S I R NEWS1ETTER
Society for Invertebrate Pathology Editor: H.E.Welch
Vol. I, No. 6
Feb. 10, 1969
THE INTEGUMENTS OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS AS CHALLENGING MODEL FOR COMPARATIVE
PATHOLOGICAL RESEARCH WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PROBLEMS OF ONCOLOGY
by
Hans E. K a i s e r , Ph. D.
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, The George Washington U n i v e r s i t y ,
Washington, D.C.
Guest Speech p r e s e n t e d a t t h e F i r s t Annual Meeting of t h e S o c i e t y , September 3 , 1968,
Ohio S t a t e U n i v e r s i t y , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
M r . President,
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The t i t l e of t h e s u b j e c t of our d i s c u s s i o n t h i s a f t e r n o o n i s l i s t e d i n o u r program.
I s h a l l t r y t o e x p l a i n a s b r i e f l y a s p o s s i b l e what t h i s t o p i c s i g n i f i e s , and why
i t s p r o p e r l y a m a t t e r f o r our j o i n t c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
As we a l l know, pathology i s based on h i s t o l o g y . There i s e q u a l l y sound r e a s o n t o
assume t h a t t h e d i s c i p l i n e of comparative pathology must l i k e w i s e be based on
comparative h i s t o l o g y , supported by biochemistry and b i o p h y s i c s . The q u e s t i o n of
what i s , and what i s n o t , s c i e n t i f i c a l l y comparable with r e g a r d t o normal and
abnormal t i s s u e s from t h e animal and p l a n t kingdoms must be a c h i e f concern of
comparative pathology. T h i s problem i s fundamental t o t h i s newly developing d i s c i p l i n e . I t w i l l be my main concern today t o o f f e r a b r i e f review of t h e comparab i l i t y of t h e t i s s u e s of r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s of both kingdoms and t o e x p l o r e t h e quest i o n of why t h e integuments, of both animals and p l a n t s , a r e t h o s e types of t i s s u e s
which o f f e r t h e b r o a d e s t and most v i a b l e b a s i s f o r h i s t o l o g i c comparison.
The integuments a r e p h y l o g e n e t i c a l l y a n c i e n t t i s s u e s t r u c t u r e s . On t h e one hand
they show a v e r y wide d i s t r i b u t i o n and s e v e r a l s p e c i a l f u n c t i o n a l a d a p t a t i o n s i n
c e r t a i n groups, such a s b r e a t h i n g , a b s o r p t i o n , temperature c o n t r o l , sensory
f u n c t i o n s , and s e c r e t i o n ; on t h e o t h e r hand, t h e s e t i s s u e s , due t o t h e i r b a s i c ,
common c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , provide e x c e l l e n t models f o r fundamental r e s e a r c h i n
comparative pathology. The main purpose of t h e integuments i s , of course, t h e
s e p a r a t i o n of body c o n t e n t and environment i n t h e case of each i n d i v i d u a l animal
or plant.
We a r e a l l aware of work t h a t has been done i n t h e comparison of c e l l s under
normal and p a t h o l o g i c c o n d i t i o n s , b u t we a r e s t i l l more o r l e s s l a c k i n g i n comp a r i s o n s of s u i t a b l e and t r u l y comparable h i s t o l o g i c m a t e r i a l f o r t h e purposes
of r e s e a r c h i n comparative pathology. For a number of y e a r s , D r . N i g r e l l i and I have
been working t o g e t h e r toward t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e r i e s on comparative pathology. A s
we j u s t i n d i c a t e d , t h e integuments a s models o f f e r t h e w i d e s t p o s s i b l e b a s i s of comparison
w i t h r e s p e c t t o t h e t i s s u e s of b o t h kingdoms. They form, a s i t were, t h e base l i n e f o r
t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n of o t h e r , comparable t i s s u e s o f both kingdoms and may p o i n t t h e way f o r
f u t u r e i n v e s t i g a t i o n s i n comparative normal and p a t h o l o g i c h i s t o l o g y . C e r t a i n t h e o r e t i c a l
and p r a c t i c a l e v a l u a t i o n s must be undertaken, however, t o e s t a b l i s h f i r m l y t h e r e q u i s i t e ,
a broad b a s e f o r t h e d i s c i p l i n e o f comparative h i s t o p a t h o l o g y .
