C r e a m S ep a ra t o r M a n u f ac t u r e R e ac h es It s
Zen i t h
i n th e P r i m ro s e
Progress and success are synonymous NO movement n undertaking can succeed
unless it advances M an s insatiate ambition t surpass the chi vements f h i fello w
man h wrought many and wonderful changes in the commercial life f the nation The
most wonderful the most far reaching change h been the right about face f the
business f dairy farming F scores f years a humdrum existence w lived through n
farms that had a few cows F inally the value f the dairy product became a conscious fact
to n man The invention f the cream separator was the result Progress has evolved
the cream separator from a crude affair t a highly efficient machine and h advanced
dairy farming t it rightful position — the head f the nation s business life
M any cream separators have sprung up overnight it were in an attempt to grasp
some f the har d earned honors and as they thought a part f the rich harvest f cream
separator production A few a very few have survive d the actual test of work and hold a
place in the ranks F oremost f these an d ren d ering greater assistance every day to the
business f d airy farming is the Primrose cream separator — the latest the most perfect
cream separ tor n w n the market D esigne d by men wh h ave spent their lives n
t
ting cream separators t h e Prim ose embo d ies the scientific principles the qua lities
and the materials which go t make up a perfect cream separator The Primrose i offered
t the A merican farmer in the intere ts f progressive dairy farming
.
o
,
’
o
.
a
e
o
as
o
,
o
or
.
!
.
o
as
o
.
s
’
o
o
.
as
.
,
o
,
o
,
o
.
o
s ru c
,
,
,
,
o
as
,
,
a
o
.
o
o
o
o
.
e
.
“
as
-
o
s
,
o
co
o
.
r
,
o
s
.
o
s
ri r
T he P m
ose
at
,
,
o
h o me in
.
a
r
mod e n farm da r
i y
r
oo m
Primrose cream separator N 3 Guaranteed separating capaci ty 6 50 pounds
gallons of milk per hour
The N o 4 i the largest f the Primrose line It is similar in ev ry w y to the N o 3
excepting in size It h a guarante d separating capacity of 850 pounds or
gallons
of milk per hour
O
.
.
or
,
.
.
s
o
.
.
as
.
e
a
e
,
.
A C r e am S ep ara t o r B al a n c e s the F a rm
A balanced farm is one w here the cream separator and dairy herd are the basis of
ti
ities and on which crop rotation is carefully and systematically practiced
D airy farmers well know that a balanced ration f
the cow means more milk in the
milk pail
Just as surely a balanced farm means more money in the bank at the end f the season
The use f a cream separator and the practice f d airying brings a rotation f crops
and the fundamental advantages which come from a balanced system f agriculture
They bring in cultivated crops w hich destroy weeds insects and plant diseases and retain
the moisture in the soil They add humus to the soil both by bringing in grass crops and
by means of the manure produced by the dairy herd They maintain soil fertility
E ighty per cent of the food consumed by the cows is returned
t the soil in the form f manure
The loss f 20 per cent f
all the food consumed i counter balanced by the rotation f
crops good drainage the a d dition f ground lime stone and good
deep tillage in preparing the seed bed
F or every h undred bushels f corn at the price of fifty cents a bushel there is $ 1 5 worth
of fertility taken from the soil so that the net profit on a hundred bushels f corn exclusive
of labor and marketing costs is only $3 5
S elling butter
A ton f butter fat at the present market price i worth about $ 6 00
fat alone from the farm the skimmed milk being used for feeding purposes th re i less
than fifty cents w orth f fertility taken from the soil for every ton f butter E xclusive
f labo r and marketing costs here is a net profit of
A cream separator and dairy herd provide a regular income
f
the farmer and furthers ec onomy and thrift by keeping h i
accounts balanced monthly instead of annual ly B utter fat sells t
a goo d price the year round It i taken t market three four
times a week and a check for payment in full is receive d by the farmer at the end f every
week at the most the end of every month The dairy business is a cash business and
the farmer can buy for cash thereby lessening the cost f livi ng p p tib ly
The cream separator makes it possible for the farmer to market his crops at a great
saving The average dairy w w ill convert three tons f hay and one ton f grain into 3 00
pounds f butter fat in about eight months It costs about $30 incl uding hauling and
freight charges t market the hay and grain in bulk The market value of the three tons
of hay and n ton of grain is about $6 6 Without considering the loss f fertility by selling
the crops direct the net profit f the transaction i only $3 6
The 3 00 pounds of butter fat i worth at the present market
price about $90 The cost of getting this quantity of butter fat
to market is estimated by reliable authorities as under $4 The
loss of fertility in this amount of butter fat is practically nothing
being less than ight cents The net profit on the transaction i $86
more by con
verting the hay and grain into butt r — di fference in favor f the cream separator nd
th dairy cow that is worth while to any farmer
v
ac
.
or
.
o
o
.
o
o
o
.
,
,
.
,
.
.
'
o
o
s
o
o
-
o
,
,
o
.
,
.
o
,
o
,
.
,
o
s
.
“
,
’
o
o
o
s
e
,
.
,
.
s
or
a
.
s
.
or
o
o
,
or
.
,
co
.
r ece
o
,
o
o
o
,
.
o
,
o
.
.
e
o
.
s
o
,
.
s
.
.
,
e
s
.
e
e
o
a
.
a
Primrose cream separator N o 2 Guaranteed separating capacity 450 pounds r
gallons of milk per hour
The N o 1 i the smallest f the Primrose line It has a guaranteed separating
capacity f 3 50 pounds or
gallons of mil k per hour
.
o
.
.
.
o
s
o
.
.
T h e P r i m ro se
T h O ne a dj u t m e nt C e a m S p a t
The Primrose cream separator is a realization of perfect separator construction The
process of construction by which this separator h been built up has been slo w The
length f time required however only insures its simplicity it efficiency and its
completeness
We can all remember the first crude noisy chugging affair that we first w and termed
an automobile It attracted considerable attention — couldn t help it on account of the
noise made There wasn t much enthusiasm wasted on it N ote the change that has
taken place in ten years The automobile is now almost the equal f a Pullman in the
luxury and ease of riding as well as the s w iftness w ith wh ich it covers the ground E very
person is its friend everyone has a desire to possess an automobile
The perfecting of the cream separator has been j ust as sure if slower It has taken
time only because of it limited appeal to one class of people and the education necessary
for its development The first crude separator the separating device of which consisted
entirely of a hollow bo w l did not offer a very great saving in time and labor It w a
start how ever in the right direction and gradually separators w ere brought up to a state
of efficiency where they w ere practical and a money saver for the dairy farmer
It remained ho w ever for the I H C line of cream separators
to demonstrate th high state of efficiency possible in such ma
chines Cream separators p to the advent of the I H C line
w ere machines of many gears requiring numerous adj ustments to
keep them in operating condition A fter the skimming devices had been perfected atten
tion was concentrated on the operating mechanism Improvement after improvement
w
made each one a decided advantag over other machines and the Primrose the n
adj ustment cream separator is the final result
B y this expression one adjustment r am separator we mean that the many adj usting
bearings screws and nu ts common to other separators have been eliminated in the Prim
rose In this separator it is necessary only to adj ust the height of the bowl This is the
n adj ustment feature and is required only in order to reduce friction and have the bo w l
run evenly The bowl spindle revolves on a hardened st el point This point w ith t h
high speed at which the bowl revolves of course w ill w ear ff slowly and will have to be
raised occasionally a fraction of an inch in order that the bowl may properly deliver the
milk and cream to their respective recepta les and to retain its perfect balance
The operating mechanism of the one adj ustment cream sep
t
consists of only four parts T h spiral pinion is supported
at either end by phosphor bronze bearings which firmly seated
in the frame The spiral pinion i constantly held in place and
keeps the spiral gear continually in mesh w ith t h bo w l spindle O th r separators of many
bearings and gears requir constant w at hing and adj usting of th ir numerous gears and
bearings The Primrose operates almo t noiselessly F ri tion is reduced to the minim
The bowl runs smoothly insuring full skimming capacity under all conditions It is a
separator that w ill sa e you money and give you y ears of service at small expense
e
s
-
r
e
ra o r
.
as
o
,
.
