EAST ASIA III
(CHAPTER 9: 470-491)
THE JAKOTA TRIANGLE
† CHARACTERISTICS
„ Great cities
„ Enormous consumption of raw materials
„ State-of-the-art industries
„ Voluminous exports
„ Global links
„ Trades surpluses
„ Rapid development
† CHALLENGES
„ Social problems
„ Political uncertainties
„
Vulnerabilities
1
JAPAN
•Transportation
•Resources
•Cities
JAPAN’S
CORE AREA
OUTLINE OF JAPANESE
HISTORY
† 600 - 800 Chinese cultural influence
† 1000 -1300 War, Medieval society arises,
shoguns evolve
† 1600 -1867 Tokugawa Shogunate, isolation,
foreigners and Christianity expelled,
individualistic culture, emphasis on Shinto
belief system
† 1853 - Commodore Perry acquires new
treaties with the outside
2
MEIJI RESTORATION
† 1868 Rebellion brought in reformers
† Reinstated the emperor and began to transform
Japan from a Feudal society with pre-machine age
technology to an industrial power
† Adopted aspects of the British model
† Launched a systematic study of the industrialized
world
† Focus was on industrialization and education
system
EXPANSIONIST JAPAN
† Taiwan
† Korea
† Pacific Islands
† Manchuria
† China
† Hong Kong
† Southeast Asia
1895
1910
Post WW I
1931
1937
1939
1941
JAPAN’S POST WW II
TRANSFORMATION
† 1945 –1952: Allied
Occupation
„
„
„
„
„
„
Economic reshaping
Labor legislation
Constitution
Civil rights
Land reform
U.S. “Helping hand”
policy
3
POPULATION COMPARISONS
300
297
MILLIONS
250
200
150
128
100
50
49
0
23
POPULATION PROFILES
INDIA
MALE
JAPAN
AGE
FEMALE
MALE
FEMALE
70+
60-69
50-59
40-49
30-39
20-29
10-19
0-9
30
15
0
15
30
Percent of Population
20
10
0
10
20
Percent of Population
DECLINING
JAPANESE POPULATION
† Population:
† Birth rate:
† Death rate:
† Growth rate:
† Life expectancy:
† Urbanization:
127.9 million
9 births/1,000
8 deaths/1,000
0.1%
78 (M), 85 (F)
78%
4
KOREA
KOREA
† The size of “Idaho” but with a population of 73
million
† Turbulent political history
„
„
„
„
A dependency of China
A colony of Japan’s
Divided along the 38th parallel by Allied Powers
> WW II (1945)
Cease-fire line established in1953
NORTH-SOUTH CONTRASTS
† NORTH KOREA
55% of the land, 1/3 of the population, extremely rural
Antiquated state enterprises
„ Inefficient, non-productive agriculture
„ Limited trade – former Soviet Union and China
† SOUTH KOREA
„ 45% of the land, 2/3s of the population, highly
urbanized
„ Modern factories
„ Intensive, increasingly mechanized agriculture
„ Extensive trade – US, Japan, and Western Europe
„
„
5
THE KOREAS
† POPULATION
23,100,000
48,700,000
† GNP (BILLIONS)
$ 21.3
$ 508.3
† GNP/CAPITA
$ 920
$ 17,930
† AGRICULTURE
RESTRICTIVE
GOOD
„
(as % of GNP)
25 %
8%
„
(% work force)
36 %
21 %
LAND USE PATTERNS
Rugged Mountains
Industrial Area
Main Rice Producing
Secondary Rice Producing
Free Trade Zone
SEOUL
† Capital of Korea (late 1300s - early 1900s)
† 9.6 million people
† Located in the northwest corner of South Korea –
just south of the DMZ
† The urban-industrial center!
„
Textiles, clothing, footwear, electronic goods
† Vulnerabilities?
6
SEOUL
TAIWAN
TAIWAN
† Historical background:
„
„
„
„
A Chinese province for centuries
Colonized by Japan in 1895
Returned to China > WWII
1949 – Chinese Nationalists (supported by the US) fled
from the mainland and established the Republic of
China (ROC)
† Territory - approximately 14,000 Square miles
† Population – 22.8 million
† 78% urbanized
7
FOUR ECONOMIC TIGERS
Former
State
“TIGER”
Date
of
Split
• SOUTH KOREA KOREA
1952
• TAIWAN
CHINA
1949
• HONG KONG
CHINA
1841
• SINGAPORE
MALAYSIA
1965
THE FOUR TIGERS
(ISSUES AND CONCERNS)
† Vulnerability to Global Market
Fluctuations
† Land Use Competition
† Urban Problems
† Environmental Degradation
† Political Questions
† Post Industrial Economy
EAST ASIA III
(CHAPTER 9: 470-491)
8