I t h i n k i t i s c l e a r t o a l l of u s h e r e t h a t t h e f a c t t h a t i n v e r t e b r a t e s , i n c l u d i n g t h e
v a s t numbers of s p e c i e s of i n s e c t s t o t a l l i n g more than a l l o t h e r animal p h y l a p u t
t o g e t h e r and n e a r l y double t h e number o f p l a n t s p e c i e s , make t h e s u b j e c t of our d i s c u s s i o n
today one of very s p e c i a l i n t e r e s t t o o u r s o c i e t y . Our group r e p r e s e n t s t h e s k i l l s
needed f o r s c i e n t i f i c a n a l y s i s and comparison of t h e integuments and h i s t o l o g i c s t r u c t u r e s
o f i n v e r t e b r a t e p h y l a t o e n a b l e us t o p l a y a v e r y important r o l e i n t h e f u r t h e r development of comparative pathology.
What we need now, i t seems t o me, i s t o s e i z e upon t h e "bold approach" s u g g e s t e d e a r l i e r
by o u r d i s t i n g u i s h e d p r e s i d e n t ; t o review our f i n d i n g s h i t h e r t o i n comparative i n v e r t e b r a t e
h i s t o l o g y , as they b e a r upon t h e s u b j e c t of our d i s c u s s i o n today; t o study t h e t h e o r e t i c a l
and p r a c t i c a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s of animal and p l a n t integumental t i s s u e s , both normal and
abnormal, from t h e comparative p o i n t of view; and t o f i n d ways and means of e s t a b l i s h i n g
t n e n e c e s s a r y working r e l a t i o n s h i p s w i t h , and encouraging t h e i n t e r e s t of o u r f e l l o w
r e s e a r c h e r s i n t h e s e p a r a t e realms of v e r t e b r a t e h i s t o l o g y and pathology, and of p l a n t
h i s t o l o g y and p a t h o l o g y . I have r e a s o n t o b e l i e v e t h a t e f f o r t s of o u r a s s o c i a t i o n i n
t h i s d i r e c t i o n w i l l meet w i t h warm response and l e a d t o f r e s h approaches t o t h e problems
of t h e c e l l , normal and abnormal, which a r e of paramount i n t e r e s t t o u s a l l . I t i s even
possible
d e s p i t e t o d a y ' s s p e c i a l problems i n r e s e a r c h s u p p o r t
t o imagine t h a t g r a n t i n g
a g e n c i e s may s e e f i t t o d i v e r t t h e n e c e s s a r y funds t o s u p p o r t such j o i n t i n v e s t i g a t i o n s
a s we s u g g e s t .
-
-
I may s u g g e s t , t h e n , t h a t t h e purpose o f t h e new approach f o r comparative pathology i s
t o e x p l o r e h i t h e r t o perhaps u n t r a v e l l e d avenues which may l e a d e v e n t u a l l y t o a b e t t e r
u n d e r s t a n d i n g of t h e d i s e a s e s of organisms i n g e n e r a l and o f s p e c i a l groups i n p a r t i c u l a r .
I s u g g e s t f u r t h e r t h a t i n t h e f u t u r e we may have t o c o n t i n u e t o concern o u r s e l v e s w i t h
t h e pathology of a s i n g l e s p e c i e s , such a s man, o r w i t h t h e pathology of many s p e c i e s of
a p a r t i c u l a r group, such a s t h e v a s t world of i n s e c t s . Above and beyond t h i s , however,
comparative pathology must be concerned u l t i m a t e l y with b a s i c problems of d i s e a s e i t s e l f ,
on a f o u n d a t i o n of r e l e v a n t , comparative r e s e a r c h i n v o l v i n g a f a r wider r a n g e of organisms
t h a n appear t o have been e x p l o i t e d h i t h e r t o .
L e t us c o n s i d e r f o r a moment inflammatory c o n d i t i o n s which may o c c u r i n d i f f e r e n t t i s s u e s
i n d i f f e r e n t o r g a n s o f an animal. I f we adopt a new d i r e c t i o n i n comparative pathology,
a s s u g g e s t e d e a r l i e r , i t may w e l l be found t h a t s t u d i e s of such c o n d i t i o n s may be more
rewarding i f undertaken i n t i s s u e s o r s t r u c t u r e s common t o t h e m a j o r i t y of s p e c i e s i n
b o t h t h e animal and p l a n t kingdoms; on t h e b a s i s of f i n d i n g s t h u s o b t a i n e d , we may t h e n
devote our a t t e n t i o n t o t h e s p e c i f i c c a s e . O r , we could c o n s i d e r n e o p l a s i a such a s may
be found i n t h e m i d i n t e s t i n a l gland of i n v e r t e b r a t e s , o r i n t h e l i v e r of v e r t e b r a t e s .
