Holiday Inn, Arlington, Virginia
April 22 – 24, 2015
OVERVIEW: NSF US – EU Workshop
on 2D Layered Materials & Devices
Prof. Anupama B. Kaul
AT&T Distinguished Professor, MME & ECE (joint)
Associate Dean for Research & Innovation
The University of Texas-El Paso
Organizing Committee
US Chair
Prof. Anupama Kaul
U. Texas, El Paso
EU Co-Chair
Prof. Andras Kis
EPFL
US Co-Chair
Prof. James Hwang
Lehigh U.
Steering Committee
Dr. Dimitris Pavlidis
Program Manager, NSF
EU Chair
Prof. Jari Kinaret
Chalmers U.
Steering Committee
Dr. Wide Hogenhout
EU Commission
EU Co-Chair
Prof. Vladimir Falko
Lancaster U.
Program Manager
Dr. Sandra AguirreCovarrubias
U. Texas, El Paso
Workshop Sponsorship
National Science
Foundation
ENG/ECCS
University of Texas,
El Paso
College of
Engineering
Air Force
Research
Laboratory
MARCO
STARnet
Program
Thank You Sandra!!
Dr. Sandra Aguirre-Covarrubias
Assistant Director of Research
Office of the Dean
College of Engineering
University of Texas, El Paso
Workshop Program Manager
Workshop Assistants
Some Members of the Nanomaterials and Devices Group (NDL) at
The University of Texas, El Paso, are assisting with this workshop
Dr. Dalal Fadil
Postdoctoral Scholar
Prior Appointment:
University of Rouen,
France (Elec. Engr.)
Monica M. Lugo
Graduate Student
Materials Science
and Engineering
Gustavo Lara
Graduate Student
Electrical and Computer
Engineering
Alberto Delgado
Graduate Student
Materials Science and
Engineering
Please feel free to seek their assistance for any questions you may
have over the next couple of days related to the program, schedule,
etc…..they are wearing orange UTEP T-shirts today….
A Sequel to a Prior Related Workshop….
……..NSF / AFOSR Workshop – May 2012
http://nsf2dworkshop.rice.edu/
Organizing Committee
Pulickel Ajayan, Rice U.
Charles Ying
NSF/MPS/DMR
Anupama Kaul
NSF/ENG/ECCS
James Hwang
AFOSR
From Workshop To New Initiatives:
NSF / AFOSR Investment ~ $45 Million
NSF Director: AFOSR Director: Dr.
Patrick Carrick
Dr. Subra Suresh
Keynote: Dr. Dresselhaus
2012 Kavli
Prize Winner
NSF
Director
International Participants
(Europe, Asia, etc.)
NSF Management (ENG & MPS)
Three
Breakout
Sessions
2D Layered Materials
…..A Wide Range of Possibilities!
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides -
Boron-Carbon-Nitrogen System
MX2
X
M
• 88 compositions possible, but theory
predicts 44 stable choices.
• Depending on column of transition metal,
can get wide range of properties: metallic,
semiconducting, superconducting,
insulating.
2D “Building Blocks” for Designing New
Nanomodular Architectures
“Engineered” 3D
Artificial Crystals
(Heterostructures)
Novoselov,
Geim, “3D”
Graphene-hBN 2 nm
superlattices
Lateral 2D
Heterostructures
P. Sutter, Brookhaven Natl.
Lab., Nano Lett. 2014; “2D”
graphene-hBN superlattices
Examples of Some Other Activities
Flexible Electronics
Graphene-WS2
Tunneling FETS
Mechanical Properties
Kis, et al. ACS Nano (2012), EPFL
Georgiou, Novoselov, et al.,
Pu, et al. Nano Lett. (2012), Nature Nano (2012), UK
Taiwan
Logic Circuits: Inverter,
NAND Gates, SRAM Cell
from Bilayer MoS2
H. Wang, et al., J. Kong, T.
Palacios, Nano Lett. (2012)
Synthesis & Scalability
Synthesis &
Scalability
Top-down
Bottom-up
Y. Zhan, P. Ajayan, et
al., Small (2012)
J. Coleman, Trinity College,
Ireland (2012), UK
Examples of Some Recent Activities
Silicene
2D Analogue of
Graphene
Phosphorene
2D p-type material
Advanced
Characterization
D. Tomanek, Peide Ye,
ACS Nano 2014
P. Ajayan, B. Yakobson,
Lou, Goldberg, et al.,
Nature Comm. 2014
2D Si on Ag (111)
• Offer promise for direct
band-gap light emission, Si
lasers? Tunable FETs, etc.
