APA Style Quick Guide
This guide is based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th
edition (Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2010). Use the Reference style
for items listed alphabetically at the end of the research paper. The In-Text style is for the same
items referred to in the body of the paper. Include page numbers in the In-Text style only when
quoting from a source. When paraphrasing from a source, omit the In-Text page numbers. )
Also, after the first line, citations should be indented 1/2 inch on the references list.
For additional examples, please refer to the Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL)'s APA Style
Guide or to the print Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th
edition (Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2010) Call Number: Ref
BF76.7 P83 2010). See also the Frequently Asked Questions page on the APA Style website.
APA Style Guide - Books
APA Style Guide – Journal & Magazine Articles
APA Style Guide - Electronic Resources
APA Style Guide - Other Resources
APA Style Guide - Books
Books (One Author)
Reference:
Leopold, Aldo. (1979). A Sand county almanac. New York, NY: Ballantine,
In-Text:
(Leopold, 1979, p.25)
Books (Two to Three Authors)
Reference:
Strunk, W., Jr., & White, E. B. (1979). The elements of style (3rd ed.). New York, NY:
Macmillan.
In-Text: (Strunk & White, 1979, p.43)
In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by "et al and for sources
with six or more authors.
In-Text: (Strunk et al., 1979)
Books (Corporate Author)
Reference:
American Medical Association. (2009) The American Medical Association encyclopedia of
medicine. New York, NY: Random.
In-Text: (American Medical Association, 2009, p.133)
No author or editor:
Reference:
Peterson's annual guide to two year colleges. (1999) Princeton, NJ: Peterson's Guides.
In-Text: (Peterson’s annual guide, 1999, p.456)
Book Chapter
Reference:
Carey, J. P. (2001). Issues in Psychology. In L.L. Adler & U.P. Gielen (Eds.), Cross-cultural
topics in psychology (2nd ed.) (pp. 201-212). Westport, CT : Praeger.
In-Text: (Carey, 2001, p.202)
Reference Book
Reference:
Warren, S. A. (2007). Wetlands. In Encyclopedia of Environment (Vol. 1 pp. 202-207). Boston,
MA: Gale.
In-Text: (Warren, 2007, p. 204)
APA Style Guide – Journal & Magazine Articles
Scholarly Journal Article (One Author)
Reference:
Stapp, Paul. (2010) Long-term Studies of Small Mammal Communities in Arid and Semiarid
Environments. Journal of Mammalogy 91 773-775.
In-Text: (Stapp, 2010, p774-775)
Journal Article (Two or more Authors)
Reference:
Ice, George, G, Erik G. Schilling, & Jeff G. Vowell. (2010). Trends for Forestry Best
Management Practices Implementation. Journal of Forestry 108, 267-274.
In-Text: First citation (Ice, Schilling & Vowell, 2010, p. 268)
In-Text : after first citation use ( Ice et al., 2010, p. 270-274)
Magazine Article (No Author)
Reference:
The blood business. (1992, September 11). Time, 97, 47-48.
In-Text: ("Blood Business," 1992, p.47)
Magazine Article (One Author)
Reference:
Kandel, E.R. (2000, November 10). Neuroscience: Breaking down scientific barriers to the study
of brain and mind. Science, 290, 1113-1120.
In-Text: (Kandel, 2000, p.1119)
Newspaper Article
Reference:
Amazing Amazon region. (1989, January 12). New York Times, pp. D11, D14.
In-Text: ("Amazing Amazon region," 1989, p. D11)
APA Style Guide - Electronic Resources
Electronic Book
Davis, J. (n.d.). Familiar birdsongs of the Northwest. 2005. Available from
Netlibrary MnPals Plus at http://plus.mnpals.net/
In-Text: (Davis, 2005)
Electronic Journal Article (From Database)
Reference:
Jacobson, J. J. & Schwartz, A. A. (1995). A history of facilitated communication: Science, pseudoscience,
and antiscience. American Psychologist, 50, 750-765. Retrieved from
Gale Expanded Academic ASAP.
In-Text: (Jacobson & Schwartz, 1995, p. 755)
Electronic Journal Article (Duplicate of Print Version)
Reference:
Vanden, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J. (2001). Role of reference elements in the selection of resources
by psychology undergraduates [Electronic version]. Journal of Bibliographic Research, 5, 117123.
In-Text: (Vanden et al., 2001, p. 120)
Government report, accessed online
Congressional Budget Office. (2008). Effects of gasoline prices on driving behavior and vehicle markets:
A CBO study (CBO Publication No. 2883). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved
from http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/88xx/doc8893/01-14-GasolinePrices.pdf
In text: ( Congressional Budget Office, 2008)
Web site
National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2008). Biofuels. Retrieved May 6, 2008, from
http://www.nrel.gov/learning/re_biofuels.html
In-Text: (National Renewable Energy, 2008)
APA Style Guide - Other Resources
Television broadcast
Anderson, R., & Morgan, C. (Producers). (2008, June 20). 60 Minutes [Television broadcast].
Washington, DC: CBS News.
In-Text: (Anderson, 2008)
Videocassette/DVD
Achbar, M. (Director/Producer), Abbott, J. (Director), Bakan, J. (Writer), & Simpson, B. (Producer)
(2004). British Columbia [DVD]. Canada: Big Picture Media Corporation.
In-Text: (Achbar, 2004)
Blog entry
Arrington, M. (2008, August 5). The viral video guy gets $1 million in funding. Message posted
to http://www.techcrunch.com
In-Text: (Arrington, 2008)