Three Main Groups
Metals
0 Location: left and middle of the table.
0 Cesium is the MOST metallic
0 Properties
0 malleable (hammered)
0 luster (shiny)
0 ductile (form wires)
0 conduct heat and electricity
0 Most are solids, Hg liquid at room
temp.
Nonmetals
0 Location: right of the table
0 Properties (opposite of metals)
0 Brittle (not malleable or ductile)
0 Not shiny
0 Low melting point (most are gases at
room temp)
0 All states at room temp.
Metalloids
0 “Touch staircase”
0 Except aluminum
0 Properties
0 properties between metals and
nonmetals
0 semiconductors of electricity
0 Solid at room temp
Groups/Families
0 Alkali - Group 1
0 Valence = 1
0 MOST reactive of all
metal groups
0 Soft, Shiny & Silver
0 React with violently
water to form
hydrogen gas
0 Alkali Earth - Group
2
0 Valence = 2
0 Silvery white, shiny
0 Very reactive metals
Groups/Families
0 Halogens - Group 17
(and Hydrogen!)
0 Noble Gases - Group
18
0 Valence = 7
0 Valence = 8
0 Very reactive non-
0 Full Octet = Non-
metals
0 Diatomic (except
Astatine)
0 Name means “salt
former”
reactive or Inert
Groups/Families
0 Transition Elements
0 Location: center of the table.
0 All are metals, these form pretty colored
compounds and alloys
(Left to right, solutions of: cobalt(II) nitrate, potassium dichromate, potassium
chromate, nickel(II) chloride, copper(II) sulfate, potassium permanganate)