Unit 10 and 11 Practice Test C for extra credit due with VQ or for practice Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. The belief that some distressing physical symptoms could not be readily explained in terms of neurological impairments contributed most directly to a. Gordon Allport's interest in personality traits. b. Sigmund Freud's interest in unconscious conflicts. c. Abraham Maslow's interest in self-actualization. d. Albert Bandura's interest in personal control. e. Carl Rogers' interest in unconditional positive regard. ____ 2. Freud emphasized that effective treatment of psychological disorders involves the a. fixation of repressed sexual desires. b. projection of repressed fears. c. exploration of repressed memories. d. displacement of repressed hostilities. e. rationalization of repressed sublimations. ____ 3. Which of the following techniques did Freud use to discover the latent content of his patients' dreams? a. fixation b. factor analysis c. projective testing d. free association e. the Barnum effect ____ 4. The pleasure principle is to the ________ as the reality principle is to the ________. a. oral stage; anal stage b. id; superego c. id; ego d. Oedipus complex; Electra complex e. conscious; unconscious ____ 5. According to Freud, the part of personality that represents our sense of right and wrong and our ideal standards is the a. Oedipus complex. b. ego. c. id. d. superego. e. collective unconscious. ____ 6. Saeb is a high school senior. He impulsively and carelessly spends all his time and money on his girlfriend and his car. Freud would have suggested that Saeb shows signs of a(n) a. strong ego. b. inferiority complex. c. weak id. d. Electra complex. e. weak superego. ____ 7. Freud suggested that pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones as we progress through various a. defense mechanisms. b. psychosexual stages. c. free associations. d. identifications. e. reaction formations. ____ 8. One-year-old Melissa derives great pleasure from putting everything she touches in her mouth— toys, balls, Mom's keys, for example. Freud would have suggested that Melissa is going through the ________ stage of development. a. phallic b. anal c. genital d. latency e. oral ____ 9. Ingrid is a married woman who pursues sexual gratification by means of kissing rather than through sexual intercourse. According to Freud, this illustrates a(n) a. Oedipus complex. b. self-serving bias. c. fixation. d. projection. e. rationalization. ____ 10. Byron is always looking to others for advice, approval, and affection. According to the psychoanalytic perspective, Byron is most likely fixated at the ________ stage. a. phallic b. anal c. latency d. genital e. oral ____ 11. One night after he heard his parents arguing, 4-year-old Wei had a vivid dream in which he saved his mother from being bitten by a large snake. A psychoanalyst would most likely suspect that Wei's dream reflects a(n) a. oral fixation. b. reaction formation. c. self-serving bias. d. Oedipus complex. e. external locus of control. ____ 12. According to Freud, defense mechanisms are used by the a. id to defend against the accusations and guilt feelings produced by the superego. b. ego to prevent threatening impulses from being consciously recognized. c. superego to prevent expression of sexual and aggressive drives. d. id, ego, and superego in a repetitive sequence of internal conflicts. e. unconscious to avoid the self-serving bias. ____ 13. Children who release unexpressed anger toward their parents by kicking the family pet illustrate the defense mechanism of a. projection. b. displacement. c. regression. d. reaction formation. e. sublimation. ____ 14. A religious leader who attempts to overcome his hidden doubts with intense expressions of spiritual certainty illustrates most clearly the defense mechanism of a. reaction formation. b. projection. c. regression. d. displacement. e. fixation. ____ 15. After an argument with your girlfriend, you go to the gym and lift weights to burn off your pent-up energy. Your action best illustrates which defense mechanism? a. displacement. b. projection. c. reaction formation. d. rationalization. e. sublimation. ____ 16. Celine recently had a vivid dream that was strikingly similar to an ancient but unfamiliar religious myth. This coincidence would have been of particular interest to a. Alfred Adler. b. Carl Rogers. c. Gordon Allport. d. Carl Jung. e. Karen Horney. ____ 17. A psychodynamic psychologist would find objective tests, such as true-false questionnaires, inadequate as assessment tools because these tests a. are generally unreliable. b. are based on intuition. c. are not empirically derived. d. reveal only conscious motivations. e. are typically invalid. ____ 18. Henry Murray found that children's perceptions of photographs were biased by their previous participation in a frightening game. Their