The Corporation of the City of Pickering Planning & Development Department Engineering Design Criteria Storm Sewer Services and Roads General Plan 1. All plans are to be drawn in metric units. 2. All general plans must be drawn at a scale of 1:1000 or 1:500. 3. Show the Title Block in the lower right-hand corner of the drawing. The Title Block must include the following information: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) Revision Block Subdivision Name and Street or Easement Limits “Approved” - Provide a line for signature and date. The following note must be placed under the signature; "Approval to works required by City of Pickering and as defined in the Subdivision Agreement." Consultant's Name and Engineer's Stamp (signed and dated). Scale Designed by, Drawn by and Checked by Date Issued Draft Plan of Subdivision No. 18T-______ and/or SP-______ Registered Plan No. 40M-______ Drawing Number 4. Show a Key Plan in the upper right-hand corner of the drawing. The Key Plan should include a North arrow and scale. 5. Indicate the North arrow on the general plan. 6. Refer all datum to a City of Pickering Bench Mark. 7. Show existing contour lines at 0.5 metre intervals. 8. Storm sewer services must be provided and shown for all lands that are to be registered and for adjacent future lands to be developed. 9. All sewers are to be terminated at the subdivision limits where external drainage areas are to be considered in the design of same. 10. Storm sewers are to be located to the south or west of the centre line of the road. Sanitary sewers and watermains are to be located to the north or east of the centre line of the road. SS-1 11. Show all existing services, above ground utilities, sidewalks, curbs, etc. and abutting property limits in broken lines, indicating them as such. 12. Show all proposed above ground services, sidewalks, curbs, road allowances, street names, etc. 13. Show all existing and proposed lot numbers, blocks, easements and phases if applicable. 14. Show all existing and proposed maintenance holes and catch basins, indicating them as such. 15. Show all existing and proposed storm and sanitary sewer lengths, sizes, material, slopes and direction of flow. All sewers 750 mm in diameter, or larger must be shown with two lines. The slopes are to be shown to two decimal places. 16. Show all rear yard catch basins and easements. 17. Show all existing and proposed watermain sizes and type, along with valves and hydrants. 18. If the plans are amended or altered after the Director, Planning & Development has approved them; the date of revision shall be noted in the Revision Block and resubmitted to the Director, Planning & Development for approval. 19. Prior to assumption the applicant is required to provide a complete project package to the City. This package includes the following: a) "As Constructed Drawing Set ", one set of hard copy drawings printed onto Mylar (complete with all required signatures); b) Digital "As Constructed Drawing Set" in an Adobe format (.pdf file), (complete with all required signatures); c) Digital "As Constructed Drawing Set" in AutoCAD format (.dwg file, which may include LDD or Civil 3D) • Provide all Paper Space Title Blocks and Plot Style Tables • All existing survey points are to be contained in the drawing • All proposed TIN's, grading models and/or contour lines are to be contained in the drawing • All line work must be in Model Space at 1:1 scale and unrotated in a World Coordinate System (WCS) • Drawing units are to be in metric • Purge all old or extra drawing layers • Bind all XRef files (no external attachments upon submission) • Georeferenced plans are prefered, but not mandatory for submission SS-2 d) All digital "Project" support files which do not reside in AutoCAD such as stormwater calculations, technical reports, etc. • The digital formats may be from industry standard software including Microsoft Office, Adobe, Synchro Traffic, OTTHYMO, etc. Storm Drainage Area Plan 20. Drainage Area Plans Watershed Area The watershed area for the site shall be determined from contour plans and shall include all lands that naturally drain into the system and any fringe areas not accommodated in adjacent storm drainage systems, as well as other areas which may become tributary due to regrading. The information shall be confirmed with the City prior to the start of the design of the internal servicing of the site. External Areas A plan shall be prepared to a scale of 1:1000 or 1:2000, depending on the size of the watershed area, to show the nature of the drainage of the lands surrounding the development site and to accurately delineate all external drainage areas that are contributory to the drainage system for the development. The external drainage areas shall be divided into smaller tributary areas and the area and the location to which the tributary area is considered in the design shall be clearly