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Time2 (s2)
4.5
k=1.2 s-1
4.0
0.6
3.5
3.0
0.2
0.0
0
2
4
6
Offset2 (km2)
8
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Stacking velocity (m/s)
6000
Cotton Valley
Berea
4000
Shale-Limestone
Pierre
2000
0
20
40
60
Dip (deg)
,.-0/u
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Stacking velocity (m/s)
6000
Cotton Valley shale
Berea sandstone
4000
Shale-Limestone
Pierre shale
2000
0
20
40
60
Dip (deg)
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2000
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Stacking velocity (m/s)
6000
a
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20
40
Dip (deg)
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60
no DMO correction
0.10
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20
40
60
Dip (deg)
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h¢¨XUol9©;NˆªUV“¡
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GJ‹]n^[GpoXSr;]_^[G!NŽJMq_XS]_o_X z JMwV¡
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h¢¤l z[z otX<lSw‰^[Gpq
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WGY[JM`[W‚„
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a
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a
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ryXUoel•^[XUWXUjUGpL[GXU`aq=WGYaJf`[W,„…vXUo‡]n^[G^[XUWXUjUGpL[GXS`[qeWGpY[Jf`[W,
b ƒ¤TabvwpXUL[qt]nlSL<]t|´IUG\MXKwpJM]Œƒ
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t`[qQ]
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h¢
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h¢
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h¢
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h¢ Jfq@l z[z \fJMGYb/]_^[G™Yvls]‰l%~€GwpXUWGXIUGoÇ|
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h¢ ]nXXIUGoÇ|
wXSo_o_Gpwp]
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Jfq$qtWls\f\fGpo.]n^[lSLO]_^[G,Go_otXUošce^[GpL¨L[X›¡
h¢ JMq•l z[z \MJfGYd„O’ŒLOXS]_^[Go$cXUo_Y[qpbryXUo$JMq_XS]_o_X z JMwSb
\fJML[Glso©;Nˆª<V=WGpY[J{labdl z[z \‹ƒZJfL[jEwpXUL[qQ]‰lSL<]t|´IUGp\fXZwJM]Œƒ¡
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h¢š„
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¼
½¿¾€ÀŒÁÂmÃS»‰ÂmÄZŇ»#¹#¹nÂm¹
0.15
0.15
k=0
0.10
Time error (s)
Time error (s)
k=1.2 s-1
no DMO correction
v(z) DMO
0.05
const-v DMO
0
-0.05
a
0
20
40
0.10
0.05
0
-0.05
60
c
0
20
Dip (deg)
0.15
k=0.6 s-1
0.10
0.05
0
-0.05
b
0
20
60
Dip (deg)
Time error (s)
Time error (s)
0.15
40
40
Dip (deg)
isotropic
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.10
60
k=0.6 s-1
0.10
d
0
20
40
60
Dip (deg)
,.-0/„Ùa„+—=Gpq_JfYa`vlS\HWX¶ISGXU`K6
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a
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¡
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h¢š„
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ryo_XSW ]n^vlm]eGqt]_JfWls]nGpY‚XSL–]_^[G~vlSq_JMqeXSr‘]_^[G
w`[oQIUGpqJfL‚…“JMjU`[o_Gp
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j J‹IUGL›WX¶ISGXU`K]!Gpo_otXUo-cXU`a\fY›jUJMISGotJfqtGš]nX‚l–\flSo_jSGo9IslSo_Jfls]nJMXULJfLISG\fXZwJ‹]ŒƒryXUo-]_^[GgXS]_]_XUL
U
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\fJMŠSGp\Mƒ0Jfqš]n^aG,WXUotG–l z[z otX z o_Jfls]nG@WGlsq_`[otG,Xsrx]_^[G@o_Gp\{ls]_JMIUG@JMW z XUoQ]‰lSL[wpGEXSrlSL[JMq_XS]_o_X z ƒ˜JML
¡
h¢ëwXUoto_Gw#]nJMXUL„
Shale-Limestone
Cotton Valley shale
0.15
0.10
no DMO correction
Time error (s)
Time error (s)
0.15
v(z) DMO
0.05
0
const-v DMO
-0.05
-0.10
0
20
40
0.10
0.05
v(z) DMO
0
-0.05
-0.10
60
no DMO correction
const-v DMO
0
20
Dip (deg)
0.10
0.10
0.05
0
-0.05
0
20
60
Pierre shale
0.15
Time error (s)
Time error (s)
Berea sandstone
0.15
-0.10
40
Dip (deg)
40
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.10
60
Dip (deg)
0
20
40
60
Dip (deg)
,.-0/„RK„—eGqtJfY[`vls\WXIUGXS`a
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h¢ wpXUo_otGwp]_GY¨ceJ‹]n^¨©;NˆªUV¡
h¢
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h¢ NŽY[Xs]_]nGpYßV#„”Ø/^[G™IUGpot]nJMwlS\
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L[Xs]eXUL[\MƒryXUo‡]n^aG
cGlsŠZ\‹ƒ–lSL[JMq_XS]_o_X z Jfw-ïGpo_Glq_lSL[Y[qQ]nXUL[G
~[`K]ls\fq_XšryXSo
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lSLvls\Mƒ5]nJMw!G† z o_Gqtq_JMXULryXUox]_^[Gšq_WlS\M\‹|ŒXsœdqtGp]xWXIUGpXU`a]9ISG\MXKwpJM]ŒƒUb€ce^[Jfw‰^’eGlSo_\MJfGo=wls\f\fGpY™ÝD°9¦©±
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