Name
BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2002
FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 1)
Date
MULTIPLE CHOICE.For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the
response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (10%, 1% each)
1. Which of the following is FALSE about
science?
a. It is a philosophy.
b. It requires an assumption of
correspondence between sense
experience and reality.
c. It requires an assumption of order in
the universe.
d. It requires empirical evidence.
e. None of the above. (All are true)
2. Which of the following is a hollow mass
of cells?
a. blastula
b. gastrula
c. morula
d. neurula
e. None of the above
6. Which of the following organisms is most
closely related to YOU (a human) in an
evolutionary sense?
a. earthworm
b. insect
c. sponge
d. starfish
e. tapeworm
7. Organisms in which of the following
phyla have cells called choanocytes?
a. Arthropoda
b. Cnidaria
c. Platyhelminthes
d. Porifera
e. None of the above
3. Which of the following is NOT a derived
characteristic of chordates?
a. dorsal hollow nerve tube
b. notochord
c. post-anal tail
d. pharyngeal slits
e. None of the above
8. If a population of 10,000 is undergoing
exponential growth with a yearly
intrinsic rate of increase of 0.01, then what
is the size of the population after 2 years?
a. 10,100
b. 10,200
c. 11,000
d. 22,000
e. None of the above
4. Which of the following have radial
symmetry as adults?
a. earthworms
b. flatworms
c. roundworms
d. tapeworms
e. None of the above (all are not radial)
9. Which of the following is a correct
species name?
a. Ascaris
b. lumbricoides
c. Ascaris Lumbricoides
d. Ascaris lumbricoides
e. None of the above
5. Which of the following is the correct
order of vertebrate development?
a. zygoteÆ blastula Æ morula Æ gastrula
b. zygoteÆ blastula Æ gastrula Æ morula
c. zygoteÆ gastrula Æ morula Æ blastula
d. zygoteÆ gastrula Æ blastula Æ morula
e. zygoteÆ morula Æ blastula Æ gastrula
f. zygoteÆ morula Æ gastrula Æ blastula
10. The nervous system is formed from
which type of tissue?
a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm
d. pachyderm
e. None of the above
MATCHING.For the following exercise match the general tissue in the right column with the
specific tissue in the left column. Each letter may be used more than once or not at all. (5%, 1%
each)
1. adipose (fat) tissue
A. connective tissue
2. blood
B. epithelial tissue
3. bone
4. epidermis
C. muscle tissue
D. nerve tissue
5. glial cells
FILL-IN-THE-BLANK.For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the
available space.(12.5%)
1. Fill in the appropriate two-word labels
3. Fill in a derived characteristic for each
for the following epithelia. (2%)
branch on the following phylogeny. (4%)
Porifera
Deuterostomes
Cnidaria
Protostomes
a.
C
D
B
b.
A
2. (0.5% each)
a.
b.
c.
d.
4. Fill in a derived characteristic for each
branch on the following phylogeny. (3%)
Phylum
PlatyhelArthrominthes Molluska Annelida Nematoda poda
A
C
B
Phylum
a.
b.
c.
Name
BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2002
FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 2)
Date
DEFINITIONS.For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases define them as accurately
and concisely as possible. (10%, 2% each)
1. cnidocyte:
2. ethology:
3. imprinting:
4. science:
5. spiral cleavage:
LONG ANSWER. For the following answers, address each question in as concise and lucid a
manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (15%)
1. Briefly explain how the incest taboo is used as an example of innate human behavior
determined by natural selection. What occurs during the human incest taboo critical period?
Identify one exception to the incest taboo and explain what the exception shows about human
behavior in general. (5%)
2. Compare and contrast the thermal physiology of a human, a lizard, and a fish. Use the correct
combination of physiological terms to describe each and indicate how each would increase or
decrease its internal temperature, if it does so. (Feel free but do not feel obliged to use a table
for your answer.) (5%)
3. Your instructor says he'd much rather be parasitized by a tapeworm than by a Schistosoma
parasite or a Guinea worm. Identify the phylum of each parasite and where each parasite
lives in a human. What characteristics of these parasites might have led your instructor to
have such a strange preference? (Feel free but do not feel obliged to use a table for your
answer.) (5%)
BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2002
FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 3)
Date
Name
MULTIPLE CHOICE.For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the
response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (10%, 1% each)
6. Which of the following best describes
1. Which of the following shapes (of equal
area) is the best shape for a forest habitat
pollen?
fragment in which you hope to maintain
a. A baby plant in a box with its lunch
the highest forest species diversity?
b. Airborne plant sperm
c. Mobile microsporangium
b.
d. Small male gametophyte
c.
a.
e. Sporophyte
d.
e.
f.