perceptual reactions most clearly highlighted the potential value of a. projective tests. b. c. d. e. free association. unconditional positive regard. reciprocal determinism. an internal locus of control. ____ 19. Rona was asked by her psychotherapist to describe what she saw in 10 ambiguous inkblots. Rona was most likely responding to a(n) ________ test. a. projective b. Thematic Apperception c. multiphasic personality d. aptitude e. empirically derived ____ 20. The major reason for criticism of the Rorschach test is that a. no computer-aided tool has been designed to facilitate scoring of the test. b. only a few of the many Rorschach-derived scores have demonstrated validity. c. the test discourages individuals from communicating openly in clinical interviews. d. the test can be used effectively only with individuals who are severely maladjusted. e. only a few people have the intellectual and creative ability to truly take the test. ____ 21. Twelve-year-old Cawley demonstrates a strongly masculine sense of self-identity even though he was raised without a father or father substitute. This fact represents the most serious threat to ________ theory of personality. a. Abraham Maslow's b. Sigmund Freud's c. Albert Bandura's d. Carl Rogers' e. Gordon Allport's ____ 22. Which of the following Freudian ideas is most clearly contradicted by contemporary psychological theory and research? a. Conscious awareness of what goes on in our minds is very limited. b. Painful experiences are commonly repressed. c. Memories are often distorted and incomplete. d. Individuals seek to defend themselves against anxiety. e. Sexual impulses are involved in personality development. ____ 23. Freud emphasized that emotional healing is associated with the a. fixation of repressed sexual desires. b. projection of repressed fears. c. recovery of repressed wishes. d. displacement of repressed hostilities. e. sublimation of impulses in the id. ____ 24. Survivors' vivid memories of Nazi death camp experiences most clearly challenge Freud's concept of a. fixation. b. repression. c. the Oedipus complex. d. motivational conflict. e. projection. ____ 25. Which of the following theories has been criticized for proposing that development is fixed in childhood? a. psychoanalytic b. humanistic c. social-cognitive d. behavior e. trait ____ 26. Which of the following Freudian ideas is most consistent with contemporary psychological research findings? a. The conscience is largely formed in the process of resolving the Oedipus complex. b. People generally protect themselves by projecting their own undesirable traits onto others. c. Most memory loss results from unconsciously motivated repression. d. Conscious awareness of what goes on in our own minds is very limited. e. Children mature through distinct psychosexual stages. ____ 27. Research participants came to anticipate the movements of a character on a computer screen even though they were unable to identify the rule governing its movements. This best illustrates a. unconscious implicit learning. b. the “spotlight” effect. c. projection. d. repression. e. reciprocal determinism. ____ 28. Implicit learning and implicit memories best illustrate the importance of a. defense mechanisms. b. reciprocal determinism. c. the Barnum effect. d. unconscious thought. e. internal locus of control. ____ 29. Compared with Freud, contemporary research psychologists are LESS likely to think of unconscious mental dynamics as involving a. parallel processing. b. repressive censoring. c. implicit memory. d. right hemisphere activity. e. cerebral cortex activation. ____ 30. Freud's concept of projection is most similar to what today's researchers call the a. spotlight effect. b. false consensus effect. c. inferiority complex. d. Barnum effect. e. reaction formation. ____ 31. Self-actualized people, as described by Maslow, are LEAST likely to be highly a. compassionate. b. religious. c. conforming. d. self-accepting. e. satisfied. ____ 32. Which theorist emphasized that an individual's personal growth is promoted by interactions with others who are genuine, accepting, and empathic? a. Gordon Allport b. Carl Jung c. Carl Rogers d. Sigmund Freud e. Albert Bandura ____ 33. Maslow's description of self-actualized individuals was said to reflect his own personal values because he a. selectively studied people with qualities he admired. b. interpreted their flattering self-descriptions as a self-serving bias. c. overemphasized the value of their loyalty to cultural norms. d. used projective tests to assess their motives. e. relied on empirical tests. ____ 34. Which theorists have been criticized for underestimating the human predisposition to engage in destructive and evil behaviors? a. trait theorists b. humanistic theorists c. psychoanalytic theorists d. social-cognitive theorists e. terror-management theorists ____ 35. Humanistic theorists