The 4th Northeast Asia Energy Security
Forum 2016
Seoul, December 15 2016
Renewable potential in Gobi desert, Gobitec and Asian
Super Grid Initiative
Yeren-Ulzii Batmunkh, Senior Officer, Ministry of
Energy, Mongolia
Contents
 Renewable Potential in Gobi Desert
 Wind, Solar
 Gobitec Initiative
 Idea, Concept
 Towards Asian Super Grid
 Rationale, What is next
 Concluding
 Lessons to be learned, recommendations
www.energy.gov.mn
www.energy.gov.mn
www.energy.gov.mn
Solar
– Solar: 270-300 sunny days in a year, 4.3-4.7 kWh/meter or higher per day
Estimated kWh/ m2/day
3.4
3.8
4.1
4.5
5.4
Total
Applicable land (km2)
5,269.5
3,924.7
4,210.6
4,514.8
5,541.9
23,461.5
Total Power: GWh/yea
654,000
544,000
630,000
742,000
1,092,000
4,774,000
www.energy.gov.mn
•Source: US National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Renewable Energy Center of Mon
Renewable Potential in Gobi Desert
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
and the US Department of Energy
estimates the overall potential for
installed renewable energy by 2,600
TWh, only for the Mongolian part of the
Gobi desert. This divides into 1,100 TWh
wind energy potential and 1,500 TWh
solar power potential per year.
Therefore after an estimation, 3% of the
Gobi area would be enough, which
includes around 1,3 Mio. km² to produce
more than 21.400 TWh of energy in one
year. Calculations existed, that this energy
production per year would have been
enough to serve the energy demand of the
whole world in the year 2008.
www.energy.gov.mn
7
The DESERTEC Concept (for EU-MENA)
www.energy.gov.mn
The SEATEC Concept (for Northern Europe)
European offshore super grid: Transmitting electricity through HVDC interconnectors within
Northern Europe Source: European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) 2009 / 2010
www.energy.gov.mn
GOBITEC and Asian Super Grid INITIATIVE
(NORTHEAST ASIA)
•9
•9
www.energy.gov.mn
•Resource: “GOBITEC AND ASIAN SUPER GRID FOR RENEWABLE ENERGIES IN NORTHEAST ASIA” Report 2014
•Ази, номхон далайн бүсийн орнуудын хүрээнд
эрчим хүчний
нэгдсэн
систем
байгуулах
санаачлагууд
COAL
OIL
NATURAL
GAS
ELECTRICITY
Energy Demand Outlook
in NEA
406
RUSSIA
310
257
Currently, NEAsian region
use 1/5 and countries use
1/4 of world energy supply
506
159
126
103
69
2015
2030
9
3
1
0
2015
1
3
0
2
2035
MONGOLIA
2240
1708
66
CHINA
45
2010
DPRKOREA
787
754
552
500
67
94
76
43
40
93
39
400
111
164
2015
185
49
2015
2035
101 86
129
152
129
92
KOREA 2035
•10
2015
JAPAN 2035
•Unit: Mtoe
•Source: ADB 2013
www.energy.gov.mn
Road to Very Large Scale PV
 MW-scale PV system
 100MW PV system
: already ‘proven’
 GW-scale PV plant
: within a decade!
: now realizing!
GW-scale to ‘TW electricity’
Src: 'Potential of Very Large Scale PV Systems', Workshop on Super Grid in North-East Asia, Busan, Korea, 28
March 2013
www.energy.gov.mn
HVDC projects in Worldwide
HVDC technology is not new, there has been realized many projects
Hällsjön
Nelson River 2
FennoSkan 1&2
Hagfors
Highgate
Estlink
Troll
CU-project
Châteauguay
Vancouver Island
Pole 1
Skagerrak 1-3
Gotland 1-3
Outaouais
Valhall
Gotland Light
QuebecNew England
NorNed
SwePol
Konti-Skan
Baltic Cable
Tjæ reborg
Kontek
BorWin1
Hülünbeir- Liaoning
EWIP
English
Channel
Lingbao II Extension
Three Gorges-Changzhou
Dürnrohr
Sardinia-Italy
Italy-Greece
Three Gorges-Shanghai
Rapid City
Sapei
Square Butte
Cross Sound
Gezhouba-Shanghai
Eagle Pass
Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
Pacific Intertie
Pacific Intertie
Upgrading
Sharyland
ChaPad
Vizag II
Pacific Intertie
Expansion
Rio Madeira
Intermountain
Inga-Shaba
IPP Upgrade
Itaipu
Rihand-Delhi
Sakuma
Three Gorges-Guandong
Leyte-Luzon
Broken Hill
Vindhyachal
Caprivi Link
New Zealand 1&2
Apollo Upgrade
Blackwater
Cahora Bassa
Brazil-Argentina
Interconnection I&II
Source: Navigant Research, 2014
Directlink
www.energy.gov.mn
Murraylink
HVDC projects in China
Humeng – Shandong
(The year means project in operation)
800kV, 6400 MW, 2015
Humeng - Tianjing
Irkutsk (Russia) - Beijing
800kV, 6400 MW, 2016
800kV, 6400 MW, 2015
Ningxia - Tianjing
Russia
3000 MW, 2010
Hami – C. China
800kV, 6400 MW, 2018
Xianjiaba – Shanghai
800kV, 6400 MW, 2011
NEPG
Heilongjiang
NW-Sichuan
3000 MW, 2011
Xinjiang
Inner Mongolia
NCPG
Gansu
