DO THIS NOW:
Please prepare answers to these
questions:
1. Describe it:
2. To whom do you think this
poster is addressed?
3. What is the persuasive point of
this poster?
4. To what emotions do you think
the artist is trying to appeal?
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Chapter 9, Section 2
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
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Big Idea:
By 1939, many European countries had adopted
dictatorial regimes that aimed to control every aspect of
their citizens’ lives for state goals.
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
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Dictator: a ruler with unrestricted power.
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
Joseph Stalin
Russia
Adolph Hitler
Germany
Benito Mussolini
Italy
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
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Totalitarian state: a government that aims to control the
political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of
its citizens.
Government
MEDIA
CHURCH
SCHOOL
FAMILY
ECONOMY
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
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
Benito Mussolini: “IL Duce (the leader),” established the
first European Fascist movement in Italy in 1919.
Fascism:

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a political philosophy that places the needs of the country
above the individual citizen.
Intense nationalism
Racism
In Italy they called
themselves “Blackshirts”
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
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The Fascist State:
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used a secret police force to enforce government policies.
Controlled newspapers, radio, and film.
Created youth organizations.
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
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A New Era in the Soviet Union:

Lenin’s New Economic Policy (NEP): started in 1921, this was
meant to save Russia from complete economic disaster.
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes
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Joseph Stalin:
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After the death of Lenin in 1924, Stalin battled for control of
the Communist party against Leo Trotsky.
By 1929, Stalin was able to eliminate his political rivals and
establish a dictatorship.
Random Historical Fact:

After his death, Lenin’s body was embalmed and put on display.
Random Historical Fact:

Lenin’s mausoleum is open Monday-Friday, 10am-1pm,

Free admission!
The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes

Five Year Plan:


Stalin’s economic plan to transform Russia into an
industrialized country.
Collectivization:
A system in which private
farms were eliminated and
the government took
ownership of all the land.

Totalitarian States:

Use of terror:
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In Stalin’s USSR, he used the Great Purge. This “removed” all
opponents of the new regime. They were killed or sent to
forced labor camps called “gulags” in Siberia.
Terror Famine:

Nearly 7 million died when Stalin issued a man-made famine for
peasants in Ukraine that resisted collectivization.