Slide 1
Cold War Timeline
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 2
Cold War
• The ideological and often
confrontational conflict
between the United States and
the Soviet Union between 19461991.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 3
Harry S. Truman
• US President from 1945-1953
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 4
Joseph Stalin
• Premier of the Soviet Union 1927-1953
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 5
United Nations
•
•
U.S., Britain, China, and Russia met in 1944 to discuss plans for new
organization to replace League of Nations
In April 1945, San Francisco Conference formed U.N.
1. Security Council (11 members) with veto power and permanent seats
for five major powers (U.S., France, Britain, China, and USSR).
2. Secretariat, headed by Secretary-General, to handle day-to-day
affairs
3. General Assembly with delegates from each nation. Three votes to
USSR as result of Yalta Conference promise
4. International Court of Justice to deal with legal disputes between
members
The purposes of the United Nations, as set forth in the Charter, are to maintain
international peace and security; to develop friendly relations among nations
based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of
peoples; to cooperate in solving international economic, social, cultural and
humanitarian problems and in promoting respect for human rights and
fundamental freedoms; and to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations
in attaining these ends.
http://www.un.org/aboutun/untoday/unorg.htm
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 6
End of WWII
• Two Superpowers emerge US
and USSR
• Reminder: Soviet Union controls most of
Eastern Europe after the Potsdam
Conference
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 7
Poland
• Communist government set up after Stalin
had promised free elections at Yalta
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 8
Separation of Berlin
• Berlin and Germany is divided
into four zones split between
France, Great Britain, United
States and Soviet Union.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 9
More Berlin Info
• France, Great Britain, and the United States
combine their zones in Germany to form
West Germany (Democratic)– Soviet Union
zone becomes East Germany (Communist).
• Berlin is also combined with West Berlin
and East Berlin **Berlin is located in
East Germany
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 10
Containment
• government policy uniting military,
economic, and diplomatic strategies to
contain any further spread of Communism
in the world after World War II, with the
goal of thereby enhancing America’s
security and influence abroad by preventing
a "domino effect".
• George Keenan
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 11
Iron Curtain
• Speech by Churchill - "From Stettin in the
Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron
curtain has descended across the
Continent."
• In response to Soviet Union’s Communist
puppet governments
• Dividing Communist Eastern Europe with
Democratic Western Europe
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 12
Truman Doctrine
• March 12, 1947
• Aid “free peoples who were resisting
attempted subjugation by armed minorities
or outside pressures” (communism)
• Fight communism in Greece & Turkey
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 13
Marshall Plan
• June 1947
• Give European Nations US aid to rebuild
their economies
• Essential for containment
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 14
Berlin Blockade
• Soviet Union saw the unification of West
Berlin as a threat to East Berlin and thus cut
off all roads and rail traffic to West Berlin.
• Truman sent atomic weapons to Great
Britain to show the world the US would not
back down to Communism if West Berlin
were to fall to the Soviets
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 15
Berlin Airlift
• June 26, 1948-May 12,1949
• Cargo planes supplied Berliner’s with food,
medicine, & coal
• It was to keep West Berlin alive without
provoking war
• Symbol of American determination to stand
by the divided city
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 16
NATO
•
•
•
•
1949
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
12 countries including the United States
Alliance in opposition to Communism
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 17
Warsaw Pact
• 1949
• Response to NATO
• Military alliance in Eastern Europe
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 18
Soviets Test Atomic Bomb
• August 29, 1949
• US is threatened by Soviets Atomic
Technology
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 19
H-Bomb Development
• 1949 development began
• US developed new bomb more deadly than
the atomic bomb
• Nicknamed “Mike” detonated November 1,
1952
• Soviets tested theirs August 12, 1953
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 20
Korean War
• June 25, 1950-July 27, 1953
• “The Forgotten War”
• Communist North Korea (supported by
Soviets) invade South Korea (US backed)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 21
Dwight D. Eisenhower
• US President 1953-1961
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 22
Nikita Khrushchev
• Premier of the Soviet Union 1953-1964
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 23
Vietnam War
• 1955-1975
• Communist North Vietnam versus South
Vietnam
• US involvement escalates over time
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 24
Space Race
• Begins October 4, 1957
• Soviet Union launched first space satellite
Sputnik
• November 1957 Soviets launched Sputnik II
with a dog aboard
• 1958 US launched a small satellite
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 25
National Defense & Education
Act
• 1958
• Act passed to encourage education in math,
science, and languages
• Passed in response to the Soviets beating
the US to space
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 26
U2 Incident
• May 1, 1960
• US spy plane shot down over the Soviet
Union
• US claimed to be patrolling the free areas
bordering the Soviet Union
• US feels it is obligated to protect the free
peoples of the world
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 27
John F. Kennedy
• US President 1961-1963
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 28
Bay of Pigs
• April 17, 1961
• Failed attempt by the US to invade Cuba
and overthrow Castro
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 29
Cuban Missile Crisis
• October 16-28, 1962
• 13 days of tension between the US and
Soviet Union regarding missiles in Cuba
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 30
Lyndon B. Johnson
• US President 1963-1968
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 31
Leonid Brezhnev
• Soviet Premier 1964-1982
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 32
Richard Nixon
• US President 1968-1974
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 33
SALT I & SALT II
• May 1972-June 1979
• Attempt to slow the Arm’s Race between
the US and Soviets
• Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 34
Gerald Ford
• US President 1974-1976
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 35
Jimmy Carter
• US President 1976-1980
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 36
Afghan War
• 1978-1992
• the internal conflict between antiCommunist Muslim guerrillas (aided by
US) and the Afghan communist government
(aided from 1979 to 1989 by Soviet troops).
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 37
Ronald Reagan
• US President 1980-1988
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 38
Yuri Andropov
• Soviet Premier 1982-1983
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 39
Moscow Summer Olympic
Games
• 1980
• US and 61 other nations boycott Olympics
because of the Soviet invasion of
Afghanistan
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 40
Lake Placid Winter Olympic
Games
• 1980
• US Hockey Team defeats the #1 Soviet
Team
• Huge Morale boost for US
• Disney Movie Miracle
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 41
Star Wars
• 1983---Not the Movie
• Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
• Development of weapons that could
intercept and destroy incoming missiles
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 42
Chernenko
• Soviet Union Premier- 1983-1985
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 43
Mikhail Gorbachev
• Soviet Premier 1985-1991
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 44
George H. Bush
• US President 1988-1992
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 45
Tiananmen Square
• April-June 1989
• Chinese Students protest Communist
Chinese Government
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 46
Fall of the Berlin Wall
• November 9, 1989
• Borders between East & West Berlin were
opened
• Bulldozers leveled the hated symbol of
Communist repression
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 47
Reunification of Germany
• October 3, 1990
• East and West Germany reunited and
became one
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________
Slide 48
Fall of the Soviet Union
• December 1991
• Soviet Union is divided into 15 different
countries
• Seen as a proof that capitalism is superior to
socialism
• Drastically changed world politics
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
__________