++ DO NOT WRITE ON EXAM STUDY GUIDE++
STUDENTS MUST COPY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWER THIS WILL BE GRADED.
_____1. Which of the following will offer the most resistance to water flow?
A. a pipe with a large diameter
B. a pipe with several elbows
C. a pipe with no corrosion
D. a pipe that is straight
_____2. What is a safe way to prevent a child from being shocked by electricity at home?
A. Use a wood stove instead of an electric heater B. Place cloth covers over small appliances
C. Cover electrical outlets with plastic plugs
D. Use candles instead of electric lights
_____3. Which of the following shows an example of a chemical change?
_____4. Which of these make the loudest sound?
_____5. In order for a space shuttle to be launched from Earth into space, rocket forces must be
A. kept to zero during the launch
B. less than the gravitational force
C. equal to the gravitational force
D. greater than the gravitational force
_____6. The atomic theories of Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr all support which of the
following statements?
A. Atoms are mostly composed of empty space.
B. All matter is composed of tiny, discrete particles called atoms.
C. Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom at distinct energy levels.
D. Atoms are composes of positively and negatively charged particles.
_____7. A scale drawing of a car is shown to the right.
The numbers indicate the measurements of the
actual size of the car. In which of the following units
are the measurements most likely expressed?
A. kilometers
B. feet
C. inches
D. millimeters
_____8. Does the law of conservation of mass apply to the burning of wood?
A. No, because the mass of the ashes is less than that of the original wood.
B. Yes, because the mass of the products is equal to the mass of the reactants (wood and O2)
C. No, because the energy that is created while burning results in a loss of mass.
D. Yes, because the energy produced is also considered while balancing mass.
_____9. A car is moving at 25 m/s North. Which of the following best describes this information?
A. the speed of the car
B. the potential energy of the car
C. the velocity of the car
D. the distance traveled by the car
_____10. Which shows one example of a physical change and one example of a chemical change?
A. boiling water and melting wax
B. rusting iron and baking a cake
C. dissolving powder and shredding paper
D. freezing water and burning coal
_____11. The picture to the right shows a balloon filled with air. Ms. Crane
carefully pops the balloon with a pin. The students pick up the pieces of the
balloon and compare then.
Which of the following properties of the pieces should be most similar?
A. color
B. shape
C. size
D. weight
_____12. Which of the following do water (H2O), rust (Fe2O3), and salt (NaCl) have in common?
A. Water, rust, and salt are atoms.
B. Water, rust, and salt are mixtures.
C. Water, rust, and salt are elements.
D. Water, rust, and salt are compounds.
_____13. Which of these properties changes when the piece of
paper is cut as shown to the right?
A. its color
B. its total weight
C. its shape
D. its state of matter
_____14. Which of these is a form of matter?
A. air
B. heat
C. light
D. magnetism
_____15. Which of these is an SI unit of measure for the mass of an object?
A. meter
B. ounce
C. milliliter
D. kilogram
To locate objects in their environments, bats in flight and porpoises under water both use ultrasound
waves with frequencies that are beyond human hearing. These animals produce an ultrasonic wave
and then detect echoes from nearby objects.
_____16. If a porpoise and a bat both produce ultrasonic waves when they are 16 m from an object,
which animal would hear its echo first and why?
A. The bat would hear its echo first because sound travels faster in air than in water.
B. The porpoise would hear its echo first because sound travels faster in water than in air.
C. The bat would hear its echo first because the amplitude of sound waves is greater in air than in
water.
D. The porpoise would hear its echo first because the amplitude of sound waves is greater in water
than in air.
_____17. Which of the following statements best describes an electromagnetic wave with a long
wavelength?
A. It has a low frequency and can travel in a vacuum.
B. It has a high frequency and can travel in a vacuum.
C. It has a low frequency and can only travel in a medium.
D. It has a high frequency and can only travel in a medium.
_____18. A star suddenly explodes. Which of the following types of waves reach Earth’s surface?
A. light only
C. sound followed by light
B. sound only
D. light followed by sound
A student is sitting on the edge of a swimming pool. The student repeatedly dips his foot in and out of
the pool, making waves that move across the water. The student dips his foot slowly at first and then
does it faster, each time to the same depth.
_____19. Which of the following properties of the waves increases as the student dips his foot faster?
A. frequency
B. period
C. velocity
D. wavelength
The graphs below give information for waves W and X. Both waves were produced in the same
medium and are moving at the same speed.
