THE ADAPTABILITY OF EVAPORATIVE VENTILATION AND
AIR-CONDITIONING TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA AND THE COUNTRIES ALONG THE
BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE
——Egypt
Arab Republic of Egypt is referred to as "Egypt",and located in the eastern part of North Africa.
The territory is also includes the east of Suez, the southwestern tip of the Sinai Peninsula in Asia.
Egypt is both a land transportation hub in between Asia and Africa .At the same time it is between
the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sea lanes shortcuts, and it is very important strategic position. In
"along the way" in Egypt as countries along with China is one of the world's four ancient
civilizations.It is the oldest kingdom in the world. But now it is not the ancient Egyptians of Egypt
and Arab,and culture is completely different. In Egypt has many attractions, such as the
internationally renowned pyramids, Valley of the Kings. The degree of diversification of the
Egyptian economy in the Middle East among the best. The important industries such as tourism,
agriculture, industry and services has almost the same proportion of development. Egypt is the
most populous country in the Middle East, but also Africa's second most populous country in the
economic, science and technology leader in the field of long-term trend,and
is the continent's
third-largest economy. While Egypt has a strong influence in the Middle East and Africa , but it
has not optimistic about the Egyptian economy, and the country most people are poorer.
Most of the whole territory of Egypt is from 100 to 700 meters above sea level,and it is a low
plateau.the Red Sea and the Sinai Peninsula hills have mountains. Desert and semi-desert accounts
for 95% of the country. Western Libya desert, two-thirds of the country's total area, are most of
quicksand.It is interrupted by Kharga, Siwa Oasis, etc.The eastern part of the Arabian desert are
more desert and bare rock gravel mound. Egyptian National are dry and less rainfall, hot and dry
climate. Its southern tropical desert climate, higher summer temperatures,and larger temperature
difference between day and night. Nile Delta and the northern coast is subtropical Mediterranean
climate.The climate is relatively mild, most of the rest area has a tropical desert climate. White
Nile rises in the southern hemisphere savannah climate zone. the Blue Nile rises in the northern
savannah climate zone are two different river flood. January average temperature is of 12 ℃.The
average July temperature is
of 26 ℃. The whole territory of dry and less rainfall,which with an
average annual rainfall of 50 to 200 mm. Most of the rest area has a tropical desert climate,which
hot and dry with temperatures up to 40 ℃. Every year between April and May is often "Pentecost
wind," entrained sand, damage to crops. Egypt overall climate is dry and has a rich dry air, which
is very suitable for the development of green, energy-saving, economic, health evaporative cooling
ventilation and air conditioning technology. The more dust weather, evaporative cooling
ventilation and air conditioning technology as a wet filter for outdoor air filtered.
A detailed analysis of the application of evaporative ventilation and air-conditioning
technology in Egypt is carried out below.
The dry bulb temperature and mean coincident wet bulb temperature of evaporative ventilation
and air-conditioning technology in Iran is modified from appendix: design condition for selected
locations in 2009 ASHRAE Handbook-Fundamentals.
Fig1 The difference between dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature in a typical city of egypt
Fig2 Design of evaporative cooling ventilation and air conditioning in psychrometric chart
It can be seen from Figure 1, the difference between wet and dry bulb temperature in different
parts of Egypt ,which is different and the difference in large, about 6 ~ 20 ℃. evaporative
ventilation and air-conditioning technology’s driving potential is large in these areas, which mean
abundant "dry air energy".While some areas need to be combined with other technologies to
achieve a common indoor comfort requirements.Meanwhile, the wet bulb temperature values
typical Egyptian cities is mostly in more than 20 ℃, belonging to evaporative cooling ventilation
and air conditioning technology adaptation area. we can see that Egypt is an evaporative cooling
ventilation and air conditioning technology application conditions area.
From the above analysis we can see clearly that evaporative cooling ventilation and air
conditioning technology has a better application prospect in egypt. The following sections present
the specific operation modes and outlet air temperature of evaporative cooling ventilation and air
conditioning technology in egypt.
According to the Civil Building Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning Design Specification
(GB50736−2012), the provisions of indoor state point N (26℃, 60%) is the same as the zone of
Shaanxi Province, selecting the ventilation state of O (18℃, 95%) as shown in Figure 2. We can
distribute the actual operating mode in these typical cities of egypt based on the psychrometric
chart which is confirmed by indoor state point N and ventilation state of O. The specific operation
modes are listed in table 1.
