A Drum Cussac Risk Report
UEFA Euro 2016 Championship, France
June 2016
A Drum Cussac Risk Report
Risk, Security and Crisis Management Solutions
CONTENTS
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THE 2016 UEFA FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIP
4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
4
KEY SECURITY RISKS
5
KEY RISK AREAS
7
MAP AND GEOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION
8
THREAT PROFILE
8
POTENTIAL TERROR THREAT
10
STATE OF EMERGENCY
10
SECURITY AT EURO 2016 EVENTS
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SECURITY THREAT ANALYSIS
12
FRANCE (COUNTRY ANALYSIS)
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BORDEAUX
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LENS
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LILLE
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LYON
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MARSEILLE
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NICE
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PARIS
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SAINT-DENIS
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SAINT-ETIENNE
35
TOULOUSE
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RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
39
STRATEGIC RISK MITIGATION ADVICE
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TRAVEL RISK MITIGATION ADVICE
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THE 2016 UEFA FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIP
The 15th edition of the UEFA European Football championship will be hosted by
France between 10 June and 10 July 2016. 24 European teams will compete in 51
matches. Sporting events will take place in ten cities: Bordeaux, Lens, Lille, Lyon,
Marseille, Nice, Paris, Saint-Denis, Saint Etienne and Toulouse.
Approximately 2.5 million participants, of whom 1.5 million are international travellers,
are expected to attend sporting events for the championship throughout the monthlong period. According to French government estimates, approximately 8 million
people will participate in events that will be set up in fan zones within France’s major
cities.
France will conduct major security operations involving 25,000 police officers, 30,000
gendarmes and 10,000 soldiers to secure the event and the national territory
throughout the duration of the championship.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Drum Cussac’s Intelligence and Analysis Services team has compiled this report to
assist those with direct or indirect in-country interests during the June – July UEFA Euro
2016 football championship. The report analyses risk trends affecting France’s
operational and travel environment. It also provides a specific assessment for the risk
environment in all ten cities that will host the Euro 2016. Finally, Drum Cussac has
compiled a series of high-level advice to support decision makers, and individual
travellers planning on being in France in June and July.
The report is meant to cater to the needs of a wide audience formed by:
• Leisure Travellers: Those attending the matches and other related events in various
locations who are on personal/vacation time and travelling at their own risk
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• Business Travellers: Those attending matches and associated events either as part of
their actual job or with/on behalf of corporate hospitality
• Indirectly Affected: Those with no interest in/link to the tournament, but whose daily
lives/travel plans could be indirectly affected
• Risk Managers: Those broadly responsible for their employees in and around the
tournament whether directly or indirectly
KEY SECURITY RISKS
Drum Cussac’s key findings are summarised below:
Criminality
Central districts of the ten cities hosting Euro 2016 events are prone to incidents of
petty crime. The presence of large numbers of foreign visitors during the football
competition increases the risk of exposure to petty theft. This risk is particularly
heightened in crowded places, near fan zones, in the vicinity of football stadiums and
on public transportation.
Hooliganism
Violent fan groups, especially from Russia, Germany, Poland, Ukraine, Turkey and Italy
generate a potential risk of hooliganism. The easy accessibility of France from Eastern
Europe will allow many to travel to France without restriction. Far-right and neo-Nazi
supporters may specifically target rival fan groups based on their ethnic features. To
mitigate the risk of foreign supporters clashing with rival groups of local fans, security
forces plan to channel foreign supporters into stadiums. However, the risk of clashes
between rival supporters will remain due to increased consumption of alcohol, sport-
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related rivalries and the potential presence of nationalist groups in the vicinity of
stadiums and in fan zones areas.
Violent Unrest
The presence of hundreds of thousands of foreign football supporters will increase the
risk of violent escalation by nationalist or hooligan elements during episodes of unrest.
Since March 2016, France has experienced a wave of anti-government protests linked
to two main grievances, listed below. These grievances are likely to be the major
drivers of unrest in June and July.
• The El-Khomri Labour Reform: Multiple large-scale protests have taken place
throughout the country in opposition to the planned labour market reform. Rallies
have taken place in March, April and May 2016, primarily in Paris, Bordeaux and Lyon
as well as in other major cities. Given current friction between labour unions and the
government, there is a risk that additional protests may occur in June and July.
• Nuit Debout Movement: The anti-establishment movement began a series of
protests in Paris in late March 2016. Sit-ins spread to major cities throughout the
country and continue to take place periodically. This trend is likely to persist in the
coming months and may result in localised disturbances during the Euro 2016
championship.
Terrorism
Authorities are concerned over the potential for radical Islamist elements to plot
attacks during the Euro 2016 championship. French and other European intelligence
agencies stated that Islamic State (IS) linked militants may be planning to specifically
target sporting events. Enhanced security measures that include security perimeters
around stadiums and fan zones will be in place in all cities hosting the events.
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Special training exercises are being carried out regularly throughout the country to test
police readiness in case of an attack.
KEY RISK AREAS
Drum Cussac has identified the following areas as key risk zones during the June-July
2016 period.
• Stadiums: Areas surrounding football stadiums will be potential targets for criminal
activity and terrorist attacks as large numbers of supporters will gather in relatively
small spaces to pass through security controls. Movement in areas adjacent to
stadiums may be restricted, and this could lead to localised travel disruptions and
delays.
• Fan zones: Areas in city centres hosting festive events and large screens showing the
games will attract thousands of people. These events will be well policed and also
subject to the presence of private security personnel. Government officials have stated
that these gatherings may be the target of terrorist plots, and as such, special plans
are being put in place to secure them.
• Public Transportation: France’s local and national public transportation network will
be experiencing a higher than usual demand for service. Any labour strike or service
interruption will lead to substantial travel disruption. The transportation network and its
key hubs have been identified as potential targets of terrorist attacks.
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MAP AND GEOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION
The below map shows the ten cities that will host football matches during the UEFA
2016 championship.
THREAT PROFILE
This report provides detailed qualitative analysis across several broad areas of security
risk. To enable this analysis to be turned into an actionable set of risk management
priorities, we utilise a 1-5 scale of escalating severity where 1 is Negligible and 5 is
Extreme in order to quantitatively assess each threat. These are provided at national
and local levels.