_____20. Which of the following statements describes another property of theses waves?
A. Wave W has a larger period than wave X.
B. Wave W has a lower frequency than wave X.
C. Wave W has a greater amplitude than wave X.
D. Wave W has a shorter wavelength than wave X.
A student produces a series of waves, shown to the right.
_____21. Which change in wave properties increases
wave amplitude?
A. greater length
B. increased height
C. decreased frequency D. shortened wavelength
The diagram below shows a wave with four numbered parts.
_____22. Which numbered part of the diagram represents
the amplitude?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
_____23. Which of the following diagrams represents the refraction of waves?
A.
B.
C.
D.
_____24. A student rapidly rubs the palms of both hands together. Which sequence correctly
describes the energy transformations that occur?
A. mechanical to heat to chemical
B. heat to mechanical to chemical
C. chemical to mechanical to heat
D. mechanical to nuclear to heat
A teacher asks a group of students to use a ruler to measure
the amplitude of the wave shown below.
_____25. Between which of the following points should the
amplitude be measured?
A. points U and Z
B. points V and X
C. points W and Y
D. points X and Z
The picture below show four objects that a student placed outside in the sunlight.
_____26. Which object should absorb the greatest amount of light?
A. aluminum foil
B. black towel
C. clear glass
D. white paper
The illustration to the right shows a student bending a piece
of wire back and forth at a single point X. The wire’s
temperature rises noticeably at point X.
_____27. Which of the following best describes the source of the
temperature increase?
A. Some of the wire’s mass is transformed into heat energy as the wire is bent.
B. The bending transfers potential energy to the wire, heating it.
C. Some of the kinetic energy is transformed into heat as the wire is bent.
D. The bending causes a current that heats the wire.
_____28. A car, a train, a bicycle, and a skateboard are traveling at the same speed. Which object
has the greatest kinetic energy?
A. Car
B. Train
C. Bicycle
D. Skateboard
_____29. Which of the following transfers the most energy to sound?
A. A string vibrating
B. a raindrop falling
C. salt dissolving in water
D. electrons flowing through a wire
A student is investigating potential and kinetic energy by stretching
a spring across a table. When the student lets go, the spring recoils.
_____30. At which time is potential energy in the spring being
converted into kinetic energy in this system?
A. when the spring is stretching
B. when the spring is fully stretched
C. when the spring is recoiling
D. when the spring is fully recoiled
_____31. Which is the best description of how sound waves travel?
A. in a straight path to your ear
B. outward in all directions
C. back and forth from the source
D. upward from the source
_____32. Which measure identifies the pitch of a sound?
A. amplitude
B. wavelength
C. frequency
D. distance
_____33. Which type of circuit has only one path for the electric current?
A. parallel circuit
B. straight circuit
C. series circuit
D. continuous circuit
_____34. A two-story house is warmer on the second floor and cooler on the first floor due to the
principle of
A. contraction
B. conduction
C. radiation
D. convection
_____35. What kind of energy from the Sun can cause sunburn?
A. ultraviolet light B. infrared light
C. white light
D. all visible light
_____36. How does heat travel through solids?
A. conduction
B. radiation
C. convection
D. emission
_____37. As the amplitude of a sound wave increases, its _____.
A. pitch decreases
B. volume decreases
C. pitch increases
D. volume increases
_____38. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum has waves of the shortest wavelength?
A. X-rays
B. gamma rays
C. radio waves
D. microwaves
The pictures to the right show heat transfer.
_____39.Which picture correctly shows heat flowing
from one object to another?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
1. The graph below shows the wavelengths of the
colors of the spectrum.
_____40. Which color has the longest wavelength?
A. red
B. indigo
C. orange
D. violet
_____41. An echo is heard when sound waves are
A. changed by the Doppler Effect
B. moving through empty space
C. absorbed by a material
D. reflected from a surface
_____42. Insulation is used to
A. conduct thermal energy.
B. prevent heat flow.
C. measure thermal energy.
D. increase heat flow.
_____43. Which hypothesis would be the best to make about how heat
will be transferred when adding new fish to a fish tank if the water in the
tank is 20°C and the water in the bag is 27°C?
