Due on Monday, January 30th at 5:00 PM
Not accepted after Friday, February 3rd at 5:00 PM
Unit 4B-C Quiz on Friday, January 27th
Warm-Ups, Closures, and CTQs
Week 20
Vocabulary
node
synaptomorphy
monday
speciation cladogram/phylogenetic tree
outgroup
Monday, January 23rd
Warm-Up:
Based on the graph below, calculate the mean rate of transcription between 30 and 40
minutes. Express your answer in units of mRNA Level Units/min. Round your answer to the
nearest whole number.
CTQ #1:
The following table lists presence (+) or absence (-) of traits of a group of organisms.
R. catesbeiana
S. catenatus
D. rerio
P. troglodytes
Fur
+
Lost limbs
+
-
Amniotic eggs
+
+
+
Four limbs
+
+
Vertebrae
+
+
+
+
Based on these data, create a phylogenetic tree which illustrates the evolutionary
relationships of the organisms. State which organism is least related to the other organisms.
(LO 1.19)
CTQ #2:
The cladogram below represents a group of invertebrates.
This cladogram could be used to answer which of the following questions? (LO 1.17)|
a.
b.
c.
d.
Closure:
Which two winged insects are most closely related?
At which point in time did eight-legged animals speciate from other legged animals?
How does antenna length correlate with evolutionary relationships?
Which characteristics describe the common ancestor between vertebrates and invertebrates?
Explain how mutations cause speciation.
Tuesday, January 24th
Warm-Up:
Based on the phylogenetic tree below, list the characteristics present in all members of the
class Reptilia.
Lab Questions:
In addition to answering the Warm-Ups and Closures for Tuesday (1/24) and Wednesday
(1/25), you will be responsible for answering the questions present on all six stations, plus the
analysis questions below:
Station D-E Analysis Questions:
1. Modify the cladogram from Station D to reflect the similarities of these gene sequences
to other organisms.
2. For each gene, describe whether the alignment analysis refuted or confirmed your
hypothetical cladogram from Station D.
3. Describe the other kinds of data which could be collected from the fossil specimen to
help properly identify its evolutionary history.
Station F Analysis Questions
1. Based on the species and percentage identities indicated in your table, create a cladogram
showing the evolutionary relationships of species containing this gene.
2. You performed BLAST analysis using an mRNA sequence, not a DNA sequence.
Describe why an mRNA sequence is usually much shorter than the DNA sequence
encoding it, and explain why mRNA sequences more closely align in related organisms
than DNA sequences.
(Hint: refer to Unit 3 notes)
3. Describe the function in humans of the protein produced from the gene you selected.
4. Justify in which other kinds of organisms you would expect to find this protein.
5. Justify whether it is possible to find the same gene in two different organisms but not
find the protein produced by that gene in both organisms.
6. If the gene is present in all organisms you investigate, describe what this suggests about
the evolution of this gene in the history of life on Earth.
Closure:
Explain how to determine the relatedness of two species using a cladogram.
Wednesday, January 25th
Warm-Up:
Dinosaurs are a group of ancient, scaly reptiles, most of whom are currently extinct.
However, one group of dinosaurs evolved into feathered birds approximately 150 million
years ago. Describe how speciation of the first birds occurred from dinosaurs.
Lab Questions:
See questions from Tuesday (January 24th).
Closure:
Justify which method of determining evolutionary relationships of organisms (DNA
similarity or morphological similarity) is better for creating accurate cladograms.
Thursday, January 26th
Warm-Up:
Describe how a mutation affects protein structure.
Closure:
Explain how a mutation affecting gene expression could result in speciation.
Friday, January 27th
Unit 4B-C Quiz.
Learning Objectives This Week
LO 1.17 pose scientific questions about a group of organisms whose relatedness is described by a
phylogenetic tree or cladogram in order to (1) identify shared characteristics, (2) make inferences about the
evolutionary history of the group, and (3) identify character data that could extend or improve the
phylogenetic tree.
LO 1.18 evaluate evidence provided by a data set in conjunction with a phylogenetic tree or a simple
cladogram to determine evolutionary history and speciation.
LO 1.19 create a phylogenetic tree or simple cladogram that correctly represents evolutionary history and
speciation from a provided data set.