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EDUCARE LTD.
SUMMARY
The writer F.M. Britto in the lesson "Make Friends" conveys that every
individual needs friends. He further highlights the qualities of a true friend. The text
also guides us how to build a true friendship and enlists the do’s and don'ts of 'Friendship'.
PRE - READING ACTIVITY
1.
Choose the words given below to describe a friend and put them in the boxes
correctly to get the answer and discover the new word which we all love to
have.
funny
humble
ingenious
perfect
delightful
reliable
needful
supportive
interesting
encouraging
P E R F E C T
E N C O U R A G I N G
I N T E R E S T I N G
N E E D F U L
F U N N Y
D E L I G H T F U L
I N G E N I O U S
H U M B L E
R E L I A B L E
S U P P O R T I V E
2.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
As a good friend which of the following things would you do for your friend?
Put a tick (  ) in the box provided.
share

help him/her

abuse him/her

trust him/her

disagree about everything

remain faithful in good and bad times

READING ACTIVITY
1.
Ans.
Write a proverb to summarise the gist of the text.
‘A friend in need is a friend indeed.’
PASSAGE I (Lines 1 - 16)
“Two young......................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................counted as friends”
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English
GLOSSARY
finance(v)
labour
sensitive
ruined
rugged
manual
gnarled
intertwined
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provide with money
manual work
affected by slight changes of condition
destroyed
rough, hard
done with hands
knotty and twisted
twisted together
SIMPLE FACTUAL QUESTIONS (SFQ).
(1 Mark)
What has become famous in art gallery ?
The sketch, ‘praying hands’ has become world famous in art gallery.
What was the wish of the two friends ?
The two friends wished to become artists.
How did Knigstein support his friend?
Knigstein took up manual labour in order to finance his friend.
How did Knigstein’s fingers become gnarled?
Knigstein’s fingers became gnarled due to manual labour.
How does Durer describe Knigstein ?
Durer describes Knigstein as a sacrificing friend.
COMPLEX FACTUAL QUESTIONS (CFQ).
(1 Mark)
What did the two friends decide in order to fulfil their wish?
They decided that one would support the other to go to the Art school and once
he was settled then by selling his paintings, he would sponsor and support his
friend to become an artist.
Why couldn’t Knigstein become an artist?
When Knigstein supported his friend Durer with his hard work to enable him to
go to the Art School, his sensitive fingers required for art were ruined therefore
he couldn’t become an artist.
What is the sketch ‘praying hands’ about?
The sketch ‘praying hands’ is about the sacrifice of a friend, Franz Knigstein,
who had sacrificed his own desire to become an artist for his friend’s sake.
INTERPRETATIVE / EVALUATIVE QUESTIONS (IQ/EQ).
(1 Mark)
Why do we need friends according to the writer?
We need friends to talk, laugh, share, understand and play together.
Why is Knigstein called a sacrificing friend?
Knigstein supported his friend Durer with his labour so that he could become
an artist. In the bargain, his fingers were so ruined that he couldn’t become an
artist. Therefore he was rightly called ‘a sacrificing friend.’
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3.
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[IV]
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[V]
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[VI]
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EDUCARE LTD.
What qualities of a good friend come out from this passage ?
Sharing of responsibility and sacrificing for a friend are some qualities of a
good friend.
GRAMMAR.
(2 Marks)
They are the fingers of Knigstein, a sacrificing friend.
(Rewrite using a subordinator)
They are the fingers of Knigstein who was a sacrificing friend.
But they had no money.
(Rewrite as Affirmative)
But they were without money.
We may be friendly with many but they cannot be counted as friends.
(Rewrite as a Complex sentence)
Though we may be friendly with many, they cannot be counted as friends.
The sensitive fingers of Knigstein had been so ruined by his work that he
could hardly become an artist.
(Rewrite the sentence using ‘too’)
The sensitive fingers of Knigstein had been too ruined by hard work to become
an artist.
They agreed that one would work and finance the other.
(Analyse the Clauses and state the relation)
They agreed - Main Clause
that one would work and finance the other - Subordinate Noun Clause object of
the verb ‘agreed’ in the Main Clause
VOCABULARY QUESTIONS (VQ).
Write words from the passage which mean : (a) twisted
(a) gnarled
(b) rugged
Write the antonyms of : (a) friend
(b) deep
(a) foe or enemy
(b) shallow
Write the noun forms of : (a) famous
(b) friend
(a) fame (b) friendship
PERSONAL QUESTIONS (PQ).
(2 Marks)
(b) rough
(2 Marks)
What do you think about the friendship between Albrecht Durer and Franz
Knigstein?
It is rarely that we come across such a deep bond in today’s world. It is so
touching to read about Durer and Knigstein. Knigstein sacrificed his inner
most desire of becoming an artist for his friend. Durer might have suffered a lot
on knowing that his friend could not pursue his dream of going to the Art School.
They indeed shared a close relationship and were true friends.
PASSAGE II (Lines 17 - 35)
‘George Eliot.........................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................... others’ privacy.
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English
GLOSSARY
criticizing
reveal
vulnerability
depleted
nourish
grumpy
exaggerate
sarcastic
invade
