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Tenth Biology
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Nutrition - Food Supplying System
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According to the new frame of the question paper, it is proposed that textual
questions shall not be asked and other thing is that, a question once asked in an exam
should not be repeated in any other exam. Therefore, it is very important that the
concept should be understood thoroughly and questions should be prepared according
to the concept.
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To prepare questions on own, you need to study the lesson first. Then divide the
total concept into bits and focus on concept wise analysis and preparing questions.
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For example, in Nutrition lesson, 19 pages are allotted for the lesson wise
concepts.
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Each concept is dealt according to the Academic standards.
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Go through the concept and understand it well. Listen to the lesson in such a way
that you are not left with any doubt regarding the concepts. Clear all your doubts
with your subject teacher or any other source. Divide the concept into bits and
form questions for each concept.
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Once you understand the concept, you will know how to answer it.
Divide the questions into types like 2 marks/ 4 marks/ 1 mark questions.
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Do not panic that you are short of time.
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Plan things in an order and you will not find it hard to concentrate on
conceptual learning and revision.
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If you write your running notes well, you are half done with your task.
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Leave spaces for preparing questions while you write your running notes.
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In the spaces provided, you can write questions.
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Even your doubts can be transformed into questions.
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You do not need to answer separately if you do like this.
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Photosynthesis
Try to form questions like,
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Q: Discuss the mechanism of photosynthesis/ what are the phases of
photosynthesis? Discuss in detail. (AS-1)
( 4 marks)
A: Here, you can write the mechanism of photosynthesis (about both light and dark
reactions)
★ You can write steps involved in the mechanism of photosynthesis, point wise.
R-30-11-14
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Q: Nikhil observed the mode of nutrition of Amoeba in a microscope. He also
observed how nutrition is obtained in cuscuta. He prepared notes with
diagrams on this concept. Can you compare the nutrition in Amoeba and
Cuscuta with diagrams? (AS-5)
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A: Here, you need to discuss about the mode of nutrition in Amoeba and then in
Cuscuta. Then draw relevant diagrams that explain the process of nutrition.
★ Same type of questions can be asked about nutrition in algae and fungi.
Prepare detailed notes on this.
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Q: What is the overall equation of photosynthesis? Can you prepare questions
on the equation?
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A: Give the overall equation and form questions.
★ What are the factors required for photosynthesis?
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★ What are the reactants?
★ What are the products?
light energy
6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Q: Parvati listened to her teacher explaining about nutrition in human beings.
She was not concentrating on the health of her alimentary canal as she ate
lot of junk food. After listening to the lesson, she decided to be healthy. What
decisions she might have taken to be healthy? (AS-6)
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A: Here, explain the nutrition in human beings briefly. Then, write on good food
habits and what decisions parvati might have taken to be healthy.
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Q: Dilip is 8 years old. He was diagnosed with a food deficiency disease. His body
parts were swollen and doctor has recognized that his muscle development is
poor. He had fluffy face and dry skin. Doctor said that his body accumulated
water. Can you identify the disease and recommend measures to treat the
disease? (AS-7)
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A: Here, you can draw the diagram of the disease.
★ You should write the name of the disease - kwashiorkor.
★ You should write the reason for the cause of this disease and measures to take
to overcome this disease.
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Prepare answers for the own questions and also for the
textual questions:
Take the help of your running notes or eenadupratibha.net portal to prepare own
notes. Add your own observations and logical thinking too.
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★ You should first know how to answer to each type of question.
★ When you know how to answer and how much to answer, you can manage
time in the examination.
★ For example, the first topic discussed in the lesson Nutrition is types of
Nutrition.
★ Here, you can prepare a question that can be useful to answer multiple types
of questions.
Q: What are the modes of nutrition? Explain in a tabular form.
(4 Marks)
A:
Details
Mode of nutrition
★ Autotrophic nutrition
★ In Autotrophic nutrition, food (organic materials)
is synthesized from inorganic materials.
