valve is opened in such a manner that there will be no leakage
through the waste outlets.
637.03
COLOR
A. The fire hydrants shall be painted Euclid Green (Sherwin Williams #B54W102, Industrial Enamel
MDTN).
Page 115 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
637.04
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
INSTALLATION OF HYDRANTS
A. Fire hydrants shall be set at the locations shown on the construction drawings or as directed by the
Engineer. Fire hydrant assemblies shall have 4'-6" of cover measured from finish grade to the top
of the pipe.
B. Fire hydrants shall be installed in such a manner as to provide complete accessibility and also in
such a manner that the possibility of damage from vehicles or injury to pedestrians shall be
minimized.
C. All gate valves on hydrant branches shall be placed adjacent to the mainline and anchored to the
mainline tee with an anchoring piece. The rest of the fire hydrant lead shall have restrained joints.
1) A mechanical joint anchoring tee may be substituted for the mainline tee and the hydrant watch
valve connected to the anchoring tee.
A. See Fairborn Engineering Standards for specific dimensions for positioning hydrant during
installation.
637.05
TESTING OF HYDRANTS
A. The main valve inside the hydrants shall be tested as part of the two hour, 150 psi hydrostatic
pressure test on the water main. This will be done by opening the 6” valve on the line to the
hydrant and closing the valve inside the hydrant.
637.06
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for fire hydrants shall be per individual item and shall include the fire
hydrant, watch valve, and fittings required to connect the hydrant to the water main, excavation,
blocking, and backfill, unless otherwise specified in the proposal.
637.07
PAYMENT
A. The quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each of
the particular pay items listed below that are shown in the bid schedule, which price and payment
shall be full compensation for furnishing all material and for all labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the item.
B. When an item of work is not specifically included in the bid schedule, the performance of that item
will be considered a subsidiary obligation of the contractor, the cost of which is to be included in
other items of the contract.
ITEM
637
UNIT
EA
DESCRIPTION
FIRE HYDRANTS
** END OF SECTION **
Page 116 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 638 : WATER MAINS
638.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of water lines.
B. Unless otherwise specified, the pipe used for new water line construction shall be ductile iron.
Other materials, as shown in Section 638.02, can be used for repair of existing water mains if
approved by the Engineer.
C. Building Fire Lines.
B. Commercial and industrial buildings shall have separate domestic and fire lines. See Fairborn
Engineering Standards for further details.
638.02
MATERIALS
A. Ductile Iron Pipe.
1) Material.
a. Ductile iron pipe shall conform to ANSI A21.51/AWWA C151, Ductile Iron Pipe Centrifugally
Cast for Water.
b. Wall Thickness - The minimum wall thickness of ductile iron pipe shall be Class 53, unless
otherwise specified by the Engineer.
2) Joints and Fittings.
a. Mechanical joints, bell and spigot joints, and flange joints for ductile cast iron pipe in sizes 3”
through 48” in diameter shall conform to all of the dimensions, shapes and requirements of
ANSI A21.10/AWWA C110, Ductile Iron Fittings, 3” through 48”, for Water and Other
Liquids, and ANSI A21.11/AWWA C111, Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile Iron Pressure
Pipe and Fittings.
b. Push-on joints shall be a single rubber gasket joint designed to be assembled by the
positioning of a continuous, molded, rubber ring gasket in an annular recess in the pipe and
forcing of the plain end of the entering pipe into the socket, thereby compressing the gasket
radially to the pipe to form a positive seal. The gasket and the annular recess shall be so
designed and shaped that the gasket is locked in place against displacement as the joint is
assembled. The push-on type joint shall conform to the requirements of ANSI
A21.10/AWWA C110, Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3" Through 48" for Water and
Other Liquids, and ANSI A21.11/AWWA C111, Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile Iron
Pressure Pipe and Fittings, where applicable.
c. Pipe and fittings to be jointed with Victaulic couplings shall be furnished with shoulders to
engage the entire inner circumference of the housing-clamp. The outside surface of the
pipe between the shoulder and the pipe end must be smooth and free from deep pits or
Page 117 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
swells to provide a leak-tight seal for the Victaulic gasket. Victaulic couplings for ductile iron
pipe shall consist of malleable iron housing-clamps in two or more parts, a single C-shaped
rubber gasket and two or more track-head steel bolts, cadmium-plated or rust-proofed by a
process acceptable to the Engineer, as required to assemble the housing-clamps. The
coupling shall be of the proper type to encircle the outside diameter of the ductile iron pipe
as specified.
d. The fittings in sizes larger than 12” shall have a pressure rating of 150 psi unless the
proposal sheets and/or the construction drawings stipulate that 250 psi fittings are required.
3) Anchoring Assemblies.
a. Anchoring pieces for setting valves and special bends shall consist of two mechanical joint
ductile iron gland fittings cast integrally with the pipe nipple. The anchoring piece shall have
a minimum laying length of 14”. Anchoring pipe may be furnished with regular anchoring
glands cast with the pipe or with a lock ring, lock plate, and locking gland which will allow
free movement of the standard mechanical joint follower gland.
b. Anchoring pipe may be used to anchor fire hydrants. On fire hydrant branches a
mechanical joint anchoring tee may be substituted for the main line tee and the hydrant
watch valve connected to the anchoring tee. Field lock gaskets may be used to anchor fire
hydrants and pipe.
c. Special anchoring may be required at other places along the pipe lines. Where the
construction drawings call for special anchoring, it shall include the use of mechanical joint
anchoring fittings, retainer glands, couplings, and pipe or positively restrained push-on type
pipe and fittings, which allow for deflection at the joint after assembly.
d. The groove on positively restrained push-on type pipe shall not reduce the wall thickness of
the pipe below the minimum required in ANSI A21.51/AWWA C151, Ductile Iron Pipe,
Centrifugally Cast, for Water, for Class 53 pipe.
4) Linings.
a. The ductile iron pipe and fittings shall be furnished with cement mortar linings in accordance
with ANSI A21.4/AWWA C104, Cement Mortar Lining for Ductile Iron Pipe and Fittings for
Water.
5) Polyethylene Encasement .
a. Polyethylene encasement shall be used where called for on the plans or as directed by the
Engineer. It shall conform to ANSI A21.5/AWWA C105, Polyethylene Encasement for
Ductile Iron Pipe Systems.
6) Marking.
a. Each pipe shall be marked with the manufacturer name or trademark, nominal pipe size,
ASTM designation, and pipe class.
7) Strength and Testing.
a. Pipe shall be acceptable when all test pipe conforms to ANSI A21.51/AWWA C151, Ductile
Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast, for Water. Copies of all tests shall be made available to the
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
Engineer.
638.03
SITE CLEARING AND PROTECTION
A. General.
a. The Contractor shall provide for the following: Existing structure protection and maintenance
pavement protection, care and removal of trees; sod removal, stripping and storage of
topsoil, pavement removal, and the maintenance of the construction area during progress of
the work and the complete restoration of the construction area to its original condition at the
completion of the work.
1) Existing Structure Protection and Maintenance.
a. Use special precautions and methods in excavating under or around existing utilities or
structures to ensure utilities and/or structures are not damaged.
b. Maintain or permit maintenance of existing overhead, surface or subsurface utilities or
structures encountered.
c. Notify the Engineer when interference with an existing utility will occur. Required work shall
continue without delay as directed by the Engineer until the utility is moved or replaced. If a
utility is damaged by the Contractor, other work shall continue until the utility is repaired.
d. Replace utilities disturbed or destroyed with new materials of same size, quality and
dimensions as directed by the Engineer at the Contractor's expense.
e. Field tile and field drains may not be shown on the plans. The Contractor shall replace all
field tile removed during construction operations unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
Approved pipe of the same size shall be used and placed on compacted fill. Length of pipes
shall extend two feet beyond each side of trench. No separate payment will be made for
this work.
2) Pavement Protection.
a. Provide protection of existing streets and structures that are not to be removed as part of the
construction. Roadway surfaces that are to remain in place shall not be damaged or
disturbed in any manner.
b. Roadway damaged or disturbed outside the limits stated shall be replaced at the expense of
the Contractor.
c. Maintain for use during construction all streets, driveways, sidewalks, curbs and gutters,
unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.
d. Restore to their original condition all streets, driveways, sidewalks, curbs, gutters, structures,
and all paved areas that were damaged, disturbed, or occupied by the Contractor in
connection with any phase of the work. Restoration shall be in accordance with City
standards.
3) Care and Removal of Trees.
a. Remove only those trees authorized by the Engineer using methods that provide for
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
adequate protection to adjacent trees and property.
b. Box and protect trees and shrubs not identified for removal.
c. Excavate to minimize damage to roots of existing trees.
d. Remove fences, shrubs, and other existing improvements as directed by the Engineer, and
maintain for future replacement by the Contractor.
e. Trees and shrubs outside the temporary construction easement shall not be trimmed,
removed, or otherwise disturbed by the Contractor except with the express written
permission of the owner of the property.
f.
Any trees or shrubs which are damaged by the Contractor's operations shall be satisfactorily
repaired, removed and replaced by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense under the
direction of the Engineer.
4) Sod Removal.
a. Existing sod may be removed to re-sod disturbed areas.
b. Cut sod into rectangular sections of uniform width not to exceed 18”.
c. Cut to depth of 2”.
d. Store sod in layers with grass to grass and roots to roots.
e. Spray stored sod with water and cover with moist burlap.
5) Stripping and Storage of Topsoil.
a. Remove and dispose of all leaves, weeds, lumber and debris present on site prior to the
removal of topsoil.
b. Remove topsoil to such depth and from such areas as directed by the Engineer.
c. Remove and dispose of roots and other debris and store topsoil in piles as directed by the
Engineer.
6) Pavement Removal.
a. Use such suitable equipment, tools and methods for cutting and trimming which will remove
the road surface materials to a neat line at the limits of the top of the trench or to the limits
indicated on the construction drawings.
7) Maintenance of the Construction Area during Progress of the Work.
a. The Contractor shall control dust and mud.
b. Mailboxes, road or street signs shall be removed and erected in a temporary location and
directed by the Engineer.
8) Restoration of the Construction Area.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
a. When or where any direct or indirect damage is done to any property, the Contractor shall
restore, at his/her own expense, such property to a condition similar or equal to that existing
before such damage was done.
638.04
INSTALLATION - GENERAL
A. Excavation.
1) Make all necessary excavation to the lines and grades shown on the drawings or as specified.
2) Store excavated material suitable for backfill adjacent to excavation.
3) Do not store excavated material on sidewalks or driveways.
4) Prevent surface drainage from flowing into excavations.
5) Provide and maintain safe crossing for vehicle traffic. Use steel plates or aluminum ramps as
needed.
6) Where excavation is required within the spread of trees that are to remain, the trench shall be
excavated by hand. Pipe space may be tunneled under tree roots, as approved by the
Engineer.
7) Trench Width.
a. The trench shall be excavated to meet the trench dimensions as shown in Fairborn
Engineering Standards.
8) Trench Depth.
a. The trench depth shall be as required to install pipe at the grade shown or as specified.
b. Existing ground elevations shall be determined from field survey of profile.
c. Excavate trenches 3” to 6” below the pipe barrel and provide 3” clearance below bells. Do
not over-excavate.
9) Water Removal.
a. Provide sufficient pumping plant to remove water from excavation as fast as it collects.
b. Do not place pipe or concrete in or under water unless authorized by the Engineer.