psychology
undependable
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[IV]
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finding faults
disclose
weakness
reduced
grow, develop
bad tempered
overstate
saying things that are opposite of what you mean
to encroach (upon), attack
science of mind and behaviour
unreliable
SIMPLE FACTUAL QUESTIONS (SFQ).
(1 Mark)
How does George Eliot define friendship?
According to George Eliot, friendship is feeling safe with a person, having neither
to weigh thoughts nor measure words.
Why should we choose our friends with care?
We should choose our friends with care as we become what they are.
What do we need to realise?
We do need to realise that we are imperfect humans but love gives us strength.
COMPLEX FACTUAL QUESTIONS (CFQ).
(1 Mark)
What does a long term happy friendship indicate?
(Sept. ’08)
A long term happy friendship indicates that persons involved have a strong
sense of self - worth and are very giving in friendship without the fear of becoming
depleted.
What are the possible ways of losing friends ?
(Sept. ’08)
We can lose our friends by becoming undependable, grumpy, exaggerating,
bossy, sarcastic, criticizing and invading others’ privacy.
INTERPRETATIVE / EVALUATIVE QUESTIONS (IQ/EQ).
(1 Mark)
Why are people afraid to make friends?
A few might have been hurt or cheated in the past so they are afraid to make
friends to avoid humiliation.
Explain - to have a place in someone's heart is to be never alone.
The writer means that if we have a true friend we never feel lonely.
GRAMMAR.
(2 Marks)
Friendship requires special nourishing.
(Change the Voice)
Special nourishing is required for friendship.
We need to choose our friends with care because we become what they are.
(Analyse the Clauses and state the relation)
We need to choose our friends with care - Main Clause
because we become what they are - Subordinate Adverb Clause of Reason
modifying the verb ‘need’ in the Main Clause.
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EDUCARE LTD.
(i)
Both persons have to take efforts.
(Change the Voice) (Sept. ’08)
Efforts have to be taken by both persons.
(ii) Don’t lose your calm if their opinions and tastes differ.
(Analyse the Clauses and state the relation) (Sept. ’08)
Don’t lose your calm – Main Clause
if their opinions and tastes differ from yours – Subordinate Adverb Clause of
Condition modifying the verb ‘don’t lose’ in the Main Clause.
VOCABULARY QUESTIONS (VQ).
Find the Antonyms of : (a) meaningless
(b) imperfect
(a) meaningful
(b) perfect
Find the words from the passage meaning :
(a) weakness
(b) bad tempered
(a) vulnerability
(b) grumpy
Write the Synonyms of : (a) depleted
(b) nourishing
(a) reduced
(b) nurturing
Write a sentence using the noun form of ‘sarcastic’.
A little sarcasm is enough to spoil a friendship.
(2 Marks)
(Sept. ’08)
(Sept. ’08)
(2 Marks)
PERSONAL QUESTIONS (PQ).
Do you agree that we can become like our friends?
I do agree that close friends play an influential role on us. If they are well
behaved and decent, we are fortunate to have them but if they are not well
brought up and are spoilt brats, we can fall prey to their wrong habits over a
period of time. It is difficult to escape peer pressure.
What, according to you, are the pre-requisites for the choice of a good friend?
(Sept. ’08)
A person who can keep our secrets, support us in trying times, is happy when
we achieve something is a true friend. Not being grumpy, bossy or insulting
are also some of the qualities required for the choice of a good friend.
PASSAGE III (Lines 36 - 56)
“How to nourish ...............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................ you in his prayers.”
GLOSSARY
prudent
essential
betray
individuality
12
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wise
necessary
be disloyal to
personality
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English
imperfections
opinions
delight (v)
warms
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[II]
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[III]
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defects, faults
views
enjoy, revel
makes comfortable
SIMPLE FACTUAL QUESTIONS (SFQ).
(1 Mark)
How must we accept our friends?
We must accept our friends with their individuality and imperfections.
What kind of advice do we give to our friends?
We must give positive and supportive advice to them.
What kind of communication should we have?
We must express our feelings, both good and bad, instead of hiding our anger.
COMPLEX FACTUAL QUESTIONS (CFQ).
(1 Mark)
According to Dale Carnegie, how should one nourish friendship?
According to Dale Carnegie, we should try to become interested in other people rather
than trying to make others interested in us if we want to nourish friendship.
What does the writer say about communications in friendship ?
The writer says that we must be frank in our communication with friends and
yet be prudent not to speak what should not be shared.
How should friends be treated ?
We should treat our friends as equals and not to show off or feel superior or
inferior.
INTERPRETATIVE / EVALUATIVE QUESTIONS (IQ/EQ).
(2 Marks)
Why does the author Dale Carnegie say that taking interest in others helps
us to make friends?
The author Dale Carnegie says this as selflessness is the key to making friends.
If we show an interest in the other person he will feel good and comfortable with us.
Why is it necessary to be a good listener?
It is very important to be a good listener as it makes the speaker feel important
and accepted.
GRAMMAR.
(2 Marks)
Tell your friends what you like about them.
(Analyse the clauses and state the relation)
Tell your friends - Main Clause.
