Classification of Matter
HAPPY FRIDAYYYYYY 
Physical Science
Please leave computers closed
right now
What is Matter?????
ANYTHING, that has mass and
volume (takes up space)
HOW WOULD YOU CLASSIFY
THESE TYPES OF MATTER?
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How could you sort these and classify
them?:
A
bin of markers?
 A deck of cards?
 A lot filled with new cars?
How Do We Classify Matter in
Science?????
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Scientists like to classify things.
It wouldn’t help too much to just classify
matter based on their color or smell….
One way that scientists classify matter
is by its composition (what it is made
of).
Ultimately, all matter can be classified as
Mixtures or Pure Substances.
Classifying MATTER- we must
start by knowing that …….
The building blocks of all matter
are elements (like on the periodic
table)
Atoms are the smallest unit of
an element that maintains the
properties of that element
For example,
one atom of gold (Au) is
still gold, but if you
broke the atom into
smaller pieces,
it wouldn’t be gold
Pure Substances
An Element is a pure substances
made of only one type of atom
For example,
O2 C Ca
He
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Pure Substances
Compounds
A compound is a substance that
is made from the atoms of two
or more elements that are
chemically combined.
Examples: NaCl (salt)
H2O (water)
Classification of Matter
by Composition
All matter can be classified into two
categories: Pure Substances or
Mixtures
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Classification of Matter
by Composition
A pure substance is a single
substance with fixed composition
and constant properties
Gold, Calcium, Hydrogen, Sugar
Salt, Calcium Carbonate
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Classifying Pure Substances
PURE
Mixtures
SUBSTANCE
Homogeneous
ELEMENT
(Solutions)
Heterogeneous
COMPOUND
Pure Substances
An Element is a pure substances
made of only one type of atom
For example,
O2 C Ca
He
12
Pure Substances
Compounds
A compound is a substance that
is made from the atoms of two
or more elements that are
chemically combined.
Examples: NaCl (salt)
H2O (water)
Classifying Mixtures
Mixtures
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
(Solutions)
Colloid
Suspension
Classification of Mixtures
homogeneous = mixture that has
uniform composition throughout
AKA: Solution
Every piece of a sample has identical
characteristics, though another sample
with the same components may have
different characteristics.
atoms or molecules mixed uniformly
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Homogeneous Mixtures
(Solutions)
• Solutions
– Appear Uniform
– Mixed particles are
dissolved and so small
that they don’t reflect
light (scattering).
– Nothing settles out over
time.
– Nothing filters out.
– Can be in solid, liquid,
or gas form!
Examples of homogeneous
mixtures
Milk, toothpaste, and mayonnaise are homogeneous
mixtures.
Classifying Mixtures
Mixtures
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
(Solutions)
Colloid
Suspension
Classification of Mixtures
heterogeneous = mixture that does not
have uniform composition throughout–
you can see the different parts
contains regions within the sample with
different characteristics
atoms or molecules not mixed uniformly
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Heterogeneous mixtures
You can see the particles that make
it up.
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Sand and pebbles
Oil and water
Cereal
Heterogeneous Mixtures – 2 types
Heterogeneous
• Colloids
– Looks uniform but
particles aren’t really
dissolved. Particles
are still large enough
to scatter light. Looks
cloudy when light goes
through it.
• Suspensions
– Don’t look uniform,
filters, settles out
over time, and
particles scatter
light.
Heterogeneous Mixtures – 2 types
Heterogeneous or
solution
(homogeneous)?
• How can we tell if a
mixture is truly
homogeneous or
heterogeneous?
• SHINE A LIGHT
THROUGH IT AND
YOU WILL KNOW!
Tyndall Effect
This is the scattering
of light reflecting off
little particles.
Solution: cannot see
beam of light
Heterogeneous: you
can see beam of light
(reflecting off litte
particles)
Density
Density –
More dense objects will sink when
compared to less dense objects.
What do you think has the highest
density?
WATER, OIL, MOLASSES?
Good Morning!!
For your warmup, please
use your notes to figure out
the matching section of the
handout (back of sheet)
Also, if you have any
pennies with you, please
donate during the class….
Density
Density – How much
matter is contained in
a certain volume
D=mass/volume
What is more dense,
a cup of unpopped
popcorn kernels or a
cup of popped
popcorn?
You will need
*Graduated Cylinder
*Pennies
*Paper Towels
*One lab sheet per pair
Please be sure to dry your
pennies after you take them out
of the water.