10)
Surplus Excavated Material.
a. All materials excavated which are unsuitable for use in backfilling trenches or around
structures, or suitable materials excavated that are in excess of that required for backfilling
and for constructing fills and embankments as shown on the plans, shall be disposed of by
the Contractor at the Contractor’s own expense unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
b. The Contractor shall provide a site for the proper disposal of all surplus excavated material.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
c. No surplus excavated material of any class shall be deposited in any stream or water
course.
d. No surplus excavated material of any class shall be dumped on public property without the
consent of the Engineer.
e. All spoil areas shall be left smooth, level and with positive drainage to a water course.
B. Pipe Bedding.
1) A cradle of pipe bedding consisting of 75-100% crushed 8's as specified in ODOT Item 703
shall be furnished for all pipelines. The bedding material shall be thoroughly compacted. It
shall be free of lumps of clay or organic material.
2) The compacted pipe bedding details shall be as shown in the Fairborn Engineering Standards.
3) Bedding shall be placed in such a manner as to completely support the pipeline in its entire
length and shall extend laterally to the outermost limits of the trench.
C. Pipe Installation.
1) The Engineer may request a competent manufacturer's representative on the job when the
initial pipe laying starts and the representative shall remain until the Engineer is satisfied that
the Contractors workmen are capable of making proper installation. This requirement may be
waived if, in the opinion of the Engineer, such instruction is not necessary.
2) The Contractor shall provide and use proper tools and equipment for the safe and convenient
handling of the pipe and fittings. In all cases, the pipe, fittings, and accessories shall be
unloaded from trucks using a hoist or skidded down a ramp from the truck bed to the ground
with rope snubbers. Under no condition shall this material be dropped from the truck bed to the
ground. All materials shall be delivered and distributed at the site of the project by the
Contractor. In distributing the storm sewer material, each length of pipe shall be unloaded
opposite or near the place where it is to be installed in the trench.
3) The individual lengths of pipe and fittings shall be placed on the ground in such a manner that
no surface water, mud, dirt, or other debris can enter the pipe barrel. The pipe and fittings shall
always be unloaded onto the high ground above any drainage ditch or other physical low point
in the topography in which surface water may flow during periods of rainfall.
4) Pipe shall be so handled that the coating and lining, when applicable, will not be damaged. If,
however, any part of the coating and lining is damaged, the repair or replacement shall be made
by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer.
5) All pipes and fittings shall be carefully lowered into the trench piece by piece by means of a
derrick, ropes or other suitable tools or equipment in such a manner as to prevent damage to
storm sewer materials and protective coatings and linings. Under no circumstances shall
materials be dropped or dumped into the trench.
6) During laying operations, no debris, tools, clothing or other materials shall be placed in the pipe.
7) Pipe shall be laid with bell ends facing in the direction of laying, unless directed otherwise by the
Engineer.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
8) As each length of pipe is placed in the trench, the spigot end shall be centered in the bell and
the pipe forced home and brought to correct line and grade.
9) Dirt and other foreign material shall be prevented from entering the joint space.
10)
The pipe shall be secured in place with approved bedding material tamped under it, except at
the bells.
11)
At times when pipe laying is not in progress, the open ends of pipe shall be closed by a
watertight plug.
12)
If water is in the trench, the seal shall remain in place until the trench is pumped completely
dry and ready for pipe laying operations.
13)
Make joints and install gaskets according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
14)
Do not open up more than 200' of trench in advance of pipe laying.
15)
Line and grade for the gravity pipeline shall be established by the Contractor using laser
beam.
16)
Pipes connecting to manholes should be quarter lengths in and out of the manhole to
minimize settlement at the manhole.
17)
Pipe placed inside a carrier pipe shall be blocked and have joints as shown on the
construction drawings and per the manufacturer’s recommendations.
D. Concrete Cradles.
1) Provide concrete cradles for sewer pipe if ordered by the Engineer due to highly unstable soil
conditions, such as quicksand, or if additional structural support is warranted for a storm sewer
crossing another utility.
2) Place concrete cradles as shown on the plans and as directed by the Engineer.
E. Backfill.
1) General.
a. Backfill immediately after pipe installation and inspection by the City of Fairborn
representative or as soon as the particular type of construction and circumstances will
permit.
b. Avoid damage to the pipe or other completed structures.
c. Backfill material shall conform to the construction drawings and specifications. Excavated
material approved for backfill by the Engineer shall be free from rubbish and frozen material.
2) Backfill Over Pipe.
a. Backfilling above the pipe zone, except where noted on the plans, shall be according to
Fairborn Engineering Standards.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
b. Granular backfill shall be free from slag, cinders, ashes, refuse, or other deleterious or
objectionable materials. It shall not contain excessive amounts of loam and clay and shall
not be lumpy or frozen.
3) Trench Backfill.
a. Backfill within 12” (6" where controlled density backfill is used) above top of pipe shall be
carefully deposited.
b. Thoroughly compact by tamping with pneumatic tools or by other means, approved by the
Engineer.
c. Compaction by flooding backfill material with water is not permitted.
d. Compact in uniform layers of thickness (loose measure) per Fairborn Engineering
Standards.
4) Settlement.
a. Refill any settlement in backfill, and repair or replace any surface treatment or pavement
failures occurring within one year after acceptance of work by the City. Repair shall be
made at no additional cost to the City.
5) Separation of water mains, sanitary sewers, and storm sewers.
a. Sanitary sewers shall be laid at least 10' horizontally from any existing water main or storm
sewer.
b. Sanitary sewers crossing water mains or storm sewers shall be laid to provide a minimum
vertical distance of 18" between the outside of the water main and the outside of the sewer.
The water main shall be located above the sewer unless approved by the City of Fairborn
Engineering Division. At crossings, one full length of water pipe shall be located so both
joints will be as far from the sewer as possible. Special structural support for the water and
sewer pipes may be required.
c. Where sanitary sewers are being installed and conditions 1 and 2 cannot be met, the sewer
materials shall be waterworks grade 150 psi pressure rated pipe or equivalent and shall be
pressure tested to ensure water tightness. Prior approval from the City of Fairborn
Engineering Division must be obtained prior to such an installation.
638.05
DUCTILE IRON PIPE INSTALLATION
A. Ductile iron water mains shall be installed in conformance with the requirements of AWWA C600,
Installation of Ductile Iron Water Mains and Their Appurtenances, and the pipe manufacturer’s
recommendations.
638.06
FITTINGS
A. Pipe line fittings, plugs and caps shall be furnished and installed at locations shown on the
construction drawings or as set forth by the Engineer.
B. The Contractor shall furnish and install all proper size pipe bends for both horizontal and vertical
deflections that are required to construct the water main to the line and grade as shown on the
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City of Fairborn
construction drawings or as set by the Engineer.
C. Pipe line fittings may be mechanical-joint or push-on type. Fittings shall be cast or ductile iron with
cement lining. The fittings, plugs and caps shall be set and joined to the pipe in a manner
previously specified.
638.07
RESTRAINED JOINTS AND ANCHORING
A. The Contractor shall anchor all plugs, caps, tees, and deflections in excess of 10 degrees to
prevent movement of any portion of the pipe due to internal water pressure.
B. The length of pipe with restrained joints called for on the construction drawings shall be considered
as a minimum for the stated test pressure and stated minimum compacted backfill over the pipe. If
the length of restrained joint is not shown on the construction drawing, the length shall comply with
Fairborn Engineering Standards.
C. By special permission of the Engineer, blocking shall be installed as follows:
1) The back of tees, horizontal bends and vertical bends shall be provided with a reaction backing
of a sufficient quantity of Class C concrete to prevent any movement as shown in the Fairborn
Engineering Standards.
2) The construction drawings shall show, if required, the details of thrust blocking to be used for
special conditions.
3) Bolts and flanges shall be protected from concrete.
638.08
SHEETING, BRACING AND TIMBERING
A. Minimum Requirements.
1) Sheeting, bracing, and timbering shall conform to "Trenching and Excavation, Safe Working
Rules by the Ohio Division of Safety and Hygiene, OSHA Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)
Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring for Trenches - 1926, Subpart P, App. D, and all local laws,
ordinances and regulations.
B. Installation.
1) Properly, adequately and safely support sides of open trenches and excavations with sheeting,
bracing, and timbering, as required.
2) Similarly support sides and top of all tunnel sections.
3) The Contractor shall provide and maintain safeguards, safety devices, and protective equipment
and take other needed actions necessary to protect the public and property in connection with
the work.
4) If, in the opinion of the Engineer, proper supports have not been provided, the Contractor shall
provide additional sheeting, bracing and timbering as directed by the Engineer at no additional
cost to the City. Furnishing of such additional supports does not relieve the Contractor of
responsibility for adequacy of support.
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638.09
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ADJUSTMENTS TO PLAN AND PROFILE
A. HDPE pipe shall be installed in conformance with ASTM D-2321, Standard Practice for
Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity Flow Applications,
and the manufacturer’s recommendation.
638.10
CLEANUP
A. Final cleanup operations shall follow closely behind excavation and pipe laying and shall proceed in
a neat and workmanlike manner with minimum inconvenience to the City and/or general public.
B. The Engineer shall stop all other work in the event this is a cleanup section, not a backfill section,
cleanup operations are not satisfactory.
C. Replace fences, shrubs, gardens and other existing miscellaneous improvements disturbed during
construction.
638.11
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE AND LEAKAGE TESTS
A. The Contractor, under direct supervision of a Utilities Department representative, shall slowly fill the
completed water pipe line and then flush the line until the water is clear and all air has been
expelled.
1) Pressure and leakage tests shall follow line filling and flushing.
2) Bacteriological testing shall not be done until pressure and leakage testing is completed.
B. The Contractor shall subject the completed water pipe line to both a hydrostatic pressure test and a
leakage test. The Contractor shall supply all labor, equipment, and materials to conduct the tests,
including excavating and backfilling the test pits at locations selected by the Engineer.
1) The two tests shall be conducted after the trench has been backfilled, but must be completed
before replacement of pavements and final restoration.
C. The Contractor shall use an approved supply of water and furnish the pump, pipe connection,
corporation stops in the pipe, temporary testing and pressure gauges, meters, and all other items
required for the tests.
D. When taps are required on an installed main, they shall be made by the Contractor at the
Contractor's expense. This requirement does not preclude the installation of taps by the
manufacturer prior to installation of the pipe.
E. The pipe shall be completely flushed through fire hydrants and/or blow-off assemblies.
1) Each section with valves shall be slowly filled with water.
2) All air shall be expelled from the pipe at high points by means of test plugs in valve bonnets, fire
hydrants, or through corporation stops.
F. After all the air has been expelled, the openings shall be closed and the test pressure applied by
means of the test pump connected to the pipe in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer.
1) The test pressure for the hydrostatic pressure test shall be 150 psi, or 1.5 times the operating
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
pressure, whichever is greater based on the elevation of the lowest point in the section under
test and corrected to the elevation of the test gauge unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
2) The test pressure shall be held for a minimum of two hours.
G. The top of the trench shall be carefully inspected after the pressure test for any signs of leakage.
1) Any cracked or defective pipe, fittings, valves or hydrants discovered shall be removed and
replaced by the Contractor with sound material and the test shall be repeated until satisfactory
results are obtained.
2) The Contractor shall be responsible for locating, excavating and backfilling the water main
trench in addition to replacing the defective material at the Contractors expense.
3) If any test of pipe laid discloses leakage greater than that specified, the Contractor shall, at
his/her own expense, locate the defective joints, repair and retest until the leakage is within the
specified allowance.
