2013 FHSS Classroom Technology Survey Vaughn R.A. Call (Sociology) March 1, 2013 For internal use only Web‐based survey of all full‐time faculty in the College of Family Home and Social Sciences Conducted January 19, 2013 to February 8, 2013. 175 responses (86% response rate). I gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Lance D. Erickson (Sociology) , Jeremy B. Yorgason (School of Family Life), and Bruce Burgon (FHSS Computing Services) in the preparation of the faculty survey and this presentation. Survey Demographics Department Age Anthropology 6% Economics 12 Geography 5 History 20 Political Science 13 Psychology (Neuroscience) 15 School of Family Life 14 School of Social Work 4 Sociology 11 39 or younger 29% 40‐49 28 50‐59 21 60 or older 22 100% Number of students in largest class Rank Assistant professor Associate professor Professor 31% 37 32 1‐24 25‐49 50‐99 over 100 20% 38 23 19 The 175 responses represent an 86 percent response rate from the entire population of all eligible full‐time faculty in the College of Family, Home, and Social Sciences as of January 15, 2013. Note: There are a large number of open‐ended questions that have not yet been coded. These open‐ended questions give faculty the opportunity to provide examples and details to support answers. As soon as those questions are coded and entered, I will file an addendum to this presentation. Key Policy Issues 1. Technology podium redesign 2. University‐wide mandatory laptop requirement: 3. Move toward e‐book use at BYU 4. Require faculty to bring laptop to class to access podium features 5. Install wireless in all classrooms 6. Learning Suite satisfaction 7. Faculty attitudes about technology in the classroom Committee Issue # 1: Tech podium redesign – current classroom hardware use Q3. While you were teaching your Fall 2012 classes, about how often did you use the following technology: 1‐4 Several class class Every periods a periods a class Never month week period LCD Projector Classic overhead projector Slide projector DVD player VCR player CD player TV (with VCR/DVD player) Wireless internet I Clicker Digital document camera Digital video recorder 12% 79 97 36 60 77 83 34 85 95 98 14% 12 2 58 34 20 15 38 4 5 2 10% 3 0 4 2 2 2 7 1 0 0 64% 6 1 1 0 1 0 21 10 0 0 Committee Issue # 1: Tech podium redesign – software use Q4a. During the Fall 2012 semester, about how often did you use the following technology options in your teaching? 1‐4 Several times a times a Every Not Never month week day familiar Presentation technology (i.e. PowerPoint, Prezi) 7% 17% 17% 58% 1% Podcasting 82 12 0 0 6 Video production software 77 10 1 1 11 Lecture Capture (i.e. Camtasia Relay, Vidyo, eT) 73 7 1 0 19 Video Conferencing (i.e Vidyo, Skype, Connect) 85 10 1 0 4 Video Sharing Applications (i.e. YouTube, BYUGLE) 35 46 16 2 1 Library e‐reserves 67 23 6 1 3 Course Management system (i.e. BYU Learning Suite) 10 24 24 40 2 Digital image collections 67 18 3 2 10 MyWebspace 81 1 0 0 18 Web development tools (i.e. Dreamweaver, HTML, SharePoint) 80 5 1 2 12 Q4a. During the Fall 2012 semester, about how often did you use the following technology options in your teaching? 1‐4 Several times a times a Every Not Never month week day familiar e‐portfolios Wikis Blogs Games and/or simulations Multi‐user virtual environments (i.e. Second Life) Social networking sites (i.e. MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, Delicious, Yammer) Online Collaborative Tools (i.e. Drupal, Google Apps, Google docs, Zoho, 78% 76 78 76 83 84 55 5% 11 16 19 1 13 30 1% 1 2 1 1 0 6 0% 1 1 1 0 0 2 16% 10 3 3 15 3 7 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 18 3 8 14 SharePoint, office 365, Skydrive, Digital Dialog) Mash‐ups (i.e. Flickr.com/maps) Instant messaging Virtual meetings/web conferencing (i.e. Adobe Connect, Webx) RSS feeds 80 93 88 83 2 2 4 2 Q10. Which of the following tools would you use in your courses if the university provided them to you? Probably Probably Definitely Not Would would would would familiar not use not use use use with this Podcasting (audio or video) Blogs and/or wikis Interactive white boards Lecture capture Web conferencing (remote guest access) 42% 40 22 29 34 25% 26 14 18 23 19% 20 27 25 26 4% 6 13 8 9 10% 8 24 20 8 Other technologies mentioned (single responses) Airplay connectivity to projectors (or other standardized wireless screen mirroring technology) better