Table 1 The specific operation modes and the outlet temperature of evaporative ventilation and air-conditioning technology in Egypt
Outdoor State Point of
Standard outlet point of
W（Cooling1%）
Indoor state point of
O (18℃,95%)
Indirect
N（26℃,60%）
Operation
outlet
+Direct
temperatu
outlet
re ℃
temperat
City
Dry bulb
Wet bulb
Wet bulb
enthalp enthalpy humidity
temperature temperatur
Assiut
kJ/kg
g/kg
e℃
℃
39.3
20.2
Wet bulb
enthalpy humidity
temperature
y kJ/kg
g/kg
℃
59
49.5
12.5
17.5
mode
temperature
kJ/kg
12.9
20.3
+Direct outlet
temperature
℃
ure ℃
℃
59.2
Two Indirect
Direct
IEC+DEC
23.1
17.9
Cairo
36.7
21.3
62.9
49.9
12.5
17.5
59.2
12.9
20.3
IEC+DEC
23.6
19.6
Luxor
42.1
22.4
67.2
50.1
12.6
17.5
59.3
13
20.2
IEC+DEC
25.4
20.3
Alexandria
31.2
23.2
69.8
49.7
12.4
17.5
58.9
12.8
20.3
TWO IEC+DEC
24.8
22.6
21.4
26.4
24.8
24.1
Evaporative cooling
Port Said
31.1
25.2
77.9
49.7
12.4
17.5
58.9
12.8
20.3
+ mechanical
refrigeration
*DB—Dry-Bulb Temperature；WB—Wet Bulb Temperature；SE—Specific Enthalpy；HR—Humidity Ratio；DEC—Direct Evaporative Air Condition；
IEC— Indirect Evaporative Air Condition.
Table 1 can be seen from the data: Wash Ute in Asia and Cairo by indirect and direct evaporative
cooling air conditioning system can be theoretically reached 17.9 ℃. The air temperature is
19.6 ℃, and the cooling effect is remarkable. In Alexandria, Port Said and other places +
two-stage indirect evaporative cooling air temperature directly after the system up to 21.4 ℃,
24.1 ℃.It can meet the same requirements of indoor comfort. As can be seen from the above
analysis, in most parts of Egypt, using only the evaporative cooling ventilation and air
conditioning technology to meet the requirements of indoor comfort,.Only in extreme summer
weather conditions is requires the use of mechanical refrigeration to assist cooling.
Evaporative cooling technology is economical, green and environmentally friendly. The
following analyzes the application of evaporative cooling in Egypt.
1. Egyptian Pyramids
Egyptian pyramids were found in 96 so far, the biggest Cairo suburb of Giza's three pyramids.
Pyramid is an ancient Egyptian pharaoh's tomb built for himself. The Great Pyramid is the fourth
dynasty of King Khufu second tomb,which is built around 2690 BC.The original is 146.5 meters
high, due to long years of weathering, peeling off the top 10 meters, 136.5 meters high.The base of
each side is more than 230 meters,and triangles slope is 51 degrees,and the bottom area is of
52,900 square meters. The tower from is
the 2.3 million stone, each stone weighing an average
of 2.5 tons. It is said that 100,000 people took 20 years to be built. The pyramid inside the channel
opening, compact design, calculation precision is impressive.
Egyptian pyramids were found in 96 so far, the biggest Cairo suburb of Giza's three pyramids.
Pyramid is an ancient Egyptian pharaoh's tomb built for himself. The Great Pyramid is the fourth
dynasty of King Khufu second tomb,which is built around 2690 BC.The original is 146.5 meters
high, due to long years of weathering, peeling off the top 10 meters, 136.5 meters high.The base of
each side is more than 230 meters,and triangles slope is 51 degrees,and the bottom area is of
52,900 square meters. The tower from is
the 2.3 million stone, each stone weighing an average
of 2.5 tons. It is said that 100,000 people took 20 years to be built. The pyramid inside the channel
opening, compact design, calculation precision is impressive.
Khufu pyramid is the second son of King Khafre's tomb,which is built in 2650 BC, and three
meters lower than the former, but the spectacular architectural form more perfect. Built temples
and other ancillary buildings and the famous tower in front of the body of a lion like a human face.