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Threat Profiles
Threat Assessment Reference Scale
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Threat Level
Implication
1 – Negligible
The threat poses no discernible risk and warrants no particular security measures
2 – Low
The threat poses only limited risk and is manageable within routine precautions
3 – Moderate
The threat is credible and warrants ongoing risk management review and planning
4 - High
The threat is serious and detailed mitigation measures are required
5 - Extreme
The threat is critical and renders the operation unfeasible without maximum security measures
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POTENTIAL TERROR THREAT
Tight security measures will be in place for the Euro 2016 championship amid
heightened concerns over terrorism. Since the November 2015 attacks in Paris, French
authorities and intelligence services have warned of a heightened terrorist threat
throughout the country, with the Euro 2016 events considered a potential target.
Football matches have been targeted in the past. During the November attacks, one of
the attackers tried to infiltrate the Saint-Denis stadium just north of Paris. Following the
March 2016 attacks in Brussels, information emerged that the Belgium attackers had
previously planned to carry out attacks in France during the June-July 2016 period.
Complex, large-scale terrorist plots as well as lone-wolf attacks are a concern during
the Euro 2016 events. These could occur in the vicinity of the stadiums, in public
transportation hubs and/or in crowded public place such as fan zones and
bar/restaurant areas.
STATE OF EMERGENCY
The entirety of French territory is currently under a state of emergency due to concerns
over terrorism. The measure was put in place following the November 2015 attacks
and has been extended three times by the French parliament. It is currently set to
expire on 26 July.
The extension of the state of emergency continues to provide security forces,
intelligence agencies and local judicial courts with the necessary operational and
legislative tools to conduct counter-terrorist operations deemed necessary in light of
the threat. The special status provides authorities with a number of legal powers.
Under the state of emergency, security is high across the country with extra police,
soldiers and gendarmes deployed in public spaces, tourist areas and transportation
hubs. The emergency measures also allow the tightening of border controls and
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heightened security at airports and train stations. The police are granted powers to
search homes without a warrant.
As the state of emergency was extended to cover the period of the Euro 2016
championship security will be tight nationwide during the sporting event. Extra police
and military patrols will be present in major railway stations and airports as well as in
city centres. Police patrols may conduct identity, luggage and vehicle checks. Should
any outstanding security warning be issued or a threat materialises, authorities may
decide to implement border security measures and/or temporarily close the country’s
borders. All football events are currently planned to be carried out normally, but in the
event of a security alert, authorities and UEFA coordinators may decide to have games
played behind closed doors or even cancelled.
SECURITY AT EURO 2016 EVENTS
Extraordinary security measures will be in place to mitigate the threat posed by
potential terrorist plots in the stadium areas during Euro 2016 events. The UEFA
Football Federation has contracted approximately 10,000 private guards, of whom
approximately 1,200 will be deployed at Stade de France in Saint-Denis, just north of
Paris. Around 900 guards will protect each of the other nine stadiums. Each stadium
will also receive 200 volunteers, 80 doctors, units from the French Gendarmerie and
special anti-riot police units from the Compagnies Republicaines de Securite (CRS).
All stadiums will have a two-level security perimeter. The outer perimeter will be
manned by armed French police officers. The inner perimeter will be manned by nonarmed private guards. All individuals moving through the two perimeters will be
checked for tickets, accreditation and identification documents. Individuals will also go
through metal detectors, pat downs and a baggage check. Security measures around
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stadiums will begin to be implemented by late May 2016. According to media
estimates, these measures will represent a 30 per cent increase in the personnel
deployed for normal football events.
Fan zones will be set-up throughout the country with attendance that can range from
10,000 to 100,000 people per location. The security perimeter around fan zones will be
similar to the one for stadiums with an outer and inner line manned by police and
private guards, respectively. Between 100 and 350 security guards will be deployed in
each fan zone. Pat downs and screenings will be carried out for all individuals entering
the fan zones.
SECURITY THREAT ANALYSIS
FRANCE (COUNTRY ANALYSIS)
Terrorism
France is currently facing an elevated threat from terrorism, which has been repeatedly
confirmed by President Hollande, Prime Minister Valls and Interior Minister Cazeneuve
as well as interior and exterior intelligence services (respectively DGSI and DGSE). In
January and November 2015, France was targeted in major attacks conducted by alQaeda and Islamic State (IS) militants. Security forces disrupted several plots in 2015
and 2016. Middle East-based militants have time and again called for attacks against
the country. France is currently under a state of emergency aimed at providing security
forces and the judicial branch with sufficient options to mitigate the terrorist threat.
The state of emergency is expected to be extended and run until the end of July 2016.
The Euro 2016 event and associated arrival of more than one million foreign tourists in
the country further elevates the threat. Security forces have relentlessly been training
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for potential complex and/or lone-wolf attacks in transportation hubs, in the vicinity of
stadiums and in crowded public places. There is unconfirmed information that the ISlinked militants behind the March 2016 bombings in Brussels had previously planned
attacks in France during the Euro 2016. This underscores the continued will of Islamist
militants to hit France, particularly during high-profile events. In late May, the United
States Department of States issued a preventive travel alert warning citizens of a
potential terrorist threat in France during the June-July period. This highlights the
ongoing international attention to the situation in France and the elevated terrorist
threat faced by the country.
Unrest
There has been a recent wave of anti-government and labour protests throughout the
country. President Hollande and Prime Minister Valls have seen their approval rates
drop since early 2016, and the ruling Socialist Party (PS) is currently experiencing
internal tensions as Hollande’s participation in the 2017 presidential elections is
increasingly challenged. This trend of strong opposition to government policies does
not generate a wider risk of political instability; however, it creates a climate in which
protests and anti-government rallies are more likely to occur. In addition, the PS is
facing difficulties in implementing its socio-economic reform programme, and this has
led to enhanced tensions with the country’s major labour unions.
Given the current state of emergency in France, which gives national and local
authorities the right to ban demonstrations, authorities may declare protests to be
illegal during the Euro 2016 period. Any decision to ban rallies could lead to unlawful
protests and result in localised bouts of unrest.
Since early 2016, there have been several high-profile labour strikes organised by the
country’s main labour unions, mainly linked to protests against the labour market
reform and structural economic issues. There is a high risk that labour unions will use
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the June-July 2016 period to conduct strikes aimed at enhancing their negotiating
power while the government is focused on the Euro 2016 football championship.
Labour strikes, especially in public transportation as well as in the railway and air travel
sectors, have the potential to cause substantial movement disruptions. In late May
2016, strikes in the country’s oil refineries and ports led to temporary fuel shortages in
several hundred gas stations.
France sporadically experiences rounds of violent unrest, especially linked to antigovernment demonstrations. Participants associated with far-left and anarchist
movements tend to clash with police forces, and youths may riot in the city centres.
