Contents
P R E F A C E T O T H E S E C O N D E D IT IO N
XV
P R E F A C E T O T H E F IR S T E D IT IO N
X V iii
PART I. TRANSITIONS OF EMPIRE
No. 1
1802-03
T he Louisiana Crisis
Thomas Jefferson
3
No. 2
1811
T he No Transfer D octrine 6
The Congress o f the United States
No. 3
1823
Cuba: “A n Apple Severed by the Tem pest From Its
Native Tree” 9
John Quincy Adams
No. 4
1823
The M onroe D octrine
James Monroe
No. 5
1824
T he C ongress o f Panam a
Simón Bolivar
No. 6
1829
T he U nited States: “D estined to Plague A m erica w ith
Torm ents” 19
Simón Bolivar
No. 7
1845
U.S. P articipation in the Brazilian Slave Trade
Henry A. Wise
No. 8
1845
Texas, M exico an d M anifest D estiny
James K. Polk
No. 9
1846
President Polk’s W ar Message to C ongress
James K. Polk
13
16
23
26
21
vi
C O N TEN TS
No. 10 1846
T he Bidlack Treaty 28
The Governments of New Granada and the United States
No. 11 1847
T he U nited States: “A n Inconceivable
Extravaganza” 30
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
No. 12
1848
T he Treaty o f G uadalupe Hidalgo 33
The Governments of Mexico and the United States
No. 13
1850
T he Clayton-Bulw er Treaty 36
The Governments of the United States and Great Britain
No. 14
1854
T he O stend M anifesto 38
James Buchanan, J. Y. Mason and Pierre Soulé
No. 15
1860
Filibuster 41
William Walker
No. 16
1866
M exico Seeks S upport A gainst a Foreign
Aggressor 44
Matías Romero
No. 17
1871
Santo D om ingo Seeks A nnexation by the
U nited States 47
Hamilton Fish
No. 18
1888
A U.S. Official Interprets Latin A m erica
William Eleroy Curtis
No. 19
1889
T he First Inter-A m erican C onference
James G. Blaine
49
52
PART II. THE COLOSSUS OF THE NORTH
No. 20
1890
The Lessons o f H istory
Alfred Thayer Mahan
No. 21
1892
T he Baltim ore Affair
Benjamin Harrison
No. 22
1894-1895
T he C haracter o f the U nited States 63
José Marti
No. 23
1895
T he O lney M em orandum
Richard Olney
No. 24
1896
T he Calvo Clause
Carlos Calvo
No. 25
1898
T he D ecision to Act Against Spain
William McKinley
57
61
66
69
71
Contents
No. 26 1898
The Teller A m endm ent 73
The Congress of the United States
No. 27 1898
A nti-Im perialism in the U nited States
Andrew Carnegie
75
No. 28
1898 The Treaty o f Paris 77
The Governments of the United States and Spain
No. 29
1900 “A riel” 79
José Enrique Rodó
No. 30
1901 The Platt A m endm ent 82
The Congress of the United States
No. 31
1902 T he D rago D octrine 84
Luis M. Drago
No. 32 1903
T he H ay-B unau-Varilla Treaty 86
The Governments o f the United States and Panama
No. 33 1903
“I Took Final A ction in 1903”
Theodore Roosevelt
No. 34 1904
“To Roosevelt”
Rubén Darío
No. 35 1904
B anana Republics
O. Henry
No. 36 1904
T he Roosevelt C orollary to the M onroe D octrine
Theodore Roosevelt
No. 37
88
91
93
1912 M anaging N icaragua 98
Adolfo Diaz and Philander C. Knox
No. 38 1913
T he Pact o f the Em bassy
Henry Lane Wilson
101
No. 39
1913 The M obile Speech
Woodrow Wilson
No. 40
1914 T he B ry an -C h am o rro Treaty
107
The Governments o f the United States and Nicaragua
No. 41 1916
104
T he State D epartm ent an d Public O pinion
109
Robert Lansing
No. 42 1916
D ollar D iplom acy an d Social D arw inism
F. M. Huntington Wilson
No. 43
1917 T he Z im m e rm an n Telegram
Alfred Zimmermann
113
111
96
vii
viii
CO N TEN TS
No. 44
1917 T he Jones Act 115
The Congress of the United States
No. 45
1922 A n A rgentine D enunciation o f Pan-A m ericanism
fosé Ingenieros
No. 46
1923 The Bucareli Accords 119
The Governments of Mexico and the United States
No. 47
1926 A Latin A m erican D octrine o f A nti-Im perialism
Victor Haya de la Torre
No. 48
1928 A Defense o f Intervention
Charles E. Hughes
No. 49
1928 W ith Sandino in N icaragua
Carleton Beals
No. 50
1928 T he C lark M em orandum
f. Reuben Clark
116
122
124
126
129
PART III. BURYING THE BIG STICK
No. 51
1933 T he G ood N eighbor Policy
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