shown. The plan shall clearly show all existing contours used to justify the limits of the external drainage area. In lieu of precise information on development on the whole or any part of a watershed area, the latest zoning by-law and Official Plans issued by the Planning & Development Department shall be used for all external areas in the design and to determine the specific areas to which these values apply. Internal Drainage Area Plan All internal storm drainage plans shall be prepared to a scale of 1:500 and shall include all streets, lots, blocks, rights-of-way, easements and other lands within the development or capital improvement project. The proposed storm sewer system shall be shown on this plan with all manholes numbered consecutively from the outlet. These manholes shall be the tributary points in the design, and the area contributing to each manhole shall be clearly outlined on this plan. The area, in hectares, of each contributing area (rounded up to the nearest tenth of a hectare) and the runoff coefficient used shall be shown in a SS-3 circle located within the contributing area indicated on a General Plan and called a Storm Drainage Plan. In cases where areas of different runoff coefficients may be tributary to the same manhole, the areas and the coefficients shall be separately indicated on the plan. In determining the tributary area to each manhole, the proposed grading of the lots must be considered to maintain consistency in the design. In the case of large areas under single ownership or blocks requiring future site plan agreements, the design shall be prepared on the basis of the whole area being contributory to one manhole in the abutting storm sewer unless more than one private storm connection is necessary to serve the property in which case the appropriate area tributary to each connection shall be clearly shown and taken into account in the storm sewer design. The length, size and grade of each section of storm sewer shall also be shown on the storm drainage plan. Where the major and minor system drainage areas differ due to grading, separate major and minor system drainage plans shall be provided to the specifications described above. 21. Show all overland flow routes. 22. Storm calculations are to be made on the City's Storm Sewer Design Sheets (Development Control Design Standard Drawing P-500) and submitted so that each sheet may be filed separately with the subdivision name in the right-hand corner of each sheet. 23. If the plans are amended or altered after the Director, Planning & Development has approved them; the date of revision shall be noted in the Revision Block and resubmitted to the Director, Planning & Development for approval. Plans and Profiles 24. All plans are to be drawn in metric units. 25. All plans and profiles must be drawn at scales of 1:500 horizontally and 1:100 vertically. 26. Show the Title Block in the lower right-hand corner of the drawing. The Title Block must include the following information: a) b) c) Revision Block Subdivision Name and Street or Easement Limits “Approved” - Provide a line for signature and date. The following note must be placed under the signature; "Approval to works SS-4 d) e) f) g) h) i) j) required by City of Pickering and as defined in the Subdivision Agreement." Consultant's Name and Engineer's Stamp (Signed and Dated) Scale Designed by, Drawn by and Checked by Date Issued Draft Plan of Subdivision No. 18T-______ and/or SP-______ Registered Plan No. 40M-_____ Drawing Number 27. Show a Key Plan in the upper right-hand corner of the drawing. The Key Plan should include a North arrow and scale. 28. Indicate the North arrow on all plans. 29. Refer all datum to a City of Pickering Bench Mark. 30. All sewers where external drainage areas are to be considered in the design are to be terminated at the subdivision limits. All sewers, which will not be extended in the future, must extend at least halfway across the frontage and/or flankage of any lot and/or block in the subdivision. 31. The sewer profiles shall be drawn such that each street and easement can be filed separately. 32. The Development Control Design Standard Notes must be shown on the right-hand side, above the Title Block on the first plan and profile drawing, or on a separate drawing reserved for standard notes and symbols, which are as follows: a) All Concrete Sewer Pipe up to and including 450 mm diameter shall be equal to CSA Specifications A257.1 (latest amendment) unless otherwise noted. b) All Concrete Sewer Pipe 525 mm diameter and larger shall be equal to CSA Specifications A257.2 (latest amendment) unless otherwise noted. c) All Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC) shall be equal to CSA Specifications B182.1 and B182.2 (latest amendment) unless otherwise noted. d) For dimensions and details not shown, see the Development Control Design Standard Drawings referred to on the profile. e) All storm sewer mains, house connections and catch basin leads shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers' specifications. SS-5 f) Storm sewer pipes larger than 450 mm are to be benched throughout to the crown of pipes on a vertical projection from springline. g) Storm sewer pipes 450 mm and smaller are to be benched to springline. Note: Prebenched maintenance holes will be considered acceptable if articles (f) and (g) are adhered to. h) All restoration, reconstruction and relocation is to be performed to the satisfaction of the Director, Planning & Development. 