Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
PROCESS
ECONOMICS
PROGRAM
SRI INTERNATIONAL
Abstract
Menlo Park, California
94025
Process Economics Program Report No. 171 D
PESTICIDES AND INTERMEDIATES
(January 1989)
Chlorothalonil, a fungicide, is produced commercially by the chlorination of isophthalonitrile. lsophthalonitrile is produced by the ammoxidation (oxidative ammonolysis) of mxylene. Methamidophos, an insecticide, is made from O,O-dimethyl phosphorochloroidothioate and ammonia. The O,O-dimethyl phosphorochloridothioate is produced by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide with methanol and chlorinating the resulting acid. The processes
for producing each of these pesticides and their respective intermediates are evaluated in
this report. Production and capital cost estimates are also presented for each process.
In addition, this report includes summaries of patents relevant to both the production of
these compounds and the treatment of any by-product streams resulting from their production. Sections on the industry status of these materials and the basic chemistry of the manufacturing processes are presented.
PEP ‘87 L. Elkin
C. Michaels
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
aD
E
a-
0
0
on
Report No. 171D
PESTICIDES AND
INTERMEDIATES
a 0-
a-
E
kl
a
Q
SUPPLEMENT D
by LLOYD M. ELKIN
and COLLEEN S. MICHAELS
Y
I E,
January 1989
aa
m
A private report by the
PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM
Menlo Park, California 94025
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
For detailed marketing data and information, the reader is referred to one of the SRI
programs specializing in marketing research. The CHEMICAL ECONOMlCS HANDBOOK
Programcovers most major chemicals and chemical products produced in the United
States and the WORLD PETROCHEMCALS Program covers major hydrocarbons and
their derivatives on a worldwide basis. In addition, the SRI D/RECTORY OF CHEMlCAL
PRODUCERS services provide detailed lists of chemical producers by company,
product, and plant for the United States and Western Europe
ii
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
CONTENTS
a-
aa
a
l-l
1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
SUMMARY .......................................................
GENERAL ASPECTS ...............................................
lsophthalonitrile ...................................................
Chlorothalonil .....................................................
Phosphorus Pentasulfide ...........................................
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate (DMPCT) ......................
Methamidophos ...................................................
ECONOMIC ASPECTS ..............................................
Chlorothalonil and lsophthalonitrile ...................................
Methamidophos, DMPCT, and Phosphorous Pentasulfide .................
TECHNICAL ASPECTS ..............................................
lsophthalonitrile ...................................................
Chlorothalonil .....................................................
Phosphorus Pentasulfide ...........................................
DMPCT ..........................................................
Methamidophos ...................................................
2-l
2-l
2-l
2-2
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-4
2-4
2-6
2-7
2-7
2-9
2-9
2-10
2-l 1
3
INDUSTRY STATUS ................................................
CHLOROTHALONIL.................................................
The Fungicide Market and Consumption Data ..........................
Production and Plant Capacities .....................................
Prices ...........................................................
Raw Materials ....................................................
New Formulations .................................................
Future Outlook ....................................................
ISOPHTHALONITRILE...............................................
Consumption .....................................................
Production .......................................................
Prices ...........................................................
Raw Materials ....................................................
Licensing ........................................................
METHAMIDOPHOS .................................................
The Insecticide Market and Consumption Data .........................
Production and Plant Capacities .....................................
Prices ...........................................................
Raw Materials ....................................................
Future Outlook ....................................................
3-l
3-l
3-l
3-2
3-3
3-3
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-6
3-6
3-7
3-7
3-6
3-9
3-9
3-l 0
3-l 1
...
Ill
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
3
INDUSTRY STATUS (Continued)
PHOSPHORUSPENTASULFIDE .......................................
Consumption Data and Product Demand ..............................
Production and Plant Capacities .....................................
Prices ...........................................................
Raw Materials ....................................................
Licensing ........................................................
Future Prospects ..................................................
4
CHEMISTRY ......................................................
ISOPHTHALONITRILE...............................................
CHLOROTHALONIL.................................................
PHOSPHORUSPENTASULFIDE .......................................
DMPCT ..........................................................
METHAMIDOPHOS .................................................
5
ISOPHTHALONITRILEBY AMMOXIDATION OF M-XYLENE .................