BtB Northeast-North (Gaoling)
Hebei
NWPG
Xiluodu - Hunan
800kV, 6400 MW, 2014
Jinsha River II – East China
Qinghai
Xizang
Shanxi
Ningxia
Shaanxi
Sichuan &
Chongqing
1500 MW, 2008
Shandong
North Shaanxi-Shandong
3000 MW, 2011
Jiangsu
Henan Anhui
BtB Shandong - East
ECPG
CCPG
Shanghai
1200 MW, 2011
Hubei
BtB North - Central
Zhejiang
1000 MW, 2012
800kV, 6400 MW, 2012
Jiangxi
Hunan
Jinsha River II – East China
Fujian
SCPG
Guangxi
Yunnan
Jinsha River II - Fujian
800kV, 6400 MW, 2018
Nuozhadu-Guangdong
Gezhouba-Shanghai Expansion
3000 MW, 2011
Taiwan
Guizhou
800kV, 6400 MW, 2019
800kV, 5000-6000 MW, 2015
Hulunbeir (Inner Mongolia)
- Shenyang
3000 MW, 2010
Liaoning
Beijing
Tianjin
FarEast (Russia) – NE China
3000 MW, 2010
Humeng - Liaoning
800kV, 6400 MW, 2018
Jilin
(Baoji – Deyang)
Xiluodu - Hanzhou
800kV, 6400 MW, 2015
800kV, 6400 MW, 2016
Jingping – East China
BtB China-Russia (HeiHe)
750 MW, 2008
Jinghong-Thailand
Hainan
3000MW, 2013
Lingbao BtB Expansion
750 MW, 2009
Goupitan - Guangdong
3000 MW, 2016
Yunnan - Guangdong
Guangdong
800kV, 5000 MW, 2009
Bangkok
•China has accumulated huge experience for constructing the long distance HVDC lines
Source: Navigant Research, 2014
www.energy.gov.mn
GOBITEC INITIATIVE
AND (NORTHEAST) ASIAN SUPERGRIG
The main goal of the Gobitec initiative and (Northeast) Asian
Supergrid is:
- To build sustainable energy
infrastructure
based
on
renewable
energy
sources,
wherein electricity produced from
the vast potential of renewable
energy in Gobi desert and
Siberia would be transmitted
through HVDC Supergrid to all
countries of the Northeast Asia.
www.energy.gov.mn
GOBITEC INITIATIVE
AND (NORTHEAST) ASIAN SUPERGRIG
First study published in
2014; partners:
• ECS (Brussels)
• KEEI (Korea)
• ESI (Russia)
• MoE (Mongolia)
• JREF (Japan)
• Fraunhofer ISI
• Fraunhofer ISE
www.energy.gov.mn
 GOBITEC/ASG system is composed of 4 parts ….
① Solar/Wind Farms for NRE Generation
② Collecting system for Generation Sites
③ Cross-border transmission system (ASG)
④ Connecting system to Each Countries
Conceptual
Configurations on GOBITEC+ASG
www.energy.gov.mn
Second stage of the study
ADB approved Technical Assistance to Mongolia:
 TA name: Strategy for Northeast Asia Power System
Interconnection
 TA purpose: Prepare action plan and road map for power

interconnection in the Northeast Asia
TA amount: $1.75 million funded by
(i) Climate Change Fund,
(ii) The PRC Regional Cooperation, and Poverty Reduction
Fund, and
(iii)ROK e-Asia and Knowledge Partnership Fund
 Implemented period: 2016 to 2018 (25 months)
www.energy.gov.mn
Second stage of the study
TA activities
Assess power systems and markets in NE Asia - conduct analytical
studies including political, economic, technical, institutional and legal
aspects
Conduct wind and solar resource assessment of Mongolia and develop
renewable energy capacity expansion plan for power export
Identify projects and develop investment plan
Initiate regional knowledge and investment platform that promotes
regional power interconnection participated by nongovernment
organizations, research institutes, and the private sector
Raise awareness and build consensus through workshops and
conferences in Mongolia, PRC, ROK, and Japan.
www.energy.gov.mn
To move forward
- NEA countries are strongly pushing forward the large scale utilization of
RE power sources and has accumulated sufficient experiences for
constructing the long distance HVDC lines, particularly China, which are
very important basic for development of supergrids at regional level in
Northeast Asia
 There are has been accumulated a huge analytical studies & researches
for development and construction of long distance transnational HVDC
Supergrids in Asia, which concludes that ASG is one of the feasible option
for energy integration and technology is proven and available
 An important issue is that there is an increasing understanding about the
need to intensify high level policy dialogue among government of
Northeast Asian countries on energy connectivity and it’s economic and
financial benefits
www.energy.gov.mn
Thank you for your attention
Main Information Sources:
• Gobitec and Asian Super Grid for
Renewable Energies in Northeast Asia,
2014
• www.gobitec.org
www.energy.gov.mn