,
s
,
,
.
,
,
sa
,
’
.
’
.
.
o
.
.
,
.
.
,
s
.
,
,
,
as
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
e
.
,
u
,
.
,
.
as
e
,
,
,
!
c e
,
.
o
e
e
.
“
,
o
,
.
-
,
e
.
,
.
e
,
o
,
c
.
-
a ra o r
e
.
a re
'
s
.
e
s
.
,
v
e
c
e
e
.
.
c
.
.
’
«
D
T h e P r i m ro se C r e a m S ep ar a t o r i n th e M a ki ng
H i g h G d W k m nsh i p In
f t C n t u tio n
s P
The Primrose embodies the latest practical ideas for cream separators The parts have
been carefully worked out each doing its share in making the Primrose a valuable cream
separator to th dairy farmer
In the Primrose the designer avoided all complicated construction H made the
operating mechanism a simple direct drive — one which needs no adj ustment H con
structed the frame so that it supports the driving gears w ithout friction keeping them
constantly in alignment and working in perfect mesh The construction of the Primrose
has been the work of many months duration A corps of cream s parator experts assisted
the chief designer in working out the ideas in the experimental department and laboratory
at the manufacturing plant
E very part of the Primrose cream separator from the bowl
and frame to the smallest pin and screw i manufactured in one
large I H C plant The men making the various parts are not
only experienced w orkmen ! they are mechanics working in the
best surroundings and under the most favorable conditions possible in a factory
S tringent inspection is the l w necessary for the making and maintaining of the high
standards in Primrose cream separator construction A ll separators must pass a standard
rating so that the farmer may be sure that the separator he purchases is as good as it can
be made
E xperience h proved that it i not sufficient that the best materials be bought the
most modern equipment provided the highest standards of workmanship adopted and
the most capable men employed Together with these high grade cream separator n
struction demands that there must be rigid inspection at every
step beginning with the receipt of the w materials and ending
S uch in p
w ith a thorough test of the completed separator
tion is constantly conducted in the manufacture of the Primrose
cream separator The parts are inspected by men whose only duty it is to that they are
perf ct befor being forwarded to the assembling room In the assembling room they
come under the closest s rutiny of a second corps of inspe tors before any part is allowed
to be placed on the perfect parts bench from which they are taken to be assemble d into
a complete separator
F rom the assembling room Primrose cream separators are put on the testing floor
H ere they undergo the most rigid test it is possible to give a separator ! the bowls must be
perfectly balanced and adj usted ! the driving gears perfectly align d and meshing properly !
the spindle driving gear adj usted until it meshes exactly in the
center of the bowl spindle ! the splash oiling systems must be
F inally
w orking properly ! t h separators must run noiselessly
they must separate so thoroughly that only a drop or two of
cream i left in every gallon of milk skimmed E verything about the separators must
be up to standard before they are allow ed to go to the shipping room with the chief
inspector s O K attached
ra
or
e
su r e
a
er ec
o
s r
c
.
,
e
.
e
.
,
e
.
,
.
e
.
.
-
s
.
,
.
a
.
.
as
s
,
,
,
.
co
,
ra
,
,
s
.
see
.
e
e
ec
.
c
c
!
“
,
.
.
e
e
.
,
'
s
.
,
’
.
.
.
i nt r i r d v i p r v i d s
l r g s k i m m i n g s f nd h n
n ls f
r m
th w h l m i l k
d s k i m m d m il k t
f ll w
W h i t p i nt d rr ws i n d i t
w h l m i lk ! ll w h i t
rr ws
s k i m m d m i l k ! d b l k rr ws
T he
a
e
e
ce
o
e
ur a c e a
e
e
or
o e
e
an
o
o e
c ea m
e
a
o
!
o
.
ca e
o
e
an
a
a
c ea
o
a
e
c
,
e
e
r
o
ac
a
a
o
,
o
.
s ti
A
ec
bo w
l
o na
l
c ut o f
T he
sp a ce
ri r s
th e P m
t
o e
b e wee n t h e
d i s k s i n i f r m T h bb r
r i n g r st
s p i l s h ld r
ling h b l
ff t ll y
h
T h s p i n dl h d i s b
nt r d h gr t st w i gh t
f h b
l
.
s
e c ua
se a
e
e
e
ce
o
t
e
t
an
ow
.
ea
e
ru
e
.
s on a
e
e
o
u
e
ou
ec a
t
a
ea e
e
ow
e
o ve
e
t
,
.
e
T he
Tbl
u
u a
f d i ng sh ft
in p siti n
r
o
ow
oc
d isks
a
ee
b l l k i ng
T he
b wl
o
s h e"
d r a wn
o
fr st l
om
ee
C o nst r u c t i o n o f th e P r i m ro se B ow l
The Primrose bo w l is made entirely f steel It consists f three parts — steel hood
shell which forms the top and outer wall f the bo w l ! the interior device consisting f
the disks and tubular milk feeding shaft ! and a small nut for locking the hood bo w l shell
i n place This construction makes the Primrose bowl extremely strong and durable and
at the same time light
The spindle sets up w ell into the center f the bo w l D to its shape the greatest
we ight f the bowl is thus below its central point and the head of the spindle This con
struction balances the bo w l accurately enabling it to run evenly and practi ally free from
i brations F rom this construction also i insured the closest skimming and a full capacity
The bowl free of the S pindle is much more convenient to handle and to clean It is not
necessary to remove t h spindle from the machine and this saves jamming of the spindle
point in putting the bo w l back into the separator
The bowl shell pressed into shape from heavy steel sets down over the disks n to the
lower shoulder of the base To prevent milk leaking from the bowl a rubber ring is placed
on the se ond shoulder f the base The bowl shell fits snuggly against this rubber ring
but does not t n it ! nor is the rubber ring subj ected t the t w isting pressure wear
The rubber ring i in such
w hen the bowl is taken apart — the bo w l shell simply lifts ff
a position that the force f the milk against it tends to force it into the joint formed by t h
bowl shell and base absolutely sealing this joint B owl leakage does not annoy th
owner f the Primrose cream separator
o
or
a
o
.
o
,
o
,
or
.
.
o
ue
.
,
o
.
c
,
!
s
.
.
.
,
,
e
,
.
,
o
,
.
o
c
se
,
.
,
o
o
o
.
s
e
.
