CO 10
Fig. 10.1
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Linnaeus and Taxonomy
„
A scientific name of an animal consists of two
words (binomial nomenclature)
„
„
„
Scientific name should be printed in italics or
underlined if handwritten
„
Genus name
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Always a noun
Names of genera must refer only to a single group
of organisms
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Linnaeus and Taxonomy
Linnaeus and Taxonomy
„
Usually an adjective that must agree in gender
with the species
Never used alone
A specific epithet may be used in different
genera
„
Homo sapiens
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Species epithet (修飾詞)
„
First word is the genus and is capitalized
Second is the specific epithet written in lower case
Sita carolinensis (white-breasted nuthatch 鳾)
Poecile carolinensis (Carolina chickadee 山雀)
Ranks above species are single names
written with a capital initial letter
„ Reptilia and Cnidaria
„
In Classification
„ Taxonomist asks whether a species being
classified contains the defining feature of
a particular taxonomic class
In Systematization
„ Taxonomist asks whether the
characteristics of a species confirm or
reject the hypothesis that it descends from
the most recent common ancestor of a
particular taxon
1
Fig. 10.2
Fig. 10.3
Fig. 10.4
Fig. 10.5
Phylogenetic tree
Fig. 10.6
Fig. 10.8
2
Fig. 10.9
Fig. 10.11
3