133
No. 52
1933 M ission to H avana
Sumner Welles
No. 53
1933 T he U nited States Accepts the N on-Intervention
Principle 138
The Delegates to the Seventh International Conference of
American States
No. 54
1936 H em ispheric Security and N on-Intervention
140
The Delegates to the Inter-American Conference for the
Maintenance of Peace
No. 55
1938 Just C om pensation for the G ood N eighbor
Cordell Hull
No. 56
1938 Populist D iplom acy in M exico
Josephus Daniels
No. 57
1938 A Skeptic Views the G ood N eighbor Policy
Carleton Beals
No. 58
1940 M arketing P an-A m ericanism 150
The U.S. Office of the Coordinator o f Inter-American Affairs
135
142
144
147
Contents
No. 59 1941 -1943
“The Lady in the Tutti-Frutti H at” 153
Carmen Miranda, Leo Robin and Harry Warren
No. 60 1942
C onfronting the Fascist T hreat 155
The Delegates to the Third Meeting o f Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of the American Republics
No. 61
1942
The Bracero Program 158
The Governments of Mexico and the United States
No. 62
1943
A H istorian Defends U.S. Policy
Samuel Flagg Bemis
No. 63
1944
“Rum an d Coca-Cola” 163
Lionel Belasco and others
No. 64
1945
T he Act o f C hapultepec 166
The Delegates to the Inter-American Conference on
Problems o f War and Peace
No. 65
1946
T he Blue B ook on A rgentina (Braden
R eport) 168
Spruille Braden and the U.S. State Department
No. 66
1946
C hilean Labor and U.S. Capital
U.S. Department o f State
ix
160
171
PART IV. T H E C O L D W AR
No. 67
1947 and 1954
A C harter for C overt A ction? 177
The Congress o f the United States and the Doolittle
Committee
No. 68
1947
T he Rio Treaty 179
The Governments of the United States and Latin
America
No. 69
1948
The C harter o f the O rganization o f A m erican
States 181
The Delegates to the Ninth International Conference
o f American States
No. 70
1948
T he M enace o f C om m unism
184
The Delegates to the Ninth International Conference
o f American States
No. 71
1950
A Realist Views Latin A m erica
George F. Kennan
186
X
CO N TEN TS
No. 72 1950
A N ew Econom ie M odel for Latin A m erica
Raúl Prebisch
No. 73 1954
T erm inating a R evolution in G uatem ala—A View from
W ashington 192
John C. Dreier
No. 74 1954
T erm inating a R evolution in G uatem ala—A View from
G uatem ala 194
Luis Cardoza y Aragon
No. 75
1956 Tam ing a R evolution in Bolivia 197
George Jackson Eder
No. 76
1957 O n th e R oad to M exico
Jack Kerouac
No. 77 1957
189
200
W ith C astro in the Sierra M aestra
Herbert L. Matthews
202
No. 78
1958 O p eration Pan A m erica
Juscelino Kubitschek
No. 79
1959 M exico an d the C uban Revolution
Lázaro Cárdenas
No. 80
1960 T he Act o f Bogotá 211
The Committee of 21
No. 81
1960 D ebating C uba and C astro 215
Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy
No. 82
1960 Listen, Yankee
C. Wright Mills
No. 83
1961 The A lliance for Progress
John F. Kennedy
221
No. 84
1961 Lessons o f the Bay of Pigs
John F. Kennedy
224
No. 85
1961 T he C h arter o f P unta del Este 227
The Delegates to the Special Meeting of the Inter-American
Economic and Social Council
No. 86
1961 The Shark an d the Sardines
Juan José Arévalo
No. 87 1962
205
207
218
230
The Second D eclaration o f H avana
Fidel Castro
233
C ontents
xi
No. 88
1962
T he H ickenlooper A m endm ent
The Congress o f the United States
No. 89
1962
T he Principles o f Econom ic D evelopm ent—According
to W ashington 238
Thomas C. Mann
No. 90
1963
T he W ine is Bitter
Milton Eisenhower
No. 91
1964
T he U nited States an d the Brazilian coup
Vernon A. Walters
243
No. 92
1965
Intervention in the D om inican Republic
J. William Fulbright
248
No. 93
1966
Two, Three, M any Vietnam s
Ernesto “Che”Guevara
No. 94
1967
T he Tlatelolco Treaty 253
The Governments o f Latin America
No. 95
1967
The Lost Alliance 256
Eduardo Frei Montalva
No. 96
1967
T ransferring the Tools o f C ounterinsurgency
Albert H. Smith Jr.