33. Show all existing services, above ground utilities, sidewalks, curbs, etc., and abutting property limits in broken lines indicating them as such. 34. Show all existing and proposed services, curbs, sidewalks and roads, dimensioned to the street line. 35. Show all existing and proposed lot numbers, blocks and easements and phases if applicable. 36. Show all proposed above ground services, sidewalks, curbs, road allowances, street names, etc. 37. Show all existing and proposed watermain sizes and type, along with valves and hydrants. 38. Show all existing basement elevations on the profile. 39. Show all existing and proposed storm and sanitary sewer lengths, sizes, material, slopes, inverts and direction of flow. All pipe classifications are to be shown on the profile view. The slopes are to be shown to two decimal places. 40. Show all sewers 750 mm in diameter, or larger with two lines in the plan view. 41. Show all existing and proposed catch basins and indicate them as such. All proposed street catch basins are to be placed on a projection of the property line (i.e., not placed within the limits of the driveway), whenever possible. Whenever catch basins cannot be placed on a projection of the property line, driveway aprons are to be shown. 42. Show all rear yard catch basins and easements. 43. Show the distance between grade points, the percentage of grade, and road elevations in profile. 44. Show road stations in the plan and profile view at a maximum spacing of 25.0 metres. SS-6 45. Show street line elevations at all subdivision limits on the profile. 46. Geometric design standards as defined in Council adopted Official Plan, see Table 1 and section P-700 Standard Drawings. 47. Where a road is to be extended in the future but adjacent property is not Draft Plan approved, then sufficient property must be provided and a turning circle installed having a curb radius of 12.5 metres and a boulevard width to the satisfaction of the Director, Planning & Development (see Development Control Design Standard Drawing P-710). When the adjacent property is Draft Plan approved a turning circle with a reduced curb radius may be installed with prior approval. 48. Where a road is not to be extended in the future, a cul-de-sac is required with a minimum street line radius of 18.0 metres and a curb radius of 12.5 metres. 49. Roads are to be crowned with a minimum 2.0% crossfall. 50. The maximum allowable road grade is 8% for up to and including 9.75 metre pavement widths and 6% for pavement widths over 9.75 metres. The minimum allowable road grade around the longest curb must be a minimum of 0.50% . 51. No road grade change of greater than 2.0% will be permitted. The minimum tangent length for each road grade is 6.0 metres. 52. Show all vertical curve information. 53. For bulbs and turning circles the minimum grade is 1.0% . The grade around the longest curb must be a minimum of 0.50% . The grades for bulbs and turning circles are to be shown on a separate detail with the grades shown at 10.0 metre intervals. 54. A grade of 1.0% to 2.0% backfall on all road profiles should be provided where internal streets intersect with all collector and main roads, wherever it is feasible to do so. Single catch basins will be required if only intersection drainage is being accommodated. SS-7 55. All curves at the street line must be marked showing the radius. All radii for curbs at intersections of 8.5 metre pavements (20 metre allowance) are 7.5 metres. This is a standard and does not have to be shown. Other pavement widths have curb radii as follows for intersections at right angles, and must be shown. Widths of Intersecting Pavements (in metres) 8.0 and 8.5 8.5 and 8.5 8.5 and 9.75 8.5 and 11.0 8.5 and 13.5 9.75 and 9.75 9.75 and 11.0 9.75 and 13.5 11.0 and 13.5 13.5 and 13.5 13.5 and 15.25 56. Curb Radius (in metres) 7.5 7.5 7.5 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 The maximum allowable spacing between a high point and a catch basin, or between catch basins is as follows: Pavement Width (in metres) Maximum Spacing (in metres) 8.0 8.5 9.75 11.0 13.5 15.25 90.0 90.0 80.0 75.0 70.0 60.0 57. Where the road grade exceeds 5.0% , the maximum spacing is reduced to 75% of the distances noted in Item No. 57. 