interactive computer test administrators iclicker receiver built into room IPADS Q11. What technological tools or capabilities do you wish you had for classroom instruction? First 22 comments – coding in process I like/have pretty much everything I need ‐ 6 Good whiteboard markers ‐3 A mic, podium that works ‐2 Better quality video/brighter projectors DVD controls to freeze scene – better video control Better digital display of 3D maps I wish I had the talents (and user‐friendly software) to create graphics to represent concepts while students were watching. I wish that I could invite guests from around the world into my classroom and have them interact with my students. I wish my students could 'virtually' visit places where I have been (much like a very detailed real‐time Google earth). I wish it was easier to Skype with a professor or expert from another university in the classroom. a blog site A doc cam ‐ 3 A second screen Better Internet availability for students Committee Issue # 2: Mandatory Laptop Purchase Q8a. In your opinion, should all students enrolled in your department’s major/minor curriculum be required to purchase a laptop? NO 72% Uncertain: 17% Differences by department … Differences by class size … No Uncertain Anthropology Economics Geography History Political Science Psychology (Neuroscience) School of Family Life School of Social Work Sociology 56% 100 88 82 64 68 63 33 67 0% 0 12 6 23 8 25 0 17 Class size NO Uncertain 1‐24* 64% 9% 25‐29 71 10 50‐99 92 3 100+ 65 29 * mostly graduate and upper division courses Q5. Current class use of computer class held in lab class sometimes held in lab laptop required in class helpful or considering no 10% 15 3 2 70 Committee Issue # 3 Move toward E‐Book use at BYU Q6. In your opinion do electronic textbooks (e‐books) facilitate student learning better than regular paper textbooks? It doesn't matter; both are equal Yes, e‐books are better than paper textbooks No, paper textbooks are better than e‐books Don't know 37% 2 33 28 Q7. What type of textbooks are normally used in your classes? Paper textbooks or e‐books (no preference, students choose) Paper textbooks only (no e‐books available) E‐books only (no paper textbooks available) Paper textbooks preferred (but e‐books available) E‐books preferred (but paper textbooks available) Don't use textbooks ‐ no textbook required for my courses 48% 26 1 16 3 6 Committee Issue # 4 Require Faculty to Bring Laptop to Class to Operate Technology Podiums Q12a . An option being discussed is to move all software applications from classroom tech podiums to “the cloud.” This change would require you to bring your own laptop or tablet PC to class in order to connect to software. Would you support this option? NO 70% Comparisons by age … 39 or 40‐49 50‐59 60+ younger NO 71% 61% 80% 70% Some reasons for bring laptop or leave podium as is: cloud support: leave as is: already bring laptop don’t want to lug laptop to class stability (podium unreliable) (most comments) Potential Financial Impact on FHSS if Laptop Required for Podium Use Faculty computers by department (March 1, 2013) Department Desktop Laptop Anthropology 4 7 Economics 10 13 Family Life 11 28 Geography 4 7 History 9 27 Political Science 11 18 Psychology 14 19 Sociology 16 5 Social Work 6 4 85 128 Within FHSS faculty and departments, some faculty are more concerned with mobility, while others are more concerned with computing power and hard disk size for their research. Given current capital equipment budgets, the College can’t afford to put the computing power in a laptop that we can in a desktop. Q31. When you teach in tech rooms (tech podium with computer installed), how often do you bring your own laptop (personal or office) and use it to run the podium rather than using the installed podium computer? Always Very often Sometimes Rarely Never 10% 4 8 21 57 Top 5 reasons they use laptop: (in order) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Need software not on podium Podium slow/unreliable Everything available on my laptop (if needed) Mac user Files too big to transfer Note: Even though 128 FHSS faculty have laptops, only 24 always or very often bring their laptops to class. As noted earlier, most don’t want to lug their laptops to class. Committee Issue # 5 Install wireless in all classrooms Q9a The university is considering the installation of wireless Internet access in