have been criticized for a. overestimating the impact of childhood experiences on adult personality. b. underestimating the inconsistency of behavior from one situation to another. c. overestimating the degree of similarity among people. d. underestimating the inherent human capacity for destructive and evil behaviors. e. overestimating the value of empirical tests. ____ 36. Sigmund Freud is to the psychoanalytic perspective as Gordon Allport is to the ________ perspective. a. behavioral b. humanistic c. trait d. social-cognitive e. self-concept ____ 37. A consistent tendency to be shy is best described as a(n) a. trait. b. projection. c. Oedipus complex. d. false consensus effect. e. defense mechanism. ____ 38. Sigmund Freud explained personality in terms of unconscious motivations, whereas ________ described personality in terms of enduring traits. a. Gordon Allport b. Carl Rogers c. Albert Bandura d. Hermann Rorschach e. Karen Horney ____ 39. A frontal lobe area involved in ________ is ________ active in extraverts than in introverts. a. restraining behavior; less b. addictive cravings; more c. empathy; less d. aggression; more e. attraction; less ____ 40. Trait theorists would be most likely to highlight the impact of our biologically inherited ________ on personality. a. erogenous zones b. locus of control c. attributional style d. temperament e. self-concept ____ 41. People respond to stress with greater anxiety if they have a. a weak superego. b. an internal locus of control. c. unconditional positive regard. d. a reactive autonomic nervous system. e. a reaction formation. ____ 42. Personality inventories are designed to assess several ________ at once. a. possible selves b. defense mechanisms c. attributional styles d. traits e. self-concepts ____ 43. The MMPI is an example of a(n) a. projective test. b. personality inventory. c. inkblot test. d. self-esteem test. e. humanistic test. ____ 44. A person who is helpful and trusting most clearly ranks high on the Big Five trait dimension known as a. b. c. d. e. emotional stability. extraversion. openness. agreeableness. conscientiousness. ____ 45. Being highly imaginative is most closely related to the Big Five trait dimension of a. extraversion. b. openness. c. neuroticism. d. conscientiousness. e. agreeableness. ____ 46. People who score high on the Big Five trait dimension known as ________ are also more likely to be morning types (“larks”) rather than evening types (“owls”). a. openness b. neuroticism c. extraversion d. conscientiousness e. rationalization. ____ 47. Evidence that our traits persist over time and across different settings is of greatest relevance to a. positive psychology. b. self-transcendence. c. unconditional positive regard. d. the person-situation controversy. e. the social-cognitive perspective. ____ 48. Which perspective most clearly emphasizes the interactive influences of traits and situations on human behavior? a. trait perspective b. psychoanalytic perspective c. social-cognitive perspective d. humanistic perspective e. functionalist perspective ____ 49. Omar Halasa perceives shy, inhibited styles of behavior to be the interactive outcome of cultural expectations, autonomic nervous system reactivity, and unconscious thought processes. Omar's views best illustrate a(n) ________ approach. a. trait b. evolutionary c. biopsychosocial d. humanistic e. positive psychology ____ 50. Personality is fruitfully studied at multiple levels of analysis because people are best understood as a. unconscious information processors. b. biopsychosocial organisms. c. demonstrating self-serving bias. d. possessing enduring traits. e. interactions between the id, ego, and superego. ____ 51. In the long run, people who practice self-regulation through physical exercise and time-managed programs experience an increase in a. unconditional positive regard. b. self-transcendence. c. the spotlight effect. d. self-control. e. reaction formation. ____ 52. Compared with those who made a purchase choice from among 30 different brands of jam or chocolate, those who chose from among just 6 brands expressed a. less self-esteem. b. more satisfaction with their choice. c. less unconditional positive regard. d. more learned helplessness. e. less tolerance of the store prices. ____ 53. The body's disease-fighting immune system is most likely to be dampened by a. an internal locus of control. b. the false consensus effect. c. self-serving bias. d. a pessimistic attributional style. e. an optimistic attributional style. ____ 54. Unrealistic optimism could best be described as a(n) a. self-serving bias. b. reaction formation. c. fixation. d. self-reference phenomenon. e. external locus of control. ____ 55. Which new movement has criticized psychology for placing too much emphasis on the negative aspects of human behavior? a. humanism b. neo-Freudian c. positive psychology d. the