During the June-July 2016 period, the main risk of violent unrest is from football
hooligans. To mitigate the risk of foreign supporters clashing with rival groups of local
fans, security forces plan to channel foreign supporters into stadiums. However, the risk
of clashes between rival supporters will remain due to increased consumption of
alcohol, sport-related rivalries and the potential presence of nationalist groups in the
vicinity of stadiums and in fan zone areas.
Crime
Petty crime is the biggest threat to travellers. Crime rates are along the lines of those
in other major Western European countries. During the June-July 2016 period, the risk
generated by petty crime is likely to increase in areas hosting large events linked to
the Euro 2016 championship. Street thieves may be more active in the vicinity of fan
zones and stadiums as well as in crowded bars and commercial districts. Violent crime
does not generate a major threat for travellers in France; however, if confronted by
their victims, thieves may turn violent.
Cont.
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Medical
France does not pose any special health or medical risk for those with interests in the
country between June and July 2016. Local medical facilities are up to international
standards, and all cities with Euro 2016 football events have 24/7 emergency services.
Transport
Air and road travel to France and within the country do not generate any particular
risk. Local roads, motorways and highways are in good state. The regional and national
railway network is of high quality and covers the entirety of the territory. Motorists
generally abide by local driving laws. While road accidents are a cause of concern,
foreign travellers do not face any outstanding safety risk while on the country’s roads.
International airports are located in the vicinity of all the Euro 2016 venues, and air
travel is safe. Planned and/or spontaneous labour strikes may temporarily cause
disruptions and delays to public transportation as well as to rail and air travel.
BORDEAUX
Bordeaux is located along the Garonne River in the Gironde department of the western
Atlantic coast. The metropolitan area has a population of almost 750,000 people. The
stadium of Bordeaux is the Nouveau Stade de Bordeaux, also known as Matmut
Atlantique. It is located north of the city, approximately 8km (5 miles) from the centre,
with a capacity of 42,000 seats.
Terrorism
There is an elevated terrorist threat in Bordeaux linked to the activity of radical Islamist
networks within the national territory. Police have conducted several anti-terrorist raids
in the city and detained suspects over their alleged support to Islamist groups
operating in the Middle East.
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In April 2016, security forces conducted a training exercise simulating a mass shooting
in Bordeaux. The exercise aimed to prepare police for a potential attack against Place
des Quiconces, one of the fan zones in the city. Throughout France, police are
preparing for potential complex and lone-wolf attacks and increasing the degree of
cooperation between the different branches of police and gendarmerie units.
Unrest
Since the beginning of 2016, the majority of demonstrations in Bordeaux have been
linked to opposition to labour market reform. Several large-scale protests took place in
the centre city in March and April 2016. The majority of rallies linked to the reforms
are conducted peacefully, but there is a heightened risk of violent unrest as radicalised
far-left participants periodically clash with police. Labour issues and opposition to the
extension of the state of emergency are likely to remain the main drivers for protests
in Bordeaux in the coming months.
Crime
Petty crime is the main safety concern for those travelling to Bordeaux between June
and July 2016. Street theft is periodically reported, and foreigners showing excessive
signs of wealth or seemingly unaware of their surroundings may be specifically
targeted by local criminals. The bulk of incidents occur in crowded places such as Place
des Quinconces, Place Gambetta and Place de la Bourse. Crowded transportation
vehicles and areas adjacent to fan zones on game days may also be attractive to local
thieves.
Medical
Hospitals in Bordeaux are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of
medical assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016
period. Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in
France.
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In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Bordeaux, many foreign nationals use Hopital Saint-Andre (CHU), located on Rue
Jean Burguet (Phone: +33(0)556795679).
Transport
Bordeaux is linked to Paris and Lyon as well as the rest of the country via major French
highways. The ring road, known as Rocade, is the external limit of the city and a major
overland travel route. The main railway is Gare de Bordeaux Saint-Jean which is linked
to the national and regional high-speed TGV network. Railway services within the
Bordeaux region are possible via the local regional railway network (TER). Bordeaux
Merignac is an international airport located 8km (5 miles) from the city centre. The
Bordeaux urban centre is covered by a dense network of public transportation services,
including three trams, 75 bus lines and a boat shuttle across the Garonne River. There
are approximately 400 cabs covering the city and its periphery.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac has not identified any high risk games in Bordeaux in the initial group
stage of the Euro 2016 football championship.
LENS
Lens is located in the northern Nord Pas-de-Calais department along the French
border with Belgium. The metropolitan area of Lens has a population of approximately
250,000 people, making it one of the largest cities in the northern region. The stadium
of Lens, also known as Stade Bollaert-Delelis, is located northwest of the city centre
and has a maximum capacity of approximately 40,000 seats.
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Terrorism
Following the November 2015 attacks in Paris, Lens has experienced localised tensions
linked to fears of potential terrorist violence, although no incident has occurred. As in
the rest of France, security forces in Lens are on high alert. Warnings issued by police
officials and/or local residents may prompt operations leading to localised disruptions.
Unrest
The city periodically faces small to medium-scale anti-government protests. Such rallies
do not generally reach the volume of participants and intensity as do protests seen in
the rest of the county.
Lens is located near the Dunkirk-Calais area, where there are several major illegal
migrant camps. As such, there is an underlying risk of far-right nationalist and antimigrant protests in the city. So far, anti-migrant sentiment has not led to any violent
unrest or criminal activity.
Crime
Petty crime is the most direct risk to foreign nationals in the city. Street criminals may
try to steal cameras, phones, wallets and other valuables in crowded places and public
transportation services. There is a higher risk of such crime during night-time hours
and in the local commercial district along Rue Pietonne.
Medical
Hospitals in Lens are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of medical
assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016 period.
Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Lens many foreigners go to the Centre Hospitalier de Lens, located on Route de la
Bassée (Phone: +33(0)321713333).
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Transport
Lens is linked to the rest of the country via the local highway network, which connects
it to Paris and Lille. The high-speed national TGV network and the SNCF regional
railway lines pass through the city. The closest airport to Lens is Lille Esquin (LIL),
located approximately 20km (13 miles) away from the city. The urban centre of Lens is
covered by the Tadeo public transportation bus network. Taxis are widely available.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac has identified the following events as potentially high risk games:
16 June (England vs. Wales): Risk of higher than normal consumption of alcohol and
potentially confrontational supporters.