,
,
or
o
o
.
10
e
IO
w
o
j
-
W HO L E M
I
I
LE M L K
LK
C R EA M
C R EA M
I
S K M ME D
‘r‘
sk i i ng fi l d
r r s d isks N t th t
s p r ti n is p r t i lly pl t d
pp r third
d isk
ri ll
.
The
mm
th e
e
,
"
of
e
a a
th e P i m
o
th e u
ac
o e
com
ca
of
e
o e
.
a
on
e e
th e
T h e S ki m m i ng F ie l d
Th re e
r
i
r
s
r
ssists
sh pl inly
o n the P r i m ro se D is ks
The
st l d isks
ee
of
th
e
P m
ow
o e
.
Th
e c ea m a
a
Sp e c i a l C r e a m A ss i st s I ns u r e Pe rfe c t
W o rk
the Primrose disks the large cream butter fat particles are separated from the milk
just at the top f the disks and are moved immediately into the free cream zone provided
by the tubular milk feeding shaft This movem nt is hastened by the three cream assists
which are located at the top edge f the disks and mid way between the wings of the tubular
milk feeding shaft These three assists together with the tubular shaft wings make i
cream gatherers in the Primrose interior device for skimming — just double the number
t be found in other separators
The small cream butter fat particles not immediately forced into the cream zone
enter the skimming fi ld f the disks and gradually are separated from the milk finding
th ir wayup t the cream zone The cream assists have come to th ir aid by having provid d
a omparatively clear field between themselves and the w ings back f them into which the
small struggling cream particles enter and are then for ed qui kly into th free cr am zone
The Primrose disks provide a greater skimming surface than is found in other bowls
There are 27 % cubic inches f skimming surface against 1 7 % cubic inches common t
most disks
The disks f the Primrose are made of drawn sheet steel They ring like bells They
are given the most durable plating f tin possible Thes disks are very strong and durable
The t p disk is f special design it purpose being to act as a dividing w all bet w en the
cream and skimmed milk
On
or
o
e
.
o
s !
.
o
.
or
e
e
o
o
,
e
.
c
e
o
c
c
e
e
.
.
o
o
.
o
.
o
o
o
,
.
s
.
e
.
e
.
11
t b fl rd s i lk f hd ilng shm ft s pp r ts
p r vi db ss fr r b wl n stf rl s
f r ging h vil tinn d
a
u
u u a m
ee
t o th e
t h e W o e !m
d ' Sk s ' ee
o
e
a
ee c e a m zo e . a nd
It i s a
th e a e o f th e o
e
o
ea
y
he
.
o
th e
(" Sk s '
o
s
ti
n
l
t
b
l
r
sh
ft
w
by wh i h gwph ssing
l i lk i s d isks d isks wT pilknings
d isks v n
The
ec
o
a
th e
Io n
c
m
ee
c u t sh o
o e
,
th
s
m
e o p e n i ng s o u t o f
fe d t o t h
a ll t h e
th e
ls e
a
e
e
u
u a
o
.
T h e flo
.
to
th
of
a
e
m
e
T he T u b u l a r M i l k F ee d ing S h aft
A S te e l F o rgi ng
W i ng s
T h e Fr e e C r e a m Zo ne i s Be tw e e n th e
The milk feeding shaft f the Primrose is a carefully machined steel forging heavily
tinned with three wings which proj ect at right angles to the outer surface The milk is
fed from the shaft t the disks through thr e openings directly in front f the wings and
extending the whole length f the wings These openings and wings are designed that
they offer the l east possible resistance t the milk and distribute it uniformly t all the
disks B ack f the wings the shaft is made with flat surfaces The wings and the flat
surfaces f the shaft provide an absolutely free cream zone and since the majority f the
cream particles are separated immediately after coming t f the openings and move
at once into the free cr am zone churning and breaking f the cream butter fat par
ti l
i a thing unknown in the Primrose bowl
The free cream zone feature f the Primrose bowl i also another reason for the ability
f the Primrose t separate dense cream with ease and thorough satisfaction t the o wner
The tubular milk feeding shaft also forms the base f the bowl The shoulders n
which rest the bowl shell and rubber ring show plainly in the cut
o
.
e
o
o
o
so
.
o
o
o
.
.
o
o
ou
e
c es
o
,
s
or
.
o
o
o
s
o
o
o
.
.
,
12
.
o
r g l ti g s r
nt r l s
d sit
r
ri r s l
it is l t d in
sk i d
i lk t l t
r fr
l
r t rd d
r
The
co
c ea m
th e
o
c eam
en
ou
c ea m
e a
e
om
e
th e
bo w
mm e
T he
.
of
o e
th e
o ca e
m
y
In t h e P m
.
c ew
n
u a
e
of
flo w
t h e bow
is no t
.
T h e S c r e w f or R eg u la t i ng t he D ens it y o f C r ea m
The purpose f the cream screw is to make the density of the cream optional with the
operator f the separator The density or thickness of the cream is gotten by forcing
skimmed milk into the cream by k eeping it out Practically all farmers prefer to have a
rich dense cream In the first place the cream keeps bet ter the bacteria causing sour
milk and cream largely remain in the milk and a dense cream contains but very little milk !
secondly a dense cream will bring a much better pr ice since it makes a better bu tter
In the majority f separators the cream screw is located in the cream outlet and in the
regulating of it particularly for a dense cream there grave danger f choking back and
losing a considerable quantity f th cream
The designers f the Primrose arranged for a full flow of cream from the bowl If a
dense cream i wanted the scr w i turn d out allow ing a full flo w of skimm d milk to pass
out f its respective channel and the pure cream as it is separated in the bow l to pass out
f it respective ch nnel
This construction is possible only in a bo w l lik the Primrose in w hich the interior
device the disks and tubular milk feeding shaft insure a thorough skimming and provide
h nn l i n which the cream and the skimmed milk may travel without interference from
each other from the whole milk entering the bo w l
The principle f regulating the density f the cream by placing the cream screw in the
skimme d milk outlet is practical in every way If a separator bo w l skims as it should it
will deliver only pure m int the cream center If the outlet from this cream center i
partly choked it stands to reason that a portion f the cream will be unable t pass t
through the cream channel and will therefore be forced back and intermingled with the
skimmed milk This i exactly what happens when the cream regulating screw is placed
in the cream outlet
The opposite i exactly true when the cream regulating screw i located in the skimmed
milk outlet The cream it is separated in the Primrose bow l is as dense as it can be
secured because only the cream r aches the cream center If a thinner cream is desired by
adj usting the screw in the skimmed milk outlet a thin edge f the skimmed milk can b
forced into the cream center and this adj ustment will secure for the operator a less dens
cream F rom the Primrose bow l the operator is assure d that he is receivi ng every particle
f cream that was contained in the milk
o
o
.
or
.
,
,
.
,
as
,
.
,
o
,
is
,
,
o
e
o
.
o
.
o
e
e
,
,
a
s
o
s
e
s
,
.
e
,
,
c
a
e s
or
.
o
o
.
c rea
o
s
.
o
,
o
ou
,
,
s
.
.
s
s
.
as
e
,
.
,
o
e
,
.
o
e
.