biopsychosocial perspective e. collectivism ____ 56. Martin Seligman advocates a positive psychology, which focuses on topics such as a. positive emotions, positive character traits, and enabling institutions. b. c. d. e. optimism, projection, and fixation. the Barnum effect, the pessimism effect, and the collective unconscious. external locus of control, internal locus of control, and self-transcendence. free association, psychoanalysis, and the unconscious. ____ 57. According to the social-cognitive perspective, one of the best ways to predict a person's future behavior is to a. identify that person's most central traits by having him or her take a personality inventory. b. observe that person's behavior in various relevant situations. c. assess that person's general level of self-esteem. d. uncover that person's hidden motives, as revealed by projective tests. e. measure that person's unconscious conflicts and use of defense mechanisms. ____ 58. In assessing candidates for spy missions during World War II, U.S. Army psychologists subjected them to simulated undercover conditions. This best illustrates the use of an assessment strategy favored by the ________ perspective. a. trait b. psychoanalytic c. social-cognitive d. humanistic e. developmental ____ 59. The social-cognitive perspective is LEAST likely to be criticized for neglecting the importance of a. environmental influences. b. unconscious motives. c. personality traits. d. genetic influences. e. the collective unconscious. ____ 60. Which of the following research methods is most likely to be used by psychoanalytic psychologists? a. case study b. experimentation c. survey d. personality inventories e. correlation ____ 61. Jacinda failed her last history midterm. Which of the following conclusions would be most representative of a self-serving bias on Jacinda's part? a. “I really didn't prepare well enough for that test.” b. “I wasn't concentrating as hard as I should have during the test.” c. “I lack ability in history.” d. “I think the test questions were ambiguous and confusing.” e. “I'm not really a linear thinker, and that hurt me on the test.” ____ 62. Self-confidence that is easily punctured by criticism is most indicative of a. an external locus of control. b. the false consensus effect. c. defensive self-esteem. d. the Barnum effect. e. unconditional positive regard. ____ 63. Collectivism is most likely to be emphasized in a. the United States. b. China. c. Europe. d. Australia. e. Canada. ____ 64. Compared with those in cultures that value individualism, people in collectivist cultures are especially likely to value personal a. modesty. b. privacy. c. freedom. d. achievements. e. autonomy. ____ 65. When Mr. Thompson lived overseas for a year, he was very surprised at how much respect he received from people simply because he was an elderly person. His sense of surprise suggests that he had not previously lived in a culture characterized by a. social diversity. b. collectivism. c. heritability. d. individualism. e. self-actualization. ____ 66. Rachel is driven to attain her personal goal of being the top student in her AP psychology class. Rachel was most likely brought up in a ___________ culture. a. collectivist b. empathic c. individualistic d. diverse e. positive ____ 67. Experts would most likely agree that intelligence is a. an inborn ability to perform well on standard intelligence tests. b. a mental ability to learn from experience. c. a general trait that underlies success on nearly any task. d. a multiple array of completely independent adaptive traits. e. the unconscious processing that occurs as the first step in problem solving. ____ 68. The Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC tests are all types of a. personality tests. b. factor analysis tests. c. achievement tests. d. multiple intelligence tests. e. general intelligence tests. ____ 69. Those who emphasize the importance of the g factor would be most likely to encourage a. discontinuing special programs for intellectually advantaged children. b. deriving adult intelligence test scores from the ratio of mental age to chronological age. c. using a small standardization sample in the process of intelligence test construction. d. quantifying intelligence with a single numerical score. e. studying autistic savants in order to research alternative forms of intelligence. ____ 70. The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is a. a diverse set of distinct abilities. b. largely unpredictable and unmeasurable. c. a culturally constructed concept. d. dependent upon the speed of cognitive processing. e. accurately measured by the general intelligence factor g. ____ 71. Psychological tests show that 18-year-old Isaiah has an intelligence score of 65. Nevertheless, Isaiah can, with a few seconds of mental calculation, accurately tell the day of the week on which Christmas falls for any year in this century. It would be fair to conclude that a. the intelligence test Isaiah was given has no validity. b. intelligence tests are generally good measures of verbal but not of mathematical intelligence. c. Isaiah is a person with savant syndrome. d. Isaiah excels in inductive reasoning. e. the intelligence test Isaiah was given has no reliability. ____ 72. Who is most likely to be criticized for extending the definition of intelligence to an overly broad range of talents? a. Howard Gardner b. Lewis Terman c. Charles Spearman d. Alfred Binet e. B. F. Skinner ____ 73. Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical, practical, and ________ intelligence. a. intrapersonal b. creative c. spatial d. musical e. physical ____ 74. When Andy becomes upset about getting a poor grade, he typically fails to realize that he feels scared. This lack of self-insight best illustrates an inadequate level of a. the g factor. b. analytical intelligence. c. factor analysis. d. emotional intelligence. e. predictive validity. ____ 75. The ability to deal effectively with social conflict is not likely to be reflected in one's performance on the WAIS. This best illustrates that intelligence is a. impossible to measure with any reliability. b. unrelated to the speed of cognitive processing. c. a collection of distinctly different abilities. d. a joint function of nature and nurture. e. affected by stereotype threat. ____ 76. In very stressful or embarrassing situations, Sanura is able to maintain her poise and help others to feel comfortable. Sanura's ability best illustrates the value of a. extrinsic motivation. b. heritability. c. divergent thinking. d. savant syndrome. e. emotional intelligence. ____ 77. MRI scans reveal correlations of about ________ between people's brain size (adjusted for body size) and their intelligence scores. a. –.05 b. +.15 c. +.33 d. +.67 e. –.45 ____ 78. The French government commissioned Binet to develop an intelligence test that would a. demonstrate the innate intellectual superiority of western European races. b. effectively distinguish between practical and creative intelligence. c. provide an objective measure of teaching effectiveness in the public school system. d. reduce the need to rely on teachers' subjectively biased judgments of students' learning potential. e. use achievement test scores to accurately predict aptitude. ____ 79. To assess mental age, Binet and Simon measured children's a. head size. b. reasoning skills. c. muscular power. d. neural processing speed. e. creative abilities. ____ 80. The eugenics movement would have been most likely to encourage a. selective breeding of highly intelligent people. b. creation of special education programs for intellectually inferior children. c. construction of culturally and racially unbiased tests of intelligence. d. use of factor analysis for identification of various types of intelligence. e. identification of lower IQ students in order to target more specific tutoring help. ____ 81. A survey of the history of intelligence testing reinforces the important lesson that a. although science strives for objectivity, scientists can be influenced by their personal biases. b. the experiment is the most powerful tool available for examining cause-effect relationships. c. different theoretical perspectives on behavior may be complementary rather than competing. d. scientists are more concerned with the development of theory than with its practical application. e. some theories are untestable but may still be scientifically valid. ____ 82. Tests designed to predict ability to learn new skills are called a. achievement tests. b. interest inventories. c. factor analytic measures. d. standardized assessments. e. aptitude tests. ____ 83. The test that provides separate verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, and processing speed scores, as well as an overall intelligence score, is the a. WAIS. b. Stanford-Binet. c. SAT. d. Emotional Intelligence Test. e. MMPI. ____ 84. Object assembly, picture arrangement, and block design are three performance subtests of the a. WAIS. b. SAT. c. Stanford-Binet. d. GRE. e. TAT. ____ 85. Twenty-two-year-old Bernie takes a test that measures such diverse abilities as digit span, vocabulary, and object assembly. Bernie has completed the a. WAIS. b. SAT. c. Stanford-Binet. d. GRE. e. WISC. ____ 86. When a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative and pretested sample of people, the test is said to be a. reliable. b. standardized. c. valid. d. normally distributed. e. internally consistent. ____ 87. About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 70 and 130. a. 10 b. 30 c. 60 d. 70 e. 95 ____ 88. If a test yields consistent results every time it is used, it has a high degree of a. standardization. b. predictive validity. c. reliability. d. content validity. e. heritability. ____ 