more classrooms. If wireless access was installed in your classroom, how likely would you be to use wireless technologies during your class lectures? Extremely unlikely Very unlikely Unlikely Somewhat unlikely Somewhat likely Likely Very likely Extremely likely 16% 11 11 11 23 11 11 6 Significant differences by department … Unlikely Uncertain Likely Anthropology 44% 12% 44% Economics 53 42 5 Geography 38 12 50 History 64 24 12 Political Science 45 32 23 Psychology (Neuroscience) 2 40 36 School of Family Life 21 46 33 School of Social Work 0 50 50 Sociology 17 50 33 Q9b. What are the major reasons you are unlikely to use the wireless option in your classroom? 96 comments – mostly long responses (coding in process) major themes – first 20 comments 1. student distraction – how do we turn it off? (most responses) 2. doesn’t fit course material 3. professor/student personal interaction in small classes is the ultimate “wireless connection” Q9c. How would you use the wireless option in your classroom? (coding in process) major themes – first 20 comments 1. student access to websites/ learning suite 2. quizzes – replace i‐Clicker, in class polling 3. don’t know yet 4. work in groups/report group findings Committee Issue # 6 Satisfaction with Learning Suite Q13. The next few questions are about Learning Suite. For how many of your current courses do you use BYU Learning Suite? All of my courses Some of my courses None of my courses 84% 9 7 Q14. Why don’t you use Learning Suite for all of your classes? Q14‐1 It does not fit well with some of my courses Q14‐2 It is difficult to learn how to use BYU Learning Suite Q14‐3 I prefer to use web pages or other means of electronic delivery Q14‐4 I do not have the time to learn how to use BYU Learning Suite Other: unreliable (6 responses) not flexible/non‐intuitive (2 responses) (14 responses) ( 7 responses) ( 9 responses) ( 5 responses) Q15. Taking everything into consideration, how satisfied are you with BYU's Learning Suite as a your course management tool? 1 Not at all satisfied 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extremely satisfied 10% 16 11 21 28 13 1 Below 4 37% Above 4 42% Q16. When was the last time you encountered a technical problem with BYU Learning Suite? 1‐2 days ago Less than a week ago Less than a month ago More than a month ago (last semester) Never 26% 22 23 24 5 Qx. When was the last time you encountered a technical problem with BYU Learning Suite? 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% never more than month ago less than month ago less than week ago 1‐2 days ago Q17. In a typical week, how often do you use each of the features of BYU Learning Suite? Once or Once or Almost Don’t know twice a twice a every Every how to Never month week day day use it Announcements Assignments Learning Outcomes Messages Content Digital dialog Exams Grades Schedule Syllabus 21% 12 44 20 8 69 60 9 15 13 45% 16 42 25 10 13 22 14 12 24 28% 4% 43 12 5 2 46 5 37 17 5 2 11 2 39 19 25 18 21 16 2% 17 4 3 27 2 2 18 29 25 0% 0 3 1 1 9 3 1 1 1 Recording Lectures Q20a. Do you record your lectures and make them available for students to access outside of class? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3% Yes Q20b. If the technology were readily available for lecture recording, would you use it? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32% Yes Of those who recorded lectures (n=5): How much has making recorded lectures available to students decreased or increased class attendance? . . . . . . . no impact 80%, decrease 20% How much has making recorded lectures available to students decreased or increased student learning? (1‐7 scale) 1 Significantly decreased 20% 2 20% ‐‐‐‐‐ 6 40% 7 Significantly increased 20% Q21. How much do you use each of the following technologies to communicate with students outside of class? About Several Almost Don’t know once a times a every Every how to Never week week day day use it Email Telephone Text messaging Instant message – Google chat Learning suite‐ discussion Other discussion boards Electronic drop box Facebook Twitter Video chat (Skype) 1% 52 85 92 85 94 74 95 96 94 27% 34 11 5 10 2 15 3 1 4 22% 10 2 1 2 1 6 1 1 0 18% 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 32% 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0% 0 1 2 3 2 3 1 2 2 Training Preferences Q22. As the university considers the need for technology training, how would you prefer to receive that training? one‐on‐one training Classroom workshops Video tutorials On‐line help page Training on the phone 23% 19 31 24 3 Q22. As the university considers the need for technology training, how would you prefer to receive that training? 