What you like about them - Subordinate Noun Clause object of the verb ‘tell’ in
the Main Clause.
Write the noun form of : (a) superior
(b) prudent
(a) superiority
(b) prudence
Be open in communication.
(Add a Question Tag)
Be open in communication, will you?
Don’t lose your calm.
(Rewrite as an Affirmative sentence)
Avoid losing your calm.
Don’t be always advising.
(Rewrite as an Assertive sentence)
You must not always be advising.
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[V]
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[VI]
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VOCABULARY QUESTIONS (VQ).
EDUCARE LTD.
(2 Marks)
Write antonyms for : (a) remember (b) superior
(a) forget (b) inferior
Make sentences : (a) in good and bad times
(b) to lose one’s calm.
(a) A person’s true character is revealed on seeing his behaviour in good and
bad times.
(b) It is essential not to lose one’s calm as it affects our health and mental
balance.
Give example of words from the passage which have prefix or suffix.
misunderstanding, undependable, imperfections. (prefix)
faithfulness. (suffix)
Give one example of collocation from the passage.
Give and receive, good and bad times (any one)
PERSONAL QUESTIONS (PQ).
(2 Marks)
What can we learn from this extract?
This extract conveys to us how to nourish friendship. It also highlights certain
qualities of a good friend like accepting friends as they are, being open in our
communication, being loyal and above all trusting friends.
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
[I]
1.
(a)
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(b)
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(c)
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(d)
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2.
3.
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VOCABULARY.
Guess the meanings of the underlined phrases in the following sentences :
A friend is at the heart of our lives.
A friend is the most significant part of our lives.
Some are afraid to make friends because of the past hurt and afraid of being
taken advantage of.
Some are afraid to make friends because of the past hurt and afraid of being
taken for granted.
Both persons have to take efforts.
Both persons have to take initiative.
Be loyal. That means faithfulness in good and bad times.
Be loyal. That means faithfulness in joys and sorrows.
Find the synonyms from the text :
engrossed
intertwined
show
indicate
needs
requires
develop
nourish
faithful
loyal
The following words which occur in the text can be used both as Verbs and
Nouns. Find out from the text whether they are used as Verbs or Nouns :
(a) work
- verb / noun
(b) need
verb
(c) measure - verb
(d) share
verb
(e) care
- noun
(f)
hurt
noun
(g) fear
- noun
(h) love
noun
(i)
tastes
- noun
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[II]
GRAMMAR.
1.
Identify the verbs and Adjectives from
them in the two columns given below :
(a) praying hands (Adjectives)
(b)
(c) feeling safe (Verb)
(d)
(e) hiding anger (Verb)
(f)
(g) trusting friends (Verb)
(h)
2.
[III]
1.
English
the following expressions and write
selling paintings (Verb)
sacrificing friend (Adjectives)
invading privacy (Verb)
becoming interested (Verb)
Use the following Verbs to frame sentence in the Simple Present Tense.
(i)
cause(s) - A mosquito bite causes malaria.
(ii) live (s)
- The peasant’s family lives in a hut.
(iii) take(s)
- My mother always takes pride in my achievements.
(iv) speak(s) - The Adivasi speaks in his language.
WRITING SKILLS.
Write a letter to your sister / brother telling her/him about your best friend
and how much you trust her/him and how you share your secrets with her him.
1505/ B wing, Aparna,
S.V. Road,
Santacruz (W),
Mumbai - 58.
17th November, 2011.
Dear Nina,
It was so good to hear that you have again topped your division. You are a role
model for me. It is indeed true that peer influence plays an important part. Your friends
are equally studious.
I would like to share with you a few things about my best friend Ritu. Both of us
have a wonderful rapport with each other. Most of our likes are similar. She is very
hardworking and encourages me to study, too. Ritu is very obedient to her teachers
and her parents. This is what makes her unique. These days, most of the children of
our age group are arrogant and disobedient. Ritu and I play together after school. She
is religious, too. I am very proud of her. I will introduce you to her when you come
home for Diwali.
We are missing you. Do take care of yourself.
Your loving sister,
XYZ
2.
Write a short composition on Friendship in about 200 words.
‘FRIENDSHIP’
A beautiful friendship revolves around many important qualities. Its necessary
ingredients are trust, sincerity, reliability, helpfulness and support. It is nearly
impossible to share a good rapport with an individual at the cost of these qualities.
There should be a consistency in these qualities even with the passage of time.
Many a times, we happen to come across a few of these qualities but during tough
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EDUCARE LTD.
times, the person doesn’t pass the test with flying colours. Rihen and Jash’s friendship
lasted for a span of eight years. Then a bit of a silly misunderstanding happened as if
destiny was testing their bond and they separated forever. The saddest part was that
neither of them tried to reconcile and get back together.
“A friend is our mirror,” as is rightly said. So the choice of a friend should be
done with utmost care. Let us not be swept off our feet only by one’s physical appearance.
Remember ‘God gave us our relatives, but thank God, we can choose our friends.’ We
can make or mar our life through the right or the wrong choice of friends.