58. All stormwater management infrastructure (i.e., storm sewers, overland flow routes, stormwater management facilities, etc.), shall be designed in accordance with the City of Pickering’s Stormwater Management Guidelines. 59. At street intersections, catchbasins will be located immediately upstream of sidewalk or pedestrian crosswalks when road grade falls towards the intersection. 60. Catchbasins shall not be located within one metre of a driveway or walkway curb depression. SS-8 61. Catchbasins and its lead connections will be designed to capture the expected maximum flow. 62. Total Capture Inlets shall be designed with a Factor of Safety of 2 (i.e., assuming 50% blockage). 63. A double catch basin is required where drainage is received from more than one direction such as a low point, except in the cases where backfall is required, as noted in Item No. 55. 64. For a single catchbasin, the minimum catchbasin lead connection diameter will be 200 mm and the minimum grade will be 1.0%. 65. For double catchbasins, the minimum catchbasin lead connection diameter will be 250 mm and the minimum grade will be 0.7%. 66. For a rear lot/yard catchbasin the minimum catchbasin lead diameter will be 250 mm with a minimum grade of 0.5% and the lead shall be concrete encased as per drawing P-408. 67. For a park/landscape area the minimum catchbasin lead diameter will be 250 mm and the minimum grade will be 0.7%. 68. The minimum diameter and grade of a municipal storm service connection is 150 mm diameter at 2%. 69. Where orfice tubes are required to restrict flows from private property into the municipal storm sewer, pipe diameters smaller than those in Items No. 66-69 may be required. Orifice tubes are to be located entirely on private property and the connection into the municipal storm sewer shall conform to the requirements in Item No. 69. 70. No surface ponding is allowed to accumulate on the catchbasin for a 1 in 5 year design storm. 71. Maximum water depth allowed on major overland flow routes is up to 300 mm over street catchbasins and 300 mm over rear yard catchbasins. 72. All sidewalks are to be constructed parallel with the curb unless otherwise directed by the Director, Planning & Development. 73. Sidewalk "fillets" are to be constructed with concrete at all "T" and "+" intersections. The curb will be depressed across the width of the fillet in the same manner as the driveway entrances (see Development Control Design Standard Drawing P-611). 74. Show all driveway aprons on the plan view. SS-9 75. Driveways are to be a projection of the outer limits of the garage and are not permitted to cross the projection of the property line at the curb. The minimum width is 3.5 metres for a single driveway and 6.0 metres for a double driveway under normal circumstances. In situations where a double driveway edge(s) crosses the projected property line(s) at the curb, a minimum of 5.0 metres is required. Only one driveway entrance permitted per lot. The Director, Planning & Development, must approve curved and/or circular driveways. 76. All storm sewers shall be designed to capture the 5 year flow using the criteria and procedures in the City of Pickering’s Stormwater Management Guidelines. 77. Major system flow routes shall be sized to safely convey the flow from the greater of the 100 year storm or Hurricane Hazel and shall be designed in accordance with the criteria and procedures in the City of Pickering’s Stormwater Management Guidelines. 78. 100 Year Hydraulic Grade Line calculations shall be performed as per the requirements of the City of Pickering’s Stormwater Management Guidelines and adjustments to the five year design pipe slope and/or diameter shall be made, if necessary, in order to satisfy the criteria that all underside of basement footing elevations will be a minimum of 300 mm above the 100 year Hydraulic Grade Line. 79. All sewers shown within a road allowance should be 3.0 metres apart, 1.5 metres on either side of the centre line of the road allowance, unless otherwise directed by the Director, Planning & Development. 80. A minimum cover of 1.8 metres (from future road grade) is required to the top outside edge of the pipe barrel for storm sewers. 81. Maximum depth of cover for concrete pipe will be in accordance with OPSD 807.010, 807.030 and 807.040. For PVC gravity sewer pipe, the maximum cover will be in accordance with OPSD 806.040. For HDPE gravity sewer pipe the maxium cover will be in accordance with OPSD 806.020 and 806.021. SS-10 82. The minimum clearances required when storm sewers cross other services will be measured from outside wall to outside wall of pipe. Minimum clearances are as follows: If crossing is… Over a sanitary sewer Under a watermain 450 mm diameter or less Over a watermain 450 mm diameter or less Over or under a watermain greater than 450 mm diameter Then minimum clearance is… 300 mm 300 mm 500 mm 500 mm The minimum horizontal separation between a sewer and watermain is 2.5 metres. In cases where it is not practical to maintain separate trenches or the recommended horizontal separation cannot be achieved, a deviation may be allowed subject to approval from the Region of Durham and City of Pickering staff. A minimum clearance of 600 mm between the obvert of the sanitary sewer and the invert of the storm sewer must be provided if any sanitary service connections are required to go under the storm sewer. 