Chapter 34, 10th edition
Q1.If an animal has segments, bilateral symmetry, pharyngeal clefts, a post-anal tail, and deuterostomic
development, it must be a member of the __________. ( Concept 34.1)
A) B) C) D) E) Arthropoda
Annelida
Chordata
Platyhelminthes
Mollusca
The Answer is : C
Q2.A __________ is a chordate but not a vertebrate. ( Concept 34.1)
A) B) C) D) E) sea star
frog
lamprey
shark
lancelet
The Answer is : E
Q3.Which of the following chordate characteristics contributes most to the formation of your ears? ( Concept
34.1)
A) B) C) D) E) muscular, post-anal tail
dorsal, hollow nerve cord
pharyngeal slits or clefts
notochord
None of the listed responses is correct.
The Answer is : C
Q4.Which of the following chordate characteristics contributes most to suspension-feeding devices in many
invertebrate chordates? ( Concept 34.1)
A) B) C) D) E) The Answer is : A
pharyngeal slits or clefts
dorsal, hollow nerve cord
notochord
muscular, post-anal tail
None of the listed responses is correct.
Q5.Which of the following pairs is NOT a correct match? ( Concept 34.2)
A) B) C) D) E) Chondrichthyes, great white shark
Mammalia, kangaroo
Gnathostomata, hagfish
Osteichthyes, perch
Aves, canary
The Answer is : C
Q6.Which of the following can be found in vertebrates but NOT in lancelets and tunicates? ( Concept 34.2)
A) B) C) D) E) neural crest
two or more clusters of Hox genes
duplications of genes that produce signaling molecules and transcription factors
All of the listed responses are correct.
None of the listed responses is correct.
The Answer is : D
Q7.A lamprey, a shark, a lizard, and a rabbit share all the following characteristics EXCEPT __________. (
Concept 34.3)
A) B) C) D) E) pharyngeal clefts in the embryo
a dorsal, hollow nerve cord
vertebrae
hinged jaws
All of the listed responses are correct.
The Answer is : D
Q8.Which of the following is among the earliest known vertebrates? ( Concept 34.3)
A) B) C) D) E) The Answer is : C
lampreys
sharks
conodonts
hagfish
None of the listed responses is correct.
Q9.The gill flap, or operculum, was an important adaptation for fish because it helps with __________. (
Concept 34.3)
A) B) C) D) E) sensing chemicals in water
underwater reproduction
adjusting buoyancy
maintaining a supply of oxygen
sensing vibrations in the water
The Answer is : D
Q10.Some sharks are viviparous, which means that __________. ( Concept 34.4)
A) B) C) D) E) the young develop within the female's body
they maintain a constant body temperature
they have a tendency toward single births
they lay eggs
they have a tendency toward multiple births
The Answer is : A
Q11.A feature of bony fish not found in sharks is __________. ( Concept 34.4)
A) B) C) D) E) pelvic and pectoral fins with bony supports
gills
a lateral line system
mineralized teeth
a swim bladder
The Answer is : E
Q12.Which of the following sets of animals contains only gnathostomes? ( Concept 34.4)
A) B) C) D) E) The Answer is : C
hagfish, bass, sharks, and frogs
conodonts, placoderms, and acanthodians
rays, turtles, pigeons, and tuna
sharks, hagfish, and whales
lampreys, conodonts, and hagfish
Q13.The first vertebrates to live on land were __________. ( Concept 34.4)
A) B) C) D) E) conodonts
amphibians
mammals
chondrichthyans
reptiles
The Answer is : B
Q14.Which of the following animals is an amphibian? ( Concept 34.4)
A) B) C) D) E) lizard
turtle
caecilian
All of the listed responses are correct.
None of the listed responses is correct.