★ Heterotrophic nutrition ★ In Heterotrophic nutrition, organisms eat
ready - made complex organic food obtaining
energy for metabolism. There are four types of
heterotrophic nutrition - saprophytic, parasitic,
symbiotic, and insectivorous.
★ Saprophytic nutrition
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★ In
Saprotrophytic
nutrition,
organisms
(decomposers) eat the dead bodies of other
organisms and liberate energy for their own use.
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★ In this process, they break down complex organic
matter from the dead bodies of organisms that
releases vital elements that are absorbed by the
autotrophs.
★ Symbiotic nutrition
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★ In Symbiotic nutrition, two different organisms
live together. They share shelter and nutrients.
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★ Insectivorous nutrition ★ In insectivorous nutrition, plants are autotrophic
but obtain food from insects. They obtain organic
matter as well as animal nitrogen from the insects.
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★ Parasitic nutrition
★ In parasitic nutrition, organisms live in or on other
living organisms, which are called as hosts. They
derive nutrition and shelter from the hosts.
★ Parasitic nutrition may harm the host plant.
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★ Try adding examples to each type of nutrition.
★ In such questions, you can study about all the modes of nutrition. You can
get knowledge and understand the concept. If you are asked in one mark
question, like 'what is Autotrophic/ heterotrophic/ saprophytic/ parasitic
nutrition' you can answer separately. Alternatively, if you are asked to
differentiate between Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition, you can
answer in a tabular form. If you are asked to write in detail about all types
of nutrition, you can write an essay (4 marks) too.
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Learn to draw and label diagrams
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The mode of questioning may vary. Some questions may test your ability to
understand the question and draw the correct diagram. Like,
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Q: Akhil had a problem with his alimentary canal. He went to a doctor. His stomach
was scanned. He obtained knowledge about his alimentary canal after going
through the scan. Can you draw the alimentary canal (digestive system) of a human
being and label its parts?
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★ A few questions will have the diagram and you will be asked to label the
diagram and name it. Like,
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Q: A student prepared a model showing the passage of the food through different
parts of the alimentary canal. Observe this and label this.
Learn how to answer the experiments
When an experiment is given as a question, draw the diagram first and then label
it. Then, write the format of the experiment. Explain your observations and the
inference you obtained at the end. When an experiment is given as a question, other
logical questions will also be given. You should draw the diagram, write the
experiment, and then answer the additional questions too.For example..
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Q. How do you prove that carbon dioxide is necessary for photosynthesis.
a. Why is this experiment called Mohl's half leaf experiment?
b. How do you de-starch a plant?
A:
De starching a plant: to de-starch a plant, we need to keep the plant in dark for
about a week.
blue black
(starch formed)
split cork
wide mouthed boule
potted
plant
no starch
KoH
Mohl’s half leaf experiment
Aim: To prove that Carbon dioxide is necessary for Photosynthesis
★ Apparatus required wide mouthed transparent bottle, destarched plant,
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potassium hydroxide pellets / potassium hydroxide solution, split cork.
Procedure: Arrange the apparatus as shown in the figure.
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★ Take the wide mouthed transparent bottle.
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★ Put potassium hydroxide pellets / potassium hydroxide solution in the bottle.
(Potassium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide)
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★ Insert split cork in the mouth of the bottle.
★ Insert one of the leaves of de starched plant (through a split cork) into
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transparent bottle containing potassium hydroxide dioxide pellets/potassium
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hydroxide solution.
★ Leave the plant in sunlight.
★ After a few hours, test this leaf and any other leaf of this plant for starch.
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Observation: The leaf that was exposed to the atmospheric air becomes bluish black,
and the one inside the flask containing potassium hydroxide that absorbs carbon
dioxide in the bottle does not become blue-black.
Inference: This shows that carbon dioxide is necessary for photosynthesis.
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a. Name of the experiment is taken from its inventor name.
★ It is called as Moll's half leaf experiment because Moll has divided the leaf
into two half portions one inside the bottle and other outside.
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b. To de-starch a plant, we should keep the plant in dark for about a week.
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Writer: K. Vijaya Bhanu
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