Such a comparative c o u r s e toward a g e n e r a l understanding o f a p a r t i c u l a r d i s e a s e group
from t h e p o i n t of view of comparative pathology may be of s u b s t a n t i a l a s s i s t a n c e t o us
l a t e r i n a c q u i r i n g a s p e c i a l i z e d u n d e r s t a n d i n g of p a r t i c u l a r , i n d i v i d u a l c o n d i t i o n s .
Once a g a i n , t h e p r e r e q u i s i t e t o t h i s p l a n of a c t i o n i s t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n of t h e comp a r a b i l i t y o f t h e d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f t i s s u e s of both animals and p l a n t s ; we have proposed
t h e t h e s i s t h a t t h e integuments i n b o t h p l a n t s and animals having t r u e t i s s u e s o f f e r t h e
b r o a d e s t b a s i s of comparison. A volume now i n c o u r s e of p r e p a r a t i o n w i t h j o i n t a u t h o r s h i p
by A.C. Braun, M. Nordmann, H. Trebbin and H . E . K a i s e r on t h e s u b j e c t of: "Animal and
P l a n t Neoplasms, Comparative Pathology and Incidence" i s scheduled f o r p u b l i c a t i o n n e x t
y e a r by J o h n s Hopkins U n i v e r s i t y P r e s s .
1
i
I
A s h a s been t h e c a s e i n o t h e r b i o l o g i c a l s c i e n c e s , t h e pathology of man and t h e v e r t e b r a t e s , e s p e c i a l l y the domesticated animals, has shown the g r e a t e s t development. The
pathology of i n v e r t e b r a t e s developed, a s we know, e s p e c i a l l y i n r e l a t i o n t o t h e i r c o n t r o l ,
p a r t i c u l a r l y f o r economic r e a s o n s . P l a n t pathology has remained something of a " s i d e l i n e " , developed i n r e l a t ~ o nt o i t s economic importance, e s p e c i a l l y i n a g r i c u l t u r e . That
i s t h e reason why we a r e much b e t t e r informed about economically important p l a n t s and
e s p e c i a l l y t h e h i g h e r p l a n t s , i n a d d i t i o n t o t h e f u n g i and b a c t e r i a , i n r e l a t i o n t o t h e i r
pathology. The f a c t remains, however, t h a t the b a s i c concepts of t h i n k i n g i n the f i e l d
of pathology have been developed c h i e f l y by human p a t h o l o g i s t s ; and the i n i t i a l e f f o r t
was t o t r y t o adapt t h e s e i d e a s t o the o t h e r , developing f i e l d s of pathology, such a s
our own. This development has provided us with t h e m a t e r i a l s , then, f o r the i n i t i a l
e s t a b l i s h m e n t of comparative pathology. We had a f i r m b a s i s f o r a beginning. Now we
a r e ready f o r t h e n e x t s t e p , which may l e a d t o a s y n t h e s i s of knowledge a t t a i n e d i n
many d i f f e r e n t , b u t r e l a t e d d i s c i p l i n e s , and the b a s i s f o r a g r e a t "leap forward", i f
we a r e f o r t u n a t e .
I t i s e s s e n t i a l , i n achieving a proper e v a l u a t i o n of our f i e l d of i n t e r e s t , t o remain
i n c l o s e c o n t a c t with neighboring, p e r t i n e n t a r e a s of i n v e s t i g a t i o n . Here, two concepts
may be dominant i n our t h i n k i n g . One i s t h e assumption t h a t i n t h e integument we have
the b e s t a v a i l a b l e m a t e r i a l f o r comparative study of both normal and p a t h o l o g i c a l
c o n d i t i o n s . The second i d e a i s t h a t a common denominator must be found i n t h e a p p l i e d
methods of our r e s e a r c h , j u s t a s the integumental t i s s u e s may s e r v e , a s i t were a s
"common denominators".
I t i s suggested t h a t a "multi-methodology", t o c o i n a word, may
be t h e s o l u t i o n t o the methodological question. We have, of c o u r s e , n o t one b u t many
p o s s i b l e methods i n d e a l i n g with normal o r abnormal t i s s u e s . These i n c l u d e t h e d i f f e r e n t
kinds of l i g h t microscopy, e l e c t r o n microscopy and o t h e r types of microscopy; chemical
methods, such a s the d i f f e r e n t kinds of chromatography, spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy
and o t h e r biochemical methods; a s w e l l a s i n v e s t i g a t i o n by a p p r o p r i a t e b i o p h y s i c a l
methods f o r study of p a t h o l o g i c c o n d i t i o n s i n the d i f f e r e n t s p e c i e s . No i n d i v i d u a l
i n v e s t i g a t o r w i l l be i n a p o s i t i o n t o make use of a l l t h e s e , and o t h e r methods, b u t we
should c o n s i d e r , perhaps, t h e i d e a of "team work" of d i f f e r e n t i n v e s t i g a t o r s w i t h i n the
framework of our s o c i e t y and i n a s s o c i a t i o n with s i m i l a r groups i n o t h e r s o c i e t i e s with
r e l a t e d i n t e r e s t s . There i s an important element of economy i n such "team" p r o j e c t s ;
t h e r e a r e o f t e n expensive instruments t o be acquired and maintained.
