CBTIS 122
R.
R.
R.
AD2016
ENGLISH I
Module 1
Who I am
T O P I C S:
Personal Pronouns (I, you, we, they, he, she, it).
The Verb “To Be” (simple present, am, are, is).
Possessive Adjectives (My, your, our, their, his, her, its).
The verb “To Have”
Singular and Plural nouns (regular / irregular).
Articles (A/An/The).
Question Words (WH questions).
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Personal Pronouns
PERSONAL PRONOUNS.
We use the personal pronouns to
substitute the people´s names or
things´names.
I (Yo)
You (Tu)
We (Nosotros/as)
They (Ellos/as)
He (Él)
She (Ella)
It (Eso/Aquello) for things/animals in
singular.
*Example:
Lisa is my sister = She is my sister.
Peter and Jack are friends = They are
friends.
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PERSONAL Spanish Meaning
PRONOUNS
I
You
We
They
He
She
It
Yo
Tu (singular) / Ustedes
(Plural)
Nosotros/as
Ellos/as
Él
Ella
Eso (una cosa o un animal)
The verb To Be (Simple Present)
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We use the verb to be:
 To express location.
Example:
I am in class.
 Personal pronouns (I, you, we, they,
he, she, it) use
am, are or is.
She is here.
They are in the football field.
He’s in my house.
We’re in the Classroom.
 To describe something about yourselfor somebody else.
Example:
Mary is my sister.
You are my classmate.
Peter and I are friends.
I’m Mexican.
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She’s my mother.
 The Verb To Be means in Spanish
SER/ESTAR.
The verb TO BE structure.
Correct form of the verb TO BE…
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(+) AFFIRMATIVE
 I am (yo… soy/estoy)
 You are (tu… eres/estas)
 We are (nosotros/as… somos/estamos)
 They are (ellos… son/estan)
 He is (el… es/esta)
 She is (ella… es/esta)
 It is (eso, aquello… es/esta)
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a) am, is, are = TO BE
(-) NEGATIVE (not)
 I am not (only)
 You are not
 We aren’t
 They are not
 He isn’t
 She is not
 It isn’t
b) are not = aren’t
c) is not = isn’t
(Q:) QUESTION ?
 Am I
 Are *you
 Are we
 Are they
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(s.a.) Short Answer:
…?
…?
…?
…?
 (+)Yes, I am.
 (-)No, I am not.
 *(+) Yes, I am.
 *(-) No, I am not.
 (+) Yes, we are.
 (-) No, we aren’t.
 (+) Yes, they are.
 (-) No, they aren’t.
(Q:) QUESTION ?
 Is he
 Is she
 Is it
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(s.a.) Short Answer:
…?
…?
…?
 (+)Yes, he is.
 (-)No, he isn’t.
 (+) Yes, she is.
 (-) No, she isn’t.
 (+) Yes, it is.
 (-) No, it isn’t.
EXAMPLES:
REMEMBER…
The verb TO BE uses three
different forms: AM, ARE, IS you
can use them in affirmative form.
LOOK THE CORRECT FORM…
 Ana and Sue are friends.
 It (the car) isn’t big.
 My sister is pretty.
 We are not the champions.
 She isn’t in the airport.
Use am not, aren’t and isn’t in
negative form.
 Is Nick your brother?
Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
To ask questions with…
AM (I…)?
 They aren’t friends, just classmates.
ARE (you, we, they…)? and
 Karen is smart.
IS (he, she, it)?
 Am I good friend?
Yes, I am. No, I am not.
 Jack isn’t my cousin, he’s my brother.
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 Are you ready to start…? (your
answer)
Possessive Adjectives.
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Possessive Adjectives.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES
I
You
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my
Your
my
Personal Pronouns: You can
The possessive adjectives
use them to substitute the name of
people or things.
I (yo)
You (tu)
We (nosotros/as)
They (ellos/as)
He (el)
She (ella)
It (eso/aquello)
are used for the first (I) and
second person (you) singular. They go
before nouns, without articles.
and
your
Example:
What’s your name? My name is Larry.
Are you Brazilian? No, I‘m Mexican.
Possessive Adjectives examples:
 I like my cell phone.
 You like your cell phone.