89. Some studies indicate that a rough indicator of infants' later intelligence is their a. birth weight. b. readiness to sit up at an early age. c. readiness to crawl at an early age. d. preference for looking at a new rather than an old picture. e. skull size at birth. ____ 90. The high positive correlations between scores received on comparable sections of the SAT and GRE provide evidence for the ________ of these test scores. a. reliability b. heritability c. standardization d. normal distribution e. validity ____ 91. The stability of children's intelligence test scores over time is most positively correlated with their a. chronological age. b. mental age. c. reliability score. d. validity score. e. intelligence quotient. ____ 92. The Wilsons note that their 6-month-old daughter Beth seems to be developing more slowly and is not as playful as other infants her age. Research suggests that a. Beth's intelligence score will be below average in childhood but not necessarily in adulthood. b. Beth's intelligence score will be below average in both childhood and adulthood. c. casual observation of Beth's behavior cannot be used to predict her later intelligence score. d. Beth's performance intelligence score but not necessarily her verbal intelligence score will be below average in both childhood and adulthood. e. observations of Beth's early behavior may be highly predictive of the later development of Down syndrome. ____ 93. Terman observed that children with IQ scores over 135 are likely to a. be athletically uncoordinated. b. be academically successful. c. have a high degree of practical intelligence. d. be socially isolated. e. have low emotional intelligence. ____ 94. “Gifted child” programs can lead to ______ by implicitly labeling some students as “ungifted” and isolating them from an enriched educational environment. a. standardization b. the Flynn effect c. factor analysis d. self-fulfilling prophecies e. savant syndrome ____ 95. With increasing age, adopted children's intelligence test scores become ________ correlated with their adoptive parents' scores and ________ correlated with their biological parent's scores. a. more positively; more negatively b. less positively; less positively c. more negatively; less positively d. less positively; more positively e. more positively; more positively ____ 96. Children in an Iranian orphanage suffered delayed intellectual development due to a. critical periods. b. telegraphic speech. c. a deprived environment. d. savant syndrome. e. Down syndrome. ____ 97. Exposure to high levels of male sex hormones during prenatal development is most likely to facilitate the subsequent development of a. the g factor. b. savant syndrome. c. spatial abilities. d. Down syndrome. e. emotional intelligence. ____ 98. When completing a verbal aptitude test, members of an ethnic minority group are particularly likely to perform below their true ability levels if they believe that the test a. is a measure of emotional intelligence as well as academic intelligence. b. assesses their interests as well as their abilities. c. is biased against members of their own ethnic group. d. results in a distribution of scores that forms a bell-shaped curve. e. is an achievement test rather than an aptitude test. ____ 99. Experts who defend intelligence tests against accusations of racial bias note that racial differences in intelligence test scores a. have increased in the past decade despite the introduction of less culturally biased b. c. d. e. test items. occur on nonverbal as well as verbal intelligence test subscales. are a clear indication that the heritability of intelligence approaches 100 percent. are just as significant as intelligence differences among members of a single race. are directly related to chromosomal differences discovered between races. ____ 100. Psychologists would be likely to agree that intelligence tests have a. greater predictive validity for males than for females. b. comparable predictive validity for Whites and Blacks. c. less predictive validity for poor students than for rich students. d. greater impact when used as achievement tests, not aptitude tests. e. practical impact on student achievement and self-concept. Unit 10 and 11 Practice Test C for extra credit due with VQ or for practice Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: B C D C D E B E C E D B B A E D D A A B B B C B A D A D B B C C A B D C A A A D D DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: Difficult Easy Easy Medium Easy Medium Easy Difficult Difficult Difficult Medium Medium Easy Difficult Medium Difficult Difficult Easy Easy Medium Difficult Medium Easy Easy Easy Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Easy Medium Easy Easy Medium Easy Medium Difficult Easy Medium REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: Page 480 | Section- Personality Page 480 | Section- Personality