83. A minimum pipe diameter of 300 mm shall be provided for sewers being assumed by the City. 84. No decrease in pipe size from a larger size upstream to a smaller size downstream will be allowed regardless of increase in slope. 85. The upstream leg of all storm sewers shall have a minimum slope of 1.0% unless future development(s) to the upstream side cannot accommodate the minimum grade. 86. All storm outfalls that discharge into a ditch or watercourse must blend with the existing direction of flow. Storm outfalls are to be no greater than 90 degrees to receiving ditch or watercourse. 87. Maintenance access roads are required to all inlets, outlet structures, spillways, sediment forebays, sediment drying areas (if applicable) and outfall channels associated with SWM facilities. The access road shall have a minimum width of 4 m, maximum grade of 10% and shall be as per City of Pickering Standard Drawings. Should the outfall be within a fenced area, gate access shall be provided. 88. Dimension Ratio (DR) of PVC storm sewer pipe shall be 35. Acceptance of PVC pipe to be based on soils investigation reports. SS-11 89. Both rigid and flexible pipe are permitted in the construction of storm sewer systems including municipal service connections and catchbasin leads. These materials include reinforced concrete (CONC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and high density polyethylene. However, the bedding design must be compatible with the type of pipe material used. The following guidelines should be followed: If the diameter is… Less than or equal to 375 mm Equal or greater than 450 mm Then the material to use is… PVC CONC or PVC Rigid pipe is recommended in areas of high utility congestion, when bedding may be undermined in the future. 90. On all plans and profiles, the type of bedding for the storm sewers must be shown along the bottom of the profile, and be referred to a Development Control Design Standard Drawing. 91. The following storm sewer easements are required for underground infrastructure not located within the public road allowance: If the service, size and depth is… The easement width is… Rear lot catchbasin lead regardless of 3m diameter and depth Single sewer less than 3.7 m deep 3 – 4.5 m* Two sewers in the same trench 7.5 m Single sewer in excess of 3.7 m deep 9m Combination of two sewers, less than 9m 3.7 m deep A combination of two sewers, in excess of 3.7 m deep and no closer than 3 m 12 m to easement limit Major trunk sewer 20 m ** Three or more sewers, no closer than 3 Add 3 m for each additional sewer m to easement limits *At the discretion of the Director, Planning & Development **Note: sewer will be located off-centre in the easement to allow for future infrastructure 92. All house storm connections must be shown. Provide a single connection for detached lots, two single connections for semi-detached lots and a single connection for each unit on a block. 93. House storm connections will not be permitted to connect directly into maintenance holes without approval from the Director, Planning & Development. 94. All maintenance holes must be indicated with the actual shape on the plan and be referred to a Development Control Design Standard SS-12 Drawing. All non-standard maintenance hole details are to be shown in plan view, and must be drawn at a scale of 1:50 in relationship to the North arrow. 95. A detail must be shown for all maintenance holes when any of the following apply: a) Benching differs from that shown on the Development Control Design Standard Drawings. b) Depth of maintenance hole requires additional reinforcing steel. c) Length or diameter (across base) of maintenance hole exceeds 2400 mm. d) Any maintenance hole not shown in the Development Control Design Standard Drawings e.g., poured maintenance holes. 96. Project the maintenance hole location perpendicular to the centre line chainage and indicate the maintenance holes at this particular chainage in the profile view. 97. All maintenance holes shown in profile must refer to a Development Control Design Standard Drawing and be shown above the centre line of the road profile at each maintenance hole. 98. All maintenance hole chamber openings must be located on the upstream side of the maintenance hole. 99. All maintenance holes shown in the profile must indicate all existing and proposed inverts with each having reference to the North arrow. Lockable maintenance hole covers shall be provided in park blocks and open space blocks. 