Final Exam Review
• 1. In what country did the Revolution begin and
when?
• Great Britain in agriculture in mid 1700s
• 2. What was the Industrial Revolution?
• Increase in machine made goods
• 3. What were the three factors of production
required to drive the Industrial Revolution?
• land, labor, capital
• 4. Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great
Britain?
• natural resources, expanding economy, and factors
of production
• 5. What is an enclosure? What is its purpose?
• Fenced in farm land, allowed for experiments
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6. What is the purpose of crop rotation?
keep soil fertile
7. What effect did the Railroads have on Great Britain?
faster, easier transportation
8. What were cities like during the Industrial Revolution?
crowded, dirty, polluted
9. What were working conditions like during the Industrial
Revolution?
• harsh, crowded, hot, long hours, dangerous
• 10. What was the main cause of the process of
urbanization that occurred in 19th-century Britain and
elsewhere in Western Europe? (Why did people move to
cities?)
• Get jobs in factories
• 12. How long did factory workers typically work?
• 14 hours, 6 days a week
• 13. What war forced the US to start producing its
own products?
• War of 1812
• 14. In which industry did the Industrial Revolution
begin in the US?
• Textile
• 15. What happened to the gap between the
industrialized and non-industrialized countries
after the Industrial Revolution?
• widened
• 16. Who was the American inventor and
industrialists who made factory production more
efficient by introducing the assembly line?
• Henry Ford
• 17. Which document freed slaves in the Southern
Confederate states?
• Emancipation Proclamation
• 18. What policy or action led to the Trail of Tears?
• Indian Removal Act
• 19. Why did Southern states secede from the US?
• Lincoln was elected
• 20. What was the most significant discovery of Louis
Pasteur?
• Germ Theory of Disease
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21. The Civil War began with the firing on what?
Fort Sumter
22. What was the 13th Amendment?
freed slaves – made slavery illegal
23. What is the 14th Amendment?
granted citizenship to African Americans
24. What is the 15th Amendment?
granted AA right to vote
25. What does suffrage mean?
Right to vote
• 26. Which term means that the US has the
right/duty to rule the North American continent
from the Atlantic to the Pacific?
• Manifest Destiny
• 27. What does the term secede mean?
• withdraw from country/nation
• 28. What term means to legally separate races?
• segregation
• 29. Which battle was considered the turning point
of the Civil War?
• Gettysburg
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30. What is imperialism?
big nation takes over a smaller/weaker nation
31. How did industrialization lead to imperialism?
led to desire for raw materials and new markets
32. What were the forces driving imperialism?
Industrial Revolution, European Superiority (racism and
social Darwinism), and nationalism
33. What was the Berlin Conference?
European countries decided how to divide Africa
34. What is a colony?
a country/territory governed internally by a foreign power
35. What does paternalism mean?
treating subjected people like children by providing for
needs but not giving rights
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36. What is assimilation?
forcing culture on subject people
37. What did the Monroe Doctrine state?
American Continents closed to colonization
38. What event caused the US to declare war on
Spain?
explosion of the USS Maine
39. Why did the US want to build the Panama Canal?
quicker and faster transportation btwn Atlantic and
Pacific
40. What did the Roosevelt Corollary state?
US could be a police power in Latin America – justify
involvement in LA
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41. Which nations made up the Triple Entente?
Great Britain, France, US, Russia
42. Which nations made up the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria Hungary, Italy
43. Under the Schleiffen Plan, Germany would
focus on defeating what nation first?
France first and then Russia
44. What does Total War mean?
all resources go to the war effort
45. Rationing was designed to do what?
Limit goods people can buy
• 46. What is the purpose of propaganda?
• persuade someone’s opinion
• 47. The Zimmerman Note/Telegram exposed
Germany’s plan to do what?
• create an alliance with Mexico – pulled US into WWI
• 48. What is militarism?
• building up a countries military
• 49. Which nation was forced to assume responsibility
for WWI?
• Germany
• 50. What effect did the Treaty of Versailles have on
Germany?
• Made them mad and hate the other countries
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56. Why did Russia struggle during WWI?
didn’t industrialize
57. How did women help during WWI?
Worked in factories and took on male jobs
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51. What were the four causes of WWI?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
52. What is trench warfare?
fighting in ditches – protecting soldiers from
enemy fire
53. What was the area between the trenches
called?
no man’s land
54. What is unrestricted submarine warfare?
Germany’s sinking of ships using submarines
55. What was the spark of WWI?
Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
• 58. What is fascism?
• new militant political govt emphasized loyalty to
state and obedience to leader
• 59. Which man rose to power in Italy?
• Benito Mussolini
• 60. Which man rose to power in Germany?
• Adolf Hitler
• 61. What political group was Hitler the leader of
in Germany?
• Nazi
• 62. Why did Japan want to expand its borders?
• Solve its economic problems
• 63. What does appeasement mean?
• giving into an aggressor to keep the peace
• 64. What was the Nonaggression Pact? Who signed
the pact?
• Btwn Russia and Germany – pledge to not attack one
another
• 65. What started WWII?
• Germany’s invasion of Poland
• 66. Why did most Americans want avoid war?
• effects of WWI and the Great Depression
• 67. What did the Cash and Carry Policy state?
• US will sell items to allies but they must pay cash and
come and pick up the items
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68. What did the Lend Lease Act state?
US will loan items to allies
69. What was the Atlantic Charter?
agreement between Churchill and FDR for
postwar goals and goals for the war
70. When was Pearl Harbor attacked?
Dec 7, 1941
71. What was Doolittle’s Raid?
US attack on Japan after Pearl Harbor
72. Which battle was the turning point of the war
in the Pacific?
Battle of Midway
• 73. What is island hopping?
• taking over smaller, weaker, less defended
islands
• 74. What happened to Japanese Americans after
Pearl Harbor?
• put in internment/prison camps
• 75. Which battle signaled the end of Germany?
• Battle of Bulge
• 76. What was the Manhattan Project?
• Secret project to create the atomic bomb
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77. What was the Holocaust?
mass extermination of Jews
78. What were the Nuremberg Laws?
laws depriving Jews of the rights as citizens
79. What happened at the Nuremberg Trials?
Nazis tried for crimes against humanity and
decided guilty because a person is responsible
for their action during war