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Training on the phone Online help page Video tutorials Classroom workshops One‐on‐one training Committee Issue # 7 FHSS Faculty Attitudes about Technology in the Classroom Q23. Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with each of the following statements regarding the use of computer technology in the class room. Three scales measured: Impacts on student learning (8 questions) Impacts on professor teaching effectiveness (4 questions) Negative outcomes for professor (7 questions) Eight‐ item Additive Scale ‐ Average score Q23. Use of Technology in Classroom Improves Student Learning 1= strongly disagree 7 = strongly agree Use of technology in the classroom ….. Increases academic achievement (e.g. grades) Promotes student collaboration Improves student satisfaction with the learning process Helps accommodate students' personal learning styles Motivates students to be more involved in learning activities Improves student learning of critical concepts and ideas Provides students better access to me Provides students better access to my course materials Faculty Attitudes About Technology Q23. Use of Technology in Classroom Improves Student Learning Social Work 5.1 Family Life 4.7 Geography 4.7 Sociology 4.6 Psychology 4.6 Political Science 4 History 3.9 Economics 3.8 Anthropology 3.8 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree Qx. Use of Technology in Classroom Improves Student Learning (1=strongly disagree 7=strongly agree) Class size 1‐24* 25‐49 50‐99 100+ 3.8 4.6 3.9 4.4 * Small classes generally graduate or upper division classes Four‐ item Additive Scale ‐ Average score Q23. Use of Technology in Classroom Improves Professor Effectiveness 1= strongly disagree 7 = strongly agree Use of technology in the classroom ….. Gives teachers the opportunity to be learning facilitators instead of information providers. Eases the pressure on me as a teacher. Improves my satisfaction with the teaching process. Helps me teach more effectively. Faculty Attitudes About Technology Q23. Use of Technology in Classroom Improves Professor Effectiveness Social Work 4.8 Family Life 4.4 Psychology 4.4 Geography 4.4 Sociology 4.1 Political Science 3.6 Anthropology 3.5 History 3.4 Economics 3.4 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree Seven ‐ item Additive Scale ‐ Average score Q23. Use of Technology in Classroom Increases Negative Outcomes for Professors 1= strongly disagree 7 = strongly agree Use of technology in the classroom ….. Results in students neglecting important traditional learning resources (e.g. library books). Makes classroom management more difficult. Is too costly in terms of time and effort. Demands that too much time be spent on technical problems. Requires software‐skills training that is too time consuming. Requires extra time to plan learning activities. Diminishes my role in a student's education. Faculty Attitudes About Technology Q23. Use of Technology in Classroom Increases Negative Outcomes for Professors (perceives increase in negative outcomes) History 5.1 Political Science 4.8 Geography 4.8 Anthropology 4.7 Sociology 4.5 Psychology 4.4 Economics 4.2 Social Work 3.9 Family Life 3.9 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree Q23. Use of Technology in Classroom Increases Negative Outcomes for Professors (1=strongly disagree 7=strongly agree) Age 20‐39 40‐49 50‐59 60+ Rank 4.0 5.1 4.8 4.5 Assistant Associate Full 4.1 4.8 4.6 Committee Issue # 7 FHSS Faculty Attitudes about Technology in the Classroom Perceived Barriers to Technology Use in the Classroom Q24. How much of a barrier has each of the following factors been to your use of educational technology in conjunction with your teaching? First group of potential barriers 1 Lack of time required to learn about technology. 2 Lack of time to incorporate technology into lectures. 3 Network/Internet connection problems while on campus. 4 Network/Internet connection problems while off campus. 5 Lack of current hardware and/or software. 6 No on‐site technical support for hardware/software. 