100. The maximum change in direction of flow in maintenance holes, for storm sewer pipes 675 mm and over, shall be 45 degrees. For 675 mm and larger diameter pipes where the change in direction is greater than 45 degrees, additional maintenance manholes 1200 mm diameter will be required to reduce the angle. 101. The direction of flow in any maintenance hole will not be permitted at acute interior angles. 102. Suitable drops will be provided across maintenance holes to compensate for the energy losses due to the change in flow velocity and to accommodate the difference in depth of flow in the upstream and downstream sewers. When the pipe size does not change through a maintenance hole and the upstream flow velocity does not exceed 1.5 SS-13 metres/second, the following allowances will be made to compensate for hydraulic losses: If alignment change is… Straight Run 15 – 45 Degrees 45 – 90 Degrees Junctions and transitionsa Then drop required is… Grade of sewer or 30 mm 30 mm – MOE minimum 75 mm – preferred 60 mm – MOE minimum 150 mm preferred MOE Calculations a For all junctions and transition maintenance holes and when the upstream flow velocity exceeds 1.5 metres/second, the drop required will need to be calculated using the MOE Guidelines; “Hydraulic Calculations for Junction and Transition Maintenance Holes”. Calculations for hydraulic losses will be included in the design submission. The engineer shall adhere to the following guidelines: • Endeavor to keep entrance and exit velocities equal. In order to reduce the amount of drop required, the engineer will try to restrict the change in velocity from one pipe to another in a maintenance hole to less than 0.6 metre/second • No acute interior angles will be allowed • No decrease in pipe diameter from a larger size upstream to a smaller size downstream will be allowed, regardless of an increase in grade • When an increase in pipe size occurs at the downstream side of the storm maintenance hole, match obvert elevations of the incoming and outgoing pipes or have incoming pipe obverts higher than outgoing pipe obverts 103. The benching in all maintenance holes must not be less than 225 mm in width at any point in the maintenance hole. 104. Maintenance holes shall have a maximum spacing of 110 metres for pipe sizes 250 mm in diameter to 750 mm in diameter, a maximum spacing of 120 metres for pipe sizes 825 mm in diameter to 1200 mm in diameter and a maximum spacing of 150 metres for pipe sizes greater than 1200 mm in diameter. 105. Maintenance holes shall be provided at each change in size, alignment, slope and change in pipe material, at sewer junctions and at locations that will ensure that the distance between maintenance holes will not exceed the limits set out in Item No. 105. 106. As a condition of a functional system the owner shall conduct video inspections of the underground storm sewer system required to be constructed or installed and shall provide a colour digital video file record and written report of those inspections to the satisfaction of the Director, Planning & Development. SS-14 107. Should the video inspection in Item No. 107 detect pipe deflections then plastic sewer pipes will be tested for deflection as per OPSS 410. Ring deflection testing will be performed on all sewer pipes constructed using plastic pipes. Pipes in sizes 250 mm to 450 mm in diameter will have an allowable defelction of 7.5% of the base inside diameter of the pipe. The test will be carried out a minimum of 30 days after the sewer trench has been backfilled and installation of service connections or prior to paving the roadways. 108. If the plans are amended or altered after the Director, Planning & Development has approved them the date of same shall be noted in the Revision Block and resubmitted to the Director, Planning & Development for approval. 109. Final Measurement Sketch Form Sheets for sanitary, storm and water systems, including storm sewer and rear lot catch basin easement certification when applicable, are required to be received and approved prior to the start of the maintenance period. Date of Original Issue: January 1993 Last Date of Revision: February 2012 SS-15 Table No. 1 Street Geometrics Classification Length Right-of- Pavement Number Max. Grade Min. Horizontal Min. Stopping Min. Way Width (Metres) Width (Metres) Percentage Curve Radius (%) (Metres) Sight Distance Between Curves (Metres) (Metres) of Lanes Tangent Type ‘C’ Arterial 5 Lane 4 Lane 27 27 18.0 15.25 5 4 6.0 6.0 350 350 105 105 120 120 27 15.25 4 6.0 130 80 75 22 11.0 2 6.0 85 60 45 27 22 20 13.5 11.0 9.75 4 2 2 6.0 6.0 8.0 130 130 85 80 80 60 75 75 45 22 11.0 2 6.0 NA NA 45 20 18.5 18 8.5 8.5 8.0 2 2 2 8.0 8.0 8.0 NA NA NA NA NA NA 45 45 45 Collector Major Industrial Commercial Minor Industrial Commercial Major Residential Minor Residential Minor Residential Local Industrial Commercial Residential Residential Residential SS-16
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