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Albert Einstein
(1879 – 1955)
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Dissatisfied with the limitations of the special
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theory of relativity, which applied only to bodies
in constant and consistent motion and did not
account for gravity, he
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to produce
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encompassing theory of relativity. He found the
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work harder than he expected.
Henewsletter
struggled
the maths, but eventually
published
the general
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theory of relativity in 1916. His theories of
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relativity redefined what
we think of space, time,
matter and energy. When
thenewsletter
astronomer
Arthur
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Eddington confirmed here.
part of Einstein’s theory by
showing that gravity can bend light, Einstein
became an international scientific superstar.
Einstein was born in Ulm Germany, but also
lived in Switzerland and Italy. Despite being
later hailed a genius, Einstein was not a
promising scholar. His father consulted as
expert because he suspected his son was
backward, and Einstein at first failed to get into
the Polytechnic at Zurich because his
mathematics was not up to scratch. He could
not get an academic post and so took a job in
the Patent Office in Bern, Switzerland. This
turned out to be a good move, as he was good
at the job but had enough free time and
intellectual energy to pursue his interest in
Physics. It was while he was at the Patent
Office, and studying physics in his free time,
that he published five world-changing papers,
covering the photoelectric effect, Brownian
motion and the special theory of relativity. His
Nobel Prize, awarded, in 1921, was for this
early work.
Einstein moved to the USA to escape the Nazi
persecution of the Jews. He spent the rest of his
life in the USA, based at the university in
Princeton. He continued to work as a theoretical
physicist until the end of his life, struggling but
failing to find a unified field theory – a single
theory or group of related theories that would
account for everything in the universe.