There i s n e i t h e r time nor need t o d i s c u s s the integuments i n d e t a i l t h i s a f t e r n o o n . They
w i l l r e c e i v e d e t a i l e d treatment i n my forthcoming "Textbook of Functional Histology",
now i n p r e s s with The C . V . Mosby Company, S t . Louis. Here w e need consider only the
p h y l o g e n e t i c development of t h e integumental p r i n c i p l e , and the common c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s
of t h e integuments i n regard t o t h e i r morphology. We niay consider the human s k i n a s an
example of v e r t e b r a t e integument; the integuments of the i n s e c t s a s h i g h l y important
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s of t h e i n v e r t e b r a t e s ; and f i n a l l y the p r i n c i p l e s of the epidermis of
h i g h e r p l a n t s . L e t us review f o r a moment t h e phylogeny of t h e integuments. I t occurs
a s ectoplasm o r c e l l w a l l i n t h e P r o t i s t a . The next s t e p i s q u i t e s i m i l a r , i n which
more c e l l s o r n u c l e i appear, b u t the c o n d i t i o n of a t i s s u e i s not y e t a t t a i n e d . The
t h i r d and most important s t e p i s c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of the m a j o r i t y of animals and p l a n t s
with t r u e t i s s u e s , where we may observe the integuments a s developing i n t o l i n i n g membranes.
The common p r i n c i p l e l i e s i n the main o r b a s a l c e l l l a y e r , which i s i t s e l f the b a s i c
p r i n c i p l e of each integument of m u l t i c e l l u l a r organisms with t r u e t i s s u e s .
M i t o s i s occurs f r e q u e n t l y i n t h i s l a y e r , and i n man t h e newly produced c e l l s a r e
d i s p l a c e d i n t o t h e l a y e r s above. The integument of the i n v e r t e b r a t e s i s g e n e r a l l y a
s i n g l e - l a y e r e d s t r u c t u r e . I f we look a t the i n s e c t s , we s e e t h a t t h e i r epidermis i s a
u n i - l a y e r e d e p i t h e l i u m . D i f f e r e n t c e l l types a l s o occur b e s i d e s t h e normal epidermis
c e l l s . The t y p i c a l p l a n t epidermis i s a l s o u n i - l a y e r e d ; t h i s h o l d s t r u e whether we speak
of t h e epidermis of the stems, t h e r o o t s , the l e a v e s , t h e f l o w e r s , t h e f r u i t s , o r t h e
seeds.
I t i s important t o r e c a l l t h a t the epidermis of p l a n t s i s c h a r a c t e r i z e d by
m e r i s t e m a t i c p o t e n t i a l i t i e s , o r , i n g e n e r a l terms, t h e a b i l i t y t o form c e l l d i v i s i o n s .
Although i n a l l t h r e e p r i n c i p a l types of integuments, c e r t a i n s p e c i a l i z a t i o n s o c c u r ,
they a r e s i m i l a r i n p r i n c i p l e and hence comparable. Although many p o i n t s of i n t e r e s t
w i t h r e g a r d t o t h e s p e c i a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of t h e integumental t i s s u e s of p l a n t s and
a n i m a l s , could be adduced, with s p e c i a l r e f e r e n c e t o t h e i r c o m p a r a b i l i t y , i t would
f a r exceed t h e bounds o f my p r e s e n t o b j e c t i v e , which i s b a s i c a l l y t o i n v i t e a t t e n t i o n
t o a d i r e c t i o n i n which our s o c i e t y ' s r e s e a r c h endeavors can move with confidence and
i n t e g r i t y . We can s t a t e w i t h some degree o f a s s u r a n c e , on t h e b a s i s of our own s t u d i e s ,
and a c a r e f u l review of t h e l i t e r a t u r e a v a i l a b l e t o u s , (Medlars) t h a t t r u e c o m p a r a b i l i t y
of t i s s u e s t r u c t u r e s of r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o f both kingdoms does e x i s t , and t h a t we may
proceed with t h e i r i n v e s t i g a t i o n w i t h r e a s o n a b l e a n t i c i p a t i o n of s u c c e s s , i f we b e a r i n
mind a t a l l times t h e requirement f o r t h e a p p l i c a t i o n of a multi-method, comparative,
and u l t i m a t e l y , s y n t h e t i c approach.