21 June (Czech Republic vs. Turkey): Risk of higher than normal consumption of
alcohol, potentially confrontational supporters and presence of far-right elements.
LILLE
Lille lies along the Deule River and is located in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais department on
the French border with Belgium. It is part of the wider Lille-Tourcoing-Tournai crossborder metropolis. The Lille urban area has a population of 226,000 people. It is
connected to the rest of the country via regional and national railways. The stadium of
Lille, Stade Pierre-Mauroy, is located in the city’s southeast and has a capacity of
50,000 seats.
Terrorism
There is a credible terror threat in Lille. Since November 2015, several anti-terrorist
operations have taken place in the city, some of which directly targeted individuals in
possession of weapons. Police are expected to conduct further raids along the Belgian
border to target cells providing support to Islamist groups or planning operations in
France and Europe. In January 2016, French media leaked a document that was
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allegedly obtained from the internal intelligence services (DGSI) stating that Musee de
l’Europe in Lille was a potential target for terrorist attacks. No specific threat has been
issued for football events in Lille during the UEFA Euro 2016 championship.
Unrest
Since the third quarter of 2015, several high-profile protests have been held in Lille.
Demonstrations linked to national issues such as farmers’ rights, the extension of the
state of emergency, the reform of the labour market and the reform of the judicial
system have led to periodic anti-government and labour protests in the city centre.
These rallies have sporadically escalated into violent unrest.
Since April 2016 and the beginning of the Nuit Debout movement in Paris, antigovernment left-wing radicals have conducted sit-ins in Lille’s Place de la Republique
Square. These rallies are part of a wider trend of socio-political anti-government
protests. Lille is a regional university hub, and activist students often take part in such
protests.
Given the ongoing crisis sparked by the presence of large numbers of illegal migrants
in the Calais-Dunkirk area, there is a potential for right-wing nationalist demonstrations
in Lille and the surrounding districts.
Crime
Petty theft is the main threat to those travelling to Lille for the Euro 2016
championship. Petty crime is most likely in crowded touristic areas and transportation
hubs, especially in the Lille-Sud, Vieux-Lille, Place de la Republique and Jardin des
Plantes areas. Street criminals may specifically target foreigners travelling to the
stadium, particularly if they look lost or out of place.
Episodes of violent crime periodically occur in Lille. Clashes involving the use of
firearms can take place between members of rival criminal gangs. Shootings have
occurred in the centre of the city, although foreigners and the wider population have
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not been directly targeted. Such incidents may occur during the Euro 2016
championship and would increase the risk of exposure to incidental violence for those
in the immediate vicinity.
Medical
Hospitals in Lille are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of medical
assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016 period.
Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Lille, many foreigners go to the Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille
(CHRU), located on Avenue Oscar Lambret (Phone: +33(0)320445962).
Transport
Lille is at the centre of France’s northeastern highway network, which links the city to
Belgium. Lille is connected to the French and European high-speed Eurostar and Thalys
lines via the city’s main station, Gare de Lille-Europe. Lille Lesquin Airport (LIL) is
located 7km (4 miles) away from the city. The Lille urban centre is covered by two
light-rail metro lines as well as two tram lines. 68 bus lines cover Lille as well as areas
in the periphery of the city and along the Belgian side of the border.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac has identified the following events as potentially high risk games:
12 June (Germany vs. Ukraine): Risk of higher than normal consumption of alcohol,
potentially confrontational supporters and presence of far-right elements.
15 June (Russia vs. Slovakia): Risk of higher than normal consumption of alcohol and
potentially confrontational supporters.
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LYON
Lyon is located in the central Rhone department. The Lyon metropolitan area has a
population of 2.2 million people, making it the second largest city of the country. It is
a major touristic, cultural and business centre. The stadium of Lyon, Parc Olympique
Lyonnais, has a capacity of 59,000 seats and is located northeast of the city centre.
Terrorism
Terrorism is an ongoing concern in Lyon. Several terrorist plots have been disrupted in
Lyon since 2014. Radical Islamist elements holding views sympathetic to Islamic State
(IS) ideology are known to be present in the city. In August 2014, authorities arrested a
group of teenagers who had planned to conduct a suicide bombing in a local
synagogue. In January 2016, the internal security service (DGSI) said that the Lyon
industrial area is a potential target for terrorist attacks. In February 2016, a man with
links to the local radical Islamist scene was detained and found to be in possession of
weapons. In June 2015, a man with suspected links to IS attacked an Air Products gas
factory in Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, some 40km (25 miles) from Lyon, and decapitated
the owner of a local transport company.
Unrest
Politically motivated protests and labour-related demonstrations occur periodically in
the centre of Lyon. The majority of demonstrations occur at Bellecour Place. Within the
last 12 months, there have been sporadic incidents of violent unrest, especially during
labour-related protests when there is a higher likelihood of far-left radicals infiltrating
the demonstration. Such episodes generally lead to scuffles between protesters and
police forces. There is also a low risk of rioting on the margins of such events.
Crime
Petty crime is the most prominent threat to travellers in Lyon. Foreigners may be
targeted by local street thieves in commercial areas near Place Bellecour and in
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crowded touristic areas. During the Euro 2016 football championship, the risk will be
elevated for those using Lyon’s public transportation services and in local railway and
bus stations. Violent crime is not considered a security risk for those in Lyon between
June and July 2016. However, thieves may become violent if confronted.
Medical
Hospitals in Lyon are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of medical
assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016 period.
Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Lyon, many foreigners go to Hospices Civils de Lyon – Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire (CHU), located in Place d'Arsonval (Phone: +33(0)825082569).
Transport
Lyon is at the centre of the north-south highway network, and the country’s main
motorways link the city to Paris, Marseille, Grenoble and Geneva. Lyon’s main train
stations are Lyon Part-Dieu and Lyon Perrache. The city is linked to the national and
international high-speed railway network (TGV). The Lyon-Saint-Exupery Airport (LYS) is
a major hub in France and is located 20km (13 miles) from the city centre. The city
benefits from a thorough public transportation network formed by four metro lines,
five tramway lines and 140 buses and trolleybuses operating within the urban centre as
well as in the suburban area.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac did not identify any high risk games in the initial group stage of the Euro
2016 championship in Lyon.
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MARSEILLE
Marseille is located along the southern shore on the Mediterranean Sea in the
Bouches-du-Rhone department. It is the country’s third largest city with a population
of 1.8 million people. The stadium of Marseille, Stade Velodrome, is located in the
southern part of the city and has a capacity of 67,000 seats.
