Covalent Nomenclature.notebook
November 28, 2010
Chapter 7 ­ Chemical Formulas Objectives
Write correct chemical formulas given the name of a compound.
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Identify the correct name for a chemical compound given
­
its formula.
Calculate formula mass and molar mass for chemical ­
compounds.
Use molar mass to convert between mass and moles for ­
chemical compounds
Calculate the number of molecules or formula units in a ­
given molar amount of a compound.
Calculate percent composition of elements in a compound
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Calculate the empirical formula and molecular formula of a
­
compound given the appropriate data.
Nomenclature
Process of naming elements and compounds
Rules for names and formulas
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Governed by the International Union of Pure and Applied
­
Chemists (IUPAC)
Separate sets of rules exist for the following classes of compounds
Binary molecular compounds
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Ionic compounds
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Organic compounds (in May)
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Complex ions (not covered)
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Binary Molecular Nomenclature
Binary means two elements
Both elements are non­metals
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Prefixes are used to show the number of atoms ­
of elements in a molecule of the compound.
4.
Number mono 1 di 2 tri 3 tetra 4 penta 5 hexa 6 hepta 7 octa 8 nona 9 deca 10 Examples:
Rules
Names
1.
2.
3.
Prefix Given a formula, provide the correct name for the compound.
First element retains its name.
Second element will end in ­ide.
Place prefix in front of each name
Exception ­ No "mono" in front of first name
Drop last "a" or "o" from prefix if the name begins with either
of the same letters.
CO2
carbon dioxide
SO3
sulfur trioxide
N2 O4 dinitrogen tetroxide
P2 O5 diphosphorus pentoxide
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Covalent Nomenclature.notebook
November 28, 2010
Rules
Molecular Compound Nomenclature
Given a name
1.
2.
Write symbols for each element.
Prefixes tell you what subscripts to assign to each element
Example
Given a name, provide the correct formula.
carbon monoxide
CO
diarsenic pentoxide
As2O5 sulfur hexafluoride
SF6
1
3
What is the correct formula for sulfur dioxide?
Grade: «grade»
Subject: «subject»
Date: «date»
2
What is the correct formula for carbon tetrachloride?
A
SO
A
CCl2
B
SO2
B
CCl3
C
S2O
C
CCl4
D
S2O2
D
CCl5
What is the correct formula for dinitrogen trioxide?
A
4
What is the name for the compound with the formula ICl
NO3
B
NO4
A
C
N 2O 4
B
monoiodine monochloride
D
N2O 3
C
monoiodine chloride
D
iodine chloride
iodine monochloride
2
Covalent Nomenclature.notebook
5
What is the name for the compound with the formula Cl2O?
November 28, 2010
6
What is the name for the compound with the formula PBr5?
A
chlorine monooxide
A
phosphorus bromide
B
chlorine dioixde
B
phosphorus tetrabromide
C
dichlorine monoxide
C
phosphorus pentabromine
D
dichloride oxide
D
phosphorus pentabromide
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