7 Lack of technology support in classrooms or labs. 8 Lack of access to technology‐enhanced classrooms or labs. 9 Inadequate technical support for your students. 10 Inadequate technical support for you. 11 Copyright/intellectual property issues. Second group of potential barriers 1 Lack of money to fund educational technology development. 2 Lack of necessary technical skills. 3 Lack of teaching skills specific to the technology‐enhanced environment. 4 Lack of models/examples of effective uses of technology. 5 Lack of formal recognition (e.g. in promotion and CFS decisions) for educational technology use. 6 Doubts about technology's usefulness in teaching your courses. 7 Uncertainty about how to get started. 8 Disciplinary content unsuited to delivery via technology. 9 Difficulty keeping up with changes in technology. 10 Worry about technology failures during class time. Q24. Perceived Barriers to Technology Use 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1 Not Barrier 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extreme Barrier Q24. Perceived Barriers to Technology Use 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1 Not Barrier 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extreme Barrier Committee Issue # 7 FHSS Faculty Attitudes about Technology in the Classroom Faculty Interest in and Attitudes About New Classroom Technology Q25. Suppose you had a block of time set aside in which to learn about educational technology. How much interest do you have in learning more about each of the following topics? 1 Pedagogy of technology‐enhanced learning. 2 Information design (how to organize and present information). 3 Effective ways of teaching in technology‐enhanced classrooms. 4 Copyright/intellectual property issues. 5 Colleagues' uses of educational technology. 6 Funding opportunities for educational technology projects. 7 HTML/web page authoring (e.g. FrontPage, Dreamweaver). 8 Online communication tools (e.g. chat tools, IM, bulletin boards). 9 Online collaboration tools (e.g. wikis). 10 Online journaling tools (e.g. blogs). 1 Electronic presentations (e.g. PowerPoint). 2 Image editing software (e.g. Photoshop, Fireworks). 3 Digital video or audio editing software (e.g. iMovie, GarageBand, Adobe Premier, Audacity). 4 Class capture technology (recordings of audio and/or visual course material, posted online for pre or post class review). 5 Screencast (creation of short video tutorial capturing movements on the screen, typically enhanced with audio). 6 Animation/modeling software (e.g. Flash). 7 Course management tools (e.g. Learning Suite, Moodle, iSeal). 8 Web conferencing software. 9 Social networking sites (e.g. Facebook, Myspace, Bebo, blogs, wikis). Q25. Interest in Learning About …. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 0 Not Familiar 1 No Interest2 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extreme Interest Q25. Interest in Learning About …. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 0 Not Familiar 1 No Interest2 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extreme Interest General Attitudes Regarding Use of Technology at BYU Q26. How much do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements? 1 Compared to other faculty, I am a proficient technology user. 2 If the university provided more convenient training, I would be more inclined to use technology in my teaching. 3 The use of technology for teaching should be expanded in my department/program. 4 Student expectations are motivating me to learn more about the use of technology in my teaching. 5 It is important to integrate online learning with traditional teaching methods. 6 I would like to see more wireless capabilities on campus. 7 I would like to see more active use of interactive video conferencing. 