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Język angielski w laboratorium
Elements and inorganic compounds
29.10.2015
Compounds
czasownik
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Compounds
przymiotnik
Compounds
rzeczownik
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Inorganic compounds
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•
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•
oxide
acid
base
salt
• cation
• anion
• radical
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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/nomenclature-and-terminology.html
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Chemical nomenclature
Chemical nomenclature
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Simple compounds
Cations and anions
chlorine (Cl)
chloride (Cl-)
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Acids (binary)
• HCl
– hydrogen chloride (gas)
– hydrochloric acid (solution)
Acids (ternary)
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Acids
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Bases
• sodium hydroxide
• calcium hydroxide
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Salts
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Technetium
Shiny-gray transition metal, with atomic number 43, it`s the lowest atomic
number in the periodic table with no stable isotopes, every form of it is
radioactive; nearly all of Technetium is produced synthetically. Naturally
occurring technetium occurs as a spontaneous fission product in uranium ore
or by neutron capture in molybdenum ores. Mendelew predicted it and
named it Ekamanganese. Used in medical tests (Tc-99), for example, as the
radioactive part of a radioactive tracer, that can be detected (Graves`
disease).
It`s a beta-particle source.
No technetium isotope has a lajf-life longer than 4.2 million yrs, so it`s
detection in Red Giants was a proof to the theory that stars may produce
heavier elements.
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name
sód
2
property
compound
name
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wodór
potas
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gal
3
wapń
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technet
4
żelazo
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platyna
5
cyna
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fluor
6
cynk
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rtęć
7
chlor
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chrom
8
brom
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wanad
9
jod
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węgiel
10
fosfor
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nikiel
11
azot
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krzem
12
tlen
31
ołów
13
wolfram
32
arsen
14
miedź
33
antymon
15
srebro
34
siarka
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złoto
35
hel
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magnez
36
mangan
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bor
37
kadm
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bar
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kobalt
property
compound
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Compounds
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Calcium chlorate – Ca(ClO3)2
Calcium chloride – CaCl2
Calcium chromate – CaCrO4
Calcium fluoride – CaF2
Calcium hydride – CaH2
Calcium hydroxide – Ca(OH)2
Calcium oxalate – Ca(C2O4)
Calcium oxychloride – CaOCl2
Calcium perchlorate-Ca(ClO4)2
Calcium sulfate (Gypsum) – CaSO4
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Sodium borate – Na2B4O7
Sodium borohydride – NaBH4
Sodium bromate – NaBrO3
Sodium bromide – NaBr
Sodium bromite – NaBrO2
Sodium carbide – Na2C2
Sodium carbonate – Na2CO3
Sodium chlorate – NaClO3
Sodium chloride – NaCl
Sodium chlorite – NaClO2
Sodium cyanide – NaCN
Sodium dichromate - Na2Cr2O7.2H2O
Sodium ferrocyanide – Na4Fe(CN)6
Sodium hydride – NaH
Sodium hydrogen carbonate (Sodium
bicarbonate) – NaHCO3
Sodium hydroxide – NaOH
•
•
•
•
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Sodium hypochlorite – NaOCl
Sodium iodide – NaI
Sodium manganate – Na2MnO4
Sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) – Na2PFO3
Sodium nitrate – NaNO3
Sodium nitrite – NaNO2
Sodium oxide – Na2O
Sodium perchlorate – NaClO4
Sodium periodate – NaIO4
Sodium permanganate – NaMnO4
Sodium peroxide – Na2O2
Sodium phosphate; Trisodium phosphate –
Na3PO4
Sodium sulfate – Na2SO4
Sodium sulfide – Na2S
Sodium sulfite – Na2SO3
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Physical and chemical properties
Appearance
solid
glossy
colourless
dark
red
reddish brown
metallic luster
lustrous
silvery
shiny
purple-black
blackish-gray
crystalline
silvery-white
steel-gray
bright yellow
golden tingle
pale blue
Physical
diamagnetic
magnetic
ferromagnetic
plastic
conductivity conductive
ductile
malleable
hard
fusible (low fusible)
durable
brittle
fragile
soft
flammable; inflammable
dense
volatile
hygroscopic
Chemical
pure
passive
reactive
inert
nonmetallic
trivalent
Biological
antibacterial
poisonous
odourless
tasteless
Homework
• Organic chemistry – quick look at carbon compounds
• read the text
Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Ate There
• find answers assigned to you (in writing)
• list names of organic compound classes mentioned in
the text
• list interesting words found in the text
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The following collective names for groups of atoms are IUPAC-approved:
alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr),
alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra),
pnictogens (N, P, As, Sb, Bi),
chalcogens (O, S, Se, Te, Po),
halogens (F, Cl, Br, I, At),
noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn),
lanthanoids (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu),
rare earth metals (Sc, Y and the lanthanoids)
actinoids (Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr).
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