Referring Khafre Sphinx face, the body of a lion and 22 meters high, 57 meters long, a carved
elephant ears there are two meters high. In addition to the entire statue outside the lion's claws, all
carved from a piece of natural rock. Since the stone loose and has experienced 4,000 years of
years, the entire statue weathered. Also face serious damage, it was said that Mam Luke it as target
practice due to the shooting, was also said to be the 18th century when Napoleon invaded Egypt
shelling traces.
The third pyramid of Cheops genus grandson door Kaura King, built around 2600 BC. It was the
fourth dynasty period of decline, the pyramid construction also began to decline. Mankaura height
of the pyramid suddenly reduced to 66 meters, the internal structure of chaos.
Fig3 Pyramid Appearance
Fig4. Sphinx Appearance
2.Peterhof
That Montazah Summer Palace is located in the eastern city of Alexandria, an area of 155.4
hectares, surrounded by jungle,which is a unique garden. 1952 years ago, the royal family has
been the summer. The waterfront is now open to visitors and anglers. He Difu · Abbas II built at
the turn of this century, Turkey - Florentine-style building, the royal summer resort. Palace closed
to the public, must pay attention to see the appearance of frequent theme of the letter F. It is said
that a king Fouad told Annunciation, the letter F will bring good luck to his family. Since he and
his son Farouk to their children and grandchildren are named beginning with F. Cairo.Alexandria
and Luxor than building more pluralism and openness, since ancient Greece and Rome had ruled
Egypt for 300 years. While Alexander is the main port to Europe, so here is neither authentic
pattern pharaoh culture which is not pure European style, but is still the favored by Chinese and
foreign tourists and cultural attractions.
Fig5 . Appearance of Peterhof
3.National Museum of Egypt
The Egyptian Museum is located in Tahrir Square in the center of Cairo, was completed and
opened in 1902.It is most famous and largest museum of ancient Egyptian artifacts in the
world.The museum collect historical relics of ancient Egyptian pharaohs 5,000 years ago until the
sixth century AD 250,000, most of the exhibits year more than 3,000 years.Museum is divided
into two layers, the exhibits respectively displayed in chronological order in dozens of
galleries.Many of the artefacts in the museum, such as the great pharaohs statue, the court of
Queen treasures made of pure gold, a large number of mummies, weighing 242 pounds of pure
gold mask of Tutankhamun and coffin, the fine workmanship is impressive.
Fig 6 The appearance of National Museum of Egypt
Fig7 The figure of inside the National Museum of Egypt
In front of Egypt typical buildings were briefly introduced, and then we have a brief
introduction to the refrigeration and air conditioning industry in Egypt market.
Chinese air conditioner brands in the fast-growing Egyptian market sales show a growing demand
for air conditioning Egypt and huge market potential. In recent years, under the political
environment is relatively stable, sustained economic growth, and jointly promote the internal
Egyptian market gradually rise.The market potential is also being further released.
Localization operators China air conditioning industry also enthusiastically embraced the Chinese
air conditioner market in Egypt an important reason. According to the characteristics and needs of
the Egyptian market, the Chinese air-conditioning brand corresponding brand strategy. Product
development and marketing has made adjustments, and efforts to create a localized product.
According to the relevant person in charge of Haier.Haier's goal is to become a global brand
localization. Product development and innovation are carried out in accordance with local user
needs. A few days ago, the Egyptian government plans to ban the production and import can set
the temperature to 20 ℃ or less air conditioning to cope with power shortages, and therefore the
promotion of energy-saving air-conditioning to be solved. At the same time for the Egyptian
market, Haier launched a wide-voltage characteristics of fluorine-free DC inverter air conditioner,
the product uses a wide voltage design, can achieve ultra-low voltage 150V quick start, and its
leading free inverter technology, can achieve three minutes fast heat, 1 minute speed cold,
ultra-low temperature start, users can better meet the air conditioning energy efficiency, comfort
needs.
Media air-conditioning products based on the actual market situation in Egypt has been improved.
