Study Island
Copyright © 2014 Edmentum - All rights reserved.
Generation Date: 04/03/2014
Generated By: Cheryl Shelton
Title: Science- Biology -Evolution
1. Examine the evolutionary diagram below. What does the diagram imply about the peafowl and
the chicken?
A. They are unrelated.
B. They descended from early mammals.
C. They did not evolve from older forms of life.
D. They share a recent common ancestor.
2.
Some species that appear to be very different from other species can actually have similar
anatomy. For example, scientists believe that whales evolved from land mammals. One reason
for this is the presence of several functionless hind-limb bones still found internally in a number
of whale species.
What is the term for a reduced, often functionless anatomical structure that serves as evidence of
an organism's evolutionary past?
A. vestigial structure
B. trace structure
C. absorbed structure
D. homologous structure
3. The study of embryological similarities and differences among species is called _______.
A. cooperative anatomy
B. investigative neurology
C. comparative embryology
D. developmental psychology
4. The study of structural differences and similarities among living things is called _______.
A. comparative anatomy
B. embryology
C. neurology
D. comparative biochemistry
5.
Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format.
6. The front leg of an iguana and the wing of a bird look different, but both limbs likely evolved
from the same limb of a shared ancestor.
Structures such as these are said to be _______.
A. differentiated
B. heterogeneous
C. vestigial
D. homologous
7. Look at the representation of a hillside below. The symbols in each stratus of the cross-section
represent fossils of different organisms. Which of the following organisms must have evolved
first?
%*^^*
%$$$###*****
$***$$####@
%###@@!!!!**
@<<<<<++++==
A. $
B. #
C. *
D. @
8.
Comparison: Percentage Match of Blood Protein Structure Among Four Organisms
Organism
Organism
A
B
C
D
A
Not Applicable
76%
65%
60%
B
76%
Not Applicable
85%
51%
C
65%
85%
Not Applicable
77%
60%
51%
77%
Not Applicable
D
The structure of a certain blood protein was compared among four organisms. Each organism
was compared to each of the other organisms. The level that any two protein structures match
can be found at intersection of the rows and columns.
Based on the data, which of the following organisms are most closely related by evolution?
A. C and B
B. B and D
C. A and B
D. D and C
9. Examine the evolutionary diagram below. What does the diagram imply about the peafowl and
field mouse?
A. They are unrelated.
B. They share a remote common ancestor.
C. They share a recent common ancestor.
D. They did not evolve from older forms of life.
10. Comparative biochemistry is the study of similarities and differences in _______ among
organisms.
A. vestigial structures
B. homologous structures
C. development
D. DNA sequences
11.
Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format.
12.
Look at the organisms in the image above. Which of the following organisms are most closely
related evolutionarily?
A. fish and clam
B. fish and starfish
C. crab and starfish
D. starfish and sand dollar
13. Based on the theory of evolution, if a population possesses a large amount of genetic variety,
what level of variety can be expected in the future for that same population?
A. The population will maintain the same level of genetic variety.
B. The population will increase in variety over time.
C. The population will become more specialized in one particular direction.
D. The population will tend to become extinct.
14. Scientists know that organisms that are more closely related will have DNA sequences more
similar to each other than organisms that are distantly related. Which two organisms below
would most likely have the fewest similar nucleotide sequences in a given gene?
A. alligator and earthworm
B. orangutan and howler monkey
C. lion and horse
D. scorpion and tarantula
15. Which of the following statements is true of evolution?
A. Limited resources discourage the evolution of species.
B. Earth's present-day species evolved from older, identical species.
C. Evolution does not always progress in one set direction.
D. all of these
16. Evolution is likely to occur because of
I. the potential for a species' population to increase.
II. genetic differences in offspring.
III. a limited supply of necessary resources.
IV. selection of offspring that are best able to survive.
A. II and III only
B. I, II, III, and IV
C. I, II, and III only
D. II and IV only
17. Nearly all mammals have seven cervical (neck) vertebrae. This fact implies that
A. all animals can turn their heads the same amount.
B. predators prefer to eat animals with either six or eight cervical vertebrae.
C. all mammals have to stretch their necks to obtain food.
D. all mammals descended from a common ancestor.
18. Which of the following facts implies that humans and fish had a common ancestor?
A. Both species are consumers.
B. Both species have the ability to swim.
C. Both species must expel waste materials.
D. Both species have gill slits when they are embryos.
19.
Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format.
20.
W.
X.
Y.
Z.
The figures above show the forelimb structure of four extinct species of crawling animals. The
circles represent wrist bones, and the digits extend from the wrist.
All living descendants of this group have three digits attached to a single wrist bone. Based on
the evidence provided, which species diverged from the common ancestor earliest?
A. Y
B. X
C. W
D. Z
21.
Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format.
22. The human appendix is a _______ structure that suggests that humans evolved from planteating ancestors.
A. vestigial
B. essential
C. behavioral
D. embryonic
23. According to the theory of _______, most of Earth's current species developed from
distinctly different species which existed earlier in time.
A. biological evolution
B. spontaneous generation
C. definite composition
D. conservation of matter