Terrorism
Marseille is subject to a general elevated terrorist threat. Authorities are concerned that
radical Islamist militants may try to conduct attacks in the city. In January 2016, French
media leaked a list of locations identified by internal intelligence services as potential
targets for attacks. The Marseille-Fos Port, France’s leading port, was among the
identified locations. Radical Islamists holding views aligned with IS’ ideology are
present in the city and collude with local criminal networks. Several anti-terrorist
operations have been carried out in Marseille since November 2015 as security forces
continue to target networks supporting militants in France and the Middle East. The
city and its surrounding region is a smuggling hub for the transit of weapons, and as
such the easy availability of firearms in Marseille increases concerns over the terrorist
threat.
The city has already experienced several lone-wolf attacks that have mainly targeted
French Jewish citizens. Between late 2015 and early 2016, self-radicalised Islamists
stabbed and wounded three Jewish residents of Marseille. There is an elevated risk that
during the Euro 2016 football championship, individuals inspired by the IS ideology
may try to carry out similar attacks that involve the usage of knives or the ramming of
vehicles into small crowds. Given their limited need for planning, these attacks are
more difficult to disrupt. The most likely targets are individuals of identifiable Jewish
heritage and members of the security forces.
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Unrest
Anti-government demonstrations periodically take place in Marseille, often linked to
labour-related issues. Since early 2016, the main driver for protests in Marseilles has
been opposition to the labour market reform. In late April 2016, clashes between
demonstrators and police led to several arrests and injuries in the southern city.
Protests generally occur in the centre of Marseille near public administration buildings
and along major roads. Given the current presence of the Nuit Debout antiestablishment movement, ongoing anti-government tensions linked to the labour
reform and recent violence between protesters and police officers, there is a risk that
additional demonstrations may occur in the city throughout the June-July 2016 period.
Such protests are likely to be well policed and peaceful, although radical left-wing
activists may infiltrate the rallies in a bid to stir tensions.
Crime
Marseille is one of the French cities most affected by criminal activity. Organised
criminal groups involved in the weapons and drug trade have a strong presence in
low-income districts in the north and south. These gangs are heavily armed and
periodically target rival groups in assassination attempts. The majority of these
incidents involve shootings or stabbings. These occur during day and night and may
take place in public places. Shootings have also taken place in central touristic districts,
and as such there is a risk of incidental exposure to violence in the city. Foreigners are
not directly targeted in such shootings.
Petty crime is also an issue in Marseille. While local authorities have installed large
numbers of closed circuit cameras (CCTV) and stepped up police controls in central
areas such as the Old Port (Vieux Port), thefts continue to be reported. Foreigners
showing excessive signs of wealth may be specifically targeted by local street criminals.
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Medical
Hospitals in Marseilles are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of
medical assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016
period. Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in
France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Marseilles, many foreigners go to the Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille,
located at 80, rue Brochier (Phone: +33 (0)491380000).
Transport
Marseille is located on the north-south highway axis, and the city is connected to
major motorways linking it to the rest of the country. The main train station is Gare de
Marseille Saint-Charles, and Marseille is linked to the national and international highspeed train service (TGV). Marseille Provence Airport (MRS) is the international airport,
located 25km (18 miles) north of the city centre. The public transportation network
consists of two metro lines, 104 bus routes and three tramway lines. The entirety of the
central urban area is covered by public transportation services.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac has identified the following events as potentially high risk games:
11 June (England vs. Russia): Risk of higher than normal consumption of alcohol,
potentially confrontational supporters and presence of far-right elements.
21 June (Ukraine vs. Poland): risk of higher than normal consumption of alcohol,
potentially confrontational supporters and presence of far-right elements.
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NICE
Nice is located in the Alpes Maritime department and lies on France’s southern shore
along the Mediterranean Sea. Nice has a population of 340,000 people. It is a major
tourist hub and is connected to the rest of the country via regional and high-speed
train services. It is also located in close proximity to Monaco Monte Carlo, just some
20km (12 miles) to the west. The stadium of Nice is the Allianz Riviera, located
northwest of the city centre with a capacity of 35,000 seats.
Terrorism
Since November 2015, several anti-terrorist operations have taken place in Nice, with
security forces arresting several suspects accused of supporting terrorist organisations.
While the country faces a general elevated terrorist threat, there is no intelligence
concerning specific plots targeting Nice. Nice is a touristic hotspot and is home to
several high-profile restaurants and hotels which could be potential targets for attack.
Over the last 12 months, Islamist militants have targeted touristic locations to
specifically hit foreigners, especially in Northern and Western Africa. As such, potential
plots against the city cannot be ruled out, although comparatively high security
measures in France will serve as a deterrent.
Lone-wolf attacks have taken place in Nice in the past. In February 2015, a single
assailant stabbed and wounded three French soldiers patrolling in front of a Jewish
community institution. The perpetrator was self-radicalised and declared his sympathy
for IS. There is potential for similar incidents to occur during the June-July 2016 period.
Assailants armed with knives may try to target security forces or individuals of visible
Jewish heritage in one-off attacks. These incidents are difficult to predict and avoid.
Unrest
Labour-related and politically motivated demonstrations occur periodically in Nice,
mainly linked to unionised workers and issues specific to the local labour market. The
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majority of demonstrations occur in the centre of the city and are peaceful. However,
scuffles may occur between far-left extremists and security forces. In 2016, several
demonstrations were held in Nice as part of the nationwide wave of anti-government
protests sparked by planned labour market reform.
Crime
Crime is not a major risk in Nice. However, foreigners are periodically targeted by local
street criminals for petty theft along the seaside, on beaches, in public transportation
and in touristic spots. Petty crime incidents are especially frequent along the
Promenade des Anglais and crowded adjacent streets. Other areas where crime rates
may be higher are Rue Massena, Avenue Jean Medecin and near the train station.
Thieves especially target foreigners who seem unaware of their surroundings and who
show excessive signs of wealth. Violent crime is not a major risk for foreigners and
tourists; however, if confronted by their victim, criminals may react violently.
Medical
Hospitals in Nice are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of medical
assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016 period.
Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Nice, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the network of public hospitals
with 24/7 emergency coverage; the general contact number is +33(0)492037777.