In China, the voltage fluctuation of air conditioning products in 220V ~ 240V.While in Egypt,
voltage fluctuations product set in 180V ~ 260V. In addition, the air conditioning as much as
possible the amount of wind bigger, as compared with domestic products, an increase of about
20%. "Media-Egyptian market relevant person in charge said. Chinese air conditioner brand
localization strategy is also reflected in the corporate choice in Egypt and other African countries
have set up factories in the form of cooperation or sole proprietorship, the establishment of
production bases. Haier, Shinco has established in Tunisia and Nigeria air conditioning industrial
park, the successful implementation of a wide range of production and sales in Africa. While the
Media is holding local Miraco Egyptian company through acquisitions, investments, not only the
product, the brand localization, but also thanks to a local company achieved Miraco control
channels.
Each country has its own unique architectural style and customs, and the application of each
technology is inseparable from the local customs, evaporative cooling technology is an
example.
Egypt is an African cultural characteristics of Arab culture, during which is mingled with the
Levant cultural features. With the Arab invasion of the seventh century, the new rulers to protect
people and their own culture to Arabic and Islam spread. Egypt cities, middle-class living
conditions and lifestyle of residents of Europe and America is not much difference. In Cairo, for
example, in many bookstores, cinemas, the new opera house, cultural organizations and
universities, they have many opportunities to share and experience all aspects of the international
community. For the urban poor, although since the time of the pharaohs has been no change in the
monotony of life in rural areas compared to urban life some fun, but still quite tedious. TV and
movies as well as public celebrations, to people's lives adds to the fun. In busy hawker stalls sell
handicrafts and sweets, also here for weddings, music, singing monk, puppet shows, storytelling
and dance. In 1988 he won the Nobel Prize for Literature Naguib Mahmoud Rich hereby (Neguib
Mahfouz) novels vividly ,which is describe the various classes of modern Egyptian society screen.
Egyptians like to eat sweets, a formal dinner or a rich family dinner last dish is the dessert.
"Mallow soup", "Basic food pieces" is the Egyptian daily life the best food. "Gaimaierding"
Egyptians of essential food during Ramadan. "Bean" is essential for a food manufacturing
methods varied, the food is also made tricks. In the taste, the general requirements for light, sweet,
fragrant, not greasy. Roast whole string is their hospitality cuisine. It is worth mentioning is that
many Egyptians also especially fond of Chinese Chuanlai.
Egypt is an African cultural characteristics of Arab culture, during which is mingled with the
Levant cultural features. With the Arab invasion of the seventh century, the new rulers to protect
people and their own culture to Arabic and Islam spread. Egypt cities, middle-class living
conditions and lifestyle of residents of Europe and America is not much difference. In Cairo, for
example, in many bookstores, cinemas, the new opera house, cultural organizations and
universities, they have many opportunities to share and experience all aspects of the international
community. For the urban poor, although since the time of the pharaohs has been no change in the
monotony of life in rural areas compared to urban life some fun, but still quite tedious. TV and
movies as well as public celebrations, to people's lives adds to the fun. In busy hawker stalls sell
handicrafts and sweets, also here for weddings, music, singing monk, puppet shows, storytelling
and dance. In 1988 he won the Nobel Prize for Literature Naguib Mahmoud Rich hereby (Neguib
Mahfouz) novels vividly ,which is describe the various classes of modern Egyptian society screen.
Egyptians like to eat sweets, and a formal dinner or a rich family dinner last dish is the dessert.
"Mallow soup", "Basic food pieces" is the Egyptian daily life the best food. "Gaimaierding"
Egyptians of essential is food during Ramadan. "Bean" is essential for a food manufacturing
methods varied,.The food is also made tricks. In the taste, the general requirements for light, sweet,
fragrant, not greasy. Roast whole string is their hospitality cuisine. It is worth mentioning is that
many Egyptians also especially fond of Chinese Chuanlai.
Fig8 Egypt's "national dish" - beans
Fig9 Gaitayifu
Fig10 Cai Jin Tang
Egyptians green and white have deep feelings, and most people love these two colors. Green has
hailed
the auspicious color and white as "happy" color argument. They often encountered in
digital life Betcha also tired of the points, most people prefer to "5" and "7" numbers. That "5"
will bring the number of "lucky" that "7" is the number of a man revered by complete figures.
Because "Allah" to create the world spent six days in the first seven days of rest. So people do
some important things that always used a "7" number that the crane is a lucky bird. It is beautiful
and luxurious, a symbol of joy and longevity. Egyptians pet cat, cat King as a god, and depending
on the cat as a sacred spirit. In the eyes of the Egyptians, the cat is a symbol of the goddess in the
world, is the lucky mascot and it also the national animal reverent.