Page 480 | Section- Personality Page 481 | Section- Personality Page 482 | Section- Personality Page 482 | Section- Personality Page 482 | Section- Personality Page 482 | Section- Personality Page 483 | Section- Personality Page 483 | Section- Personality Page 482 | Section- Personality Page 483 | Section- Personality Page 483 | Section- Personality Page 483 | Section- Personality Page 483 | Section- Personality Page 485 | Section- Personality Page 485 | Section- Personality Page 486 | Section- Personality Page 486 | Section- Personality Page 486 | Section- Personality Page 487 | Section- Personality Page 487 | Section- Personality Page 487 | Section- Personality Page 487 | Section- Personality Page 487 | Section- Personality Page 488 | Section- Personality Page 488 | Section- Personality Page 488 | Section- Personality Page 488 | Section- Personality Page 488 | Section- Personality Page 491 | Section- Personality Page 491 | Section- Personality Page 493 | Section- Personality Page 493 | Section- Personality Page 493 | Section- Personality Page 494 | Section- Personality Page 494 | Section- Personality Page 494 | Section- Personality Page 495 | Section- Personality Page 495 | Section- Personality Page 495 | Section- Personality 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: D B D B D D C C B D B D A C A B C A A D C B A B C B E D A C A B D C E C D B A A E A A A B E C DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: Easy Easy Medium Medium Difficult Easy Easy Difficult Easy Easy Difficult Easy Difficult Easy Difficult Medium Easy Medium Easy Medium Medium Easy Medium Difficult Medium Medium Easy Difficult Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Easy Difficult Easy Medium Difficult Medium Easy Easy Medium Medium Easy Difficult Medium REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: Page 496 | Section- Personality Page 496 | Section- Personality Page 497 | Section- Personality Page 497 | Section- Personality Page 499 | Section- Personality Page 502 | Section- Personality Page 503 | Section- Personality Page 504 | Section- Personality Page 504 | Section- Personality Page 505 | Section- Personality Page 506 | Section- Personality Page 507 | Section- Personality Page 507 | Section- Personality Page 508 | Section- Personality Page 508 | Section- Personality Page 509 | Section- Personality Page 509 | Section- Personality Page 510 | Section- Personality Page 511 | Section- Personality Page 513 | Section- Personality Page 515 | Section- Personality Page 517 | Section- Personality Page 517 | Section- Personality Page 517 | Section- Personality Page 517 | Section- Personality Page 524 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 524 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 524 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 525 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 525 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 526 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 527 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 528 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 529 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 529 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 529 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 533 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 533 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 534 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 534 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 535 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 535 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 536 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 536 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 536 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 537 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 538 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: D A A C B D D C C C B B DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: Medium Medium Difficult Easy Medium Medium Difficult Easy Medium Medium Medium Medium REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: Page 540 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 540 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 540 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 540 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 543 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 543 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 545 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 547 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 550 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 555 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 555 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences Page 555 | Section- Testing and Individual Differences
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