REVIEW OF PATENTS ..............................................
PROCESS DESCRIPTION ............................................
IPN Production/Recovery (Section 100) ...............................
Purge Gas Treatment (Section 200) ..................................
Water Treatment/Ammonia Recovery (Section 300) .....................
Offsite Storage ...................................................
PROCESS DISCUSSION .............................................
Yield Structure and Reactor Design ..................................
Product Purity ....................................................
Flaking and Bagging ...............................................
Process Building and Warehouse ....................................
Carbon Dioxide Absorption into Amine Streams ........................
Ammonia Absorber Design .........................................
Ammonia Recovery from the Aqueous Phase ..........................
Incineration of Plant Wastes .........................................
Utilities Consumption ..............................................
Materials of Construction ...........................................
COST ESTIMATES .................................................
Capital Costs .....................................................
Capital Costs Comparison ..........................................
Production Costs ..................................................
iv
3-13
3-14
3-l 5
3-17
3-l 7
3-18
3-18
4-l
4-l
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-8
5-l
5-l
5-2
5-3
5-6
5-9
5-10
5-l 6
5-18
5-l 8
5-18
5-18
5-19
5-19
5-19
5-20
5-20
5-21
5-21
5-21
5-22
5-22
0
a
I
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
CONTENTS
6
CHLOROTHALONILBY CHLORlNATlONOF ISOPHTHALONITRILE............
REVIEW OF PATENTS ..............................................
PROCESS DESCRIPTION ............................................
TIPN Production and Recovery Section (Section 100) ...................
Chlorine Recovery and Gas Treatment Section (Section 200) .............
Waste Treatment Section (Section 300) ..............................
PROCESS DISCUSSION .............................................
Choice of Design Patents ...........................................
Plant Capacity ....................................................
Purity of Feeds ...................................................
Chlorination Reactor Design .........................................
Catalyst .........................................................
Desublimation ....................................................
TIPN Product Treatment ............................................
Reaction Gas Scrubber .............................................
Carbon Tetrachloride Coolant/Absorbent System .......................
Chlorine Recovery and Gas Treatment ................................
Process Building and Warehouse ....................................
..-; ........................
Materials of Construction ................
Glass-lined Carbon Steel ...........................................
Nickel ...........................................................
InconeMD ........................................................
MonelQD .........................................................
Waste Treatment ..................................................
Direct Chlorination Without Isolation of the IPN Intermediate ..............
CARTAL AND PRODUCTIONCOST ...................................
Capital Costs .....................................................
Production Costs ..................................................
Profitability .......................................................
Charge for G&A, Sales, and Research ................................
Waste Treatment Costs ............................................
6-l
6-l
6-2
6-4
6-7
6-6
6-l 6
6-16
6-16
6-17
6-17
6-18
6-16
6-19
6-19
6-19
6-19
6-20
6-21
6-21
6-21
6-21
6-21
6-22
6-22
6-22
6-22
6-23
6-23
6-24
6-24
7
PHOSPHORUSPENTASULFIDEFROM PHOSPHORUSAND SULFUR ..........
REVIEW OF PROCESSES ...........................................
Reactors .........................................................
Product Purification ................................................
Phosphorus Purification ............................................
Phosphorus Pentasulfide Reactivity ...................................
PROCESS DESCRIPTION ............................................
PROCESS DISCUSSION .............................................
7-l
7-l
7-l
7-l
7-2
7-2
7-2
7-12
..
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
CONTENTS
7
6
9
PHOSPHORUSPENTASULFIDEFROM PHOSPHORUSAND SULFUR (Continued)
Choice of Design Patents ...........................................
Phosphorus Purification ............................................
Semi-continuous Reaction System ...................................
Blending/Surge Vessel, V-l 11 ......................................
Materials of Construction ...........................................
Phosphorus Pentasulfide Reactivity ...................................
Annealing ........................................................
Waste Treatment ..................................................
Stream Factor ....................................................
CAPlTAL AND PRODUCTIONCOSTS ..................................
7-12
7-13
7-13
7-14
7-l 4
7-14
7-15
7-15
7-l 6
7-17
O,O-DIMETHYL PHOSPHOROCHLORlDOTHlOATE
FROM PHOSPHORUS
PENTASULFIDE, METHANOL, AND CHLORINE ..........................