Transport
Nice is connected to the A8 highway which links the city to Marseille and the French
border with Italy. Nice Cote d’Azur Airport (NCE) is the country’s third busiest
international airport. It is located 7km (4 miles) west of the city centre. The main
railway station is Nice-Ville. High-speed national trains (TGV) and local regional trains
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(TER) link Nice to the rest of the country. Public transportation services are provided by
tramways and bus lines that cover the urban centre as well as suburban areas in the
vicinity of Nice. Ferry services are available linking the city to other areas along the
French Riviera and to Corsica.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac has not identified any high risk games in the initial group stage of the
Euro 2016 championship in Nice.
PARIS
Paris is the capital of France. It is a European and global business hub as well as the
seat of the French government. The city lies along the Seine River, and the
metropolitan area has a population of 10.5 million people. Paris is connected to the
rest of the Ile-de-France region via a network of light-rail trains and to the rest of the
country via regional and high-speed trains. It is also linked to the Eurostar and Thalys
rail networks. The stadium of Paris, Parc des Princes, is located in the southwestern part
of the capital and has a capacity of 48,000 seats.
Terrorism
Paris experienced high-profile terrorist attacks in January and November 2015. Islamic
State and al-Qaeda linked militants hit the capital and brought to light the presence of
local and cross-border Islamist networks ready to strike the country. Since the end of
2015, several anti-terrorist operations have been conducted throughout the Paris
region, and multiple plots have been disrupted. In March 2016, a plot in its final
preparation phase was interrupted and a key Islamist militant was arrested. Police
forces are conducting training exercises in a bid to increase the responsiveness to any
future attacks in the capital.
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The terrorist threat in Paris is expected to remain elevated in the coming months.
Militant groups colluding with local criminal networks have an operational presence in
the capital and in its suburbs. There is also a risk of lone-wolf attacks conducted by
self-radicalised militants. These assaults are most likely to involve stabbing attacks.
Police and military forces are the most likely targets in these incidents as well as
individuals of identifiable Jewish heritage.
The terror threat will be elevated in Paris during the Euro 2016 football championship.
There are fears that Islamist militants may try to hit stadiums, fan zones, transportation
hubs and/or crowded public places such as bar districts or commercial avenues. A
large security plan is in place to mitigate the risk posed by complex and lone-wolf
attacks. During the Euro 2016 there will also be an enhanced risk of false alerts and
hoaxes that may lead to evacuations and the sealing off of specific areas.
Unrest
Since March 2016, Paris has been at the centre of major anti-government protest
movements. The main trigger for these protests has been the government-backed
labour reform. Demonstrations led by student organisations and labour unions have
mainly taken place in the vicinity of high schools and universities. Some of these
events have led to violent unrest as participants clash with police officers. Since the
end of March, the Nuit Debout movement, which espouses anti-government and antisystem ideologies, has maintained a long-term occupation of the Place de la
Republique in central Paris. Several violent incidents have been reported on the
margins of protest activity involving the group. The current trend of demonstrations is
likely to continue in the coming months.
Labour strikes and spontaneous work stoppages periodically take place in Paris. These
events generate an enhanced risk of travel disruptions, especially along the city’s metro
and RER railway network. These protests may occur as part of wider labour-related
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demonstrations or in response to specific incidents such as the assault of metro/RER
employees.
During the June-July 2016 period, Paris faces an ongoing risk of unrest linked to the
current anti-government protests and labour strikes. These movements, especially Nuit
Debout and the union led protests, may try to use the Euro 2016 football
championship as an international stage to gain access to media attention. There is also
a risk that far-left and human rights groups may stage spontaneous demonstrations
against the extension of the state of emergency and the enhanced security measures in
the capital. Violent unrest during the sporting events, generated by the potential
presence of football hooligans or nationalist supporters, is another risk. Localised
scuffles and unruly behaviour could occur in fan zones and popular bar areas, with the
risk heightened by excessive consumption of alcohol.
Crime
Petty crime is among the most likely security risks faced by travellers to Paris in June
and July 2016. The centre of the city has crime rates similar to other major western
European capitals. Petty crime incidents are mainly reported in the Chatelet-Les Halles
and Charles de Gaulle Etoile metro and RER stations as well as in the Gare du Nord
and Gare de l’Est train stations. Theft also occurs in crowded public places and touristic
spots. Mugging during the day in the centre of Paris is relatively rare. There is an
enhanced risk of exposure to crime in areas on the outskirts of Paris. The northern
18th, 19th and 20th arrondissements (districts) near the Boulevard Peripherique are
hotspots for criminal activity and gang-related violence.
Medical
Hospitals in Paris are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of medical
assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016 period.
Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in France.
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In Paris as throughout France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national
network of public hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Paris many foreigners go to the American Hospital of Paris, located on Boulevard
Victor Hugo (Neuilly-sur-Seine) (Phone: +33(0)1 46412525).
Transport
Paris is located in the centre of the country’s motorway network with highways
connecting the capital to the rest of France. The Boulevard Peripherique marks the
external limits of the urban centre of Paris. Paris has two airports: Paris Orly Airport
(ORY), located south of the city, and the international hub Paris Roissy Charles de
Gaule (CDG), located north of the city. The capital has six main railway stations that link
it to the Transilien and Corail local and regional services as well as to the high-speed
national and international Thalys and Eurostar networks. Paris’ public transportation
network consists of 347 bus lines, 16 metro lines and nine tramway lines. The centre of
the capital is also linked to the rest of the Parisian region via the light-rail RER
network.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac has identified the following event as a potentially high risk game:
12 June (Turkey vs. Croatia): Potentially confrontational supporters and presence of farright/nationalist elements.
SAINT-DENIS
Saint-Denis is a town located in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, some 9km (5.5
miles) north of Paris. The city has a population of 109,000 people. It is located along
the RER line linking Paris to the Paris Charles de Gaule Airport (CDG). Saint-Denis has
an international business area and its stadium, Stade de France, has a capacity of
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81,000 seats. The final of the 1998 FIFA World Cup was played in the Saint-Denis
stadium.
Terrorism
Since the Paris attacks of November 2015, there are increased security concerns over
the presence of radical Islamist militants in Saint-Denis. On 13 November 2015, two
Islamic State (IS)-linked suicide bombers detonated their explosive vests in the vicinity
of the Stade de France while a match was ongoing as part of the attacks that hit the
capital. On 18 November 2015, police found Abdelhamid Abaoud in hideout in SaintDenis. The militant was planning to conduct a follow-up suicide bombing in Paris. He
was shot and killed by police forces.
Saint-Denis is a stronghold for radical Islamists in the Paris region. Hard-core Islamists
in the area are interested in spreading their ideology and often collude with local
criminal groups to enhance their social power. Some Sunni extremists also cooperate
directly or indirectly with IS militants by conducting recruitment, other support
operations and/or actively planning attacks.
