Notes: SOCIAL STUDIES-5 FEP
PAKISTAN
LESSON:05
LATITUDE 7 LONGITUDE
P:22
1. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
QUESTION No. 1
In which direction do the lines of latitude run?
ANSWER:
The lines of latitude run from east to west.
QUESTION No.2
What are parallels?
ANSWER:
The lines of latitude are called parallels.
QUESTION No.3
From what point do we measure latitude?
ANSWER:
we measure latitude from o degree (nought degree)
to 90 degree.
QUESTION No.4
In which direction do the lines of longitude run?
ANSWER:
The lines of longitude run from north to south.
QUESTION No.5
What are meridians?
ANSWER:
The lines of longitude are called meridians.
QUESTION No.6
What is the prime meridian?
ANSWER:
Positions of longitude are calculated 180° east
and west of one line called the prime meridian.
This meridian is described as longitude 0 degrees
(written O”).
QUESTION No.7
Through which city does the prime meridian pass?
ANSWER:
The prime meridian passes through Greenwich in
London.
QUESTION No.8
What do the lines of longitude and latitude help
us to establish?
ANSWER:
The lines of latitude and longitude make it
possible for
us to be very precise when we want to say where a
particular place IS.
The combination of meridians and parallels
establishes a
framework or grid by means of which exact
positions can be deter- mined with reference to
the prime meridian and the
equator.
1. FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. ——————————circle the globe from east
to west.
2.———————run from the North Pole to the South Pole.
3.The lines of latitude are also called——————–
4.The lines of longitude are also called——————–
5.The equator is the starting point
for————————————————————————6.The prime meridian is the starting point
for———————————————————————————
ANSWERS: (1- latitude ) (2- longitude ) (3- equator
) (4- meridian ) (5- 90) (6- 180)
LESSON:06
AUSTRALIA
P:29
1. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
QUESTION No. 1
Where is Australia situated?
ANSWER:
Australia is a country and also a continent. It
covers the area of 7,686,844 km.
It is surrounded by the Indian Ocean to the west,
and the Pacific Ocean to the north, the east and
the south.
QUESTION No.2
Why is Australia unlike most parts of the world?
ANSWER:
Australia is unlike most other parts of the
world.
QUESTION No.3
What type of climate does Australia have?
ANSWER:
Australia has an extremely dry climate.
QUESTION No.4
Describe the three land areas of Australia?
ANSWER:
Australia is divided basically into three land
areas:
1.
the Western Plateau,
2.
the Central Lowlands, and
3.
the Eastern Highlands.
QUESTION No.5
What is the Great Barrier Reef?
ANSWER:
THE GREAT BARRIER REEF:
The Great Barrier Reef is series of reefs or
banks of coral. It is 2,000 km long and is the
longest coral reef in the world.
QUESTION No.6
Which type of plants are found in Australia?
ANSWER:
A great many of the trees in Australia are
eucaIyptus -evergreen trees with bluish, waxy
leaves.
Cacia trees are also common here.
QUESTION No.7
Which type of animals are particular to
Australia?
ANSWER:
Australia has a number of animals that are not
found anywhere else in the world. Animals found
only in
Australia include many marsupials. These animals
carry their young in pouches. The best known
marsupial is the kangaroo.
Others include the flying squirrel and the koala.
Monotremes are mammals which lay eggs. They live
only in Australia and New Guinea. The best known
monotremes are the Duck-billed platypus and the
spiny anteater.
QUESTION No.8
Name the states of Australia?
ANSWER:
Today Australia consists of six
states:
1.
New South Wales,
2.
Queensland,
3.
South Australia,
4.
Tasmania,
5.
6.
A.
Victoria and
Western Australia.
There are also two separate territories:
The Northern Territory, which is not a state
because it is sparsely inhabited.
B. The Australian Capital Territory, which
contains Canberra, the federal capital of
Australia.
1. FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. ————————————–carry their babies in pouches.
2. ————————————–are mammals which lay eggs.
3. In 1770,————————————-discovered Australia.
4. The first people to live in Australia were the
———————————5. —————————is Australia’s main source of wealth.
6. More than half of the people of Australia live
in—————————————7.
Australia became an independent country
in—————————
8.
The federal capital of Australia
is,——————————————ANSWERS: (1- marsupials) (2- Monotremes) (3- James
Cook) (4- aborigines) (5- farming )
(6- the ten
larqest cities and towns)(7-1901)(8- Canberra)
LESSON:07 THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
P: 33
1. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
QUESTION No. 1
Why did the ancient civilizations flourish In
river valleys?
ANSWER:
It was the river Indus that provided the rich
soil
upon which one of the earliest and greatest
civilizations grew.
The Indus Valley covered an area larger than any
other civilization until the creation of the
Roman Empire.
QUESTION No.2
What were the main cities of the Indus
civilization?
ANSWER:
Its two biggest cities are Mohenjodaro and
Harappa. These chief cities were inhabited from
about 2500 B.C., to about 1501 B.C.