H. The leakage test shall be conducted in conjunction with the pressure test.
1) The Contractor shall maintain the 150 psi hydrostatic pressure at all times during the leakage
test.
2) Leakage shall be defined as the quantity of water that must be supplied into the newly laid pipe,
or any section with valves thereof, to maintain the specified leakage test pressure after the air
has been expelled and the pipe has been filled with water. See Table 638-1, Allowable
Leakage to determine acceptable leakage.
3) No pipe installation will be accepted if the amount of leakage is greater than specified on Table
638-1, Allowable Leakage.
TABLE 638-1
ALLOWABLE LEAKAGE (MECHANICAL JOINT OR PUSH-ON JOINT PIPE)
PIPE DIAMETER SIZES
AVERAGE TEST
PRESSURE (PSI)
6”
8”
10”
12”
16”
20”
24”
30”
ALLOWABLE LEAKAGE IN GALLONS PER 2-HOUR PERIOD PER 1,000 FOOT OF PIPE
200
2.6
3.4
4.3
5.1
6.8
8.5
10.2
12.6
175
2.5
3.2
4.0
4.8
6.4
8.0
9.6
12.0
160
2.4
3.1
3.9
4.6
6.2
7.7
9.3
11.5
150
2.3
3.0
3.7
4.4
5.9
7.4
8.9
11.1
638.12
WATER MAIN DISINFECTION AND BACTERIOLOGICAL TESTING
A. General.
1) The Contractor shall take precautions to protect the interior of pipes, fittings, and valves against
contamination at all times. Upon delivery to the job site these components shall be stored in
such a manner so as to minimize entrance of foreign material. All openings in the pipeline shall
be sealed off when pipe laying is stopped at the close of the day's work or for other reasons,
such as rest breaks, meal periods or adverse weather conditions.
2) Measures shall be taken by the Contractor to protect the pipe from groundwater entry during
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
construction. A pump operating continuously may be required. In severe conditions, well points
may be necessary. Pumps and well points shall be provided at the Contractor's expense.
3) If dirt enters the pipe that, in the opinion of the Engineer, will not be removed by flushing
operations (water available in gallons per minute for flushing is limited in most places in
Fairborn), the interior of the pipe shall be cleaned by mechanical means by the Contractor prior
to making final closure and swabbed with a one percent (1%) sodium hypochlorite disinfecting
solution.
4) The Engineer shall coordinate the disinfection and bacteriological testing procedures between
Fairborn's Water Department and the contractor.
B. Disinfection.
1) The water main shall be filled and all air expelled from the line.
2) City personnel shall open supply valve and fire hydrant/blow-off to allow a flow of 100 gpm
through the total length of pipe. Valves shall be opened by City personnel only.
3) At a point not more than five feet downstream from the supply valve, a dose of chlorine solution
shall be applied by the Contractor at a constant rate to provide a uniform concentration of not
less than 50 mg/L and not more than 100 mg/L free chlorine. See Table 638-3, Recommended
Chemicals and Dosages (in Pounds) Required to Neutralize Chlorine in 100,000 Gal. of Water,
for recommended dosages. The correct dosage to obtain the desired concentration is the
responsibility of the Contractor.
4) Close the supply valve after reaching the desired chlorine concentration and allow the
chlorinated water to set in the main for not less than 24 hours and not more than 48 hours. The
chlorinated water must then be flushed from the new main until the normal concentration of
chlorine in the supply water is achieved.
5) The discharge location for the chlorinated water shall be inspected by City personnel. If the
Engineer determines that the chlorinated discharge will cause damage to the discharge area,
then the contractor shall neutralize the chlorine remaining in the water. The correct agent and
discharge is the responsibility of the Contractor.
C. Bacteriological Testing.
1) Sampling taps shall be provided by the Contractor at approximately 400 foot intervals
throughout the new main and at each dead end. These sampling points will be designated by
the City of Fairborn Engineering Division. The taps installed for sampling points shall be
connected directly to the water main and extended outside of the trench. Each sampling point
shall be in a dry and easily accessible location, using copper pipe terminating with a valve and
provisions to allow for an even, small flow of water for sampling. If sampling is done in freezing
weather, the Contractor shall provide protection against freezing of the sampling lines.
2) Two consecutive samples shall be collected from each sampling point. The first sample shall be
taken not less than 24 hours following flushing of the line. The second sample will be taken 24
hours after the first sample.
3) Contractors may choose to use the City of Fairborn laboratory to perform the required bacterial
analysis. The first two series of samples performed by the Fairborn lab will be at no cost.
Further tests shall be charged to the Contractor. All samples shall be collected by City of
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
Fairborn technicians. The Fairborn lab performs new main testing only on Wednesdays.
Arrangements must be made by the previous Friday if the City of Fairborn lab is to perform the
testing.
4) An approved private lab may be used in lieu of Fairborn's lab; however, all costs shall be at the
expense of the contractor. In the event a private lab is used, the samples shall be collected by
the contractor or private lab's personnel under the supervision of City of Fairborn personnel. A
chain of custody shall be established whenever a private lab is used. As part of the chain of
custody, all bottles shall be provided with security lids.
5) Fairborn does not recommend the use of fire hydrants as collection points. However, when
other options are not available, the following procedures shall be followed upon approval by the
Engineer:
a. The fire hydrant shall be disinfected in the same manner as a water main as outlined in
638.12.
b. The fire hydrant shall be pressurized and remain so throughout the duration of bacterial
sampling.
c. A 2-1/2" hose nozzle shall be modified to allow for connection of a small hose valve. The
sample shall then be taken from this point.
D. Acceptance of the new main shall only occur after two consecutive series of samples have been
performed with bacteria-free results. If two consecutive series of samples fail, the water main shall
be disinfected again with a chlorine solution and be allowed to sit a minimum of 24 hours. The
flushing and sampling process should then be repeated. Additional disinfection, flushing and
sampling required as a result of failed bacteriological tests is the responsibility of the Contractor at
the Contractor's expense.
TABLE 638-2
CHLORINE REQUIRED TO PRODUCE 25 mg/L CONCENTRATION IN 100 FT OF PIPE
100 PERCENT CHLORINE
1 PERCENT CHLORINE
PIPE DIAMETER
(LB)
SOLUTIONS (GAL)
4”
.013
0.16
6”
.030
0.36
8”
.054
0.65
10”
.085
1.02
12”
.120
1.44
16”
.217
2.60
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
TABLE 638-3
RECOMMENDED CHEMICALS AND DOSAGES (LBS) REQUIRED TO NEUTRALIZE
CHLORINE IN 100,000 GALLONS OF WATER
RESIDUAL CHLORINE
SODIUM
SULFER DIOXIDE SODIUM BISULFATE
CONCENTRATION
SULFATE
(SO2)
(NaHSO3)
(mg/L)
(Na2SO3)
1
0.8
1.2
1.4
2
1.7
2.5
2.9
10
8.3
12.5
14.6
50
41.7
62.6
73.0
E. After acceptance of the new main, the sampling points, including corporation stops, shall be
removed by the Contractor and approved water main repair clamps placed on the main. The City
Inspector shall witness this work.
638.13
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for "Water Main" shall be linear feet for the sizes indicated. The
measurement of water mains shall be along the centerline of the pipe, in place, including fittings
and valves. The measured length shall not include the distance, at right angles to the water main
centerline, for plugged tees of crosses. The length of hydrant-leads shall be measured from the
centerline of the main to the centerline of the hydrant barrel.
638.14
PAYMENT
A. The quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each of
the particular pay items listed below that are shown in the bid schedule, which price and payment
shall be full compensation for furnishing all material and for all labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the item.
B. When an item of work is not specifically included in the bid schedule, the performance of that item
will be considered a subsidiary obligation of the contractor, the cost of which is to be included in
other items of the contract.
ITEM
638
638
638
638
UNIT
LF
LF
LF
LF
DESCRIPTION
6” D.I.P. CLASS 53 WATER MAIN
8” D.I.P. CLASS 53 WATER MAIN
12” D.I.P. CLASS 53 WATER MAIN
16” D.I.P. CLASS 53 WATER MAIN
** END OF SECTION **
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 639 : PRESSURE SERVICE LINES
639.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of furnishing and installing pressure service lines and corporation stops,
couplings, curb boxes and related appurtenances. Valves and fittings (1/2" to 2") shall conform to
AWWA C800-89, Underground Service Line Valves and Fittings.
639.02
MATERIALS
A. Service Box (Curb Box).
1) Water service boxes shall be screw type cast iron with a 2.5” shaft diameter, capable of
extension from 42” to 60”.
2) The shaft lid must be cast iron and shall be marked "Water" and secured with a brass or
bronze bolt inlaid level with the lid surface.
3) The foot piece shall straddle the service valve.
B. Service Valve (Curb Stop).
1) The body for service valve shall be constructed of red brass or bronze. Ford B44-444 or
equal is preferred.
2) Service valves shall be designed to receive copper tube on both sides for the size service pipe
specified, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.
3) The minimum size of the service valve shall be 1”.
4) Service valves shall be of the tee head type with a Teflon coated ball and a 1/4 turn stop or as
specified by the Engineer. The inverted key type valve is not an approved valve.
C. Corporation Stop.
1) The body of corporation stops shall be precision fitted, ball valve design and be made of red
brass construction including key, stem, washer and nut.
2) The minimum size of the corporation stop shall be 1”.
D. Service Tubing.
1) Water service tubing from the water main to the service valve and to the inside meter from the
service valve shall be type "K" copper, meeting the requirements of ASTM B-88 “Copper
Water Tube,” or as approved by the Engineer.
2) The minimum size of the service line between the corporation stop and the water meter
plumbing shall be 1”. The service line, where possible, shall be one piece construction from
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
the curb stop to the water meter plumbing. It shall be free from cracks, seams, scales, slivers
and other defects. Compression fittings shall be used on all connections.
3) The copper service tube shall be heavy wall for underground installations and furnished with a
bending temper which will permit its being bent cold 180° around a pin of a diameter 1.5”
times the inside diameter of the pipe without cracking.
4) For water services 2” and larger, ductile iron pipe shall be used.
E. Backflow Preventer.
1) All new services require the installation of an approved containment backflow prevention
device that meets the appropriate ASSE standard. The type of device required will be based
on the degree of hazard as determined by the Utilities Superintendent. The device shall be
installed immediately following the water meter and shall be at least the size of the water
meter.
2) When a second meter is installed to provide uninterrupted water, the secondary service must
have the same degree of protection as the primary.
3) Backflow preventers shall be installed in a readily accessible location with sufficient space to
allow for testing and maintenance.
4) Whenever a service line on which a backflow preventer is installed services a hot water
heater, an appropriately sized thermal expansion device must be installed in accordance to
the plumbing code.
F. Meter Yokes.
1) All 5/8” x ¾”, ¾” and 1” meters shall be supported by a riser yoke with a valve set at each end.
The valve on the house side may be substituted with an appropriate backflow preventer.
2) Yokes shall be Ford Meter Box Company Nos. 502 (for 5/8” x ¾” meters), 503 (for ¾” meters),
and 504 (for 1” meters) or an equal approved by the Engineer.
3) The yoke body shall be iron and the valves shall be brass of the inverted key angle type,
connected to the yoke with brass lock nuts.
4) The yoke shall contain a brass expansion connection which can be expanded to make the
meter watertight in the yoke and contract to allow the meter to be removed.
5) The inlet and outlet shall be for copper tube connections.
6) The meter yoke shall be installed in an accessible location with the base parallel to the floor.