Police have conducted several anti-terrorist raids in the city, and additional raids are
likely to take place in the coming months.
Given the presence of Islamist strongholds, there is a risk that Sunni extremists may
plot attacks against the Saint-Denis area during the Euro 2016 championship. In
addition, there is a risk of lone-wolf incidents that would involve self-radicalised single
assailants. Police will be on the highest level of alert throughout the competition, and
this will diminish the likelihood of any complex or lone-wolf attack from succeeding.
Unrest
Any labour strike or partial walk-out among employees of the RER light-train line B
would have a major negative effect on movement to and from the Stade France
Stadium. The RER line B is the main way of accessing the stadium from Paris.
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Crime
Saint-Denis is among the districts most subject to violent crime in the country. Heavily
armed criminal groups involved in the smuggling of weapons and narcotics have
strongholds in the poorer parts of the city. These areas are mainly concentrated in
major housing projects and are not in the immediate vicinity of the stadium. Criminal
groups also periodically conduct attacks targeting their rivals. These assaults may
involve the use of assault rifles and lead to localised firefights. Muggings and rapes are
also a concern in these areas. The majority of incidents that target travellers and/or
foreigners occur during the night-time hours in poorly lit areas. Vehicles transiting in
Saint-Denis may also be targeted by street gangs posing as beggars, especially at
stoplights.
Criminal activity, both in the form of petty crime and violent assaults, poses a direct
security threat to all those travelling to Saint-Denis for sporting events during the Euro
2016 championship. The football stadium is located near the local business centre and
the RER Stade de France-Saint-Denis stop. Most attendees are likely to be in large
groups in well-policed areas, thus diminishing the risk of exposure to criminal activity.
The criminal risk is especially high during the night-time in RER and metro stations and
in sparsely populated streets. Criminals in Saint-Denis often operate in groups and do
not shy away from using force.
Medical
Hospitals in Saint-Denis are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of
medical assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016
period. Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in
France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
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In Saint-Denis, many foreigners go to the Centre Hospitalier de Saint Denis, located on
Rue du Docteur Delafontaine (Phone: +33(0)142356140). For non-emergency
procedures, those in Saint-Denis are advised to use the American Hospital of Paris.
Transport
Saint Denis is connected to Paris and the Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (CDG) via the
light-rail regional network (RER) lines B and D. The RER line B stop La Plaine Stade de
France is adjacent to the football stadium in Saint-Denis. The city is reachable by the
Paris metro line 13 as well as by three tramway lines. Roads also connect Saint-Denis
to the northern section of the Parisian Boulevard Peripherique and the rest of the
region.
High Risk Games
10 June (France vs. Romania): Opening game – potential high-profile target for terrorist
attack.
16 June (Germany vs. Poland): Risk of higher than normal consumption of alcohol and
potentially confrontational supporters.
SAINT-ETIENNE
Saint-Etienne is located in the central part of France in the Loire department. The
Saint-Etienne metropolitan area has a population of 508,000 people. The city is
situated along the central east-west highway linking Lyon to Toulouse. Saint-EtienneBoutheon Airport (EBU) is a mainly low-cost airport located 12km (7 miles) from the
city centre. The stadium of Saint-Etienne is the Stade Geoffroy Guichard. It has a
capacity of 40,000 seats and is located in the northern part of the city.
Terrorism
Saint-Etienne is subject to the nationwide state of emergency. There is an underlying
risk that Islamist militants may try to conduct attacks in the city. In April 2016, security
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forces conducted training exercises for a potential attack on Stade Geoffroy Guichard
as part of a national readiness program.
Unrest
Periodic labour and anti-government protests lead to localised small- to medium-scale
rallies as well as strikes. The main driver for unrest in the city is linked to the current
opposition to the labour market reform. Throughout April 2016, several protests took
place in the city, mainly in the Place Jules Ferry and Place de l’Hotel de Ville. There is a
risk that additional protests may occur in Saint Etienne throughout June and July. Antiestablishment sit-ins linked to the Nuit Debout movement have also taken place in
Place Jean Jaures in recent months. Given the current social tensions in France, there is
an elevated risk that such protests may lead to additional violent unrest.
Crime
Petty crime will be the main threat faced by those travelling to Saint-Etienne during
the June-July 2016 period. Saint-Etienne is not subject to specific threats linked to
violent crime and/or organised criminal activity.
Medical
Hospitals in Saint-Etienne are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of
medical assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016
period. Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in
France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
In Saint-Etienne, many foreigners go to the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) –
Saint Etienne– Toulouse, located on Avenue Albert Raimond (Phone: +33(0)477828000).
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Transport
The main railway station of Saint-Etienne is Gare de Saint-Etienne-Chateaucreux. It is
connected to the national high-speed train (TGV) network and offers connections to
Paris and Lyon. Regional railway services are also available. The local public
transportation network (STAS) is formed by tramways, trolleybuses and buses and
covers the entirety of the urban territory.
High Risk Games
20 June (Slovakia vs. England): Risk of higher than normal consumption of alcohol and
potentially confrontational supporters.
TOULOUSE
Toulouse is the capital of the Haute-Garonne department in the southwestern MidiPyrenees regions. It is a major national industrial, business and university hub. Toulouse
is connected to the rest of the country via regional and national normal and highspeed train services. The stadium of Toulouse is the Municipal Stadium. It has a
capacity of 33,000 seats and is located in the southern part of the city centre.
Terrorism
Several radical Islamist support networks are present in the wider Toulouse area. Since
November 2015, the city and the region have been subject to several anti-terrorist
raids targeting suspects alleged to support the IS ideology. In January 2016, French
media leaked information reportedly linked to an internal intelligence services (DGSI)
report claiming that the Toulouse airport area is a potential target for terrorist attacks.
In the weeks leading up to the Euro 2016, French police forces are conducting several
training exercises in the Toulouse area to mitigate the threat posed by potential
terrorist attacks. There will be an elevated threat of complex and/or lone-wolf attacks
carried out by Islamist militants in Toulouse during the games. Police and military units
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will be deployed throughout the event in transportation hubs, crowded touristic places,
fan zones and near the Municipal Stadium to protect the city against potential terrorist
plots.