A f u n c t i o n a l understanding of t h e development of d i e e a s e s i s w i t h o u t doubt t h e most
p r e s s i n g problem f a c i n g t h e d i s c i p l i n e of pathology, and e s p e c i a l l y of comparative
pathology i n our time. Only continuous o b s e r v a t i o n of t h e c o n d i t i o n of d i s e a s e ; iil
i t s development and c o u r s e , can h e l p us l e a r n more about t h e f u n c t i o n a l p r o c e s s e s
involved. The integument o f f e r s us an optimal o p p o r t u n i t y t o r e a c h t h i s g o a l u s i n g t h e
comparative method, because i n t h e study of i t s t i s s u e s , t h e u s e of d i f f e r e n t methods
and continuous o b s e r v a t i o n i s e x p e r i m e n t a l l y r e l a t i v e l y e a s i e r t h a n f o r o t h e r t y p e s of
structure
.
On d i f f e r e n t o c c a s i o n s I have p o i n t e d o u t t h a t , f o r example, t h e s t u d y of t h e phases
of m u l t i p h a s e c a r c i n o g e n e s i s may w e l l be one of t h e mo,t i m p o r t a n t g o a l s of comparative
oncology; f o r t h i s work, too, t h e integuments a r e p a r t i c u l a r l y w e l l s u i t e d .
We have b r i e f l y reviewed t h e r e a s o n s f o r s u g g e s t i n g t h a t a t t e n t i o n be d i r e c t e d toward
t h e use o f t h e integuments o f animals and p l a n t s a s c h a l l e n g i n g models i n r e s e a r c h i n
t h e f i e l d s of comparative pathology, h i s t o l o g y and e s p e c i a l l y oncology. We have
i n d i c a t e d , t h a t much work needs t o be done i n e s t a b l i s h i n g t h e parameters of c o m p a r a b i l i t y ,
b u t we have a l s o expressed t h e b e l i e f t h a t once undertaken w i t h a multi-method,
c o o r d i n a t e d "team" approach, t o g e t h e r with o u t c o l l e a g u e s i n v e r t e b r a t e and p l a n t
pathology and h i s t o l o g y , we may be rewarded w i t h new i n s i g h t s i n t o t h e n a t u r e o f t h e normal
and abnormal c e l l . A l l t h i s w i l l take time, o r g a n i z a t i o n and f i n a n c i a l s u p p o r t . T h i s
a f t e r n o o n I am honored by t h e o p p o r t u n i t y t o s u g g e s t t o t h i s d i s t i n g u i s h e d audience t h a t
t h e S o c i e t y of I n v e r t e b r a t e Pathology i s i n an e s p e c i a l l y f a v o r a b l e p o s i t i o n t o examine
my b a s i c t h e s i s f o r i t s v a l i d i t y and v i a b i l i t y and, i f found promising t o recommend
a p p r o p r i a t e a c t i o n . I t i s my s i n c e r e hope t h a t i n t e r e s t i n what seems t o me t o be a
promising approach t o a v i t a l problem. A r e a l i n t e r e s t may be s t i m u l a t e d among some of
u s , and t h a t a s time goes on, a broad, m u l t i - d i s c i p l i n a r y program may develop i n which
our s o c i e t y w i l l p l a y a s i g n i f i c a n t r o l e .
I would be happy t o e n t e r t a i n any q u e s t i o n s from t h e audience
Thank you very much.
Vice-President,
P r o f e s s o r C . Vago, C o n t r i b u t e s t o New Book.
Vice-President Vago i s one of a number of SIP members who w i l l be c o n t r i b u t i n g t o
a new book, Vol. 42.
I n s e c t V i r u s e s - i n C u r r e n t Topics i n Microbiology and
Immunology, S p r i n g e r V e r l a g . 1968, 192 pages DM 36 -: U.S .$9.00.
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S .I.P . ANNUAL MEETING
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C a l l f o r Symposia T o p i c s
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Announcement
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The S o c i e t y f o r I n v e r t e b r a t e Pathology w i l l b e meeting w i t h t h e AIBS on
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August 17-22, 1969, a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f Vermont, B u r l i n g t o n , V t . A
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formal c a l l f o r s u b m i t t e d p a p e r s w i l l b e forthcoming i n t h e n e a r f u t u r e .
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However, a t t h i s t i m e we a r e c a n v a s s i n g t h e membership t o i n q u i r e a s t o
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whether any i n d i v i d u a l o r group i s i n t e r e s t e d i n o r g a n i z i n g s p e c i a l
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symposia, workshops, o r seminars t o d e a l w i t h some a s p e c t of i n v e r t e b r a t e
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pathobiology.