A. Heat will move from the bag of fish to the water in the tank.
B. Heat will move from the water in the tank to the bag of fish.
C. Heat will move both from the bag of fish and from the water in the tank.
D. Heat will not move from either the bag of fish or the water in the tank.
_____44. A lit fireplace at one end of a large room warms people
standing on the opposite end of the room by
A. conduction and convection
B. radiation and convection
C. radiation and thermal expansion
D. conduction and thermal expansion
_____45. Which is the weakest type of electromagnetic waves?
A. radio waves
B. x-rays
C. ultra-violet
D. gamma rays
_____46. The flow of charged particles moving through a circuit is a (n)
A. transistor
B. current
C. electric discharge
D. volt
_____47. Friction between a skateboard wheel and the surface produces
A. heat energy
B. kinetic energy
C. freezing
D. static
_____48. Which type of energy do all moving objects have?
A. chemical
B. potential
C. elastic
D. kinetic
_____49. Which is an example of potential energy?
A. a rock that is sitting at the bottom of a hill
B. a battery
C. a race car driving 200 mph on a track
D. rolling a bowling ball across the floor
_____50. Which is an example of mechanical energy?
A. the Sun
B. food
C. a moving car
D. a battery
_____51. The distance between wave crests or troughs in a transverse wave is
A. wavelength
B. amplitude
C. frequency
D. translucent
_____52. Matter that allows light to pass through with almost no disturbance is described as
A. opaque
B. translucent
C. transparent
D. concave
_____53. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can never be
A. created or destroyed
B. stored
C. conserved or recycled
D. used
_____54. The bending of a wave as it moves from one medium into another is called
A. refraction
B. reflection
C. electromagnetic radiation
D. compression
_____55. The transfer of energy by currents in a liquid or gas is called
A. convection
B. conduction
C. radiation
D. expansion
_____56. Which class of levers produces an output force that is less than the effort force, such as a
fishing pole?
A. first-class levers B. second-class levers
C. third-class levers
D. fourth-class levers
_____57. How can you change the amount of output force on a lever?
A. move the fulcrum
B. increase the resistance force
C. decrease the resistance force
D. add more weight
_____58. What do these simple machines have in common?
A. They all make it easier to do work.
B. They all make it harder to do work.
C. They all work without any friction.
D. They all have many parts.
_____59. A knife is an example of which simple machine?
A. wedge
B. ramp
C. pulley
D. resistance arm
_____60. The units for work done are Newton-meters (Nm), also called
A. watts
B. joules
C. force
D. velocity
_____61. The force multiplied by the distance that an object moves is measured as
A. work
B. output force
C. power
D. energy
_____62. Bottle openers, wheelbarrows, paper cutters, and fishing rods are all examples of
A. pulleys
B. wedges
C. inclined planes D. levers
_____63. The pivot point on a lever is a called the
A. center
B. resistance arm C. fulcrum
D. effort arm
_____64. The following is an example of
A. 1st class lever
B. 2nd class lever
rd
C. 3 class lever
D. 4th class lever
_____65. On a first class lever the three parts in order would be
A. fulcrum, effort arm, output force
B. effort arm, fulcrum, output force
C. effort arm, output force, fulcrum
D. fulcrum, output force, effort arm
_____66. Which would most likely threaten an ecosystem?
A. A child throws a soda can into a lake.
B. A factory dumps waste into a river.
C. Trees are planted to replace ones that were cut down.
D. The weather is slightly warmer one winter season
_____67. Fossil fuels are
A. nonrenewable resources
B. renewable resources
C. alternative resources
D. inexpensive resources
_____68. Electricity produced from flowing water is called
A. geothermal energy
B. hydroelectricity
C. thermal energy
D. nuclear energy
_____69. Which is not a source of alternative energy?
A. nuclear energy
B. wind energy
C. solar energy
D. fossil fuels
_____70. How are fossil fuels formed?
A. Heat and pressure turn animal and plant remains into fuels.
B. Scientists collect fossils and turn them into fuels.
C. On the surface of Earth, wind and rain turn fossils into fuels.
D. Fossils sink into swamps and take between five and ten years to turn into fuels.
_____71. Which is not a fossil fuel?
A. oil
B. natural gas
C. wood
D. coal
_____72. What is energy that is released from the breakup of atoms?
A. wind energy
B. nuclear energy
C. smog
D. biomass
_____73. What is considered a harmful change to the environment?
A. inexhaustible resources
B. conservation
C. recycle
D. pollution
_____74. How does recycling help the environment?
A. More fossil fuels are used.
B. Less garbage is produced.
C. Less waste ends up on roadsides.
D. It produces more thermal pollution.
_____75. To use something again is called
A. nuclear energy
B. reduce
C. recycle
D. reuse
_____76. Take reusable materials to a place that can make new things out of them is called
A. recycle
B. reuse
C. reduce
D. biomass
_____77. Which action can help lead to conservation?
A. factories dumping hot water in a stream
B. leaving lights on in an empty room
C. recycling an aluminum can
D. leaving a window open when the heat is on
_____78. Terry is studying how potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Which of the
devices below shows this transformation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Four forces are acting on a box, as shown below.