Unrest
In March and April 2016, several anti-government demonstrations took place in
Toulouse as part of the nationwide wave of protests linked to the labour market
reform. Several episodes of violent unrest broke out as police forces clashed with
radicalised far-left participants, especially in the Saint-Cyprien district. Demonstrations
triggered by political and socio-economic issues are expected to remain a potential
driver of unrest and localised disruptions in the city in the coming months. The Nuit
Debout movement may also stage rallies in Toulouse.
Crime
Petty crime is a concern for travellers in Toulouse in June and July 2016. The city crime
rates are in line with the French national ones. Given the high number of visitors in the
city during the Euro 2016, street criminals will likely operate in crowded tourist spots as
well as in the vicinity of fan zones and the Municipal Stadium. Travellers showing
excessive signs of wealth or seemingly unaware of their surroundings are at higher risk
of being targeted.
Medical
Hospitals in Toulouse are up to international standards, and foreigners in need of
medical assistance will be able to receive adequate care throughout the June-July 2016
period. Travellers should make sure their private medical providers cover expenses in
France.
In France, the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) is the national network of public
hospitals with 24/7 emergency coverage.
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In Toulouse, many foreigners go to the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) –
Toulouse, located on rue Viguerie (Phone: +33(0)5 61772233).
Transport
Toulouse is linked to the southwestern French highway network. The city’s urban centre
is fully covered by three lines of light-rail trains as well as tramways and a metro
system. The main airport of Toulouse is the international Toulouse-Blagnac Airport
(TLS), located approximately 6.7km (4.1 miles) northwest of the city.
High Risk Games
Drum Cussac has not identified any high risk games in the initial group stage of the
Euro 2016 championship in Toulouse.
RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
STRATEGIC RISK MITIGATION ADVICE
Drum Cussac has prepared the following advice for security managers in charge of
overseeing personnel travelling to France in June-July 2016 and/or planning to attend
the UEFA Euro 2016 football championship.
• Follow Risk Trends: Security managers should be aware of current risk trends in
France, including criminal activity, political and labour-related unrest and terrorism.
Monitor specific events and warnings in areas visited by travellers, and be aware of
potential triggers for unrest and security operations. Managers should identify
preferred information gathering channels such as government websites, local media
and private security providers to pro-actively receive reports concerning the evolution
of key risk trends in the areas visited by travellers.
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• Traveller Locate Capabilities: Internal travel policies should be in place enabling
prompt location of travellers in case of need. This can be done by discussing journey
plans with travellers prior to their journeys, setting up periodic check-in protocols (via
email or SMS) or by using professional tracking software. Managers should have a full
detailed list of their travellers that includes up-to-date contact details and places in
which they will be staying. As part of a pre-travel planning phase, managers should
develop two-way communication protocols to successfully engage with travellers in
case of crisis.
• Pre-Travel Training Sessions: Managers are advised to organise pre-travel safety and
security sessions as part of their companywide duty of care policy. These sessions
should cover the risk trends in France, specific travel risks associated with movement in
France in June and July 2016 and company business travel risk management policies
and procedures to follow in case of incidents and/or crisis. Pre-travel training should
provide travellers and managers with the opportunity to discuss openly the company’s
understanding of safety and security risks and be a potential link between the
company and their security and medical private service providers.
• Monitor Government Advice: Pro-actively monitor advice and travel warnings issued
by governments regarding France during the June-July 2016 period. Special attention
should be given to the national government of the business entity, governments
related to the nationality of travelling employees and advisories issued by French
authorities. The majority of French advice or warnings are issued by the Ministry of
Interior. These should be incorporated into a wider company travel risk policy aimed at
assessing the safety and security risks faced by the travellers.
• Engage Private Security Providers: Security managers should put in place a
preferred line of communication with their private security providers to receive up-todate intelligence pertaining to the evolution of strategic risk trends and location-
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specific tactical risks. Security providers can support the company to define a travel risk
policy tailored to the managers’ and travellers’ risk profile and journey specifics.
TRAVEL RISK MITIGATION ADVICE
Drum Cussac has prepared the following advice for individuals planning to travel to
France in June-July 2016 and/or to attend the UEFA Euro 2016 football championship.
• Monitor Local Media: Travellers should pro-actively monitor French media as these
are the best sources of easily available and confirmed information. Le Monde and Le
Figaro have live newsfeeds and mobile phone applications providing alert options for
any major development. Amid elevated security concerns, rumours and false warnings
may cause panic in public places. In order to diminish the risk of exposure to incorrect
information, travellers in France in June and July 2016 should get information from
trustworthy local media. Every city in which the Euro 2016 competition will take place
has specific local newspapers available in hard copy and online. These are useful to
identify local developments that may affect travel.
• Prepare Journey Plans in Advance: Travellers are advised to carefully study the map
of the area of the city in which they will be staying. Identify the nearest hospital, police
station and public transportation stops. Route the fastest way to arrive to the stadium
or the fan zone prior to the beginning of the game, as well as the best way to return
to the hotel when the event is finished. Allow extra time to travel throughout the city
on game days, as there will likely be an enhanced demand for taxis and a higher
volume of passengers on public transportation.
• Learn Basic French Sentences: The majority of people with which travellers will
interact during the Euro 2016 football championship period will have at least a basic
knowledge of English. However, it is strongly advised to learn some basic French
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sentences. It would be helpful for travellers to understand sentences linked to
transportation and security announcements, as these may initially be issued in French
and be repeated in English only after a brief delay.
• Abide by Security Directives: Travellers should at all times promptly adhere to any
orders issued by local police and security officials in charge of securing stadiums and
public places. Directives are generally issued in French and English. Travellers should
respect all movement restrictions and evacuation orders issued in case of a security
warning. Most French police officers will have at least a basic knowledge of English; as
such, travellers should not hesitate to ask for information and/or clarification in regard
to security announcements.
• Good Situational Awareness: Travellers should remain vigilant and cognisant of their
surroundings at all times. They should avoid showing excessive signs of wealth such as
smartphones, large amounts of cash, flashy jewellery, electronics and other luxury
items. Personnel should avoid using public transportation services alone during the
night-time and minimise time spent in small and poorly lit streets. Travellers should
promptly report to local police forces any suspicious individual, vehicle or package and
vacate the area.
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Disclaimer
Drum Cussac Group Ltd makes no representation, warranties or assurance against risk with
respect to the contents or use of this document, and specifically disclaims any express or implied
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Drum Cussac is a global consultancy delivering intelligence-led, technology-enabled risk, security and crisis management solutions to leading
international organisations. Our specialist operations teams are recognised experts in providing a highly responsive and proactive resource in
challenging and demanding situations.
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