8 I prefer teaching courses that use limited or no technology. Q26. How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements … 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1 Strongly disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly agree 1. Compared to other faculty, I am a proficient technology user Age 20‐39 40‐49 50‐59 60+ 5.1 4.4 3.8 3.7 Rank Assistant 5.0 Associate 4.2 Full 3.7 2. If the university provided more convenient training, I would be more inclined to use technology in my teaching. Family Life 4.4 Sociology 4.3 Psychology 4.1 Anthropology 4.1 Social Work 4 Political Science 4 Geography 3.8 History 3.2 Economics 3.1 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree 3. The use of technology for teaching should be expanded in my department/program Social Work 4.5 Anthropology 4.4 Sociology 4.3 Family Life 4.1 Psychology 4.1 Political Science 3.4 Geography 3.1 History 2.8 Economics 2.7 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree 6. I would like to see more wireless capabilities on campus Social Work 5.8 Anthropology 5.3 Family Life 5 Sociology 4.8 Psychology 4.8 Economics 4.7 Political Science 4.4 Geography 3.9 History 3.8 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 Age 20‐39 40‐49 50‐59 60+ 5 6 5.1 4.4 3.8 3.7 7 Strongly Agree 7. I would like to see more active use of interactive video conferencing Social Work 5.2 Sociology 4.1 Anthropology 3.9 Family Life 3.6 Psychology 3.3 Geography 2.9 Political Science 2.7 Economics Rank Assistant 3.2 Associate 2.6 Full 3.5 2.3 History 2.2 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree 8. I prefer teaching courses that use limited or no technology History 3.7 Economics 3.6 Political Science 3.4 Sociology 3.3 Anthropology 3.3 Family Life 2.7 Geography 2.6 Psychology 2.2 Social Work 2 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree Technology Use and Disruption of Class Q32. When doing the following, how disruptive is the delay to your class lectures? 100% 90% 80% 70% 7 Very Disruptive 60% 6 5 50% 4 40% 3 30% 2 20% 1 Not disruptive 10% 0% Logging into the computer Rebooting the computer connecting laptop to multi‐media cabinet Technology Use and Disruption of Class Q33. Some students use technology for class related purposes (note‐taking, etc.) while others do not (games, texting, Facebook). How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements about student in‐class technology use that is not class related. … (1=strongly disagree 7=strongly agree) 1 Students are paying for their education, so it is up to them whether they want to pay attention or not. 2. When a student uses technology in class for non‐class related purposes, it negatively affects his or her ability to learn. 3. When a student uses technology in class for non‐class related purposes, it negatively affects his or her classmates' ability to learn. 4 It is disrespectful to the instructor to use technology in class for non‐class related purposes. 5. It is the responsibility of the instructors to make class interesting enough that students are not tempted to use technology for non‐class related purposes. 6. Instructors should implement strict classroom policies to forbid the use of technology for non‐class related purposes. Q33. Some students use technology for class related purposes (note‐taking, etc.) while others do not (games, texting, Facebook). How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements about student in‐class technology use that is not class related. … 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% They pay ‐ student decision negatively affects his/her learning 1 Strongly disagree negatively affects classmates' learning 2 3 disrespectful to teacher's fault ‐ establish rules teacher more to forbid non‐ interesting class use 4 5 6 7 Strongly agree Q3. When a student uses technology in class for non‐class related purposes, it negatively affects his or her classmates' ability to learn History 6.4 Social Work 6 Political Science 6 Sociology 5.9 Psychology 5.8 Geography 5.8 Economics 5.5 Family Life 5.2 Anthropology 4.9 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 Age 20‐39 5.5 40‐49 6.2 50‐59 5.9 60+ 5.6 6 7 Strongly Agree Qx. It is the responsibility of the instructors to make class interesting enough that students are not tempted to use technology for non‐class related purposes Political Science 4.7 Economics 4.2 History 3.6 Geography 3.4 Sociology 3.2 Psychology 3.1 Social Work 3 Family Life 3 Anthropology 3 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Agree Other FHSS Specific Questions Q27. Do you have access to the computing hardware and software that you need …. Yes In your office? 90% In your classrooms? 80% Q28. Overall, how satisfied are you with …. 100% 90% 80% 70% 7 Very Satisfied 60% 6 50% 5 40% 4 3 30% 2 20% 1 Very Dissatisfied 10% 0% FHSS computer services Quality of services How services meet needs Response time FHSS Teaching & Learning Services Have not used 30%
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