_____79. This box will increase in speed
A. downward and to the left
B. downward and to the right
C. upward and to the left
D. upward and to the right
_____80. What energy is stored in an object?
A. kinetic
B. nuclear
C. potential
D. transformation
_____81. What does the diagram help explain?
A. the strength of a bar magnet compared to a horseshoe magnet
B. the way magnets move in motors
C. the way an electromagnet works
D. the areas of strength in a magnetic field
_____82. An example of a compression wave is
A. a transverse wave
B. a gamma ray
C. a reflection
D. a sound wave
_____83. The height of a wave is called
A. wavelength
B. amplitude
C. rarefaction
D. compression
_____84. Where is the fulcrum on a wheelbarrow?
A. your elbows
B. the center of the wheel
C. the handles D. the bottom of the container
_____85. Which simple machine has the fulcrum in the middle?
A. first-class lever B. second-class lever
C. third-class lever D. fourth-class lever
_____86. In which of these situations is work done?
A. Brandon studies for a test.
B. Kelsey holds a book in her hands.
C. Brooke pushes against a locked door.
D. Madison throws a baseball 15 meters.
_____87. The efficiency of a machine is never exactly 100 percent because some energy is always
lost due to
A. potential energy
B. friction
C. static energy
D. deceleration
A student hypothesizes that sound travels faster
through glass than through plastic or wood. He performs
an experiment and gathers his data. The following graph
shows his data.
_____88. Which conclusion is correct?
A. Wood is better than plastic or glass.
B. Sound travels fastest through wood.
C. Glass is better than plastic or wood.
D. Sound travels fastest through plastic.
_____89. A windmill harnesses the power of
A. electrical energy that can be converted into heat energy
B. chemical energy that can be converted into light energy
C. mechanical energy that can be converted into electrical energy.
D. chemical energy that can be converted into mechanical energy.
Use the following diagram to answer questions 90 to 93.
90. Part a of the diagram is ______________.
91. Part b of the diagram is ______________.
92. Part c of the diagram is ______________.
93. Part d of the diagram is ______________.
The table to the right shows the thermal conductivity
of different materials. Substances with higher values
conduct heat better.
_____94. Which material cools the fastest?
A. aluminum
B. wood
C. copper
D. packing foam
The following is a diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum
divided into four parts. Use the diagram to answer
questions 95 – 98.
95. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is white light? ___
96. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is gamma rays? ___
97. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is radio waves? ___
98. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is infrared waves? ___
____99.When a screwdriver is used to pry the lid from a paint can, the screwdriver is being used as a
A. wheel and axle
B. compound machine
C. lever
D. screw
_____100. Which is NOT an example of work?
A. pushing a shopping cart down an aisle
B. lifting books onto a shelf
C. holding groceries
D. pushing a door open
_____101. A ramp is an example of a(n)
A. lever
B. pulley
C. wedge
D. inclined plane
_____102. Which of the following is NOT a simple machine?
A. seesaw
B. can opener
C. jar lid
D. faucet handle
_____103. Which must be true when work is done?
A. No force acts on the object.
B. An object slows down.
C. An object moves quickly.
D. An object moves in the same direction as a force that is exerted on it.
_____104. When two or more simple machines are combined, they form a
A. compound machine
B. simple machine
C. efficiency machine
D. gear
_____105. A small motor turns a large Ferris wheel because it relies on a simple machine called a
A. wheel and axle
B. lever
C. screw
D. pulley
_____106. The following is an example of
A. 1st class lever
B. 2nd class lever
C. 3rd class lever
D. 4th class lever
_____107. The following is an example of
A. 1st class lever
B. 2nd class lever
C. 3rd class lever
D. 4th class lever
_____108. Which type of energy could best be used in a geyser-filled area?
A. hydroelectricity
B. solar energy
C. wind energy
D. geothermal energy
_____109. Biomass conversion generates energy from _____.
A. plant and animal wastes
B. running water
C. sunlight
D. moving air
_____110. Fossil fuels used in transportation can cause problems. Which is a possible solution to
these problems?