I f such i s t h e c a s e , t h e Program Chairman would l i k e t o b e
informed b e f o r e March 22, 1969, s o t h a t such e v e n t s can b e scheduled s o as
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n o t t o c o n f l i c t w i t h o t h e r e v e n t s on t h e program. I f you a r e hoping t o
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p l a n a s p e c i a l c o n f e r e n c e , p l e a s e send t h e i n f o r m a t i o n t o :
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D r . Thomas C . Cheng
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Department of Zoology
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U n i v e r s i t y of Hawaii
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Honolulu, Hawaii 9 6822,
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U.S.A.
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We w i l l do o u r b e s t t o p u b l i c i z e your program i f i t i s of i n t e r d i s c i p l i n a r y
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interest.
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2
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$
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ANNUAL MEETING W I L D L I F E DISEASE ASSOCIATION
The 1969 Annual W i l d l i f e D i s e a s e Conference w i l l b e h e l d June 16-20, 1969,
a t t h e United S t a t e s Department of A g r i c u l t u r e ' s N a t i o n a l Animal D i s e a s e L a b o r a t o r y
i n Ames, Iowa, U.S .A.
S p e c i a l symposia a r e b e i n g o r g a n i z e d on L e p t o s p i r o s : ~ ,
P a s t e u r e l l o s i s , P r o g r e s s i n t h e Immunization of F i s h , P r o g r e s s i n t h e Chemotherapy of
W i l d l i f e , P r o g r e s s i n Toxicology i n W i l d l i f e , and P r o g r e s s i n P h y s i o p a t h o l o g i c
Techniques. I n t e r e s t e d SIP members s h o u l d c o n t a c t D r . G.L. Hoffman, E a s t e r n F i s h
D i s e a s e L a b o r a t o r y , K e a r n e y s v i l l e , W . V i r g i n i a , 25430, U.S.A.
CENTER FOR PATHOBIOLOGY, U N I V E R S I T Y OF CALIFORNIA, I R V I N E
The e s t a b l i s h m e n t of t h i s C e n t e r was announced r e c e n t l y . It is d e d i c a t e d
t o t h e advancement of t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g of d i s e a s e from t h e s t a n d p o i n t of b a s i c
s c i e n c e , e s p e c i a l l y t h e b i o l o g i c a l s c i e n c e s . It s e r v e s a s an i n f o r m a t i o n a l and
r e s e a r c h u n i t , a s w e l l a s a c e n t e r f o r t h e advanced s t u d y of a l l manner of d i s e a s e
i n a l l t y p e s of a n i m a l s and p l a n t s . It i s an autonomous u n i t i n t h e School of
B i o l o g i c a l S c i e n c e s , and i s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e Department of Organismic B i o l o g y .
Members who have r e c e i v e d l e t t e r s
E n q u i r i e s should b e d i r e c t e d t o D r . Ed S t e i n h a u s .
on SIP l e t t e r h e a d w i l l n o t e t h a t t h e S e c r e t a r y made a m i s t a k e i n t h e name of t h i s
C e n t e r . Our a p o l o g i e s .
PUBLICATION DATES FOR JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
1967
Volume 9
1968
Volume 1 0
1968
1968
Volume 12
Number 1
It
2
"
3
"
4
Number 1
"
2
-
March
June
September
December
-
February
March-April
-
Volume 11 Number 1
"
2
"
3
-
June
August
September
Number 1
~r
2
"
3
-
October
November
December
Academic P r e s s r e p o r t e d a d e l a y i n t h e l a s t two numbers of Volume 1 2 ,
b u t t h e y a r e expected e a r l y i n J a n u a r y .
EDUCATION AND T R A I N I N G OPPORTUNITIES I N COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
N a t i o n a l Research C o u n c i l , Washington, D .C., r e c e n t l y s e n t me a l i s t i n g
compiled by D r . J . K . F r e n k e l of i n s t i t u t i o n s p r o v i d i n g "Education and T r a i n i n g
O p p o r t u n i t i e s i n Comparative ~ a t h o l o g y " . F o r t y - t h r e e p r o f e s s o r s and t h e i r s p e c i a l i t y
a r e a s , academic programmes, d e g r e e s , and a f f i l i a t i o n s a r e l i s t e d .
Additional copies
may b e o b t a i n e d from Room 309, N a t i o n a l Academy of S c i e n c e s , 2101 C o n s t i t u t i o n
Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20418, U.S .A.