We use my/your + a noun (people or things):
My hands.
 This is my car.
 This is your bike.
 My house is big.
 Your house is small.
Your best friend.
 My favorite subject is English.
 Your favorite subject is History.
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Possessive Adjectives.
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Possessive Adjectives.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES
I
You
We
They
He
She
It
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my
Your
Our
Their
His
Her
Its
Possessive Adjectives examples:
 I like my job
 You like your job.
 We like our job.
 They like their jobs.
 He likes his job.

We use my/his/her, etc + a noun (people or
things):
My hands.
His mother.
 She likes her job.
Her new car.
 Hawaii is famous for its
Our house.
beaches.
Your best friend.
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Their room.
THE VERB TO HAVE
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The verb to have…
 We use the verb to have:
 Personal pronouns use have
or has.
 To express possession.
Example:
I have a pet…
 To describe people, animals and
things.
(How they look like).
Example:
Mary has fair hair…
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 Do and Does are auxiliaries
to use (-) negative, (Q:)
question and (s.a.) short
answer forms.
The verb to have structure.
Correct form of the verb have…
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(+) AFFIRMATIVE
(-) NEGATIVE (not)
 I have (yo tengo)
 I don’t have
 You have (tu tienes)
 You don’t have
 We have (nosotros tenemos)
 We don’t have
 They have (ellos tienen)
 They don’t have
 He has (el tiene)
 He doesn’t have
 She has (ella tiene)
 She doesn’t have
 It has (eso/aquello tiene)
 It doesn’t have
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a) has = only 3rd person
b) do not =don’t
c) does not =doesn’t
(Q:) QUESTION ?
 Do I have …?
 Do *you have …?
 Do we have …?
 Do they have …?
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DO =Auxiliary to ask
(s.a.) Short Answer:
 (+)Yes, I do.
 (-)No, I don’t.
 *(+) Yes, I do.
 *(-) No, I don’t.
 (+) Yes, we do.
 (-) No, we don’t.
 (+) Yes, they do.
 (-) No, they don’t.
(Q:) QUESTION ?
 Does he have ?
 Does she have ?
 Does it have ?
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Does =Auxiliary to ask (3rd person)
(s.a.) Short Answer:
 (+)Yes, he does.
 (-)No, he doesn’t.
 Yes, she does.
 No, she doesn’t.
 Yes, it does.
 No, it doesn’t.
EXAMPLES:
LOOK THE CORRECT FORM…
 Bob and Ana have a dog.
 It doesn’t have any sense.
REMEMBER…
Has only in 3rd person
affirmative form.
Use don’t and doesn’t in
negative form.
 My cousin has three cars.
 We don’t have money.
 She doesn’t have boyfriend.
 Does Nick have children?

To ask questions with do
(I, you, we, they) and does
(he, she, it)
“doesn’t has” NEVER




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Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
They don’t have books, they have magazines.
Mary has long hair.
Do I have homework?
Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Jason doesn’t have brothers.
Do you have any question? (your answer)
PLURAL NOUNS
Apples
Tomatoes
Keys
Babies
Boxes
Wolves
Plural nouns …
REGULAR
Singular >>> Plural.
IRREGULAR
Singular >>> Plural.
 Dog >>> dogs.
 Man >>> men.
 Watch >>> watches.
 Woman >>> women.
 City >>> cities.
 Child >>> children.
 Wife >>> wives.
 Foot >>> feet.
 Car >>> cars.
 Tooth >>> teeth.
 Match >>> matches.
 Fish >>> fish.
 Potato >>> potatoes.
 Mouse >>> mice.
 Lion >>> lions.
 Person >>> people.
Regular
rules:
SINGULAR:
One pen.
One apple.
One cup.
One elephant.
a)
 To make the plural form of the most
nouns: add… -s.
 Twelve pens.
 Seven apples.
 Four cups.
 Five elephants.
add… -s.
Regular
rules:
SINGULAR:
One baby.
A city.
One dictionary.
A party.
 End of the noun: CONSONANT + y.
 Plural form: change y to i, add –es.
 Three babies.
 Eleven cities.
 Nine dictionaries.
 Two parties.
b)
add… -ies.
Regular
rules:
SINGULAR:
One boy.
A key.
One day.
A monkey.
A guy.
c)
 End of the noun: VOWEL (a,e,i,o,u) + y.
 Plural form: add –s.
 Twenty-one boys.
 Two keys.
 Eight days.
 Ten monkeys.
 Six guys.
add… -s.
Regular
rules:
SINGULAR:
A wife.
A thief.
One shelf.
One wolf.
A knife.
d)
 End of the noun: - fe. or - f.
 Plural form: change f to v, add –es.
 Two wives.
 Five thieves.
 Six shelves.
 Many wolves.
 Forty knives.
add… -ves.
Regular
rules:
SINGULAR:
A dish.
One match.
One class.
A box.
e)
 End of the noun: - ch, - sh, - ss, - x.
 Plural form: add –es.
 Ten dishes.
 Many matches.
 Three classes.
 Six boxes.
add… -es.
Regular
rules:
SINGULAR:
One potato.
A tomato.
SINGULAR:
A radio.
One zoo.
f)
End of the noun: CONSONANT + O.
 Plural form: add –es.

