Name:______________________________
Date:_______________________________
Period:_______
Chapter 18 Study Guide
Introduction: Effects of the French Revolution
1. What kind of people commanded the Citizen armies of France?
2. Which armies defeated professionally trained armies?
3. Which faith in France was seriously challenged?
4. What will Europe be plunged into for a quarter century?
The Crisis of the French Monarchy
5. Why did King Louis XVI convene the Estates General?
6. What major problem did the monarchy face in the late-eighteenth century?
7. Which French institution spoke for aristocratic interests?
List the four things that were in Calonne’s Reform plan:
8.
9.
10.
11.
12. Who was responsible for the introduction of the revolutionary land tax that all landowners would have to pay
regardless of their social status?
13. According to the Parliament of Paris, which French institution could consent to new taxes?
The Revolution of 1789
14. Which group made up the First Estate of the Estates General?
15. Which group made up the Second Estate of the Estates General?
16. Which group made up the Third Estate of the Estates General?
List the two attempts made by the aristocracy to limit the influence of the Third Estate:
17.
18.
List the four grievances of the Cahiers de Doleances that were presented to the king:
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. What did the Third Estate declare itself on June 17?
24. What oath was taken by the National Assembly to give France a constitution?
25. How would voting occur because of this oath?
26. What new name did the National Assembly give itself?
27. Which minister of finance was dismissed by King Louis XVI?
28. What did most members of the National Constituent Assembly want to establish?
29. Which commodity, or the lack thereof, caused riots?
30. What fortress in Paris was stormed by shopkeepers, tradesmen, artisans, and wage earners?
31. Which hero of the American Revolution took command of the militia of Paris?
32. What were the three colors of the new French flag?
33. What were the disturbances that swept the French countryside in August 1789 called?
34. What did the peasants reclaim from the aristocracy in this event?
35. What caused the price of food to increase in 1789?
36. Which assembly proclaimed The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen?
37. What was this modeled after?
38. Who marched on Versailles on October 5, 1789?
39. How many were there?
40. Who did they force to return to Paris?
The Reconstruction of France
41. What governmental policy did the National Constituent Assembly pursue?
42. According to the French Constitution of 1791, who paid annual taxes equal to three days of labor wages?
43. How many Frenchman were qualified to vote according to the Constitution of 1791?
44. Which law forbade workers associations?
45. Whose land was confiscated to finance France’s debt?
46. What transformed the Roman Catholic Church into a branch of the French Estate?
47. Which pope condemned the French Revolution?
48. Which institution was openly hostile to the French Revolution after the passage of the Civil Constitution of the
Clergy?
49. What name was given to French aristocrats who relocated to the French border and tried to start a counterrevolution?
The End of the Monarchy: A Second Revolution
50. What was the most famous and best organized club of the Third Estate?
51. What did they establish with local clubs throughout the provinces?
List the three things that Jacobins embraced from Rousseau:
52.
53.
54.
55. What did they want instead of a constitutional monarchy?
56. What French term referred to “workers”?
List the two things that the Sans Culottes wanted above all else:
57.
58.
59. Which French monarch was condemned to death for conspiring against the liberty of the people?
60. What revolt in 1793 supported the monarchy?
Europe at War with the Revolution
61. Which British Statesman view the French Revolution as shortsided and politically ignorant?
62. What book did he write?
List the three predictions by the author about the French Revolution:
63.
64.
65.
66. Who wrote The Rights of Man?
67. Which British Prime Minister suppressed reform and popular movements during the 1780’s?
68. Which Prussian ruler promised to defend the new Polish constitutional order?
69. Which Polish military leader fought in the American Revolution?
70. Which three countries sent troops to Poland?
The Reign of Terror
List the four major countries that were at war with France by April 1793:
71.
72.
73.
74.
75. What was established to carry out the executive duties of the government in April 1793?
76. What was issued in 1793 that required the entire population of France to join the military?
77. Which army was larger than any other European army in history by late 1794?
78. How many men were in this army?
79. Who stated in the Social Contract one should sacrifice of one’s self and one’s interest for the good of the republic?
80. Public good over private good exemplifies what political philosophy?
81. Who embodied the “Republic of Virtue”?
List the three policies associated with terror in the name of republican virtue:
82.
83.
84.
85. What marked the first day of the new French calendar?
86. What new name was given to the Cathedral of Notre Dame?
87. What device of execution was considered humane and equal?
88. What name was given to extreme sans-culottes?
89. Which national hero was executed in April 1794?
90. What law permitted the conviction of counterrevolutionaries without substantial evidence?
91. What cult was founded by Robespierre?
92. Who “was the unwitting creator of his own destruction”?
The Thermidorian Reaction
93. What resulted in a new constitution, the closing of the Paris Jacobin Club, the reduction of political power of the
sans culottes, and a pull back from the radical revolution?
94. What happened to the Jacobins after the Reign of Terror?
95. Which group murdered suspected Jacobins?
96. Who had more freedom before 1789?
97. For which social class had the French Revolution been a victory?
98. Which French general commanded the canon and dispersed a crowd with grapeshot?
99. Which treaty was signed in June 1795?
100. Which two countries agreed to peace with the Convention of France?