DAY 7
Chapter 4 Section 2 and 3
DAILY RXN
•
Elements with oxygen attached have special names. PO4
is called phosphate, SO4 is called sulfate. They are called
oxyanions.
RADIOACTIVE DECAY
Nuclear Reactions
• Changing of the atom of one element…into the atom
of another element
Radioactivity
• Spontaneous emitting of radiation
Radiation
• Rays and particles...? Will discuss later.
Radioactive Decay
• Unstable radioactive atoms decay into stable
nonradioactive atoms
VIDEO
TYPES OF RADIATION
Types of Radiation
1.
Alpha Radiation
•
2.
Beta Radiation
•
3.
Alpha particles (+)
Beta particles (-)
Gamma Radiation
•
Gamma particle (no charge)
Alpha Radiation -
α
TYPES OF RADIATION
•
Alpha particles = 2protons & 2 neutrons (2+ charge)
•
Mass # decreases and Atomic #
EQUATION OF ALPHA ( ) RADIATION
α
226
88 Ra
222
Radium-226
Radon-222
Rn
86
4
He
2
α particle
Beta Radiation -
β
TYPES OF RADIATION
•
Conversion of a neutron into a proton
•
Releases a fast moving electron
•
Mass # stays the same… Atomic # increases
EQUATION OF BETA ( β)
RADIATION
14
C
6
Carbon-14
N
7
14
Nitrogen-14
0
β
-1
β particle
Gamma Radiation -
TYPES OF RADIATION
•
High energy radiation
•
Energy lost due to beta and alpha radiation
Gamma Radiation
gamma ray
EQUATION OF GAMMA ( ) RADIATION
92 U
238
Uranium-238
Th
90
234
Thorium-234
He
2
4
α particle
0
20
particle
REVIEW
DANGERS
BAND OF STABILITY
Neutron to Proton Ratio
•
Most atoms are between 1:1 and 1.5 : 1
•
Very Stable
When are atoms Radioactive?
• When the ratio is greater than 1.5 : 1
• Atomic #s greater than 82
• When the Proton / Neutron ration is outside the
band of stability
HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT
•
Homework #3 - Day 7
A LOOK AHEAD
•
Day 8: Isotopes Quiz:
•
•
Chapter 24 Section 1
Day 9: Chapter 24 Section 2