639.03
INSTALLATION OF PRESSURE SERVICE LINES
A. House service connections to water mains shall not be installed until their location has been
approved by the Engineer. House service connections shall be made to the main prior to the
hydrostatic test.
B. The water service line in new plats shall begin with a tap into the water main and terminate at a
point 10' beyond the right-of-way line, or as directed by the Engineer, in order to prevent
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Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
disturbing the sidewalk. The curb stop shall be located in the terrace between the curb and
sidewalk when these facilities are provided. The curb box shall be adjusted to final grade.
Multiple curb boxes shall be installed within a 4" thick concrete slab with house # and apartment
secured in the lid with a stamped aluminum tag.
C. Cover on all service lines shall be maintained at 48”.
639.04
INSTALLATION OF METERS
A. The City will furnish all new and replacement water meters and remote reading equipment. The
cost of these meters, the reading equipment, and an administrative fee will be billed to the
applicable party.
B. City personnel will install water meters up to 1" in size. The installation of water meters 1-1/2" and
larger shall be the responsibility of the property owner.
C. All new meters must be installed inside the building in an easily accessible location. No pit
installations are allowed unless approved by the Utilities Superintendent.
D. A four conductor wire will be provided by the City for installation by the contractor. The wire shall
be encased in ¾” conduit from the water meter to the outside location. The outside locations shall
be either on the front of the house or at the side near the front of the building approximately 4’ off
the ground. It shall be outside of any fenced area. Acceptable conduits are: flex blue electrical
non-metallic tubing or metal flex tubing. Wire runs should not exceed 300’.
E. The City will connect the wire to the reading device and the water meter.
639.05
TESTING OF PRESSURE SERVICE LINES
A. A hydrostatic pressure test shall be performed on all residential and commercial water services.
The service valve shall be in the closed position.
B. The test section shall be from a point not to exceed 5’ from the exterior of the foundation wall back
to the service valve.
C. The test period shall be a minimum of 2 minutes at a pressure of 120 PSI with no loss of
pressure. The City inspector shall visibly inspect all connections while the line is under this
pressure.
D. The test gauge shall be similar to the gauge in Fairborn Engineering Standards, or as approved
by the City Engineer.
E. The service lines shall be blown out to remove gravel from the lines.
639.06
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for pressure service lines shall be per individual service line, complete
and in place, to a point 10' inside the right-of-way line.
639.07
PAYMENT
A. The quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each of
the particular pay items listed below that are shown in the bid schedule, which price and payment
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
shall be full compensation for furnishing all material and for all labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the item.
B. When an item of work is not specifically included in the bid schedule, the performance of that item
will be considered a subsidiary obligation of the contractor, the cost of which is to be included in
other items of the contract.
ITEM
639
UNIT
EA
DESCRIPTION
PRESSURE SERVICE LINES
** END OF SECTION **
Page 134 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 644 : THERMOPLASTIC PAVEMENT MARKING
644.01
DESCRIPTION
A. The work shall consist of furnishing all materials, equipment, labor and preparation necessary for
the application of screed extruded thermoplastic pavement markings in accordance with Items 641,
740.01,740.04, 740.09 and additional requirements specified below.
B. Apply thermoplastic pavement markings in accordance with the schedule listed in the Estimated
Quantity sheet for pavement markings, in accordance with the plans attached, and as directed by
the Engineer.
C. Thermoplastic pavement markings shall match the existing adjacent markings, as directed by the
Engineer.
644.02
MATERIALS
A. Thermoplastic pavement marking material shall conform to ODOT 740.04 and as on ODOT’s
approved list.
B. Glass beads, Type C, shall conform to ODOT 740.09 and as on ODOT’s approved list. Do not use
glass beads that are wet.
C. All materials used shall not exceed the manufacturer’s specified shelf life.
644.02
EQUIPMENT
A. Equip all thermoplastic pavement marking trucks for center line, lane line and edge line marking
with a computerized Data Logging System (DLS), including a cab mounted display which shows the
actual bead application rate.
B. Use application equipment that includes a kettle for melting the thermoplastic and maintaining it at
the proper temperature. Kettles shall have a thermostat to control temperature of the thermoplastic
and to prevent overheating. Ambient and surface temperature for new pavement less than 6
months old shall not be less than 50° F and rising. Ambient and surface temperature for pavement
older than a year shall not be less than 70° F and rising at the time of application. Temperature of
the thermoplastic at the point of application shall be a minimum of 400° F and a maximum of 440°
F.
C. Attach an automatic bead dispenser to the equipment so that the beads are immediately and
uniformly dispensed over the marking surface. The equipment shall have an automatic cut-off
control synchronized with the cut-off of the thermoplastic material.
D. The applicator portion of the thermoplastic equipment shall have a shoe that rides on the pavement
and extrudes the thermoplastic material. Ensure that the application equipment applies lines with a
square end and can apply broken lines.
E. Application equipment shall be such that the material is applied in lines of uniform thickness and
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Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
width.
644.04
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
A. Form lines 12” wide or less by one application pass, and lines wider than 12” by no more than two
passes. Do not allow individual passes to overlap or to be separated by a gap greater then ¼”.
B. Apply thermoplastic at a thickness of 125 mils (3.2 mm). Thermoplastic for small quantities or
auxiliary markings up to 100’ in length can be exchanged as equal in function and price with 125
mil thick heat-fused preformed thermoplastic (Item 647).
C. Apply thermoplastic at the following rates:
125 Mil Thickness
LBS
Line Width
4”
Solid Line
2340
Broken Line
585
Dotted Line
585
Areas, Symbols, Words 133
PER MILE of LANE
8”
12”
24”
4680 7020
14040
1170 1755
3510
1170 1755
3510
LBS per
100 SF
D. Mechanically apply glass beads to the wet thermoplastic surface so that the beads are embedded
and retained and provide uniform retro-reflectivity in the surface. Do not place beads by hand,
except to symbols and words, and to complete the ends of lines. Apply beads at the rate of 12 lbs
per 100 SF of thermoplastic surface area. Only small gaps in letters and symbols resulting from
template use will be acceptable.
E. Do not apply thermoplastic by spraying.
F. Use primer except on new asphalt pavement. If required, furnish and apply in accordance with
manufacture’s recommendations.
G. Initial work zone traffic paint markings shall be the responsibility of the Contractor, and as directed
by the Engineer. The Contractor shall place initial thermoplastic markings over work zone traffic
paint markings.
644.05
MEASUREMENT
A. The Engineer will measure the accepted completed work and compare it to the DLR report.
B. The Engineer will reduce the contract price in direct proportion to the percent of deficiency of
thermoplastic marking material or glass beads as specified, up to 20% for each material deficiency.
The Engineer will use the greater deficiency of marking material or glass beads to compute the
deduction.
C. If the work is deficient greater than 20%, or the materials are applied outside the temperature
ranges, the Engineer will consider the work unsatisfactory and will require the Contractor, at no
additional cost to the City, to replace the deficient work by grinding and re-applying at the full
thickness specified.
Page 136 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
644.06
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
PAYMENT
A. Payment for this item will be based on the contract unit price per unit as listed in the table below,
completed and accepted in place by the Engineer, including all labor, materials, tools, testing, and
equipment necessary to complete the work as specified.
ITEM UNIT DESCRIPTION
644
MI
EDGE LINE
644
MI
LANE LINE
644
MI
CENTER LINE
644
LF
CHANNELIZING LINE
644
LF
STOP BAR
644
LF
CROSSWALK LINE
644
LF
TRANSVERSE DIAGONAL LINE
644
EA HANDICAP SYMBOL MARKING
644
EA RAILROAD SYMBOL MARKING
644
EA SCHOOL SYMBOL MARKING
644
LF
PARKING LOT STALL MARKING
644
EA LANE ARROW
644
EA WORD ON PAVEMENT
644
LF
DOTTED LINE, 4 INCH
644
LF
REMOVAL OF LINEAR PAVEMENT MARKING
644
SF
REMOVAL OF SYMBOL OR LETTER PAVEMENT MARKING
** END OF SECTION **
Page 137 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 647 : HEAT-FUSED PREFORMED THERMOPLASTIC
PAVEMENT MARKING
647.01
DESCRIPTION
A. The work shall consist of furnishing all materials, equipment, labor and preparation necessary for
the application of heat-fused preformed thermoplastic pavement markings in accordance with
ODOT Items 641, 740.01,740.08 and additional requirements specified below.
B. Apply any heat-fused preformed thermoplastic pavement markings in accordance with the schedule
listed in the Estimated Quantity sheet for pavement markings, in accordance with the plans
attached, and as directed by the Engineer.
C. Heat-fused preformed thermoplastic pavement markings shall match the existing adjacent
markings, as directed by the Engineer.
647.02
MATERIALS
A. Heat-fused preformed thermoplastic pavement marking material shall conform to ODOT 740.08 and
as on ODOT’s approved list.
B. All materials used shall not exceed the manufacturer’s specified shelf life.
C. Type A90, Type A125, Type B90 and Type B125 materials shall contain intermixed beads
throughout. Drop-on glass beads are not required unless using a non-surface beaded marking (i.e.,
for turn or combination arrows).
647.02
EQUIPMENT
A. Use manufacturer recommended equipment to apply the heat-fused preformed thermoplastic
pavement marking material to the appropriate type, as follows:
1)Type A90 or Type A125 Material.
a. Propane torch to heat the pavement and material according to Item 647.04.B. (Uniformly
pre-heat pavement to 300° F with torch, place material on surface and begin post-heat
process to 400° F.)
b. Infrared thermometer to assure that both eh pavement and the material are properly heated
and so not exceed the manufacturer’s specified application temperature
2) Type B90 or Type B125 Material.
a. Propane torch for ensuring no moisture is present on the pavement and heating the material
according to Item 647.04.C. (Heat to ensure no moisture is present, place material on dry
clean surface and uniformly heat material until it bubbles and changes color to off-white.)
b. A thermometer is not required.
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Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
B. Apply the heat-fused preformed thermoplastic pavement marking material to clean, dry pavement
surfaces according to the appropriate type unless otherwise directed by the manufacturer’s
recommendation.
647.04
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
A. Form lines 12” wide or less by one application pass, and lines wider than 12” by no more than two
passes. Do not allow individual passes to overlap or to be separated by a gap greater then ¼”.
B. Heat-fused preformed thermoplastic material for small quantities or auxiliary markings up to 100’ in
length can be exchanged as equal in function and price with 125 mil thick thermoplastic (Item 644).
C. Initial work zone traffic paint markings shall be the responsibility of the Contractor, and as directed
by the Engineer. The Contractor shall place initial thermoplastic markings over work zone traffic
paint markings.
647.05
MEASUREMENT
A. Deficient work shall be removed by grinding and re-applying the heat-fused preformed
thermoplastic material, at no additional cost to the City.
B. On that work which is completed and accepted by the Engineer will be approved for payment.
647.06
PAYMENT
A. Payment for this item will be based on the contract unit price per unit as listed in the table below,
completed and accepted in place by the Engineer, including all labor, materials, tools, testing, and
equipment necessary to complete the work as specified.
ITEM
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
647
UNIT
MI
MI
MI
LF
LF
LF
LF
EA
EA
EA
LF
EA
EA
LF
LF
647
SF
DESCRIPTION
Edge Line
Lane Line
Center Line
Channelizing Line
Stop Bar
Crosswalk Line
Transverse Diagonal Line
Handicap Symbol Marking
Railroad Symbol Marking
School Symbol Marking
Parking Lot Stall Marking
Lane Arrow
Word on Pavement
Dotted Line, 4 inch
Removal of Linear Pavement Marking
Removal of Symbol or Letter Pavement
Marking
** END OF SECTION **
Page 139 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 659 : SEEDING AND MULCHING
659.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item consists of furnishing and placing all seed, agricultural liming materials, commercial
fertilizer, mulching material, and water in accordance with the specifications and/or as shown on the
plans. Mowing the resulting cover as directed by the Engineer shall also be required.
