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5th Grade
Energy in Organisms
2015-11-02
www.njctl.org
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Table of Contents: Energy in Organisms
· Energy Introduction
· Energy Use in Animals
· Energy Use in Plants
· Energy Flow
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Energy Introduction
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of Contents
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Energy
This unit is about energy. We have talked about energy before What do you already know about it?
Come up with some ideas right now at your table.
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Energy
This unit is about energy. We
have talked
aboutability
energy before Energy
is the
What do you already know about it?
to do work
Answer
Come up with some ideas right now at your table.
All living things
need energy to stay
alive
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Lab 1: Examining Plant Growth
Where do plants get their energy?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Read the full lab procedure.
Decide how your lab group is going
to test your plant.
Present your plan to your teacher.
Set up your plant, after the teacher
has approved your plan.
First we will talk about energy use in animals,
while our lab gets going!
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Energy Use in Animals
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Where do we get energy from?
Brainstorm this question with
your group and write your
answers here:
Move this box for a hint!
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Why do animals need to eat?
Write your answers here:
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What is energy?
Earlier we defined energy as the ability to do work . It can exist
in several forms. Using the hints, name the form of energy:
Hint
in food
stored, a ball at the top of a hill
electricity
motion
heat
power plant, reaction
Type of energy
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
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What is energy?
Earlier we defined energy as the ability to do work . It can exist
in several forms. Using the hints, name the form of energy:
Type of energy
chemical
_________
Hint
in food
electricity
motion
Answer
stored, a ball at the top of a hill
heat
power plant, reaction
potential
_________
electrical
_________
kinetic
_________
thermal
_________
nuclear
_________
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1 What is energy?
A The ability to do work
B The ability to make energy
C The energy to do work
D All of the above
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1 What is energy?
A The ability to do work
Answer
B The ability to make energy
A - The ability to do work
C The energy to do work
D All of the above
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2 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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2 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
Answer
A chemical
C
E thermal
F nuclear
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3 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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3 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
B potential
C electrical
Answer
A chemical
E
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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4 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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4 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
B potential
C electrical
Answer
A chemical
D
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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5 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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5 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
B potential
C electrical
Answer
A chemical
F
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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6 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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6 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
B potential
C electrical
Answer
A chemical
A
D kinetic
E thermal
[This object is a pull tab]
F nuclear
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7 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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7 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
C electrical
D kinetic
Answer
B potential
B
E thermal
F nuclear
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What is energy used for?
Humans and other organisms need energy for many activities. Make a
list with your table of why humans need energy.
Body repair
When
you are
done with your
Growth
list, move this
box for some
Keeping
warm
answers.
Motion
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Body Repair
When cells are damaged,
they will repair themselves
by using the materials and
energy found in food, to
create new cells.
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Growth
More Cells = More of an organism
Cells will use materials
and energy from food to
make new cells in order
for the organism to grow
larger.
Review: What is the type of energy we get from food?
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Warmth
Many organisms
use energy to
generate heat to
maintain their
internal
temperature.
Can you name an organism that cannot create heat on its own?
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Movement
Organisms use
energy to move
their bodies.
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8 What processes can organisms use the materials and
energy from food to complete?
A warmth and motion
B growth
C body repair
D all of the above
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8 What processes can organisms use the materials and
energy from food to complete?
B growth
Answer
A warmth and motion
D - all of the above
C body repair
D all of the above
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How do we get the energy out of food?
Chemical energy is
found in our food.
Cellular Respiration is
the process in our
body that releases
the energy stored in
food for our use.
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We must consume food!
Animals (including humans) must eat plants, or animals that ate plants,
or animals that ate other plant eating animals to get energy.
Due to the fact animals eat in order to get energy, they are called
consumers. Plants on the other hand make their own food, they are
called producers.
The flow of energy from plant to animal to animal through the food web
will be further explained in another unit.
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Cellular Respiration
Humans and other organisms release the energy stored in food
through a chemical reaction called cellular respiration.
This process occurs in the cell and needs oxygen (brought into
the body from the air), and sugar (found in food) to work.
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Cellular Respiration
The oxygen we breathe is used to break down food into sugar, which
is then broken down further.
The chemical energy stored in the sugar is released for the
organisms to use. Can you recall the 4 reasons we use energy?
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
4. ____________________
Carbon dioxide and water
we exhale are released as
waste products.
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Cellular Respiration
You can think of cellular respiration as a mathematical formula:
Food + Oxygen =
=
Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water
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9 How does respiration help humans and other organisms?
