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Bio 124 Lecture # 4 (9/1/16)
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I. Biology basics
A.
What is life?
B.
Building blocks of life
C.
Fueling life
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
II. Nutrients
Characteristics of Life:
Order
Characteristics of Life:
Growth & Development
Biology:
the scientific study of life and living organisms
What does it mean to be ‘alive’?
Characteristics of Life:
Reproduction
Characteristics of Life:
Exchange energy &
matter
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Characteristics of Life:
Regulation
Characteristics of Life:
Respond to the environment
Characteristics of Life:
Carbohydrates: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
Evolutionary Adaptation
Carbohydrates - examples
Proteins: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
Chitin
(eg. Crab
shells)
Cellulose
(plant cell
walls)
http://www.robaid.com/bionics/turning-chitin-intopharmaceuticals-with-fungi.htm
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Proteins - examples
hemoglobin
enzymes
Lipids (fats, oils, waxes):
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, &
sometimes others
(phosphorus, sulfur, etc)
Poisons, etc
hormones
structure
lipid bilayer – cell membranes
Nucleic Acids:
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus,
nitrogen
ATP – a nucleic acid – energy currency of
organisms
DNA
chloroplasts
CO2 + H2O + Sunlight -> Sugars + O2
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Limiting nutrients
1. List 7 characteristics of living organisms.
2. Define evolution & adaptation.
3. Define: homeostasis, metabolism, cell, organic
compound
4. Which property of water allows it to be the basis
of life? Explain
5. Briefly describe each of the following 4 types of
organic compounds: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
nucleic acids. Note their main ingredients & what
roles they play for biological organisms.
6. Write the basic ‘equations’ for photosynthesis &
respiration.
7. Define: autotroph, chlorophyll, carbon fixation,
glucose, nutrient, limiting nutrient.
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