13
A
o
ne -
ri r s
pi t l
pin d l
sp i r l is
r t ly t ns ih inn d spinb d l l sp r is
e ce
a cc u a e
a n e!
oo
s te e l S
m ac
e
o
e
e
Th
.
of
th
G r e atest
.
e
The
ow
e
The P m
a
o e
b o wl
u
is
co m
p t
h nd l
ac
to
a
e
a nd
co
nv ni nt
e
e
e
W e igh t
B ow l B e l o w C en te r
The fact that the greatest weight f the Primrose bowl is below its center makes for its
complete efficiency The principle of the Primrose bowl is similar t a small cone shaped
dish w ater basin inverted and whirled n the end of a stick or the finger The dish
basin though light w ill retain it balance very well The Primrose bo w l is seated n the
spindle in exactly such a position the greatest weight coming below the head f the spindle
The cone shaped top and the straight sides accentuate this construction balancing the
bowl perfectly and enabling it to run at a high speed with a smooth ibrationless motion
o
o
.
-
o
or
s
,
,
or
.
o
.
o
,
.
-
,
!
.
T he O ne P i e c e B ow l S p i n d l e
There is every advantage in having a separator which runs it bowl with a n piece
spindle separate from t h bo wl This onstruction means ease in handling and cleaning the
bowl It eliminates the danger f j amming the spindle points and bearings and thus
throw ing the bo w l out of balance
The n piece spindle in the Primrose is made of tool steel carefully machined It is
short and about one inch in diameter Its large diameter permits f a perfect fit in the
bowl and a perfect balancing f the bowl The round spur n the upper end is a part f
the spindle itself — not seated i — and comes in contact with a flange in the bowl as the
machine is started When the bowl is put into the separator i t comes t it place at once
There i n fitting to a socket in the Primrose bowl and there is no sudden drop of the bowl
The spiral grooves n the S pindle cat h oil from the constant spray being thrown over
the spindle and carry it up into the n ck bearing The bearing is oiled perfectly
-
s
e
e
o
-
c
.
o
.
.
o
e
-
.
o
.
'
o
o
o
.
h
o
.
s
o
s
.
.
,
o
c
e
.
14
.
sp i r l
T he
p i ni o n
a
b r i ngs
ea
b r i ngs
fr s l i d
b rs ph sph r b r n
b st w rr s i sti ng t l kn wn
sin
A ll
of
a
to
o
ea
e
om
a re c u t
ea
o
ze , t h e
o
me
e
o
a
o
ce
c e
l r spin d l b r i ng
nt i ns st l p i nt
whi h
st l p i nt i n
w pin d l r v lv s
Th
o we
e
It c o
a
a
th
c
bo
e
e
ee
ee
lS
e
ea
o
e o
o
n
th
e
,
o
.
e
pp r p i n d l
k ps b wl pr p r ly
is p t
d s r i r dj st nt
Th
u
e
th e
ee
a nce d
oe
e
S
o
o
co m
It
.
no t
e
e! u
e a
b ea r ! ng
bal
e
ac
a nd
,
me
u
P h o sph or B ro n ze B e a r ing s U se d T h ro u gh ou t
Phosphor bronze bearings were chosen for the Primrose cream separators because they
are the smoothest and densest anti—friction bearings that can be used Phosphor bronze
is a composition f copper tin and phosphorus com b in d in the right proportion to produce
a metal that i remarkably close grained and smooth The bearings are t f m solid
bars of this metal and are screw d
t into the frame
Thus it is easy to remove them and
replace them when worn
The advantage f phosphor bronze bearings lies in the fact that they do not cut wear
the expensive shafts and spindles that move in them While these bearings are very hard
and w ear resisting they are not as hard as the steel parts that move in them The bear
ings sustain the burden f wear and the more expensive parts of the separator are not injured
.
o
,
,
e
,
s
cu
.
o r se
e
,
'
ro
.
.
or
o
.
-
.
,
o
-
.
,
Im p o r t an c e o f U ppe r
S p in d le B e ar ing
The work f the upper spindle bearing i t hold the bow l in proper balance The
bearing is mad up of three parts the phosphor bronze wearing part a strong steel spring
and a washer made f B essemer steel The phosphor bronze wearing part of the bearing
is hel d in the center f the Spring the steel washer fitting over the top of both The
spring i constr cted that the motion f t h bo w l is absorbed by it and the bow l i thus
permitted t revolve free from vibrations
The upper spindle bearing i oil d in tw w ays F irst from the oil cup which is used to
flush out the bearing when the separator is first started and from the splash oiling system
o
s
e
.
,
,
,
o
.
o
s so
o
.
,
u
e
o
o
,
s
.
s
e
o
.
,
,
15
.
T h e O pe ra ti ng M e c h a n i s m o f t h e
P r i m ro s e C r ea m S ep a ra t o r
The operating mechanism f the Primrose is as simple as is possible to construct such
parts an d secure motion It is as adequate as it is simple
There are only four parts to the driving mechanism t w gears the spiral pinion and worm
spindle M ore par ts are not needed and would only cause useless fri tion and hard runni ng
It is always the most difficult task t construct a simple and effi ient me hanism Thus
it is that a machine is usually a crude cumbersome affair f many parts when first put t
A it advantages are realized much thought experimenting and testing i devoted t it
until in time many parts are eliminated the machine is simplified and at the same time
becomes a better machine easier to take care of more efficient and more durable
S implicity therefore is the work f evolution The simple operating mechanism f a
cream separator has been coming for many years E ach year w an im rovement over
previous years until the operating m chanism of the Primrose was designed This mechan
ism is constructed correct mechanical principles and is as simple as these principles wi ll
w arrant
That friction and cutting be reduced to a minimum tw
metals of the same kind S hould not come in contact particularly
when there are gears involved In the Primrose this essential
feature is observed The main gear is made of semi steel a har d
w earing metal but softer than steel
This r esults in the largest gear being of substantial
construction but light in weight The spiral pinion is f tool steel The spindle drive
gear upon which comes the greatest w ear and tension is made f phosphor bronze a
hard dense metal the best wear resisting metal know n The w orm spindle is also f tool
steel E very part is carefully built and tested and must come up t standard before b
ing allowed t g into the machine
A spiral cut spindle gear has every advantage over a worm gear and in exact proportion
a cream separator equipped w ith a spiral spindle gear has every advantage over a separator
equipped with a worm spindle gear It is impossible for a spiral gear to get t f mesh
unless entirely removed from the spindle A worm gear must
at all times be adj usted exactly n the center f the S pindle or
it does not mesh properly causing severe cutting and binding
and a consequent hard running f the separator M oreover
the worm gear requires constant watching and adj usting
In the Primrose this disadvantage is overcome in t w ways The gear i spiral cut
w h ich insures freedom from improper meshing and cutting The pini on n which this gear
is supported is itself supported by the phosphor bronze bushings firmly seated in the
frame It is never necessary to adj ust the spindle gear in the Primrose It cannot get t
of mesh It i put in the prop er place in its relation to the spindle and kept there The
only adj usting feature necessary n this operating mechanism as can readily be seen from
the illustration is the raising low ering of the bo w l spindle The simplicity f separator
construction is ertainly exemplified in the Primrose The proper Speed f the bowl i
secured easily and without undue strain n any part of the operating mechanism
o
.
.
o
,
,
c
.
o
c
s
c
.
ou
o
,
s
.
