Lab No. 1
The human body: review of basic concepts. Cell (part 1).
I. Fill in the blanks in the following statements.
1. A(n)_____________is a group of similar cells and their surrounding materials performing specific functions.
2. Which body system returns proteins and plasma to the cardiovascular system, transports lipids from the digestive
system to the cardiovascular system, filters blood, protects against disease, and produces white blood cells?_______
3. The three major parts of the cell are the _______________ , ________________ , and _____________________ .
4. The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body is called ___________________ .
II. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false.
1. In a positive feedback system, the response enhances or intensifies the original stimulus.
2. The highest level of structural organization is the system level.
3 The term tissue can apply either to one of the four primary tissue types or to a particular organ’s aggregate of
cellular and extracellular components.
4. Cells in a multicellular organism have specialized to such an extent that they have little in common with singlecelled organisms.
5. Cell specializations are usually a modification or elaboration of one of the basic cell functions.
6. Negative feedback usually has a negative (harmful) effect on the body.
III. Match the following systems with their functions:
(a) nervous system
(b) endocrine system
(c) urinary system
(d) cardiovascular system
(e) muscular system
(f) respiratory system
(g) digestive system
(h) skeletal system
(i) integumentary system
(j) lymphatic system and immunity
(k) reproductive system
(1) regulates body activities through hormones (chemicals) transported in the blood to various target organs of the
body
(2) produces gametes; releases hormones from gonads
(3) protects against disease; returns fluids to blood
(4) protects body by forming a barrier to the outside environment; helps regulate body temperature
(5) transports oxygen and nutrients to cells; protects against disease; carries wastes away from cells
(6) regulates body activities through action potentials (nerve impulses); receives sensory information; interprets and
responds to the information
(7) carries out the physical and chemical breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients
(8) transfers oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood
(9) supports and protects the body; provides internal framework; provides a place for muscle attachment
(10) powers movements of the body and stabilizes body position
(11) eliminates wastes; regulates the volume and chemical composition of blood
IV. Match each numbered item with the most closely related lettered item.
1. cytology
a. study of tissues
2. responsiveness
b. structural change in the body
3. development
c. study of organs of one system
4. histology
d. detect and react to stimuli
5. systemic anatomy
e. study of cells
V. Using the key choose the organ system to which each of the following sets of organs or body structure belongs.
Key: cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, integumentary, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory,
skeletal, urinary
1. lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic vessels ___________
2. bones, cartilages, ligaments _____________
3. thyroid, thymus, pituarity ______________
4. skin, nails, hair _________________
5. trachea, bronchi, alveoli _________________
6. uterus, ovaries, vagina __________________
7. arteries, veins, heart ____________________
8. esophagus, large intense, rectum _______________
When a decrease in blood pressure is detected by the central nervous system, the central nervous system triggers
several changes that will return the blood pressure to its set point. This is an example of:
a. positive feedback
b. thermoregulationc. negative feedback
d. reverse feedback
e. set point feedback
The presence of a full bladder triggers the bladder to contract. As a little urine is released, this causes more
contractions which will completely empty the bladder. This is an example of:
a. homeostatic regulation
b. uroregulation
c. negative feedback
d. positive feedback
e. reverse feedback