B. Areas to be seeded and paid for under this item include all areas disturbed by project construction.
Areas damaged or destroyed outside of specified construction limits by the Contractor, including
areas defined in ODOT Item 104.06, Cleaning Up, shall be restored and seeded in accordance with
these specifications by the Contractor at no additional cost to the City.
C. Commercial fertilizers and agricultural liming materials shall be obtained by the Contractor from a
dealer or manufacturer whose brands and grades are registered or licensed by the State of Ohio,
Department of Agriculture.
659.02
MATERIALS
A. Agricultural liming material shall conform to ODOT item 659.03 of the latest version of the
Construction and Materials Specification, or as approved by the Engineer.
B. Commercial fertilizer shall conform to ODOT Item 659.04 of the latest version of the Construction
and Materials Specification, or as approved by the Engineer.
C. All seeds specified shall meet the current specifications on file with ODOT as to percentage purity,
weed seed, and germination.
1) All seeded areas considered to be urban in character, or immediately in front of residences,
shall be seeded with the following mixture (percentages are by weight):
a. 40% Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis)
b. 40% Creeping Red Fescue (Festuca rubra)
c. 20% Annual Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum).
2) All other areas, except those areas defined in ODOT 104.06, shall be seeded with the following
mixture:
a. 30% Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis)
b. 60% Kentucky 31 Fescue (Festuca arundinacea var. Ky. 31)
c. 10% Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne).
3) All areas defined in ODOT 104.06 shall be seeded with the above mixture or the following
mixture: (2 and 3 are confusing!!!!!!)
a. 90% Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne)
b. 10% Alsike Clover (Trifolium hybridum).
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
4) All areas specified to be seeded with Crown Vetch shall be the following mixture:
a. 33% Crown Vetch (Coronilla varia)
b. 67% Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne).
D. All seeds proposed to be used under this item shall be approved by the City of Fairborn, and shall
meet the requirements of these specifications. The City reserves the right to test, reject or approve
all seed after delivery on the project.
E. All seeds to be furnished in separate varieties, separately packaged, or bagged, and shall be
labeled, tagged or marked in accordance with ORC, 907.03, Agricultural Seed.
F. Inoculants for treating leguminous seeds shall be a pure culture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria selected
for maximum vitality, not more than one year old. All cultures shall be subject to the approval of the
Engineer.
G. Materials for mulching (straw or hay), shall be reasonably free of weed seed and such foreign
materials as may detract from their effectiveness as mulch or that may damage desired plant
growth.
H. Asphalt emulsions used as tackifiers for vegetative mulch shall conform to ODOT Item 702.04,
Emulsified Asphalts.
659.03
INOCULATING LEGUMES
A. All leguminous seeds shall be inoculated or treated with the proper amount of approved culture
mixed with sufficient water to thoroughly wet the seed with the solution.
B. When seed is sown hydraulically, four times the amount of inoculant required above shall be placed
directly into the slurry and thoroughly mixed immediately before seeding.
C. Seed shall be sown within 24 hours after treatment with the inoculant.
659.04
FERTILIZING AND LIMING
A. The standard application rate of fertilizer shall be 20 pounds/1,000 square feet, except those areas
defined in ODOT Item 104.06 shall be applied at not less than 10 pounds/1,000 square feet.
Another analysis, in the same ratio, may be used by varying the application rate to produce the
same values specified. Either dry or liquid fertilizer may be used and shall be distributed in an even
pattern over the specified area, then thoroughly disked, harrowed or raked into the soil to a depth of
not less than 2” unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
B. When agricultural liming material is required, it shall be applied on the surface at the rate of 100
pounds/1,000 square feet of area and thoroughly disked, harrowed or raked into the soil to a depth
of not less than 2” unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
C. Fertilizer and liming materials, when required, shall be applied separately but can be disked or
otherwise incorporated into the soil in the same operation. If the seed bed becomes compacted
prior to seeding, it shall be re-disked or loosened to a friable condition before seeding. If the
fertilizer or lime has been washed out or otherwise lost from the seed bed, the areas so depleted
shall be retreated as directed by the Engineer at no cost to the City.
D. Areas of the project which were seeded and mulched during preceding seasons (three months or
Page 141 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
more) shall be re-fertilized. The fertilizer shall be applied to the surface without incorporation into
soil at ½ the normal rate. This operation shall be performed after repair, seeding and mulching
operations have been completed.
659.05
SEEDING AND MULCHING
A. All areas to be seeded shall be free of rock and other foreign material 2” or greater in any
dimension and shall be satisfactorily shaped and finished as provided in Item 203. Areas in front of
residences, between curb and sidewalks, and other areas indicated on the plans, shall be free of all
stones 1” or greater in any dimension and shall have a smooth surface. In such areas, hand raking
will be required if inaccessible to machines, and may be required if machines do not provide results
equivalent to hand raking. The work necessary for proper preparation of the seed bed shall be
included in this item.
B. The seed shall be thoroughly mixed and then evenly sown over the prepared areas at the rate of 3
pounds/1,000 square feet. Seed shall be sown dry or hydraulically. Areas defined in ODOT Item
104.06 shall be seeded at the rate of not less than 2 pounds/1,000 square feet. Areas specified to
be seeded with Crown Vetch shall be seeded at a rate of 1½ pounds/1,000 square feet.
C. Immediately after sowing, the area shall be raked, dragged or otherwise treated so as to cover the
seed to a depth of approximately ¼”.
D. The operation of seed sowing shall not be performed when the ground is frozen or muddy, or when
soil or weather conditions would prevent the proper soil preparation and subsequent operations as
specified. All seeding performed between October 15 and March 15 shall be temporary seeding in
accordance with ODOT Item 207. However, for projects which will be completed in the same
calendar year, permanent seeding may be performed with permission of the Engineer.
E. Within 48 hours after any given area is seeded, vegetative mulching material conforming to
659.02(G) shall be evenly placed over all seeded areas at the rate of approximately 2 tons/acre for
straw, or 3 tons/acre for hay, when seeding is performed between the dates of March 15 and
October 15, and at the approximate rate of 3 tons/acre for straw, or 4½ tons/acre for hay, when
seeding is performed between the dates of October 15 and March 15 of the succeeding year,
except those areas defined in ODOT Item 104.06 which shall be mulched at not less than one-half
the above specified rate.
F. Mulching materials shall be kept in place with asphalt emulsion applied at a minimum rate of 60
gallons per ton of mulch or by methods or tackifiers as are approved by the Engineer. In roadway
applications, an additional application of 30 gallons of asphalt emulsion/ton of mulch shall be
applied to the shoulder area, starting at the berm edge and extending out for a distance of 10’.
Emulsion shall be nontoxic to plants and prepared so it will not change in transportation or storage.
Mulching which is displaced shall be replaced at once, but only after the seeding or other work
which preceded the mulching and which work was damaged as a result of displacement of
mulching material, has been acceptably repaired.
G. The Contractor shall maintain all seeded and mulched areas until final inspection. Maintenance
includes repairing any areas damaged following the seeding or mulching operation due to wind,
water, fire, or other causes by re-fertilizing, re-seeding, and re-mulching as directed by the Engineer
to re-establish the condition and grade of the area prior to seeding.
H. The seed bed shall be covered and thoroughly watered at the rate of 120 gallons/1,000 square feet.
The water shall be applied by means of a hydro-seeder or a water tank under pressure at a rate
that will not dislodge the mulching material. A second water application shall be made no sooner
Page 142 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
than 7 days or later than 10 days after the first application, unless significant rainfall occurs within 7
days after the first application, then the Engineer may delay or omit entirely the second application,
depending on weather conditions. The rate of the second application shall be 120 gallons of
water/1,000 square feet. Water shall be applied until a 1” stand of grass is achieved over 80% of
the seeded area; therefore, subsequent watering may be required by the Contractor at no additional
expense to the City.
I.
Mowing of excess growth on seeded areas shall be performed as directed by the Engineer. The
vegetation shall be cut to approximately 6” in height by acceptable methods.
659.06
MEASUREMENT
A. “Seeding and Mulching” measured by square yard or lump sum for area seeded and mulched in
accordance with these specifications. This item includes commercial fertilizer, agricultural liming,
watering and mowing. No separate payment shall be made for these items.
659.07
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
659
659
UNIT
SF
LS
DESCRIPTION
SEEDING AND MULCHING
SEEDING AND MULCHING
** END OF SECTION **
Page 143 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 661 : PLANTING TREES
661.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of furnishing and planting trees.
661.02
PLANT MATERIALS
B. Plant materials shall conform in name, size and quality to standards as adopted by the American
Association of Nurserymen.
661.03
LAYOUT OF TREES
A. Before digging of holes (pits), the Contractor shall stake or otherwise indicate tree locations for
approval of an agent of the City of Fairborn. Tree shall be adjusted, if necessary, so that no tree is
located in the flow line of a swale or in the bottom of a depression.
B. All damaged or otherwise exposed soil surface in the work area, except WITHIN THE PLANTING
HOLES, shall be planted with turf. The Contractor shall prepare the soil surface for seeding, sow
seed and mulch. Seed mix shall be by weight 40% Kentucky Bluegrass, 40% Creeping Red
Fescue and 20% Annual Rye Grass. Plant at a rate of 5 lbs. per 1,000 sf.
661.04
INSTALLATION
A. Dig planting holes 1.5 times wider than root balls. The depth of the planting hole is to be equal to
the height of the root ball. If the soil is tight, then set the depth so that the top of the root ball is 2"3" above the surrounding ground level.
B. After backfilling the planting hole half way, the burlap shall be loosened and the top half cut off and
removed after which the backfilling shall be completed. Synthetic burlap fabric shall not be
permitted.
C. Backfilling of the plant holes - The lower half of the planting holes shall be backfilled with topsoil
excavated from the planting hole. Backfill the upper half with amended soil mix; 3 parts top soil and
1 part sphagnum peat moss or other approved soil conditioner. The hole shall be loosely filled
approximately one-half full, watered in, and then filled completely. Form a saucer around the plant
to hold water. Cover the saucer with 4 inches of loosely placed shredded hardwood mulch. Pull
the mulch away from direct contact with the tree bark.
D. Trees shall be staked. Install all stakes on the southwest side of trees. Use plastic ties or soft wire
within the length of black garden hose.
661.05
FERTILIZING OF TREES
A. Place “Agriform” planting tablets or approved equal in backfill of planting holes in strict compliance
with manufacturer’s instructions for quantity and placement. Analysis is 20-10-5. (Agriform planting
tablets are manufactured by Grace Sierra Hort. Products, Co., 1001 Yosemite Drive, Helpitas, CA
95035, (408) 263-8080, or approved equal.
Page 144 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
661.06
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
CARE OF TREES
A. The Contractor shall be responsible for all aspects of care to landscape until the project is accepted
by the Owner, which shall include watering and any corrective pruning as may be necessary. The
Contractor shall remove and replace any plant material damaged to the extent that corrective
pruning will not result in the plant having the appearance typical of the species or that is smaller
than the minimum specified size as a result of the corrective pruning.