REVIEW OF PROCESSES ...........................................
Principal Route ...................................................
O,O-Diiethyl Phosphorodithioic Acid (DMPA) .........................
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate (DMPCT) ......................
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate ................................
Methamidophos (OS-Dimethyf Phosphoroamidothioate) .................
PROCESS DESCRlPTlON ............................................
PROCESS DISCUSSION .............................................
Choice of Design Patents ...........................................
Diihioic Acid Reactor, R-101 ........................................
Chlorination Reactors, R-201, R-202, and R-203A&B ...................
Rotary Kiln Incinerator ..............................................
Waste Treatment, Total Disposal ....................................
Sodium Sulfite By-Product Credit ....................................
CAPITAL AND PRODUCTIONCOSTS ..................................
6-l
6-l
6-l
6-2
6-2
6-4
6-4
6-5
6-21
6-21
6-21
6-22
6-22
6-23
6-23
6-23
OS-DIMETHYL PHOSPHOROAMIDOTHIOATE(METHAMIDOPHOS) FROM
O,O-DIMETHYL PHOSPHOROCHLORlDOTHlOATE
AND
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE ...........................................
PROCESS REVIEW .................................................
PROCESS DESCRIPTION ............................................
PROCESS DISCUSSION .............................................
Choice of Design Patent ...........................................
Product Purity ....................................................
9-l
9-l
9-l
9-11
9-l 1
9-l 1
vi
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
CONTENTS
9
OS-DIMETHYL PHOSPHOROAMlDOTHlOATE(METHAMIDOPHOS) FROM
O,O-DIMETHYL PHOSPHOROCHLORlDOTHlOATE
AND
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE (Continued)
Diluent in Formulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Waste Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CAPITAL AND PRODUCTIONCOSTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PROFITABIUTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-l 1
9-l 1
9-11
9-l 2
9-12
APPENDIX A
DESIGN AND COST BASIS .................................
A-l
APPENDIX B
PRODUCT AND RAW MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS ..............
B-l
APPENDIX C
PROPERTIES,TOXICITY, AND SAFETY INFORMATlON ...........
C-l
APPENDIX D
EQUIPMENTSUPPLIERS ...................................
D-l
APPENDIX E
PATENT SUMMARY TABLES ................................
E-l
APPENDIX F
CITED REFERENCES ......................................
F-l
APPENDIX G
PATENT REFERENCESBY COMPANY ........................
G-l
APPENDIX H
FLOWSHEETS ...........................................
H-l
vii
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
ILLUSTRATIONS
0
5.1
6.1
7.1
6.1
9.1
lsophthalonitrile by Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Flow Sheet .,.,,,.......,........................................
H-l
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Flow Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
H-5
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Flow Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
H-6
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate (DMPCT) from Phosphorus
Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Flow Sheet ,.,.,....,............................................
H-10
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate Methamidophos from O,O-Dimethyl
Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonia
Flow Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
H-13
- ix -
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
TABLES
-
2.1
lsophthalonitrile and Chlorothalonil
Estimated Manufacturing Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I..................
2-5
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate
(DMPCT) , and O,S-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate (Methamidophos)
Estimated Manufacturing Costs ..,......m......,............,......
2-6
Chlorothalonil
Plant Capacities, 1963 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*.......
3-3
lsophthalonitrile
Plant Capacities, 1967 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5
High Purity m-Xylene
Producers and Plant Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-7
3.4
U.S. Consumption of Insecticides by Chemical Class . . . . . . . ..*.......
3-6
3.5
Organophosphorus Insecticides
U.S. Consumption of Selected Insecticides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-9
Methamidophos
Producers and Plant Capacities, 1963 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-10
Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothloate
Producers and Plant Capacities, 1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*........
3-12
Phosphorus Pentasulfide
U.S. Consumption by End Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-14
Phosphorus Pentasulfide
Producers and Plant Capacities, 1966 . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*...*.*.........
3-l 6
Phosphorus Pentasulfide
U.S. Production and Export (1965-1967) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*......