The Answer is : C
Q15.Habitat loss, the spread of a fungal disease, climate change, and pollution are causing severe population
declines and extinction in __________. ( Concept 34.4)
A) B) C) D) E) rodents
turtles
amphibians
sharks
birds
The Answer is : C
Q16.The adaptation that freed vertebrates from water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse
terrestrial environments was the __________. ( Concept 34.5)
A) B) C) D) E) The Answer is : C
placenta
lateral line system
amniotic egg
bony appendage
operculum
Q17.Which of the following characteristics is NOT shared by extant birds and extant reptiles? ( Concept 34.5)
A) B) C) D) E) scales containing keratin
vertebrae
pharyngeal clefts in the embryo
endothermic metabolism
amniotic eggs
The Answer is : D
Q18.Which of the following is an archosaur group? ( Concept 34.5)
A) B) C) D) E) tuataras
snakes
crocodiles
lizards
None of the listed responses is correct.
The Answer is : C
Q19.All mammals __________. ( Concept 34.6)
A) B) C) D) E) bear live young
complete their embryonic development in the uterus
nourish their offspring through mammary glands
All of the listed responses are correct.
None of the listed responses is correct.
The Answer is : C
Q20.The opossum is an example of a(n) __________ mammal. ( Concept 34.6)
A) B) C) D) E) The Answer is : E
oviparous
placental
eutherian
monotreme
marsupial
Q21.Primates are distinguished from other mammals by __________. ( Concept 34.6)
A) B) C) D) E) stereoscopic vision, mammary glands, and single births
eutherian reproduction, opposable thumbs, and good depth perception
fur, claws, and small litters
long tails used for balance, stereoscopic vision, and opposable thumbs
opposable thumbs, nails, and good depth perception
The Answer is : E
Q22.Humans and lorises share many traits that probably evolved in our early primate ancestors; one such trait
is __________. ( Concept 34.6)
A) B) C) D) E) bipedalism (upright walking)
opposable big toes
an arboreal way of life
culture
a thumb that is relatively mobile and separate from the fingers
The Answer is : E
Q23.Humans, apes, and monkeys are classified together as __________. ( Concept 34.6)
A) B) C) D) E) hominoids
brachiators
hominids
Australopithecinae
anthropoids
The Answer is : E
Q24.All species of New World monkeys are __________. ( Concept 34.6)
A) B) C) D) E) The Answer is : A
arboreal
oviparous
solitary
nocturnal
ground dwelling
Q25.Included among the modern groups of apes are __________. ( Concept 34.6)
A) B) C) D) E) chimpanzees and monkeys
lemurs and lorises
tarsiers and gorillas
Old World monkeys and New World monkeys
gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos
The Answer is : E
Q26.Vertebrates and tunicates share :
A) B) C) D) a high degree of cephalization.
a notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord.
jaws adapted for feeding.
an endoskeleton that includes a skull.
The Answer is : B
Q27.Living vertebrates can be divided into two major clades. Select the appropriate pair.
A) B) C) D) the chordates and the tetrapods
the cyclostomes and the gnathostomes
the marsupials and the eutherians
the urochordates and the cephalochordates
The Answer is : B
Q28.Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials
A) B) C) D) lay eggs.
have some embryonic development outside the uterus.
are found in Australia and Africa.
lack nipples.
The Answer is : B
Q29.Which clade does not include humans?
A) B) C) D) The Answer is : A
diapsids
lobe-fins
osteichthyans
synapsids
Q30.As hominins diverged from other primates, which of the following appeared first?
A) B) C) D) an enlarged brain
the making of stone tools
reduced jawbones
bipedal locomotion
The Answer is : D
Q31.Which of the following could be considered the most recent common ancestor of living tetrapods?
A) an armored, jawed placoderm with two pairs of appendages
B) a sturdy-finned, shallow-water lobe-fin whose appendages had skeletal supports similar to
those of terrestrial vertebrates
C) an early ray-finned fish that developed bony skeletal supports in its paired fins
D) a salamander that had legs supported by a bony skeleton but moved with the side-to-side
bending typical of fishes
The Answer is : B