20TH WESTERN FOREST INSECT WORK CONFERENCE, ( U N I T E D STATES AND CANADA)
COER D'ALENE, IDAHO - MARCH 1 0 - 1 3 , 1 9 6 9
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P a n e l Discussion: "Microbial C o n t r o l of F o r e s t I n s e c t s
P a s t , P r e s e n t , and
F u t u r e " i s scheduled d u r i n g t h e p l e n a r y s e s s i o n on March 11, 10:15-11:30 a.m. P a n e l
Moderator w i l l be D r . Bohdan Maksyniuk, F o r e s t r y S c i e n c e s L a b o r a t o r y , P.O. Box 887,
C o r v a l l i s , Oregon 97330, and p a n e l i s t s w i l l p r e s e n t t h e p o i n t s of view of r e s e a r c h e r s ,
pathogen p r o d u c e r s , e d u c a t o r s , e n g i n e e r s and p e s t c o n t r o l l e r s .
Several concurrent
workshops w i l l f o l l o w t h e above p a n e l , i n c l u d i n g one on i n s e c t pathogens (2.5 h r . ) .
Workshop l e a d e r : D r . C l a r e n c e Thompson a l s o o f F o r e s t r y S c i e n c e s Laboratory.
PAYMENT FOR 1 9 6 9 MEMBERSHIP
Regular
Membership renewals a r e due and should b e p a i d d i r e c t l y t o t h e S e c r e t a r y .
membership i s $4 and f o r t h o s e members who wish t o p u r c h a s e volumes of t h e J o u r n a l
Payment s h o u l d b e
of I n v e r t e b r a t e Pathology, $10 f o r each volume should b e added.
made i n U.S. d o l l a r s .
An a d d i t i o n a l $1.20, o r $11.20, i s r e q u i r e d from members
l i v i n g o u t s i d e t h e U.S.A. and Canada, t o cover p o s t a g e and h a n d l i n g .
NEWS I T E M S WELCOME
I n f o r m a t i o n on d a t e s of c o n f e r e n c e s , new books, new p u b l i c a t i o n s , new i n s t i t u t i o n s ,
P l e a s e send t o t h e E d i t o r .
changes, t o p i c s and r e s e a r c h themes would be most welcome.
SOCIETY FOR INVERTEBRATE PATHOLWY
February 2I. 1969.
Dear Fellow Member / Cher confrere,
Please f i n d enclosed the second Newsletter f o r t h i s yaar.
I n i t you w i l l f i n d an announcement of the Annual Meeting t o be held
a t the University of Vermont, Vermont, Burlington t h i s August.
D r . Thomas Cheng has included forms f o r the submission of papers and
a l s o f o r r e g i s t r a t i o n f o r t h e Conference.
I have included additional renewal and membership forms.
I f you have already paid your membership, please disregard these.
Perhaps you could pass them on t o new p o t e n t i a l members.
vous trouverez c i - i n c l u s l e deuxi'eme "Newsletter" de c e t t e
a n d e . La brochure contient a u s s i l ' a v i s concernant l a Rencontre
Annuelle devant avoir l i e u 3 l ' U n i v e r s i t 8 du Vermont, Vermont,
Burlington, au mois dlAoGt prochain. D r . Thomas Cheng vous envoie
des formules permettant l a soumission de papiers s c i e n t i f i g u e s e t
d'emegistrement ?
l ai
Confeience.
D'autres formules pour nouveam membres e t renouvellemenr
y sont a u s s i ajouteks. S i vous avez de'j'a paye'votre c o t i s a t i o n , j e
vous p r i e r a i s de n'en f a i r e aucun cas. Vous pourriez a l o r s l e s passer
'a de f u t u r s membres.
Yours s i n c e r e l y / Sinc'erement vijtre,
H. E. Welch,
HEW: sl
Secretary-Treasurer.
FIRST AIBS NATIONAL BIOLOGICAL CONGRESS
6-10 NOVEMBER 1970
DETROIT, MICHIGAN
FOR IbIFIEDIATE RELEASE:
The Governing Board of t h e American I n s t i t u t e of Biological Sciences,
a t i t s recent meeting, passed a r e s o l u t i o n t o hold NATIONAL BIOLOGICAL
The F i r s t Congress w i l l be held i n
CONGRESSES i n 1970, 1971, and 1972.
D e t r o i t , Michigan, 6-10 November 1970, under the Chairmanship of
D r . W i l l i a m D. McElroy of Johns Hopkins University.
The Congresses w i l l be concerned with various S o c i a l , Educational and
The morninq sessions w i l l be devoted t o i n t e r d i s S c i e n t i f i c problems.
c i p l i n a r y symposia covering t h e major s c i e n t i f i c advances i n a l l areas of
Biology.
