Name: ______________________
Score:__________
WHAl ARE, ~IiHE
ELECTRICAI~CHAIIGE OF
EACH PART OF THE~IlTOM?
l
147
AIM I
What are the electrical charges
24 I of each part of the atom?
'lou probably
know that the word "charge" is used in
electricity
You have heard about "charging
a battery."
There are two kinds of charges.
There are positive
(plus) charges and negative (minus) charges. Scientists
have
learned that some parts of the atom 11ave positive charges
and other parts have negative charges. What are the names of
these parts '?
PROTONS have positive ( +) charges.
ELECTRONS have negative (-) charges.
NEUTRONS have no charges. They are neutral.
An atom has the same number of protons as electrons.
For example. if an atom. has six protons, it also has six e lectro n s.
Therefore.
the number of positive charges equals the
number of negative
charges. The opposite
charges balance
each other. Because of this, THE WHOLE AT 0 M HAS NO
CHARGE.
,;;
'148
CORRECf
THE CHART
Make this chart correct by circling the right llnswers
Band C.
Use freehand to circle the correct answer.
A
B
Part
of
c
Electrical
the atom
Where it is found
charge
..-
-- ---_
inside the nucleus
plus
minus
outside the nucleus
none
proton
neutron
.
eiectron~
_____
ill columns
I
!I
inside the nucleus
plus
III inus
outside the nucleus
none
inside the nucleus
plus
minus
none
outside the nucleus
I
I
I
A.
lB.
L
Look at this diagram carefu lly. Then answer the questions
next .to the diagram.
1.
a}
How many
protons
have?
.
b) How many electrons
does this atom
_
does this atom
have?
2.
a)
How many plus charges does this
atom have?
b)
3.
How many minus charges
does this
atom have?
_
The plus and minus charges
do, do not
balance each other.
149
4.
Altogether, this atom has __
--,_-,..a plus charge,
--,,......._
!l minus
charge, no charge ---,
5.
What is the atomic number of this atom?
6.
What is the name of this atom? (Check the Periodic Table on page 184.)
7.
What is its symbol?
3.
Fill in these numbers for this atom. Protons
Remember:
!Pl rotons
IE Ilectrons
~
_
_
= Electrons
= Atomic Number
=
:=
umber (atomic)
c.
H.
Now look at this diagram carefully, Then answer the questlons below.
1.
a)
How many protons does this atom have?
b)
How many electrons does this atom have?
a]
How many plus charges does this atom have?
b)
How many minus charges does this atom have?
2.
3.
150
The plus and minus charges __
-:---:----: __
do, do not
_
.
_
_
balance Bach other.
4.
Altogether this atom has
5.
What is the atomic number of this atom?
6,
What is the name of this atom? (Check the Periodic Table on page 184.)
"l,
What ,is its symbol?
a.
Fill in these numbers for this atom.
Protons = Electrons = Atomic Number
COlVIPLETING
SENTENCES
a plus charge, a mlnus charge, no charge
_
Complete the sentences with the words below. Two of these
words may be used twice, Two may be used three times.
same number
minus
protons
balance
no
electrons
1,
The main parts of an atom are
2.
The nucleus is made up of
3. _______
..
neutrons
plus
, -------
_
and
Electrons have a
6. Neutrons have ________
, and
_
charge.
,
charge,
charge.
1. A nucleus has a _________
charge.
O. An atom has the ________
of protons and electrons.
9.
__ ,__
spin around the nucleus,
4. Protons have a ________
I),
_
The plus and minus charges of an atom _.
10. An atomic number tells us how many
an atom has.
each other.
_
or
151
COrvlPLETE
THE CHART
Complete the following chart by filling in the blanks. Use the
Periodic Table to help.
rotons =
lectrons =
~ umber (atomic)
SI1
-----_._--_._-_._------_.
------------'+--17.
--
chlorine
--..
-..----.-.----...
----...-....
-.-.--.-.-------..
-.
---------------t---------t----------l
18.
6
------·r·-··--- ..---.---.--...--....---.. --.-----.-.-----.---..-----.- --------.19.
I
80
-------------_.
---.
__
..
-..
_-----_.-.-....
__
.---------_.
__
._---_._---_._--.__
._-_ ..
_------+----
20.
----+-------
iodine
-----------_._-_._
..
__
._..-----_
..
_-_
..
_._----..
----_._---------_._----j---------j------j
-~_:_-----------------------~~-----±
1
I
22.
uranium
----..
-.----__
--_.
__
..
_-----_
..
-- _.--_
..
_.
__
.--_
..
_---_.
__.--------------<----_._---'------___j
152