A. Use alternative fuels such as ethanol, propane, natural gas, and electricity.
B. Have car and truck drivers use more fossil fuels in their vehicles during rush hour traffic.
C. Make hybrid cars, which use both gas and electricity illegal.
D. Do not build fuel-efficient cars.
_____111. Resources that are unlimited and cannot be used up by human activity is called
A. conservation
B. inexhaustible resources
C. fossil fuels
D. nonrenewable resources
_____112. Which is a living renewable resource?
A. trees
B. wind
C. water
D. sunlight
_____113. What percentage of the energy resources
used by Americans comes from alternative resources?
A. 7.5 %
B. 14.3 %
C. 22.3 %
D. 93.2 %
The image to the right shows a turbine
generator used to produce electricity at a
geothermal power plant.
_____114. Electricity is produced by using steam to
A. heat the turbine generators
B. spin the turbine generators
C. reduce friction in the turbine generators
D. reduce emissions from the turbine generators
The diagram below represents a diver’s motion
from the top of a high diving board into a
pool of water.
115. At which labeled point does the diver
have the least potential energy? _____
The graph to the right shows the potential and
kinetic energies of a falling rock at one point in
time.
_____116. Which graph best shows the potential
and kinetic energies at a later time as the rock
continues to fall?
A.
B.
C.
D.
_____117. A scientist set up an experiment to see how vinegar affects plant growth. Five seed pots
received a small amount of vinegar in the soil and were placed in the sunlight. Another five pots
received no vinegar and were placed in the shade. The scientist grew the seedlings for two months.
Which explains why her experiment was not set up properly?
A. More than one variable was changed.
B. She did not have a control.
C. She did not grow the plants long enough.
D. Vinegar should not be used on plants.
_____118. Brianna measured the effect of temperature on tomato plant growth. She planted five
tomato plants in pots and kept them in a greenhouse. She also planted five tomato plants in the
ground outside. After five weeks, the plants in the greenhouse were taller than the plants that were in
the ground. Which is a problem with her experiment?
A. Since the tomato plants were not planted the same way, they can’t be accurately compared.
B. Five weeks is not enough time to allow for the growth of tomato plants.
C. The air in the greenhouse is warmer than the air outside.
D. Plant height is not an accurate way to measure growth of tomato plants.
_____119. Mallory conducted a survey about family sizes of the students in her class and discovered
that five families had one child, eight families had two children, three families had three children, and
one family had four children. What is the mode for number of children per family?
A. 1.5
B. 2
C. 2.5
D. 3
_____120. 16. Michelle wants to understand the effect of the amount of heat on the rate at which ice
melts. Which is a factor she should consider when she designs her investigation?
A. the type of container to use for the control
B. the density of the ice that will be used
C. keeping everything in the experiment the same except for the amount of heat that will be applied to
the ice
D. the temperature of the freezer in which the ice will be formed
Melody conducts the experiment shown to compare how
water moves through two types of soil.
_____121. Which is a factor that Melody should consider?
A. The clay sample should be finely ground.
B. The masses of the soil samples should be different.
C. Two pieces of filter paper should be used in the sand sample.
D. The amount of water poured into each funnel should be the same.
_____122. Vivian is conducting an experiment to see the effect of the temperature of vinegar on the
reaction with baking soda. In Vivian’s experiment what is the independent/manipulated variable?
A. the temperature of vinegar
B. the amount of baking soda used
C. the amount of vinegar used
D. the reaction baking soda has with vinegar
_____123. Iron’s ability to rust is NOT a physical property because
A. the density of iron is 7.874 g/cm3
B. the identity of iron stays the same.
C. a new substance with new properties is formed.
D. iron is magnetic
_____124. The atomic number of sulfur is 16. This indicates that there are
A. 16 neutrons in every sulfur atom.
B. 16 protons in every sulfur atom.
C. 16 types of sulfur molecules.
D. 8 protons and 8 neutrons in every sulfur atom.
___125. A crown has a mass of 100 g. It displaces 25 mL of water. What is the density of the crown?
A. 5 g/cm3
B. 20 g/cm3
C. 4 g/cm3
D. 100 g/cm3
The diagram to the right shows a part of the periodic table.
Use the diagram to answer the questions
126. How many protons are in Oxygen?_____
127. How many neutrons are in Fluorine?_____
128. How many electrons are in Helium?_____
129. What is the average atomic mass of Nitrogen? _____
130. Which element shown has 8 valence electrons? ________
131. Which element shown has 2 electrons in the outermost energy level? _________