Vogt, Le Lay et al. PRL (2012) –
France, Germany, Italy
Lin, et al. APEX (2012) – Japan
Ni, et al. Nano Lett. (2012) –
China
• bulk: black phosphorous,
• Nanomechanical
synthesized from white
phosphorous under high P
& T; only stable elemental
2D matl. besides graphene
cleavage of
monolayer MoS2
using in situ TEM
probing method
R&D Opportunities:
Example - Nanoelectronics
Beyond CMOS Architectures is an opportunity
area for 2D beyond graphene materials
Thermal Management: Heat load of CPUs has
pushed fan forced convection coolers to limits of
practicality; beyond air cooling….water cooling?
Size of coolers continues to increase while
transistor dimensions continue to decrease….
Scaled 3D Semiconductors
2D Layered Semiconductors
No out of plane
dangling bonds, fewer
traps, low scattering
R&D Opportunities:
Other Examples
Photonics & Energy Harnessing
Composition-controlled Band Gap
For Photonics: From THz to UV
Multi-junction Solar Cells
Flexible Electronics, LEDs,
Displays
Structural Applications
Example: hBN,
mechanically strong,
thermally robust, ideal
for extreme
environments, such as
in radar-evading lightweight composites
Sensors
Example: MoS2 flakes shown to
have electrochemical sensitivity
toward glucose & biomolecules
such as dopamine.
Valleytronics
Research Areas for Next 5-10 years
……this research is highly interdisciplinary
• Large domain, defect-
• New device physics arising
free crystals
from layer stacking of
• Controlling layer
dissimilar 2D material
number
systems that can lead to
Synthesis, Scalability
new functionalities
• Understanding growth
Nanomanufacturing
mechanisms on
Interface effects which can
multiple substrates
enable new properties and
new devices
• Development of
transfer-free methods
Role of contacts
Materials Property,
for 2D atomic layers
Chemical doping,
Characterization,
(unlike in graphene)
modification and lattice
Novel Devices
• Development of
manipulation of atomic
solution-based bulk
layers to tailor electronic,
exfoliation methods
optical, magnetic,
for atomic layers
mechanical & thermal
Modeling
&
Theory
properties
Non-invasive
characterization techniques
• Use of theory/modeling for helping accelerate experimental research
Development of
nanofabrication approaches • Predicting properties of new compositions, understanding role of
defects on properties, structure-property correleation
for devices & novel devices
• Device-level modeling tools
Area 2
•
•
•
Area 1
Area 3
•
•
World-wide Initiatives & Centers
on Graphene and Beyond
Some Selected Examples:
Europe: Graphene Flagship Mission ($1Billion Euros/10 yrs);
Manchester Graphene Center, etc.
USA: ARO / ARL – MURI on Beyond Graphene, NSF EFRI 2-DARE,
AFOSR BRI Program, NIST Materials Initiative, SRC/NRI STARnet
program; ONR / NRL – MURI on Graphene and Beyond; ARO
MURI on 2D Organic Materials, AFOSR – MURI on 2D for Flexible
Electronics, etc.
Asia: Graphene Research Center, NUS, Singapore; Samsung-SKKU
Graphene Center, Korea; Science of Atomic Layers (SATL), Japan;
Advanced Carbon Division, Shenyang Natl. Lab, China, etc.
Workshop Goals
Discuss
Key technical challenges, issues, opportunities
in material properties, characterization, synthesis, modeling,
device physics, and manufacturing
Prepare
Strategic recommendations for identifying paths to
overcoming challenges to enable opportunities through
synergistic collaborations, shared resources, new programs
Benefit
Research and Development
that can ultimately have a true impact on society
Participant Information
Total: 104 = Speakers (53) + Panelists (8) +
Guests (44)
Workshop Participants
7%
19%
12%
62%
Academia
Government Lab
Federal Agency
Industry
Participant Information
US Participants
EU Participants
Other Details
Group Photo….. Day 2: Thursday – Coffee Break
10:05 AM in this ball room
Please wear your badges
at all times, this lets us
know you have registered
Wed. , Thurs
April 22, 23
Breakfast: 7:00 AM-8:00 AM
Working lunch: 12:20 PM-1:30 PM (Wed.)