,
s
,
.
o
,
,
,
.
,
o
,
o
.
sa
.
p
e
.
ou
,
.
o
,
,
.
-
.
,
.
o
.
,
.
o
,
,
,
o
.
.
o
,
o
o
e
.
ou
.
o
,
.
o
o
,
o
.
,
.
o
s
.
,
o
.
,
ou
.
.
.
s
.
o
,
or
,
o
.
c
.
o
o
s
.
18
operating parts of the Primrose are simple
highly efficient
Power is transmitte d directly t the bowl
,
o
19
.
.
fl
T he S pl a sh O i l i ng S y ste m i n th e P r i m ro se
O i ls A ll Be a r i ng s
G e a rs Pe r fe c t ly
a nd
The secret of the easy running of the Primrose lies largely in its splendid splash oiling
system There is not a bearing there is not a gear in the entire m chine that is not sprayed
constantly by oil when the separator is in motion A separator may be perfect in every
other respect but lacking adequate oiling facilities its service w ill be short live d
A feature which accentuates the splendid splash oiling system in the Primrose cream
separator is the compact housing f the gears in n chamber The low er part f this
chamber is constructed to form an oil receptacle The spindle gear runs through the il
and sprays the oil over all of the other gears and the bearings The spray of oil starts with
the first movement f the gears and continues constantly until the separator i stopped
In the Primrose the part of the spindle entering the upper bearing is provid d with spiral
grooves which catch the oil as it is thrown p by the g ars and keeps this bearing running in
a perfect bath of oil during the entire time the machine is in motion
nby either filling the il cup which drains
A new supply f oil can be furnished at each
over and thoroughly lubricates and washes out the upper Spindle bearing by removing the
plate n the back side f the frame and pouring the oil directly into the oil chamber The
old il is d rained out by means of the drain cock whi ch is placed at the lowest point in the
oil chamber The Primrose splash system insures the gears ru nning in a bath f oil at
all times — there is n possibility f careless help running the separator and inj ur i ng it
because f insufficient lubrication The S plash il system reduces the wearing and cut
ting the gears to a minimum
A special feature n the Primrose
is the glass in the il chamber This
is provided in order that the operator
may determine at any time f the run
j ust the quantity f oil in the il cham
ber It only takes a glance to tell him
this story On other separators t be
certain that there is a sufficient quan
tity f il it is necessary to pour in il
ntil the overflow tube starts t run
A considerable quantity f il i thus
w asted and there is always the in lin
ation t guess that there is en ough
In the Primrose separator the glass is
place d that when the il half covers
the glass it is j ust at the level f the
overflow tube There i n waste f
the il and n guess work about a
sufficient
quantity
to
properly
l b i
g g gl ss sh s p r t r gl n
t
cate the machine
ntit
in
h br
a
,
.
.
,
,
o
.
e
o
o
.
o
.
.
s
o
.
e
U
e
.
o
ru
-
o
.
,
or
o
o
.
o
,
o
.
o
o
o
o
.
.
o
o
.
o
'
o
o
.
.
o
o
,
o
o
,
u
o
o
o
s
c
,
o
.
!
“
.
o
so
o
s
.
o
The
au
e oil
!
ow
a
ua
y
th e
o f o il
o
th
e a o
e oil c
at a
am
a
ce
t h e e!
,
o
o
o
u
ac
e
.
20
r
chamber
the gear housing chamb r are one
spindle gear throws a fine spray f il over every bearing
continuously while in motion
o il
e
o
to r
o
.
21
.
gear
the s para
e
fr i t i n l t h i n l i n
h
m in dri v g r
I gr i s
wh n h
r n k i s m v d h lf
in h
T he
t
e
c u c
o
a
e
an
R e l i a bl e F r i c t i o n C l u t c h
c
t
c
e
e
a ce
p
ea
t
.
c a
o
p
e
a
.
E ssen ti a l F e at u r e
It is d angerous to attempt t stop a separator bowl revolving at full speed It is also
d angerous t have the handle flying around after the O perator has released i t Therefore
it i very essential t have a reliable friction clutch n that can be depended upon t
work t all times
The friction clutch in the Primrose cream separator is n that h never failed to work
It is constructe d n the principle f a clutch in a traction engine The clutch consists f
The steel pawls and the
t w steel pawls a hardened steel split ring and a clutch hub
hardened steel S plit ring are located in the main drive gear The clutch hub is keyed t the
drive shaft The two pawls fit into the openings in the split ring and into the sockets n
the clutch hub When power is applied t the drive S haft the paw ls move against the
ends f the split ring causing it t expand and clutch the rim f the drive gear within
When the pow er is removed from the shaft the pawls become idle
w hich it i seated
allo w ing the split ring to come together r l asing it clutch n the drive gear
The great advantage f the Primrose clutch i that it acts instantly The instant power
is applied the clutch responds effectively A lso the moment that the power is stopped the
clutch releases There is n flying around f the handle when the operator releases it
A ttempting t stop the bowl i not only dang rous but works inj ury to the bowl and it
skimming efficiency A pplying a brake f any kind wears the bowl and tends t throw it
out f balance A bowl should be allow ed t run down The friction clut h n the Prim
rose makes this possible without any inconvenience possible inj ury t the operato
The Primrose friction clutch is simple strong and efficient It always works There
is nothing about it to get t of order A k the dealer t S how you this clutch N ote
that it is not a ratchet nor does it contain springs Take hold f the handle and notice
h w quickly the clutch acts
Without exception it is the strongest and most reliable clutch
used n a separator
o
.
o
.
o
s
a
,
o
,
e
o
.
o
o
o
e
as
o
.
o
.
,
.
,
o
.
o
.
o
.
o
o
o
,
s
,
.
,
s
e e
,
o
.
s
o
.
.
o
o
.
e
s
o
s
o
.
o
.
o
o
.
c
.
or
o
.
,
ou
.
s
o
.
o
.
22
.
o
.
,
o
.
o
T he S u ppl y C a n
The supply can f the Primrose is
stamped t of a single piece f metal
and h n seams or crevi es in which
dirt or milk can collect The top and
bottom edges are strongly reinfor d to
pr vent their becoming damag d
It is an anti Splash supply can M ilk
w ill not readily splash
t when the
can is being filled
The faucet is in the supply can
The lower end of the faucet does not
extend below the bottom and hence
the supply can may be t on the table
ny flat S urface W ithout the faucet
s pply is p r ss d fr
pi
st l
f t is nti r ly i n
d s
int r f r in
being p h d t f place This
s
tt
i
ng
s
r
f
n t
bl
use the supply can for
washing parts of the bowl or it can be set any place wi th milk in it The can drains to
the faucet The flow f milk to the bowl is full until every drop is gon
o
ou
as
o
c
o
.
ce
e
e
.
-
.
ou
.
.
,
se
or a
The u
us
e
ou
ca n
a u ce
O
e
e
es
o
e
fla t
ece o f s h ee t
th e c a n, a nd
e
.
th e
e
a
om a
e
oe
fla t
can on a
u
no t
ee
e
.
Th
e
e e
a ce
o
,
.
o
.