A It makes energy from food.
B It releases energy stored in food.
C It stores the energy in food.
D It releases energy in the air.
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9 How does respiration help humans and other organisms?
A It makes energy from food.
C
Answer
B It releases energy stored in food.
B - it releases the
It stores the energyenergy
in food. stored in
food
D It releases energy in the air.
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10 Which chemical is a waste product of respiration?
A Oxygen
B Sugar
C Nitrogen
D Carbon Dioxide
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10 Which chemical is a waste product of respiration?
A Oxygen
C Nitrogen
Answer
B Sugar
D - carbon dioxide
D Carbon Dioxide
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Energy Use in Plants
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Energy use in Plants
Plants need energy too.
Where does it come from?
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Photosynthesis
Yes! the energy for plants
comes from the sun.
Plants collect sunlight and
turn it into food using a
process called
Photosynthesis.
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction
It requires sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to work.
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Photosynthesis Materials
Carbon dioxide and water are known as the reactants because
they make the reaction start.
Have you heard people say its
good to talk to your houseplants?
Why is that?
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Photosynthesis Materials
Plants take carbon dioxide molecules
into their cells from the air and get
water from their roots.
The leaves of plants have holes in
them that let air in and out of the leaf.
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Photosynthesis Process
Photosynthesis happens in two stages:
(1) Capturing the energy of sunlight
(2) Creating sugar to permanently store this energy
Both processes occur in the leaves of the plant.
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis can also be thought of as an equation:
Carbon Dioxide + Water
=
Sugar + Oxygen
Check out this simulation of photosynthesis
oxygen
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11 What materials are needed to begin photosynthesis?
A Sunlight and Carbon Dioxide
B Sunlight and Oxygen
C Sunlight, Oxygen and Sugar
D Sunlight, Carbon dioxide and water
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11 What materials are needed to begin photosynthesis?
A Sunlight and Carbon Dioxide
C
Answer
B Sunlight and Oxygen
A - sunlight and
carbon dioxide
Sunlight, Oxygen and Sugar
D Sunlight, Carbon dioxide and water
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Sunlight and Photosynthesis
Sunlight is sort of like an oven used to
make a cake. It is part of the process
but not an ingredient.
Therefore, it is not added in the
equation, but it is mentioned.
What would happen to a plant without sunlight?
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Chloroplasts
Plants have special structures in the
cells in their leaves called chloroplasts.
The chloroplasts use a chemical called
chlorophyll to collect light.
What color do you think chlorophyll is?
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Photosynthesis and the Seasons
In the fall, not enough sunlight is
collected and the chlorophyll stops
working. How can you tell this by
looking at a tree?
The plant must use other chemicals,
which are different colors like red,
brown, and orange.
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12 Why is sunlight not part of the photosynthesis equation?
A It is not used.
B It is used but isn't important.
C It is used but is not mixed into the "recipe".
D It is added into the equation.
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12 Why is sunlight not part of the photosynthesis equation?
A It is not used.
C
Answer
B
C - it is used but not
It is used but isn't important.
mixed into the
"recipe"
It is used but is not mixed
into the "recipe".
D It is added into the equation.
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Photosynthesis Uses
Just like we talked about with animals, plants will use the sugars
formed during photosynthesis as an energy source. Thinking about
what animals use energy for, can you come up with 2 ways plants use
energy?
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
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13 What are the main sources of materials for
photosynthesis?
A Air and water
B Soil and water
C Air and Soil
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13 What are the main sources of materials for
photosynthesis?
B Soil and water
C Air and Soil
Answer
A Air and water
A - air and water
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LAB 2 : Pigments in Plants
Paper Chromatography
Please follow the teacher's instructions and
your lab sheet to complete this lab
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Energy Flow
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are both cycles.
Can you identify on the next page how it works?
Next to each arrow, write if the process is
cellular respiration or photosynthesis.
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Carbon Dioxide
Water
Sugar
Oxygen
Energy
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Animals use the sugar and oxygen made by plants to produce
carbon dioxide and water.
Plants use carbon dioxide and water to create sugar and oxygen.
Plants store the energy of sunlight, animals release it.
The materials of both processes are recycled!
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Click here for a video which reviews these connected
processes plants and animals use to get energy!
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LAB 3 : Photosynthesis &
Cellular Respiration
Please follow the teacher's instructions and
your lab sheet to complete this lab.