661.07
MAINTENANCE AND GUARANTEE
A. Maintenance and Guarantee - The Contractor shall maintain and water the plants for 90 days after
acceptance of the project by the Owner. All plants shall be guaranteed for a period of one year.
Any dead plants or plants with dead bark on their trunk or dead limbs which reduce the canopy or
character of the plant shall be replaced at no cost to the Owner.
661.08
EXCEPTIONS AND SUBSTITUTIONS
A. Exceptions/Substitutions - If quantities are unavailable, please provide a comparable alternative of
similar size and color characteristics.
661.09
SCHEDULE
A. All plantings shall be completed by December 1st.
661.10
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for “Trees” shall be each installed complete, in place.
661.11
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
UNIT
661
EA
661
EA
DESCRIPTION
AUTUMN APPLAUSE WHITE ASH, 2” CALIPER
OR
AUTUMN PURPLE WHITE ASH, 2’ CALIPER
WRIGHT BROTHERS MAPLE, 2” CALIPER
OR
RED SUNSET MAPLE, 2” CALIPER
** END OF SECTION **
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 703 : AGGREGATE
703.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the hauling, depositing, compacting and shaping of material designated as
aggregate granular fill.
B. When material meets the requirement of Item 703 and as permitted by the Engineer as suitable
backfill material, excavated materials from the site may be used.
703.02
MATERIALS
A. Granular Fill shall be bank run gravel and/or clean gravel or other approved granular material,
which shall be furnished by the Contractor when shown on the plans, included in the specifications
or proposal, or directed by the Engineer. Natural sand, sand manufactured from stone or foundry
sand shall not be permitted under this specification.
B. Granular Fill shall be clean stone or gravel, shall conform to ODOT Item 703.11 granular material
Type 1, and shall be as approved by the Engineer.
703.03
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for Granular Fill shall be the cubic yard, ton, or square yard. The quantity
to be paid for shall be the actual number of cubic yards, tons, or square yards of fill furnished and
placed. The quantity shall be determined by slips for each load, signed by the Contractor's
foreman, and turned into the Engineer each day. This item shall include the hauling, depositing,
compacting, and shaping of the Granular Fill.
B. If the quantity as shown on the slips is measured by weight, 3,200 pounds of fill shall be equal to
one cubic yard.
703.04
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each
pay items listed in table, per the bid schedule.
B. Unit prices shall include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and
any incidentals necessary to complete this item.
ITEM
703
703
703
UNIT
CY
TN
SY
DESCRIPTION
AGGREGATE GRANULAR FILL
AGGREGATE GRANULAR FILL
AGGREGATE GRANULAR FILL
** END OF SECTION **
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 792 : SILANE/SILOXANE PENETRATING CONCRETE
SEALER
792.01
DESCRIPTION
A. Application of a two coat water based silane/siloxane penetrating water repellent to concrete
pavement or structures, vertical and horizontal surfaces, in accordance with plans and
specifications or as directed by the Engineer. The silane/siloxane blend shall be designed to repel
water and protect concrete from moisture and chloride-ion (salt) ingress.
792.02
MATERIALS
A. Submit manufacturer's product data sheets on all products to be used for the work for approval by
the Engineer, including description for protection of surrounding areas, surface preparation,
application, and final cleaning.
B. Material shall be Baracade WB 244, as manufactured by The Euclid Chemical Company,
Cleveland, Ohio, or approved equal.
C. Reference: National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 244 – Concrete Sealers
for Protection of Bridge Structures.
D. Before full-scale application, make a test panel, 100 SF and in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions, to determine coverage rates, compatibility, effectiveness, surface preparation,
application procedures, and desired results. Do not begin full-scale application until test panels are
inspected and approved by the Engineer.
792.03
EXECUTION
A. Apply material only when ambient and surface temperatures are between 45°F and 100°F.
B. Do not apply if rain or temperatures below 45°F are expected within 6 hours after application.
C. Do not apply during winds that could carry water repellent to adjacent surfaces or properties.
D. Do not apply sooner than 24 hours after surface has been exposed to rain or other water source.
E. Substrate shall be clean, sound, dry, not frozen or frost covered and cured a minimum of 30 days
before applying material.
792.04
MEASUREMENT
A. Measurement shall be the number of square feet (SF) of concrete surface completed in place and
accepted by the Engineer.
792.05
PAYMENT
A. Measured quantities, accepted by the engineer, will be paid for at the contract unit price, which shall
include the cost of furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools, final cleanup and any incidentals
necessary to complete this item.
Page 147 of 166
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ITEM
792
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
UNIT
SF
City of Fairborn
DESCRIPTION
SILANE/SILOXANE PENETRATING CONCRETE SEALER
** END OF SECTION **
Page 148 of 166
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 901 : SANITARY SEWERS
901.01
DESCRIPTION
A. This item shall consist of the construction or reconstruction of sanitary sewers.
B. Unless otherwise specified or approved by the Engineer, the pipe used for new sanitary sewer
construction shall be Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC).
C. Other materials may be used for repair of existing sanitary sewers of the same material when
approved by the Engineer.
901.02
MATERIALS
A. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe.
1) Material.
a. Polyvinyl chloride pipe and fittings shall meet and/or exceed all the requirements of ASTM
D-3034, Type PSM Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings, (SDR-35) (solid wall)
8"-15", and ASTM F-679, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Large Diameter Plastic Gravity Sewer
Pipe and Fittings, (solid wall) 18"-27".
b. Provisions must be made for contraction and expansion at each joint with a compression
ring.
c. The bell shall consist of an integral wall section with solid cross section rubber ring factory
assembled and securely locked in place to prevent displacement.
d. Standard lengths shall be 20’ and 13’ ±1”.
e. All fittings and accessories shall be as manufactured and furnished by the pipe supplier or
approved equal and have bell and/or spigot configurations identical to that of the pipe.
2) Joints.
a. Joints shall conform to ASTM D-3212, Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipe Using
Flexible Elastomeric Seal
3) Fittings.
a. All fittings for pipe diameters 12"-15" shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM F794, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Large Diameter Ribbed Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings
Based on Controlled Inside Diameter, with the following addition: pipe stiffness shall be 46
psi or greater. All fittings for pipe diameters 18" and greater shall be manufactured and
tested in accordance with AASHTO M304 M-91, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Ribbed Drain Pipe
& Fittings Based On Controlled Inside Diameter, except that internal sleeve joints shall not
be permitted.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
b. All fittings and accessories shall be as manufactured and furnished by the pipe supplier or
approved equal and have bell and/or spigot configurations compatible with that of the pipe.
4) Service Connections.
a. New service connections to a PVC sewer pipe shall be made through a PVC wye branch or
tee connection. Connections to existing PVC sewer pipe shall be made with a PVC saddle
(with o-ring) with stainless steel bands.
b. Each wye branch or tee connection shall be furnished with a PVC stopper which shall be
sealed and banded into the branch opening until the service line is installed.
c. The stopper joint shall be suitable to withstand an internal pressure of 5 psi without leaking.
5) Exposure to sunlight.
a. Care shall be taken to protect PVC pipe from prolonged exposure to sunlight (ultraviolet
rays).
6) Markings.
a. Each length of pipe shall be clearly marked on the outside surface with the trade name, pipe
size, class, type and date of manufacture.
b. Each coupling shall be clearly marked with the class and size of pipe for which it is intended.
c. Each rubber gasket shall be marked with the manufacturer's identification, size and date of
manufacture.
d. Each fitting shall be marked with the size, class and manufacturer's identification.
7) Strength and Testing.
a. Pipe and fittings shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F-794, AASHTO M-304, M-91 and
ASTM D-2444-99, Standard Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resistance of
Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a TUP (falling weight). Copies of all test
results shall be made available to the Engineer.
B. Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Composite and Solid Wall Pipe.
1) Material.
a. All composite pipe under this specification shall conform to ASTM D-2680-95a, AcrylonitrileButadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping.
2) Joints.
a. The joint shall be of the extra-tight solvent welded joint type with solvent cement conforming
to ASTM-D-2235-96a, Solvent Cement Acrylonitrile-Butadiene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and
Fittings, and in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
b. All joint-mating surfaces shall be free of foreign material.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
c. Joint primer shall be used prior to application of joint cement.
d. In below freezing temperatures, the recommended practices of the manufacturer shall be
followed.
3) Fittings.
a. All fitting material shall conform to ASTM D-2680, Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and
Polyvinyl (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping.
b. All branches, spurs and saddles of 6” diameter or smaller shall be of ABS solid wall
construction meeting material specification ASTM D-2751-96a, Acrylonitrile-ButadieneStyrene (ABS) Sewer Pipe and Fittings.
c. All joints and pipe saddle connections shall be chemically welded in accordance with
manufacturer’s recommendations.
i.
Pipe saddle position during chemical welding shall be maintained by two cinching straps
that shall remain in place.
ii. Field cut pipe openings for saddles shall be cut around a self-adhering template applied
to pipe exterior at each location.
d. All mating surfaces shall be free of foreign material prior to chemical welding.
4) Service Connections.
a. Service connections to an ABS composite and solid wall pipe shall be made through an ABS
wye branch or tee connection.
b. Each wye or tee shall be furnished with a chemical-welded end cap, mechanically expanded
pipe stopper or a polyurethane stopper to be installed until the service line is installed.
c. The stopper joint shall be suitable to withstand an internal pressure of 5 psi without leaking.
5) Exposure to Sunlight.
a. Care shall be taken to protect ABS pipe from prolonged exposure to sunlight (ultraviolet
rays).
6) Markings.
a. Each length of pipe shall be clearly marked on the outside surface with the trade name, pipe
size, class, type and date of manufacture.
b. Each coupling shall be clearly marked with the class and size of pipe for which it is intended.
c. Each rubber gasket shall be marked with the manufacturer's identification, size and date of
manufacture.
d. Each fitting shall be marked with the size, class and manufacturer's identification.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
7) Strength and Testing.
a. Pipe shall be tested in accordance with ASTM D-2680, Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
(ABS) and Polyvinyl (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping.
b. All sewer pipe testing shall be performed and interpreted in accordance with appropriate
ASTM specifications.
c. The Contractor shall be required to ensure that the manufacturer of the pipe will make
available the required samples of the material at the request of the Engineer.
d. The cost of testing and samples shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.
e. The Engineer reserves the right to waive any and all of the specified tests or to accept a
certificate of conformance from the manufacturer in lieu of such tests.
f.
All pipes delivered to the construction site shall be subjected to visual inspection by the
Engineering Department for size and dimensions; fractures or cracks; defects that indicate
imperfect proportioning, mixing and molding; surface defects including honeycombed or
open texture; or damaged ends where such damage would prevent making satisfactory
joints.
g. The City at the Engineer’s discretion may make in-plant inspection of the pipe and
production methods and materials used in the manufacture of the pipe.
C. Reinforced Concrete Pipe
1) Material.
a. Reinforced Concrete Pipe shall meet the requirements of ASTM-C76, Reinforced Concrete
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe, AASHTO Section 17, Reinforced Concrete Structure
Interaction Systems, ANSI-ASCE 15-93, Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried
Concrete Pipe Using Standard Installation, or ASTM C-655, Reinforced Concrete D-Load
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe. The manufacturer of the reinforced concrete pipe
shall be on the ODOT “List of Certified Plants.”
b. Pipe shall be reinforced as required per design or for the particular pipe strength designation
on the plans. The class for the pipe shall be shown on the drawings.