3-l 7
2.2
a-
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.6
3.7
3.6
3.9
3.10
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
lsophthalonitrile from m-Xylene by Ammoxidation
Reactor Conditions
Patent Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E-3
Production of lsophthalonitrile
Patent Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E-l 3
lsophthalonitrile from m-Xylene by Ammoxidation
Process Design Features
Patent Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E-l 6
lsophthalonitrile by Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Design Bases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-4
xi
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
TABLES
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.6
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
lsophthalonitrile from Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Major Equipment ,................,.......,.......,..............
5-11
lsophthalonitrile from Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Utilities Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-13
lsophthalonitrile by Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Stream Flows .,..,..,..,,,,,...,................................
5-14
lsophthalonitrile from Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Total Capital Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-24
lsophthalonitrile from Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Capital Investment by Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-25
lsophthalonitrile from Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Productlon Costs .,..,...........................................
5-26
lsophthalonitrile from Ammoxidation of m-Xylene
Direct Costs by Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-26
Working Capital Calculation
15 Million lblyr Isophthalonitrile Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-29
Chlorothalonil from lsophthalonitrile
Patent Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*...........................
E-l 6
Chlorothalonil from Isophthalonitrile, Chlorine Recovery
Patent Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E-20
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Design Bases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-3
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Major Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-10
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Utilities Summary ,,...........,.................................
6-12
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Stream Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-13
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Total Capital Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-25
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Capital Investment by Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..m..................
6-26
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of lsophthalonitrile
Production Costs . . ..I...........................................
6-27
xii
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
Chlorothalonil by Chlorination of Isophthalonitrile
Direct Costs by Section ,.........................................
6-29
6.11
Working Capital Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..a
6-30
7.1
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Patent Summary ..,...,...,.,,,,,,.,,...........................
E-21
6.10
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
6.1
6.2
8.3
6.4
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Design Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-4
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Major Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-7
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Utilities Summary ..,.,....,.,.,.................................
7-9
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Stream Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-10
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Summary of Reactor Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-11
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Total Capital Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-19
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Capital Investment by Section .,,..................................
7-20
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Production Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-21
Phosphorus Pentasulfide from Phosphorus and Sulfur
Direct Costs by Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-23
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothloate and Related Chemical Intermediates
Patent Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*........*......
E-24
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochlorldothioate from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Design Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-7
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide , Methanol, and Chlorine
Major Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*.....*............
8-12
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Utilities Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...*...
8-l 4
xiii
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
TABLES
8.5
6.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
8.10
8.11
6.12
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate (DMPCT) from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Stream Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-15
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate (DMPCT) from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Reactor Conditions, Dithioic Acid Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-l 8
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate (DMPCT) from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Reactor Conditions, Chlorination Reactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-19
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate (DMPCT) from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Operations in Batch Reactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-20
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Total Capital Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*..................
8-24
O,O-Dlmethyl Phosphorochloridothioate from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Capital Investment by Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*m......
8-25
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Production Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-26
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate from
Phosphorus Pentasulfide, Methanol, and Chlorine
Direct Costs by Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-26
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate (Methamidophos) from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonium Hydroxide
Design Basis ,,.,..,.....,,.,...,.....,.........................
9-2
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonia
Major Equipment ,....,,....,..,......,..........................
9-5
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate from
O,O-Dlmethyl Phosphorochoridothioate and Ammonia
Utilities Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-6
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate (Methamidophos) from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonia
Stream Flows ,,,....,...,,,....,,...............................
9-7
xiv
Pesticides and Intermediates, Supp. D, January 1989
TABLES
l
0
9.5
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate (Methamidophos) from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonium Hydroxide
Reactor Conditions, Amidation Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.6
9-6
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate (Methamidophos) from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonium Hydroxide
Reactor Conditions, lsomerization Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.7
9-9
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate (Methamidophos) from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonium Hydroxide
Operating Schedule of Batch Reactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*..............
9.8
9-l 0
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothloate from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothloate and Ammonia
Total Capital Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.9
9-14
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonia
Production Costs .,.........,,.,.....,,.,,....................*..
9-15
OS-Dimethyl Phosphoroamidothioate (Methamidophos) from
O,O-Dimethyl Phosphorochloridothioate and Ammonium Hydroxide
Working Capital for 5 Million lblyr (2,300 tlyr) Methamidophos Plant . . . . .
9-17
9.10
a
xv