T he C o ve r s an d M il k R eg u lating F l o a t
The covers are deep with the spouts wide throughout their entire length This gives
the milk and cream plenty f room t recover quickly from the force f the bowl speed
permitting the milk and cream to flow out with very little foaming
These covers are free from corners or crevices in which milk can collect This insures
perfect cleaning of the overs and a product free from contamination from sour milk
within the covers The ends of the spouts are turned down in such a manner that the
cream and milk can be de
livered into cans which have
very small openings without
any f the milk or cream being
spilled n the floor
The automatic regulating
milk float i l t d in the top of
the covers and just below the
faucet of the supply can It
completely e l i m i n at e s t h e
danger of milk being delivered
to the bow l t fast It is
alike n both s i d e s It i
impossible for the o p rator to
put
this
float
in
w ong and
rspg n dvthrs i r f rsp fttsr l vi ng b bnd nl r ing is r ti r ll li in ti lkd overflow the b W l
,
.
o
o
o
.
.
c
.
o
o
.
s o ca e
.
oo
.
o
s
.
e
La
e co e
to
e
a nd
e
p ro wd e a
ou
o ce a
e
ea
u
th e
a
ow
ce o f
.
o om
Fo a m
fo r th e
p
ac
c
ea m
ca
y
a nd
e
m
r
m
a e
O
,
l r g p ning in
a
e O
e
a nd
b k
fr
ks
h b r s i ly ssibl
th e
o il c
of
ac
am
e
th
ea
a me
e
ma
a c ce
e
th e
g rs
ea
e
T h e P r i m ro se F r a m e
frame
Primrose cream separator i cast from carefully selected
tested
iron The frame provides the best possible support f the working parts and protects
them from dirt and grit A removable cover is provide d n the back side f the frame
through which the il bath chamber i reached and through which kerosene gasoline
may be poured for the cleaning of the gears It i never necessary t remove the gears
when they are t be cleaned
The frame i in two parts the gear and bowl chamber part and the stool S hould an
accident befall either part it would not necessitate the purchase f an entirely new frame
but only f the part damaged This i an advantage which any cream separator user
will appreciate
The gear and bowl chambers houses these parts perfectly and particularly holds the
bowl in such a position that it is strongly braced from every direction This construc ti on
keeps the bowl in balance since the resis ting power from each direction is the same and
prevents the bowl from moving t f its place as a rapidly revolving object like a separa
tor bo w l has a tendency t d
The stool is f a sanitary type whi ch permits f the cleaning f the floor around and
under it A lso in the stool is a catch basin for the il from the overflo w tube and the
drainage cock B y a little care in emptying this catch basin the il i prevented from
getting n the floor
s
or
.
,
o
.
o
or
s
o
.
o
o
s
.
s
,
.
,
o
,
o
,
s
.
.
,
.
,
,
ou
o
o
o
o
.
o
,
o
.
o
.
o
o
.
24
s
Th
e
ri r s
P m
o e ca n
be
o
prtd
s
st wi th
ll ngin
ng i n s v s t i
t r p r ting nt i n sly its f ll p i t
lo w
co
ep a a o
o
e a e
at
r
a sm a
e a
T he
e
T he
.
e
at
uo u
co
u
e
a e
ca
ac
me
Im p o ssi b le
a nd
lb
a
o
r
,
a nd
k ps
ee
th
e
y
W i th ou t Bow l
Pow e r O pe r ati o n
“
e
i b r at i o n
!
A tt a i ne d
!
The d airy farmer i awake t the fact that the gasoline engine i the cheapest form
powe r practical t the farm B y means f a po w er equipment this economical po wer h
b en successfully adapted t the Primrose cream separator The engine is belted directly
to the separator through the me d ium f a friction clutch pulley an idler pulley attachment
and the reducing gear n the engine
The friction pulley allows the separator to be start d at a low spee d and grad ually
increase d t full speed while the engine f course i making full sp d from the start T h
idler pulley which runs n the drive side f the b lt absorbs the shocks f the engine
explosions permitting the separator t run free from vibrations The reducing gear n
the engine permits f the proper speed for the s parator
In this manner the greatest d ifficul ty t the successful adapting f the gasoline engine
t the cream separator has be en overcome
The sho ks f the explosions f the engine as
well the usual vibration resulting from the natural S peed f the engine reaching the
separator have prevented a successful adaptation up t a recent period These vibrations
in reaching the separator a ffect the balance f the bo w l causing it to run roughly resulting
in poor skimming and a considerable loss f butter fat In addition the bearings soon
b come rough and the bowl will become unbalanced and pra ti ally usel ss In the outfit
sho w n the vibration f ature is pra tically eliminat d t l ast to su h an ext nt that the bo w l
is no more affect d by vibrations than if the separator w b ing operated by hand po wer
s
o
s
o
o
.
as
o
e
.
o
o
.
e
'
o
,
,
o
,
o
ee
s
e
o
o
,
o
,
o
.
o
e
.
o
o
e
.
o
c
.
o
o
as
,
o
o
,
o
,
.
,
,
o
.
e
,
c
e
c
e
e
,
a
c
e
c
e
as
26
,
e
.
e
.
The engine S how n i a n horse p ower
hopper cooled engine It will run a cream
separator better than a dairyman can for it
will maintain a uniform speed from the begin
ning t the end f the run It w ill d the
skimming at the cost f a few cents while
the dairyman s time i worth dollars and
many f them When the skimming is
done the engine can be attached t a can
bottle washing machine and run them more
economically than any other form f power
it i possible t obtain There are many
uses t which a small engine f this kind can
be adapted that it i almost impossible to
enumerate them The outfit i practic l in
every sense f the word and i a sure profit
builder t the d airyman
s
o
e
-
-
.
,
o
o
o
.
o
’
o
,
s
.
or
o
,
o
o
s
so
.
o
o
s
,
a
s
.
o
s
,
o
.
D
es cr ipti o n o f t he
Pow e r E ! u ip m ent
side from the improvements in the skim
ming facilities f the Primrose cream sepa
rator n improvement means more t the
dairy farmer than the power equipment n
this separator It consists f a friction clutch
pulley and tw small bel t pulleys attached
S hown I n
t t h frame O f the separator
fr i tit—n lk ts hp pss illbl y
i
d
l r p llb ylti ngtt h
the ll t t n The lo wer f tw small
r
i
r
s
ng i n
belt p ll
stat i onary wh i le the upper
n i attached t a coil spring which allows the pulley t move back an d forth wi th
the pulse f the engine This upper pulley i known the idler pulley an d runs
The shocks f the explosions and other vibrations from
n the drive side f the belt
the engine travel n the drive S ide of th belt but are absorbed b fore r a hing the separator
by th e idler pulley r ther the coil S pring the idler pulley being the m dium by which
the vibrations reach the spring
The reducing gear shown n the insi d e f the left hand flywheel f the engine is the
pulley from which the separator is driven It is sp ed d to run a separator at the required
speed w ll as t op rate other machines f hand power such as churns can and bottle
washers washing machines any numb r f small machin s
The engine i portable and can be easily moved for operating a machine in another
building It takes but a momen t t attach it to the separator The dairyman n go
about his other work while t h skimming f the milk is tak n are f b y the ngine
The reducing gear and the idl r pull y atta h m nt are sold as extras
A
o
o
o
,
o
o
.
o
’ as
e
o
The
c
m ea
,
I
us ra lo
u
o
e
i es
o
,
IS
o
c u c
o
ma
of
th
e
a nd t h e
e
u
e s u ccessf u l d i rec t
e
o
e
P m
o
e
to
an e
e
a
ac
e
e
,
o
o
s
u
o
o
o
e
or
!
o
.
o
,
as
s
.