2) Joints.
a. Joint surfaces shall be smooth and dimensionally true within the required tolerances as
stated in ASTM C-443, Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, using rubber
gaskets.
b. Rubber gaskets shall be in accordance with ASTM C-361, Reinforced Concrete Low-Head
Pressure Pipe.
3) Service Connections.
a. Service connections to a reinforced concrete pipe shall be made with a PVC saddle with
stainless steel bands for taps.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
b. Each wye branch or tee connection shall be furnished with a vitrified clay stopper which
shall be sealed and banded into the branch opening until the service line is installed. For
connections to existing sewers, use PVC stoppers for PVC pipe.
c. The stopper joint shall be suitable to withstand an internal pressure of 5 psi without leaking.
4) Marking.
a. Each pipe shall be clearly marked with the class or strength, date of manufacture, the name
or trademark of the manufacturer, and the manufacturer’s quality assurance stamp of
approval. The location of the minor axis of the elliptical reinforcement shall be clearly
marked on the outside of both ends of each section of pipe, if the pipe contains elliptical or
stirrup reinforcement.
5) Strength and Testing.
a. Pipe testing shall conform to ASTM C-39, Test Method for Compressive Strength of
Cylindrical Concrete; ASTM-C497, Standard Methods of Testing Concrete Pipe, Manhole
Sections or Tile. Copies of all test results shall be made available to the Engineer.
b. The Owner at his/her discretion may make in-plant inspection of the pipe and production
methods and materials used in the manufacture of the pipe.
901.03
SITE CLEARING AND PROTECTION
A. General.
1) The Contractor shall provide for the following: Existing structure protection and maintenance
pavement protection, care and removal of trees; sod removal, stripping and storage of topsoil,
pavement removal, and the maintenance of the construction area during progress of the work
and the complete restoration of the construction area to its original condition at the completion
of the work.
B. Existing Structure Protection and Maintenance.
1) Use special precautions and methods in excavating under or around existing utilities or
structures to ensure utilities and/or structures are not damaged.
2) Maintain or permit maintenance of existing overhead, surface or subsurface utilities or
structures encountered.
3) Notify the Engineer when interference with an existing utility will occur. Required work shall
continue without delay as directed by the Engineer until the utility is moved or replaced. If a
utility is damaged by the Contractor, other work shall continue until the utility is repaired.
4) Replace utilities disturbed or destroyed with new materials of same size, quality and dimensions
as directed by the Engineer at the Contractor's expense.
5) Field tile and field drains may not be shown on the plans. The Contractor shall replace all field
tile removed during construction operations unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
Approved pipe of the same size shall be used and placed on compacted fill. Length of pipes
shall extend two feet beyond each side of trench. No separate payment will be made for this
work.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
C. Pavement Protection.
1) Provide protection of existing streets and structures that are not to be removed as part of the
construction. Roadway surfaces that are to remain in place shall not be damaged or disturbed
in any manner.
2) Roadway damaged or disturbed outside the limits stated shall be replaced at the expense of the
Contractor.
3) Maintain for use during construction all streets, driveways, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer.
4) Restore to their original condition all streets, driveways, sidewalks, curbs, gutters, structures,
and all paved areas that were damaged, disturbed, or occupied by the Contractor in connection
with any phase of the work. Restoration shall be in accordance with City standards.
D. Care and Removal of Trees.
1) Remove only those trees authorized by the Engineer using methods that provide for adequate
protection to adjacent trees and property.
2) Box and protect trees and shrubs not identified for removal.
3) Excavate to minimize damage to roots of existing trees.
4) Remove fences, shrubs, and other existing improvements as directed by the Engineer, and
maintain for future replacement by the Contractor.
5) Trees and shrubs outside the temporary construction easement shall not be trimmed, removed,
or otherwise disturbed by the Contractor except with the express written permission of the
owner of the property.
6) Any trees or shrubs which are damaged by the Contractor's operations shall be satisfactorily
repaired, removed and replaced by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense under the
direction of the Engineer.
E. Sod Removal.
1) Existing sod may be removed to re-sod disturbed areas.
2) Cut sod into rectangular sections of uniform width not to exceed 18”.
3) Cut to depth of 2”.
4) Store sod in layers with grass to grass and roots to roots.
5) Spray stored sod with water and cover with moist burlap.
F. Stripping and Storage of Topsoil.
1) Remove and dispose of all leaves, weeds, lumber and debris present on site prior to the
removal of topsoil.
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City of Fairborn
2) Remove topsoil to such depth and from such areas as directed by the Engineer.
3) Remove and dispose of roots and other debris and store topsoil in piles as directed by the
Engineer.
G. Pavement Removal.
1) Use such suitable equipment, tools and methods for cutting and trimming which will remove the
road surface materials to a neat line at the limits of the top of the trench or to the limits indicated
on the construction drawings.
H. Maintenance of the Construction Area During Progress of the Work.
1) Dust and mud shall be controlled by the Contractor.
2) Mailboxes, road or street signs shall be removed and erected in a temporary location and
directed by the Engineer.
I.
Restoration of the Construction Area.
1) When or where any direct or indirect damage is done to any property, the Contractor shall
restore, at his/her own expense, such property to a condition similar or equal to that existing
before such damage was done.
901.04
INSTALLATION - GENERAL
A. Excavation.
1) Make all necessary excavation to the lines and grades shown on the drawings or specified.
2) Store excavated material suitable for backfill adjacent to excavation, trim neatly.
3) Do not store excavated material on sidewalks or driveways.
4) Prevent surface drainage from flowing into excavations.
5) Provide and maintain safe crossing for vehicle traffic. Use steel plates or aluminum ramps as
needed.
6) Where excavation is required within the spread of trees that are to remain, the trench shall be
excavated by hand. Pipe space may be tunneled under tree roots, as approved by the
Engineer.
B. Trench Width.
1) See Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details on trench dimensions.
C. Trench Depth.
1) The trench depth shall be as required to install pipe at the grade shown or as specified.
2) Existing ground elevations shall be determined from field survey of profile.
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City of Fairborn
3) Excavate trenches 3”-6” below the pipe barrel and provide 3” clearance below bells. Do not
over-excavate.
D. Structure (Manhole) Excavation.
1) Adequate clearance shall be provided for installation, inspection and removal of form work.
2) Bottom of excavation shall be level and at the elevation specified on the construction drawings.
3) All loose material shall be removed.
4) Foundations shall not be placed until bearing materials are approved by the Engineer.
E. Water Removal.
1) Provide sufficient pumping plant to remove water from excavation as fast as it collects.
2) Do not place pipe or concrete in or under water unless authorized by the Engineer.
F. Surplus Excavated Material.
1) All materials excavated which are unsuitable for use in backfilling trenches or around structures,
or suitable materials excavated that are in excess of that required for backfilling and for
constructing fills and embankments as shown on the plans, shall be disposed of by the
Contractor at the Contractor’s own expense unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
2) The Contractor shall provide a site for the disposal of all surplus excavated material.
3) No surplus excavated material of any class shall be deposited in any stream or water course.
4) No surplus excavated material of any class shall be dumped on public property without the
consent of the Engineer.
5) All spoil areas shall be left smooth, level and with positive drainage to a water course.
G. Bedding.
1) A cradle of pipe bedding consisting of 75-100% crushed No. 8's as specified in ODOT Item 703
shall be furnished for all pipelines. The bedding material shall be thoroughly compacted. It
shall be free of lumps of clay or organic material.
2) The compacted pipe bedding shall be as shown in the Fairborn Engineering Standards.
3) Bedding shall be placed in such a manner as to completely support the pipeline in its entire
length and shall extend laterally to the outermost limits of the trench.
4) Bedding for manholes shall consist of 75-100% crushed No. 8's.
5) Conditions may exist, at the discretion of the Engineer, where 100% crushed No. 57’s shall be
used for bedding
H. Pipe Installation.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
1) The Engineer may request a competent manufacturer’s representative on the job when the
initial pipe laying starts and the representative shall remain until the Engineer is satisfied that
the Contractor’s workmen are capable of making proper installation. This requirement may be
waived if, in the opinion of the Engineer, such instruction is not necessary.
2) The Contractor shall provide and use proper tools and equipment for the safe and convenient
handling of the pipe and fittings. In all cases, the pipe, fittings, and accessories shall be
unloaded from trucks using a hoist or skidded down a ramp from the truck bed to the ground
with rope snubbers. Under no condition shall this material be dropped from the truck bed to the
ground. All materials shall be delivered and distributed at the site of the project by the
Contractor. In distributing the storm sewer material, each length of pipe shall be unloaded
opposite or near the place where it is to be installed in the trench.
3) The individual lengths of pipe and fittings shall be placed on the ground in such a manner that
no surface water, mud, dirt, or other debris can enter the pipe barrel. The pipe and fittings shall
always be unloaded onto the high ground above any drainage ditch or other physical low point
in the topography in which surface water may flow during periods of rainfall.
4) Pipe shall be so handled that the coating and lining, when applicable, will not be damaged. If,
however, any part of the coating and lining is damaged, the repair or replacement shall be made
by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer.
5) All pipes and fittings shall be carefully lowered into the trench piece by piece by means of a
derrick, ropes or other suitable tools or equipment in such a manner as to prevent damage to
storm sewer materials and protective coatings and linings. Under no circumstances shall
materials be dropped or dumped into the trench.
6) During laying operations, no debris, tools, clothing or other materials shall be placed in the pipe.
7) Pipe shall be laid with bell ends facing in the direction of laying, unless directed otherwise by the
Engineer.
8) As each length of pipe is placed in the trench, the spigot end shall be centered in the bell and
the pipe forced home and brought to correct line and grade.
9) Dirt and other foreign material shall be prevented from entering the joint space.
10)
The pipe shall be secured in place with approved bedding material tamped under it, except at
the bells.
11)
At times when pipe laying is not in progress, the open ends of pipe shall be closed by a
watertight plug.
12)
If water is in the trench, the seal shall remain in place until the trench is pumped completely
dry and ready for pipe laying operations.
13)
Make joints and install gaskets according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
14)
Do not open up more than 200' of trench in advance of pipe laying.
15)
Line and grade for the gravity pipeline shall be established by the Contractor using laser
beam.
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16)
I.
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
Pipes connecting to manholes should be quarter lengths in and out of the manhole to
minimize settlement at the manhole.
Concrete Cradles.
1) Provide concrete cradles for sewer pipe if ordered by the Engineer due to highly unstable soil
conditions, such as quicksand, or if additional structural support is warranted for a storm sewer
crossing another utility.
2) Place concrete cradles as shown on the plans and as directed by the Engineer.
J. Backfill.
1) General.
a. Backfill immediately after pipe installation or as soon as the particular type of construction
and circumstances will permit.
b. Avoid damage to the pipe or other completed structures.
c. Backfill material shall conform to the construction drawings and specifications. Excavated
material approved for backfill by the Engineer shall be free from rubbish and frozen material.
2) Backfill Over Pipe.
a. See Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details on backfilling above the pipe zone.
b. Granular backfill shall be free from slag, cinders, ashes, refuse, or other deleterious or
objectionable materials. It shall not contain excessive amounts of loam and clay and shall
not be lumpy or frozen.
3) Trench Backfill.
a. Backfill within 12” (6" where controlled density backfill is used) above top of pipe shall be
carefully deposited.
b. Thoroughly compact by tamping with pneumatic tools or by other means, approved by the
Engineer.
c. Compaction by flooding backfill material with water is not permitted.
d. See Fairborn Engineering Standards for further details on layer thickness during
compaction.