QUESTION No.3
What type of people lived In this civilization?
ANSWER:
The people lived In this civilization were of
dark skins and flat noses. They were described in
Aryan legends
as Dasas, which meant hated enemy; according to
some other sources, the word means slave.
The Inuds Valley was well populated and the
people lived in closely packed communities.
QUESTION No.4
How were the buildings and streets planned?
ANSWER:
The buildings were planned in regular rectangular
blocks. The size was about 365 by 185 metres.
They had wide main streets between each block.
The buildings had drainage and lanes with street
drains running between them.
Houses were built around the citadel, which was
the center of government.
QUESTION No.5
Why were the cities not fortified?
ANSWER:
They were peaceful people. The Indus civilization
had little to fear from foreign invaders. That is
why, the cities were not fortified.
QUESTION No.6
How was the society ruled?
ANSWER:
The society was ruled by a fairly large number of
wealthy citizens and traders.
QUESTION No.7
What metals did these people use?
ANSWER:
The people of Indus civilization used bronze and
made jewellery of silver, ivory and gold.
QUESTION No.8
How did the Indus people perish?
ANSWER:
Aryan invaded and brought about destruction of
Indus civilization. As a result, the Indus people
perish.
1. FILL IN THE BLANKS
1.
The Indus Civilization flourished
from—————————————
2.
The buildings were made of———————
3.
———————— was of great importance.
4.
The Indus religion centered round a—————————
5.
The Indus civilization came to an end
in—————————–
6.
The——————————–were highly civilized.
ANSWERS: (1- about 2500 B.C., to about 1501
B.C.) (2-fire bricks) (3- Cleanliness) (4- a mother
goddess) (5-.About 1500 B.C. )
(6- Indus people)
LESSON:08
OUR HISTROY
1. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
P:38
QUESTION No. 1
What does the word Pakistan mean and who coined
it?
ANSWER:
The word Pakistan comprises words from every
province, and means “the land of Paks” – the
spiritually clean and pure. It was coined by
Chaudhry Rahmat Ali.
QUESTION No.2
Do you know when Islam was introduced in the
Indian Subcontinent?
ANSWER:
Islam was introduced here about 1200 years ago
when Arab Muslims arrived in the Indian
Subcontinent in 712 A.D. under the 17-year-old
General Mohammad Bin Qasim.
QUESTION No.3
How did the Subcontinent come under the fold of
the British Empire?
ANSWER:
In the beginning of the seventeenth century,
European trading companies entered the
Subcontinent of Asia for trading purposes, but
started to establish themselves permanently by
taking advantage of the weak socio-political
conditions.
Gradually the Subcontinent was included in the
British Empire.
QUESTION No.4
Why did it become necessary for Muslims to have a
separate Muslim state?
ANSWER:
The Muslims of the Subcontinent were maltreated
by the British rulers, while the Hindus were
preferred in every field.
Muslims, fearing that their culture and religion
would be
submerged.
So, it become necessary for Muslims to have a
separate Muslim state. They
started a political
movement demanding a separate Muslim state.
QUESTION No.5
Describe the resolution of Pakistan?
ANSWER:
The Pakistan Resolution was passed on 23rd March,
1940, at Minto Park Lahore, where the Minar-ePakistan now stands.
This resolution demanded two independent states
in the Subcontinent:
-India with a Hindu majority, and
-Pakistan with a Muslim majority.
QUESTION No.6
Where is Pakistan located in the Subcontinent?
ANSWER:
Pakistan is situated in the continent of Asia
with;
a.
India to the east
b.
China and the USSR to the north
c.
Afghanistan is situated on north western.
d.
Iran on the western borders of Pakistan.
There are five provinces in Pakistan;
1.
Punjab,
2.
Sind,
3.
Baluchistan
4.
Khyber Pakhtoon Khaw and
5.
Gilgat Baltistan.
QUESTION No.7
Draw a map of’ Pakistan and show its rivers. Look
the rivers up in the Atlas?
ANSWER:
1. FILL IN THE BLANKS
1.
2.
3.
Our country Pakistan is situated in ———————–
Pakistan came into being on ——————————–
The Subcontinent was the home of the ancient
civilizations of ——————–and———————
4.
In the middle of the 6th century B.C. the
area was
invaded by ——————————–
5.
The Muslims rule began to weaken after the
death of the Mughal ruler ————————————
6.
There are —————————— provinces
namely —————————————7.
Pakistan has an area of —————————–
8.
The climate is tropical in the———————–owing to the Arabian Sea and ————————–in
the northern hills.
ANSWERS: (1- Southern Asia) (2- August 14, 1947)
(3- Indus Valley civilization and Gandhara) (4Aryans, the Greeks, and the Persians.) (5Aurangzeb. )
(6-five, Punjab, Sind, Baluchistan,
Khyber Pakhtoon Khaw and Gilgat Baltistan. ) (7796,095 square kilometres)
(8- southern plains,
temperate)