National and I n t e r n a t i o n a l leaders i n t h e Bio-Medical Sciences
w i l l be i n v i t e d t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n these symposia.
Afternoon sessions w i l l be devoted t o papers contributed by b i o l o g i s t s
a c t i v e i n s p e c i f i c research.
Progress i n areas of biology ranging from
molecular, g e n e t i c and developmental biology t o evolutionary, e c o l o g i c a l
I n v i t a t i o n s w i l l be extended
and environmental sciences w i l l be reviewed.
t o younger s c i e n t i s t s t o c o n t r i b u t e o r i g i n a l research papers t h a t w i l l shed
a d d i t i o n a l l i g h t on the s u b j e c t s covered by the major symposia.
Special evening programs, open t o t h e public, w i l l be designed t o provide a forum i n which the i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s of biology, technology, s o c i e t y
and public a f f a i r s a r e considered.
National, S t a t e and Local leaders w i l l
be i n v i t e d t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e s e public meetings.
Among the t o p i c s t o be
considered, f o r whose s o l u t i o n b i o l o g i c a l knowledge is v i t a l , a r e water and
a i r p o l l u t i o n , p e s t c o n t r o l , population pressures, community health, food
q u a l i t y and the e f f e c t s of drugs on human development and behavior. We
need your i d e a s on other topics t h a t might be considered.
Educational and s c i e n t i f i c program w i l l be arranged f o r l o c a l high
school and college students who a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n a c a r e e r i n t h e b i o l o g i c a l medical sciences.
I n a d d i t i o n t o l e c t u r e s by outstanding s c i e n t i s t s , there
w i l l be s p e c i a l programs by leading science councilors who w i l l d e s c r i b e
c a r e e r o p p o r t u n i t i e s i n biology.
Exhibits by book publishers and s u p p l i e r s
I n a d d i t i o n , organized tours
of equipment w i l l be of i n t e r e s t t o s c i e n t i s t s .
f o r s t u d e n t s and t h e general public a r e planned i n order t o give them an
opportunity t o s e e the c u r r e n t "tools" used by the b i o l o g i s t s .
I t should be c l e a r l y understood t h a t the National Biological Congress
w i l l not supplant the r e g u l a r AIBS Meetings, which w i l l continue t o be h e l d
on college campuses i n l a t e August.
As you know, the 1969 Meeting w i l l be
held a t the University of Vermont, Burlington, 17-22 August, and plans a r e
w e l l under way f o r the 1970 Meeting which w i l l be held a t Indiana University,
23-28 August.
For f u r t h e r information, please contact D r . John R. Olive, AIBS,
3900 Wisconsin Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20016.
SOCIETY FUR TNWRTEERATE PATHOLOGY
NEW MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION OR MEMBERSHIP RENEWAL
Name
Date
(Last)
(First)
(Initial)
A d d ~ y si n f u l l
.
Pro{
Zip Code
',
Ms i o n a l
Interests:
,
.P\.
.
Remittance
i n U.S. D o l l a r s
2 ,
t Membership 1969
~
e ~Membership
' ~ r
:.).
$2.00
1969
$4.00
~ o u @ $ n Membership
~
1969
Reg#pr Membership
Rell($ar Membership
I
+ Vols.
+ "01s.
13 & 14
- i n U.S.A.
1 3 & 14
-
and Canada
o u t s i d e U.S.A.
+ Vols.
1 3 & 14
-
FoqQing Membership
+ Vols.
13 6 14
- o u t s i d e U.S.A.
I%
V o w
lo,
a
$15.00
Fog!$$ing
Membership
..
..f
i-7
i n U.S .A.
$24.00
and Canada
and Canada
and Canada
n
-
$26.40
a
$35.00
u
$37.40
a
11, and 12 nay b e ordered s e p a r a t e l y
- U.S.
-
U.S.
$10.00 i n U.S.A.
and Canada Vol. No.
$11.20 o u t s i d e U.S.A. and Canada Vol. No.
($1.20 f o r postage f o r each volume)
P l w e check t h e a p p r o p r i a t e box.
t h e remittance payable to:
v
El
Enclose the s l i p i n a self-addressed envelope.
D r . H.E. Welch,
Department of Zoology,
University of Manitoba.
Winnipeg, 19, Canada.
\
Peffpns becoming menhers i n t h e calendar y e a r 1969 w i l l be considered Charter Members.
d o l l a r s . Members o u t s i d e the U.S. are requested t o u s e
Do n o t send cash. Users of UNESCO coupons p l e a s e add 5%
t should b e made i n U.S.
Money Orders.
by UNESCO.