4) Settlement.
a. Refill any settlement in backfill, and repair or replace any surface treatment or pavement
failures occurring within one year after acceptance of work by the City. Repair shall be
made at no additional cost to the City.
K. Separation of Sanitary Sewers, Water Mains, and Storm Sewers.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
1) Sanitary sewers shall be laid at least 10' horizontally from any existing water main or storm
sewer.
2) Sanitary sewers crossing water mains or storm sewers shall be laid to provide a minimum
vertical distance of 18" between the outside of the water main and the outside of the sewer. It is
preferred that the water main shall be located above the sewer. At crossings, one full length of
water pipe shall be located so both joints will be as far from the sewer as possible. Special
structural support for the water and sewer pipes may be required.
3) Where sanitary sewers are being installed and conditions 1 and 2 cannot be met, the sewer
materials shall be waterworks grade 150 psi pressure rated pipe or equivalent and shall be
pressure tested to ensure water tightness.
901.05
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PIPE INSTALLATION
A. PVC pipe shall be installed in conformance with ASTM-D2321, Standard Practice for Underground
Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity Flow Applications, and the pipe
manufacturer’s recommendation.
901.06
ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE - STYRENE (ABS) COMPOSITE AND SOLID WALL PIPE
INSTALLATION
A. ABS pipe shall be installed in conformance with ASTMD-2321, Standard Practice for Underground
Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe and Other Gravity Flow Applications, and the pipe manufacturer’s
recommendation.
901.07
REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE INSTALLATION
A. Reinforced Concrete Pipe shall be installed in conformance with the American Society of Civil
Engineers Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried Pre-Cast Concrete Pipe Using Standard
Installation (SIDD) and per the pipe manufacturer’s recommendation.
901.08
SHEETING, BRACING AND TIMBERING
A. Minimum Requirements.
1) Sheeting, bracing, and timbering shall conform to "Trenching and Excavation, Safe Working
Rules” by the Ohio Division of Safety and Hygiene, OSHA Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)
Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring for Trenches - 1926, Subpart P, App. D, and all local laws,
ordinances and regulations.
B. Installation.
1) Properly, adequately and safely support sides of open trenches and excavations with sheeting,
bracing, and timbering, as required.
2) Similarly support sides and top of all tunnel sections.
3) The Contractor shall provide and maintain safeguards, safety devices, and protective equipment
and take other needed actions necessary to protect the public and property in connection with
the work.
4) If, in the opinion of the Engineer, proper supports have not been provided, the Contractor shall
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
provide additional sheeting, bracing and timbering as directed by the Engineer at no additional
cost to the City. Furnishing of such additional supports does not relieve the Contractor of
responsibility for adequacy of support.
901.09
ADJUSTMENTS TO PLAN AND PROFILE
A. The construction drawings will be revised by the Engineer, if necessary, during the progress of the
work on the project to reflect the actual location of all construction both in plan and profile.
B. The revised plans will be used to obtain horizontal measurements and vertical depth measurements
for any project item based on unit proposals.
901.10
CLEANUP
A. Final cleanup operations shall follow closely behind excavation and pipe installation and shall
proceed in a neat and workmanlike manner with minimum inconvenience to the City and/or general
public.
B. The Engineer shall stop all other work in the event this is a cleanup section, not a backfill section,
cleanup operations are not satisfactory.
A. Replace fences, shrubs, gardens and other existing miscellaneous improvements disturbed during
construction.
901.11
CLEANING AND TELEVISING OF LINES
A. The contractor shall clean and televise all sanitary sewers prior to testing. The line shall be cleared
of all sand, gravel, stones, or other debris by pulling proper size buckets through the sewer.
Additional methods, such as flushing, may be used if prior approval is received by the City and care
exercised to prevent foreign material from entering a sewer in operation. A copy of the videotape,
which becomes the property of the City, shall be provided to the City of Fairborn Engineering
Division.
901.12
TESTING SANITARY SEWER LINES
A. General.
1) Immediately following the pipe cleaning, the Contractor shall air test the pipe installation. At the
time of testing, a determination will be made by the Engineer as to whether the infiltration or
exfiltration test will be required in lieu of the low-pressure air test. The infiltration test may be
required if the groundwater table is 2' above the crown of the sewer at the upstream end of the
sewer line. All visible leaks shall be repaired by the Contractor whether the amount of leakage
exceeds the allowable or not.
B. Low-Pressure Air Test.
1) The equipment and personnel used to conduct the Low Pressure Air Test for sanitary sewers
shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.
2) The Contractor may desire to make an air test prior to backfilling for his/her own purposes.
However, the acceptance air test shall be made after backfilling has been completed and
compacted.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
3) All wyes, tees, or end of side sewer stubs shall be plugged with flexible-joint caps, or acceptable
alternates, securely fastened to withstand the internal test pressures. Such plugs or caps shall
be readily removable, and their removal shall provide a socket suitable for making a flexiblejointed lateral connection or extension.
4) Air shall be slowly supplied to the plugged pipe installation until the internal air pressure reaches
three and one-half pounds (3.5 lbs.) per square inch greater than the average back pressure of
any groundwater that may submerge the pipe. At least two (2) minutes shall be allowed for
temperature stabilization before proceeding further.
5) The allowable pressure drop in the sanitary sewer or lateral shall be 1 psi in the allowable time
limit based on pipe diameter and length of main or lateral as shown in Table 901-1 below:
6) If the pipe installation fails to meet the standard in Table 901-1, the Contractor shall determine
the source or sources of leakage and shall repair (if the extent and type of repairs proposed by
the Contractor are approved by the Engineer) or replace all defective materials or workmanship
at the Contractor’s expense. The completed pipe installation shall meet the standards of Table
901-1 below:
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
TABLE 901-1
LOW PRESSURE AIR TEST TIME (Manhole to Manhole)
Specification time (Min:Sec) required for loss of air pressure from
3.5 psig to 2.5 psig for size and length of pipe indicated
Test Section Length, L in Feet
Pipe Diameter “D”
4”
6”
8”
10”
12”
15”
18”
21”
24”
25
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
50
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:17
75
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
6:04
7:55
100
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:56
8:05
10:39
125
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:09
7:26
9:55
11:20
150
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
6:11
8:30
9:55
11:20
175
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
200
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:17
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
225
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
250
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
275
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
300
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
325
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
350
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
375
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
400
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
425
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
450
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
475
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
500
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:00
5:40
7:05
8:30
9:55
11:20
C. Infiltration Test (Performed when sewer is 2' below the water table).
1) Maximum infiltration for completed sewer systems, including manholes, shall be 100 gallons per
day per inch of diameter per mile of pipe for sanitary sewers.
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
2) Infiltration in excess of this amount shall be considered sufficient reason for rejection of work.
3) The Contractor shall bulkhead the sewer at the outlet side of downstream manhole of the
section to be tested. The method of bulkheading shall be optional, but the seal must be
watertight.
4) Infiltrating water shall collect in the downstream manhole to maximum depth of one-third of the
pipe diameter or 6”, whichever is greater.
5) Water shall be withdrawn as required to prevent the level from exceeding the maximum depth
described above. Withdrawn water shall be by bailing with a container of known volume or
pumping to a larger container, such as a barrel, where the total water withdrawn can be
accurately measured.
6) The rate of infiltration shall be determined from the total amount of water withdrawn during the
time of testing period.
D. Exfiltration Test (Performed when sewer is above water table).
1) Maximum exfiltration for completed sewer systems, including manholes, shall be 100 gallons
per day per inch of diameter per mile of pipe for sanitary sewers.
2) Exfiltration in excess of this amount shall be considered sufficient reason for rejection of work.
3) The Contractor shall bulkhead the sewer at inlet side of downstream manhole section to be
tested. The method of bulkheading shall be optional, but the seal must be watertight.
4) Fill sewer section to be tested with water to a depth of 2’ above the crown of the pipe at the
upstream manhole.
5) Add water as required to maintain the water level 4’ above the invert of the upper manhole. The
amount of water added shall be accurately determined.
6) At the end of test period, add water to bring the level to that specified at the beginning of the
test.
7) The rate of exfiltration shall be determined from the total amount of water added during testing
period.
E. Deflection Testing
1) PVC Pipe and ABS Composite and Solid Wall Pipe.
a. All PVC or ABS main line sewer pipe shall not exceed five percent (5%) deflection and shall
be tested for deflection one hundred twenty (120) days or more after the sewer trench has
been backfilled to finished grade. The deflection test shall be conducted by the Contractor
or a subcontractor approved by the Engineer. The methods and schedules shall be
approved by the City.
b. The deflection test shall be performed with a “go, no go” mandrel having a minimum of nine
(9) evenly spaced arms for an 8" sewer and a minimum of five (5) evenly spaced arms for
10", 12" and 15" sewer. The Contractor shall hand-pull the mandrel through the sewer lines.
The mandrel shall be a one-person pull with normal effort only. Use of re-rounders, etc., is
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ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
not permitted. The mandrel shall be supplied by the Contractor, and it shall have a
minimum size, based on pipe diameter, as shown in Table 901-2, PVC or ABS Pipe,
Minimum Mandrel Size, Five Percent (5%) Deflection:
TABLE 901-2
PVC OR ABS PIPE MINIMUM MANDREL SIZE
FOR FIVE PERCENT (5%) DEFLECTION
NOMINAL PIPE
MINIMUM I.D.
MAXIMUM I.D.
DIAMETER
7.36”
7.50”
8”
9.26”
9.36”
10”
11.16”
11.24”
12”
14.01”
14.06”
15”
c. The Contractor shall provide a suitable proving ring for each mandrel. Any pipe failing the
deflection test shall be replaced, and all costs associated with the replacement and
associated restoration shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. Pipe replaced shall be
retested for infiltration/exfiltration and for deflection.
901.13
MEASUREMENT
A. The unit of measurement for sanitary sewer shall be the linear feet of sewer measured from center
of manhole to center of manhole or to limits shown along the centerline of the sewer in place.
B. The unit of measurement for concrete cradle shall be the linear feet of concrete cradle measured
along the centerline of the pipe.
901.14
PAYMENT
A. The quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price for each of
the particular pay items listed below that are shown in the bid schedule, which price and payment
shall be full compensation for furnishing all material and for all labor, equipment, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the item.
B. When an item of work is not specifically included in the bid schedule, the performance of that item
will be considered a subsidiary obligation of the contractor, the cost of which is to be included in
other items of the contract.
Page 164 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
ITEM
UNIT
901
LF
901
LF
901
LF
901
LF
901
LF
901
LF
901
LF
901
LF
City of Fairborn
DESCRIPTION
( ___“) SDR 35 PVC SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH
GRANULAR BACKFILL
( ___“) SDR 35 PVC SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH
CONTROLLED DENSITY BACKFILL
( ___“) ABS SOLID WALL SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH
GRANULAR BACKFILL
( ___“) ABS SOLID WALL SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH
CONTROLLED DENSITY BACKFILL
( ___“) ABS COMPOSITE SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH
GRANULAR BACKFILL
( ___“) ABS COMPOSITE SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH
CONTROLLED DENSITY BACKFILL
( ___“) RCP SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH GRANULAR
BACKFILL
( ___“) RCP SANITARY SEWER BACKFILL WITH
CONTROLLED DENSITY BACKFILL
** END OF SECTION **
Page 165 of 166
Rev: Dec 2012
ENGINEERING STANDARDS
City of Fairborn
ITEM 905 : SEWAGE PUMPING STATIONS
905.01
SEWAGE PUMPING STATIONS
A. For detailed specifications, contact Fairborn Engineering Division.
** END OF SECTION **
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