 Six potatoes.
 Seven tomatoes.
add… -es.
End of the noun: VOWEL (a,e,i,o,u) + O.
 Plural form: add –s.

 Two radios.
 three zoos.
add… -s.
These things are plural in English
SCISSORS
GLASSES
PANTS
Do you wear glasses?
JEANS
SHORTS
PAJAMAS
I need the scissors. Where are they?
Question Words (WH questions).
WH Questions also are called Question
Words.
(WHO…?, WHAT…?, WHERE…?, HOW…?
etc…and they are looking for specific
information.
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Spanish Meaning
WH Question…?
NOTE:
What…
Where…
Que ?
Cuál
Donde?
WH Questions are
looking for
specific
information.
When…
How…
Cuando?
A donde
(Tiempo, días, años,
etc)
Como?
De que manera
Why…
Por que?
Respuesta… because
Who…
Quien?
Quienes (persona/s)
What time…
How old…
How often…
How much…
How many…
A que hora?
(minutos, horas, etc)
Que edad?
Cuantos años
WH Questions are
used before the
verb TO BE…
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Que tan a menudo? Con que frecuencia
Cuanto/s?
* no contables
Cuanto/s?
* contables
DON’T FORGET THE QUESTION MARK…
?
WH Question examples...
 WHO…?
We ask questions about people.
Who’s that? My friend Kim.
 WHAT…?
We ask question about things, animals and actions.
What’s your favorite sport? Basketball.
Examples:
Man >>> men.
Woman >>> women.
 WHERE…?
We ask about places.
Where
Foot
>>> feet.are
you from? I am from Madrid.
Child >>> children.
Tooth >>> teeth.
>>> fish.
Fish
HOW
ARE YOU…?
Mouse >>> mice.
We ask about someone’s health or to find out someone’s news.
How are you? Fine, thanks.
Person >>> people.
 HOW OLD…?
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We ask about someone’s age.
How old are you? I’m thirteen years old.
WH QUESTION examples…
WH QUESTIONS (VERB TO BE)
P.P.
T
I
M
E
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PRESENT
I
WH Question...EXAMPLE… (?)
How old
am I?
you* Where are you?
we Who are we here?
TO BE they Why are they in Mexico?
he Where is he?
she How old is she?
it What is this thing?
SPECIFIC ANSWER
I am sixteen years old.
I am in my house.
Joe, Caroline, Jenny and I.
Because they are on vacations.
He is in the hospital.
She is ten years old.
It is a car.
WH QUESTION FORM…
T
I
M
E
What…
Where…
When…
How…
Why…
Who…
What time…
How old…
How often…
How much…
How many…
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PRESENT
WH QUESTIONS (VERB TO BE)
(1)WH
QUESTIONS
TO BE
(2)TO BE FORM…?
(3)SPECIFIC
ANSWER
…are (you,we,they)...?
SPECIFIC
ANSWER
SPECIFIC
ANSWER
…is (he, she, it)...?
SPECIFIC
ANSWER
…am I... ?
A r t i c l e s
Definite (The) & Indefinite (A/An)
DEFINITE.
 DEFINITE ARTICLE:
 To talk about something
SPECIFIC. (SINGULAR OR
PLURAL).
 THE + (CONSONANT or
VOWEL, start with) =
EL/LA/LOS/LAS
*Example:
The umbrella. The tigers.
The car.
The girls.
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INDEFINITE.
 INDEFINITE ARTICLE:
 To talk about something GENERAL.
- (ONLY SINGULAR) A + CONSONANT (start with) = UNO (UN)/UNA
An + VOWEL (start with) = UNO(UN)/UNA
* Example:
CONSONANT: A dog. A book. A cell phone.
VOWEL (a, e, i, o, u) : An orange. An idea. An apple.