“
e
,
a
e
c
e
,
.
o
o
o
e
.
as
o
e
,
e
o
,
or
e
e
,
,
o
e
.
s
o
.
o
e
e
ca
.
e
e
c
e
c
o
e
.
.
rr i r s t r k sr p r t r isp rb t s s i ly r n ir s h v ittl d ir
r k t i k p it l n
P r i m ro s e is an E as y S epa r at o r t o O pe r ate
The P m
o e c ea m
oom
to
a
e
a a
e ca e o f
.
wo
o
It
a
o
e a
oom
e
me to
a nd
to th
ea
ee
e
.
wo m e
a nd
wh
e! u
o
e
th e
b ut l
e
a
e
a
y
c ea
The d urability an d efficiency f the Primrose has n t been lessened to make the separator
easy running O n the other hand these essential features have been increased by the use
f phosphor bronze bushings and at the same time the easy running feature f the separator
been realized
h
can verify statement by going to the I H C dealer in your town and have him
Y
demonstrate the Primrose R n it yours lf take it apart and examine the inside R
m mber the s parator your dealer has i a stock machine E very machine turned t is
They all must measure up t a
n poorer than the n the dealer S hows y
n better
standard before leaving the factory
o
o
,
.
o
o
,
as
.
ou
o ur
.
e
or
o
o
.
ou
e
.
28
e
.
,
s
e
e
o
u
.
ou
o
F al l F r e s hen i ng ! e r s u s Sp r ing F r eshen ing
There h been much discussion upon the relative merits of winter and summer dairying
E ach system h its favorable points Local conditions will de termin w hich system is the
most profitable for the individual d airyman F our factors must be considered M ilk
production per cow the system f cropping welfare f the calf and the market
Winter dairying presupposes fall freshening Cows entering upon their lactation period
at this season f the year keep up a comparatively good flow f milk through the winter
with a pronounced shrinkage in production about the time they are turned t t pasture
This fresh succulent ration together with the comfort f the mild temperature f S pring and
early summer and the freedom in the open air stimulates the milk flow and tends to
increase at least maintain the yield for some time Then when the most trying period
f the year t produce milk arrives — hot weather short pasture and fly t im —
the
c
j
are ready t g dry
When an abun d ance f cheap pasture is available and the
tillage area i comparatively small spring freshening f cows has
its advantages because most f the feed i produced by past
ure the cow s take advantage f it wh n it is in the best condition
and when they need the most liberal supply f f d
In this same class are those farms where the area tilled is small and w here for various
reasons a considerable amount f roughage f unsalable quality is to be disposed f and
can be utilize d for feed
A side from the milk an d the feed the calf d emands its share f consideration for upon
t h e proper raising f the heifer calves from the best co w s d p nds the success f the future
dairy her d H ere again winter dairying wins a point calves dropped in the fall usually
d much better than spring calves because they are given more attention when kept in
the barn ntil pasture season at which time they will be i eight months ld At this
age their digestive systems are sufficiently d eveloped t enable them t thrive n pas ture
and they are also better able t withstan d attacks f flies during midsummer
O n the other hand spring calves are usually turned t past
ure before they are ld enough t derive much nourishmen t from
the grass F lies are very troublesome to young calv s and are
almost sure to stop their growth for sometime A calf once stunt
ed alw ays shows the effect n matter how good the subsequent feed an d care may be
The fourth factor in either system f dairying is the market The average price f
milk for the last five years has been 4 0 per cent higher during the i winter months than
during the S ix summ r months in N orthern Illinois and S outhern Wisconsin and the
average price f butter h been 1 6 per cent higher
On the whole winter dairying i the more profitable as it points strongly toward
economy f labor by a more uniform d istribution f employment throughout the year !
places the largest production f the year n the mark t at a time when prices are the best !
enables a skillful manager to raise and feed h i o ws as to get the largest possible returns
from the milk and at the same time lets him raise calves to the b st advantage
—A dapted from Country G ntleman
as
.
as
e
.
:
.
o
,
o
,
,
.
.
o
o
ou
o
,
,
,
,
,
o
.
o
o
,
o
.
o
,
or
o
e
,
.
o
,
s
o
,
o
as
,
s
e
o
o
ee
,
.
-
,
o
,
o
o
,
,
.
o
,
o
e
.
,
,
o
,
e
o
or
o
as
,
u
s !
,
o
o
o
o
o
.
,
.
o
,
o
o
e
.
,
.
,
o
.
o
o
.
s !
e
o
,
as
.
s
,
,
o
o
o
o
e
s c
,
so
e
“
.
e
!
.
T h e N e c es s i t y o f Keepi ng R e co r d s o f D a i r y C ow s
By Pr o f H
.
.
H Ki ld e e
.
now Y our Co ws is a stepping stone t success in the dairy business Y t there
are comparatively f w farmers w h realize the true significance of this statement or its proper
application to conditions upon their w n farms It is a conservative statement to say
that practically one third of the co ws now milked in the United States are kept at a loss
When n considers the high cost f feed and labor they realize that it i not good business
policy t care for feed and milk a cow for eight or ten months and then find that she i being
paid for the privilege of her company We kno w that there is a certain relation between
the conformation of a w and her productive ability so far as quality of milk is concerned
but this cannot be measured definit ly by external characteristics and there is n external
characteristic w hich indicates the richness of the milk or the per cent of butter fat contained
It h been truly said that the inside of a w is the darkest place on earth and that there
fore o utward appearances are very deceitful The only accurate
meth od of determining the relative merits of the cow sin a herd
and thus make it possible to weed t the co ws that d not return
a profit is to make use f the milk scale the B abcock fat test
and the feed record throughout t h l t t i n period
The care feed and management of a dairy cow has much to d with her production !
however there is great variation betw een individuals kept under the same conditions
L ast year the best w in our herd produ ed
lbs f milk
lbs f butter fat
and returned a net profit of
from sale of butter fat at creamery price w hile the
poorest cow kept in the same barn and fed the same feeds although in smaller amounts
lb
f milk
because of less capacity produced but
lbs f butter fat and a
profit f but
A evidence of the great variation which exists in the co w s kept under farm conditions
I w ish to call the reader s attention to graphic illustrations taken from E xtension B ulletin
N o 1 3 of the Iowa S tate College This bulletin gives the report of the operative cow
testing associations in Iowa for years 1 9 1 0 — 1 2 inclusive
N et Profit
M ost Profitable Cow
L east Profitable Cow
L oss
B utter fat
Lb
M ost Profitable Cow
L east Profitable C w
Lbs
Cost f F eed
M ost Profitable C w
L east Profitable C w
The above charts show that the differen e in net profi t s for one year between the most
profitable and least profitable f the
co w s w
in butter fat produced the
di fference w 4 7 5 lb and in cost f feed but 36 cents
The following records made by the herd of Peder Pedersen S on in the B enson
Cow Testing association in three consecutive years is especially interesting and valuable
“
K
!
o
e
e
.
o
o
.