No. 97
1967
Songs o f Protest from Latin A m erica
The First Protest Song Conference
No. 98
1968
M assacre in M exico 263
U.S. Department o f State
No. 99
1969
T he Rockefeller R eport
Nelson A. Rockefeller
No. 100
1969
The Principles o f Econom ic Developm ent—According to
th e Dependentistas 268
Fernando H. Cardoso and Enzo Faletto
No. 101
1969
Playa G irón 271
Silvio Rodríguez
No. 102
1972
T he C ulture o f Im perialism 273
Ariel Dorfman and Armand Mattelart
237
241
251
259
261
265
xii
CO N TEN TS
No. 103
1975
The C hurch C om m ittee R eport on CIA C overt
A ction 277
U.S. Senate Select Committee to Study
Governmental Operations
No. 104
1975 and 1978
H um an Rights an d Foreign A id
The Congress of the United States
No. 105
1976
The U nited States an d H u m an Rights in
Chile 284
Henry A. Kissinger and Augusto Pinochet
No. 106
1976
Soft Spots in the “Brazilian M odel”
G. A. Costanzo
No. 107
1976
O peration C ondor 292
United States Department o f Defense
No. 108
1977
The Panam a C anal Treaties 294
The Governments of the United States and
Panama
No. 109
1980
Saving the N ew W orld From
C om m unism 296
The Committee of Santa Fe
No. 110
1983
P rom oting D em ocracy 299
The Congress o f the United States and the National
Endowment for Democracy
No. 111
1984
C entral A m erica in Revolt: A Reagan
A dm inistration View 302
The National Bipartisan Commission on Central
America
No. 112
1984
The Fear o f C om m unism in C entral
A m erica 304
Ronald Reagan
No. 113
1984
Teaching Sabotage 307
The U.S. Central Intelligence Agency
No. 114 1985-1986
No. 115
1986
Advising Bolivia
Jeffrey D. Sachs
281
310
T he U nited States C ondem ned
The International Court o f Justice
315
288
Contents
No. 116
1986 T he Pentagon Prepares for Prolonged W ar
The U.S. Department o f Defense
318
No. 117
1986 Solidarity 321
Audrey Seniors
No. 118
1987 T he Esquipulas II Accords 324
The Governments of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras and Nicaragua
No. 119
1987 A School o f the A m ericas “Study M anual”
The U.S. Department o f Defense
No. 120
1988 “We Say No” 330
Eduardo Galeano
327
PART V. AFTER THE COLD WAR: CONFLICT IN THE SEARCH
FOR COMMON GROUND
No. 121
1990 U nited States o f A m erica v. M anuel A ntonio
N oriega 335
William M. Hoeveler
No. 122
1992 The Rio D eclaration on E nvironm ent and
D evelopm ent 338
The Delegates to the U.N. Conference on Environment and
Development
No. 123
1994 T he N o rth A m erican Free Trade A greem ent 342
The Governments of Canada, the United States and Mexico
No. 124
1994 Insurgency A fter the C old W ar 345
The Zapatista Army of National Liberation
No. 125
No. 126
1994
P roposition 187 348
The Voters of California
1994 T he Sum m it o f the A m ericas 351
The Heads of State o f Thirty-Four American Nations
No. 127
1994
M ilitary Intervention in H aiti
Colin L. Powell
354
No. 128
1996
The H elm s-B u rto n Act 358
The Government o f the United States
No. 129
1996
Sweat-Shop Labor 363
The Organización Regional Interamericana de Trabajadores
xiv
CO N TEN TS
No. 130
1998-2002
A m ending the C uban Revolution: T he Varela
Project 367
Oswaldo Payá Sardiñas et al.
No. 131
1999
T ruth and R econciliation in G uatem ala 372
The Commission for Historical Clarification
No. 132
1999
The D rug War: “Plan C olom bia” 378
The Governments of Colombia and the United States
No. 133 2001
T he Inter-A m erican D em ocratic C harter
The Organization of American States
No. 134 2002
U.S. Naval Station G uantánam o Bay
The Government o f Cuba
No. 135 2006
U nauthorized Im m igration to the U nited
States 390
The Governments of Mexico, Central America, the
Dominican Republic and Colombia
No. 136 2006
“We Indigenous Peoples”
Juan Evo Morales Ayma
No. 137 2006
“T he Devil C am e H ere Yesterday”
Hugo Chávez Frías
No. 138 2008
The D eclaration o f Salvador 400
First Summit o f Latin America and the Caribbean on
Integration and Development
in d e x
405
382
387
393
397