- 11:45 AM – 1:00 PM (Thurs.)
- buffet style, served outside ballroom
- please bring your plates back for
lunch speaker.
Working dinner: please check agenda for timing
- not buffet-style, sit-down for dinner
speaker.
Fri. April 24
Breakfast: 7:00 AM-8:00 AM
Morning coffee break only
Workshop Activities
1. Invited Technical Presentations
2. Invited Guest Speakers
3. Break-out Discussions and
Summaries
4. Panel Discussion
5. Poster Session
1. Invited Technical Presentations
Technical Sessions:
• Electronic Materials
Properties & Devices
• Optical Materials
Properties & Devices
• Theory & Modeling
• Elemental 2D Materials &
Devices
• Synthesis & Manufacturing
Presentation Guidelines:
• 15 minutes for each presentation.
• Review, Progress, Perspectives.
• Highlight any existing collaboration (US/EU) you have & how
do you envision a US-EU collaboration will help you in your
future research?
• Open discussion session at the end of each session for 15 – 20
minutes for any/all of the speakers in that session.
We Seek Your Help to Keep us
on Schedule!
Session Chairs to limit 1 clarification questions at end of each
15 min. talk; open Q/A at end of each session for ~ 20 min.
Flags: Pink: 13 min.; Yellow: 14 min.; Red: Time’s Up!
•
Slides should be uploaded into workshop laptop between
7:20 am – 7:55 am for all morning sessions, preferably also
for all afternoon sessions (at the latest, during lunch break).
•
Many people interested in attending this workshop but
space/budget limitations prevented us from accommodating
all requests. Posting presentations on web-site will be
valuable for wide public dissemination & educational
purposes. Request a copy of your slides prior to workshop
completion for posting on the web-site.
Workshop Activities
1. Invited Technical Presentations
2. Invited Guest Speakers
3. Break-out Discussions and
Summaries
4. Panel Discussion
5. Poster Session
2. Invited Guest Speakers
KEYNOTE Speaker:
Sir Konstantin Novoselov
University of Manchester, UK
Nobel Laureate
2010 Nobel Prize in Physics
Talk Title: “Heterostructures
from 2D Atomic Crystals”
2. Invited Guest Speakers
Working Lunch (Wed.):
Vladimir Falko, Lancaster U.
Talk Title: “IOP 2D
Materials Journal”
Working Dinner (Wed.):
Mark Suskin, NSF
Talk Title: “NSF International
Programs”
2. Invited Guest Speakers
Working Lunch (Thurs.):
Dennis P. Butcher Jr., AFOSR
Working Dinner (Thurs.):
Thomas N. Thies, IBM Research
Talk Title: “DoD International
Programs”
Talk Title: “Post-CMOS Device
Concepts Enabled by 2D
Materials”
2. Invited Guest Speakers
Closing Talk (Fri.):
Tony Heinz
Stanford University
Talk Title: “Probing Electronic
Properties of Atomically Thin
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide
Layers and Heterostructures”
Workshop Activities
1. Invited Technical Presentations
2. Invited Guest Speakers
3. Break-out Discussions and
Summaries
4. Panel Discussion
5. Poster Session
3. Break-out Discussions
Thursday: 1:00 – 2:50 pm
Topic 1: Materials Properties & Device Research
Leaders: EU Chair: Andras Kis
US Chair: Grace Xing
Scribe: Jeanie Lau
Topic 2: Theory, Modeling & Simulation
Leaders: EU Chair: Guido Burkard
US Chair: Vivek Shenoy
Scribe: Evan Reed
Topic 3: Synthesis & Scalability
Leaders: EU Chair: Juerg Osterwalder Scribe: Mauricio Terrones
US Chair: Manish Chhowalla
Break-out Discussions
Break–out participants for topic
Everyone should have
break out questions in
their folders
US Breakout
Chair
Scribe
Student Assistant will
collect names of
participants for each topic
EU Breakout
Chair
Workshop Final Report
Thursday
Afternoon
Topic 1
Break-out
Discussion
Friday
Morning
Presentations
POC:
US Breakout Chairs
Break-out
Summaries
Formal Report/
Recommendations
POC:
Drs. Kaul &
Hwang
Final
Workshop
Report
Topic 2
Break-out
Discussion
Break-out
Summaries
Formal Report/
Recommendations
Topic 3
Break-out
Discussion
Break-out
Summaries
Formal Report/
Recommendations
Break-out Questions – Consider the
following questions to tailor discussions
Current State of Field
1. Current state-of-the-field with respect to the specific break out topic (i.e. for topics 1 thru 3).
2. Can a roadmap for the topic/field be proposed or is it too early?
i. What are the key areas where 2D materials and devices are expected to (a) make a
substantial difference with respect to existing technologies; (b) can we help guide research
towards the interests and needs of industry?
Potential Challenges & Obstacles
1. What are the key areas in which knowledge and resources limit the progress of this field, as perceived
by US and EU researchers, which may prevent us from reaching the desired goals?
i. Can a collaboration help overcome these hurdles?
2. What is needed in the research infrastructure to transform the promise of this field to an area of
scientific and technological strength?
3. What lessons can we learn from prior research “waves” that will help speed-up R&D of 2D layered
materials and devices?
How can EU-US Collaboration Help Address Challenges?
1. How do you envision a US EU collaboration will help accelerate research for the topic and what are
some of the avenues you foresee as being valuable, such as bi-lateral exchange programs at all levels
(faculty, postdocs, students), shared facilities, etc?
2. Are there specific areas within each break out topic that should get priority for US-EU collaboration?
Why?
3. What are the objectives to be achieved within those topics?
4. How can the progress made through EU-US collaboration be measured?
Topic-specific Questions
Topic 1 - Materials Properties and Device Research:
1. Core challenges to address in 2D materials property characterization?
2. New characterization tools & approaches?
3. Integration of materials to devices, role of contacts, doping, substrates, etc.
4. Device challenges & opportunities in electronics, photonics, energy, flexible electronics,
sensors etc.?
5. Which devices and components will 2D materials and devices outperform and replace
among currently existing approaches: (a) active devices; (b) passive
components/applications; (c) other?
Topic 2 - Theory, Modeling and Simulation:
1. Modeling tools & techniques and the prospect of a materials property database?
2. Status of the US Materials Genome Initiative (MGI) and the US nanotechnology
knowledge infrastructure (NKI) signature initiative.
Topic 3 - Synthesis and Scalability:
1. Synthesis and scalability for translational opportunities.
2. What are the needs and potential barriers in global manufacturing of 2D based materials
and devices?
3. Roadmap for low-end and high-end applications, engagement with industry and
equipment manufacturers for scalability?
Workshop Activities
1. Invited Technical Presentations
2. Invited Guest Speakers
3. Break-out Discussions and
Summaries
4. Panel Discussion
5. Poster Session
4. Panel Discussion
Thursday 5:50 pm – 6:35 pm
“Panel on Research Programs on 2D Layered Materials,”
Few minute overview by each respective Agency/Program
& then open for discussion:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Jari Kinaret (EU Graphene Flagship)
Dimitris Pavilidis (NSF)
Ken Goretta (AFOSR)
Wide Hogenhout (EU Graphene Flagship)
Pani Varanasi (ARO)
Kiki Ikossi (DTRA)
Avram Bar-Cohen (DARPA)
Gernot Pomerenke (AFOSR)
Workshop Activities
1. Invited Technical Presentations
2. Invited Guest Speakers
3. Break-out Discussions and
Summaries
4. Panel Discussion
5. Poster Session
5. Poster Session
Wednesday 5:40 pm – 6:25 pm
A small poster session will be held on Wednesday
evening outside the ball room.
Some Final Additional Details:
• In your binders, sponsored by COE at UTEP, you will
find:
- Agenda of the workshop
- Poster titles and institutions
- List of break out questions that can help you
think about the questions for the discussions
on Thursday
Workshop Final Report
Final Report will be posted on Workshop Website:
http://engineering.utep.edu/useu2dworkshop/index.htm
Input in this report will come from
recommendations put forth by all of you….