-
.
e
o
o
o
s
s
,
co
.
-
co
e
o
.
as
co
.
ou
o
o
,
e
‘
ac a
o
,
.
o
,
,
.
c
co
.
o
.
,
o
,
,
s
,
.
o
,
,
.
o
o
s
,
’
co
.
.
-
.
s
o
.
.
o
o
o
c
as
o
as
s
.
.
o
.
30
in t h is connection as it shows w h at can be accomplis h e d n
the farm by keeping records weeding out the poor cows and
by proper feeding and management
A verage B utter N et Income
F at per C w
p r Cow
O ver Cost
of F eed
o
,
,
.
A
verage M ilk
per Cow
o
e
pounds
L argest N et Income Cow in H erd
7060 pounds
L argest N et Income Cow in H erd
1913
pounds
T w L argest N et Income Cows each
T h e increase in production and in the net returns for butter fat after deducting the
cost f feed in this herd in the course of three years is remark able and was brought about by
use f a pure bred sire weeding out the inferior cows and giving the remaining ones better
care and feed This herd was made up of grades and a few pure bred H olsteins an d the
number f cows remained about the same during the three years reported
A t the end of the first year it was found that 4 0 per cent of the cows were unprofitable
They were sent to the butcher and their places in the herd taken by two year old heifers
sired by a pure bred sire and out of common cows The records at the end of the second
year show ed over 24 per cent increase in the quantity of milk and 26 per cent increase in
amount of butter fat per cow A t the end of the second year 30 per cent of the cows were
weeded out and their places taken by two year old grade heifers and one pure bred cow
and n pure bred two year old heifer The end of the third year s work S how ed that the
average milk production had been increased over 7 1 per cent the butter fat 60 per cent
and the average net profit per cow increased from
to
or 23 9 per cent
the organiza
w rite to their
ial directions
to their organization The benefits of one f these
organizations are many and there is nothing that will do more to d velop a dairy community
There are many benefits to be derived from testing the dairy herd In fact these
benefits are so far reaching that a dairy farmer must either keep records or else never
expect to attain the greatest success in his work
A few f the many benefits may be mentioned as follows
1 It puts the work on a business basis and arouses the farmer s interest in his cows
and results in bett r care feed and management
2 It gives a basis for improvement as illustrated in the case of the Pedersen herd
B y replacing the inferior animals with heifers by a good pure bred sire and by employing
better methods of feeding and management the average production of the herd may
soon be brought up to 35 0 lb f butter fat per cow and the profit per cow very materially
increased
3 It i ncreases the selling price of all animals in the herd and all animals related to them
1 91 1
5 66 5
.
o
,
,
o
o
,
.
o
.
.
.
.
“
!
o
’
e
.
,
.
'
o
.
e
.
.
.
o
’
.
e
.
,
.
.
,
,
s
.
o
.
.
.
31
RA K ES
P US H MA C H I NES
B I N D E R S JR E A P E R S
I IN G O R
W S
ABERDEEN S
ALBANY N Y
A T AN TA GA
AUBURN N Y
A RORA
BALT I MORE
B I RM I NGHAM
B I SMAR C K N
BOSTON MASS
BU A O N Y
C EDAR ALLS IA
C HARLO TT E N C
C I N CI NNA T I OH I O
C LEVELAND OH I O
C OLUMB I A S C
C OLUMBUS OH I O
CON C ORD I A KAN
C OUN CI L BLU S
C RA ORD NEB
DAV E N POR T IA
DENVER C OLO
DES MO I NES IA
DET RO I T M IC H
DUBU U E I A
EAS T S T
I LL
E A U C A I RE
ELM I R A N Y
E VANSV I LL E
ARGO N
.
TOOT HARR S
OW
L
.
.
.
.
.
.
U
D
.
.
H
.
IL L
.
.
MD
.
.
.
.
ALA
.
D
.
FF L
.
F
.
.
.
C
OR P AN T ERS
N
L
.
.
.
.
GRA I N DR I S
LL
FF
WF
IA
.
.
SE E RS
.
D E
.
Q
.
.
L O U IS
I
L M E 5
FZRY IL II ER SO W ERS
L
.
.
.
F
I A T RS
O
Fo r
.
.
.
W IS
.
.
C U LT !
W
IN
TERNATIONAL HAR! ESTER COMPANY OFAMERICA
D I S K HA R RO
PEG
S SEET APC KRAKES
E RS
D
IND
.
P O R A T L O I
P ARKERSBUR VA
DODGE
AYNE I ND
P ARSONS KAN
GRAND
P EOR I A I LL
GRAND RA P I DS M IC H P H I LADEL P H I A P A
GREEN BAY
P
I SBURGH
HARR I SBURG P A
P
OR T AND ORE
HELENA MON T
UI NCY
HU T C H I NSON KAN R IC HMOND N
I ND I ANA P O I S I ND R IC HMOND
FT
IA
.
FT W
.
G W
.
.
.
HAY
.
.
.
W IS
TT
.
L
Q
.
IL L
.
.
LL
.
FL A
IL L
.
.
!
.
.
.
.
OL
L
L
.
L
.
W IS
.
.
IA
LW
.
.
W IS
.
.
N EW
.
NE W
ca talo gu e s or sp e c ial
L
.
.
.
.
N EB
info r m a tio n
s
T H RES H E S
D
I
.
.
.
.
.
A C KSON M IC H
A C KSONV I E
KANKAKEE
KANSAS C I T Y MO
KNO V I LLE T ENN
LANS I NG M IC H
I N C N NEB
I TT E RO C K ARK
MAD I SON
MANKA TO M I NN
MASON CI T Y
MEM P H I S T ENN
M I AUKEE
M I NNEA POL I S M I NN
M I NOT N D
NASHV I LL E T ENN
A LBANY I ND
OR EANS LA
OGDENSBURG N Y
OKLAHOMA CI T Y OKL A
OMAHA
PA
.
.
J
R
! A
ROC K ORD I LL
ST
M I NN
ST OSE P H MO
ST
MO
SAG I NA M I C H
SA I NA KAN
SALT LAKE CI T Y U T AH
SAN RAN CI S C O
S I OU CI T Y
S I OU ALLS S D
SOU T H BEND I ND
POKANE A SH
S P R I NG I ELD
S P R I NG I E D MO
T E RRE HA T E I ND
TOLEDO OH I O
TO P EK A K A N
A T ER TO N S D
IC H I T A KAN
I NONA M I NN
.
F
.
C LO U D
Q
J
:
O I L T RA CT OR S
.
L O U IS
W
L
.
.
.
.
F
.
!
!
IA
F
CAL
.
O IL D
UT T
S
G AS E G I E S
N
N
.
S
.
W
F
F
MA RE S P R A ERS
.
.
L
NU
.
AR
F
.
W
W
D
.
U
.
E
IL L
M
WA
GONS
.
‘
W
'
W
.
se e
s
MO TOR T RU
I H C de a ler
C KS
e
G
L
-
.
.
w ri te ne a r e t br a nc h h o u
S TA K C E R
A D
HAY P R ESSES
.
.
J
O E RS
.
FO R KS N D
L
L
.
R DERS
r ze o
IN
S
c an !
SEPA RAT ons
H E L E RS
L