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SSC
Marks : 20
UNIT 1.2 MAKE FRIENDS
Duration : 1 hr.
ENGLISH
Q.I
COMPLEX FACTUAL QUESTIONS (CFQ).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What did the two friends decide to do in order to fulfill their wish ?
Why couldn’t Knigstein become an artist ?
What is the sketch praying hands about ?
How does Durer describe Knigstein ?
Why are people afraid to make friends ?
Q.II
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
INTERPRETATIVE QUESTIONS (IQ).
2.
3.
Q.IV
1.
2.
1
1
1
1
1
(6)
What does the writer mean by “to have a place in someone’s heart is to
1
be never alone’ ?
What is meant by giving himself or herself without the feeling of becoming
1
depleted ?
What do we have to realize in friendship ?
1
What are the qualities that one would like to see in one’s friends ? 1
Why is it necessary to be a good listener ?
1
Why is Knigstein called a sacrificing friend ?
1
Q.III VOCABULARY QUESTIONS (VQ).
1.
(5)
(5)
Rewrite the following sentence using the underlined nouns as verbs.
2
One would do the work and provide the finance for the other.
Write from the passage words that mean almost the same as :
2
(i) show
(ii) weakness.
Make noun form of : support
1
PERSONAL RESPONSE QUESTIONS (PDQ).
What do you learn from the example of Knigstein ?
Do you agree that we can become like our friends ?
Best of Luck 
(4)
2
2