2. Which of the following BEST explains
why one habitat fragment shape (see #1) is
better for maintaining species diversity?
a. connection to other fragments
b. edge effect
c. genetic drift
d. pollution
e. proximity to continent
3. Which of the following best describes the
ecological relationship of a mouse to a
sunflower seed as it eats it?
a. Commensalist
b. Ectoparasite
c. Grazer
d. Parasitoid
e. Predator
4. In a population at Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium, if the frequency of AA is
0.16, then what is the frequency of aa?
a. 0.03
b. 0.16
c. 0.36
d. 0.70
e. None of the above
5. Is a population with the following
genotype frequencies at Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium? AA=0.81, Aa=0.18, aa=0.01
a. no
b. yes
c. given data are not sufficient to
determine this
7. Which of the following is FALSE about
a flowering plant?
a. It can produce a fruit.
b. It can produce a pollen.
c. Male gametophytes grow to reach
female gametophytes.
d. The embryo in the seed uses
endosperm for nutrition.
e. None of the above (all are true)
8. If a population of 500 frogs in an isolated
pond with a carrying capacity of 1000 is
undergoing logistic growth with a yearly
intrinsic rate of increase of 0.5, then what
is the population size after 1 year?
a. 500
b. 625
c. 750
d. 1000
e. None of the above
9. Which of the following BEST explains
why open ocean photosynthesis is limited?
a. Currents move photosynthesizers.
b. Human fishing activities.
c. Nutrients sink into deep water.
d. The ocean is cool or cold.
e. No places for plants to “root.”
10. Which of the following most directly
resulted in the outbreak of Lyme disease
in Connecticut in the 1980s?
a) cessation of mosquito control
b. fecal-oral contamination
c. inappropriate use of antibiotics
d. poor hygeine
e. re-forestation
MATCHING.Match the organism in the left column with the corresponding disease in the right
column. Each letter may be used more than once or not at all.(5%, 0.5% each)
1. Bacillus anthracis
2. Borrelia burgdorferi
3. Escherichis coli
4. filarial nematodes
5. Plasmodium vivax
6. Streptococcus pyogenes
7. Treponema pallida
8. Trypanosoma gambiense
9. Vibrio cholerate
10. Yersinia pestis
A. African sleeping sickness
B. anthrax
C. cholera
D. elephantiasis
E. Lyme disease
F. malaria
G. plague
H. tuberculosis
I. strep throat
J. syphilis
K. urinary tract infection
FILL-IN-THE-BLANK.For the following exercises write the appropriate word or words in the
available space.(10%)
1. In the space below sketch or explain the
life cycle of a true moss. Be certain to
include all important stages, their ploidies
and the cellular process that forms each
stage. Which stage is dominant? (5%)
2. Identify three things that are “wrong” or
misleading about this illustration. (3%)
a.
b.
c.
4. Fill in the lines on the biogeographic
graphs below. (2%)
local
extinction
rate
#
species
island size
island size
Name
BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2002
FINAL EXAMINATION (PART 4)
Date
DEFINITIONS.For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases define them as accurately
and concisely as possible. (10%, 2% each)
1. control group:
2. genetic drift:
3. hypha (plural = hyphae):
4. secondary growth (Hint: in plants):
5. seed:
LONG ANSWERS. For the following answers, address each question in as concise and lucid a
manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided.
1. The smallpox virus has been eradicated in the "wild." The documented remaining smallpox
virus is in the CDC in Atlanta and a Russian facility. Smallpox was eradicated by the
widespread use of vaccines. (A) Why weren't antibiotics used in the eradication of smallpox?
(B) What do vaccines do? (C) Explain what widespread vaccination did to the smallpox virus
in terms of population growth models. Put another way… What factor in a population
equation was changed (and in which direction) by using vaccines? (D) Currently most of the
human population is unvaccinated against smallpox. There is no effective treatment for
someone infected with smallpox. If small pox were re-introduced into the human population,
what type of virus population growth would you expect to see? Why? (5%)
2. Examine the graphs of human population growth. (A) Explain in basic population growth
terminology why the population size remained constant in the New Stone Age. (B) What
type of population growth started about 200 years ago? Why? (C) What happened 600+ years
ago that reduced the human population? Why didn’t the human population significantly
decrease 60 years ago as a result of World War II? (5%)
C
B
A
3. These questions are based upon lecture and the video segments shown in class.
A.) Briefly explain how drug resistance arises and becomes predominant in bacteria and
viruses. (3%)
B.) HIV infected people with drug resistant strains of the HIV virus were taken off of anti-HIV
drugs for a period of time. Later, the patients were given the same anti-HIV drugs which then
reduced the now susceptible HIV population. Why did the virus population change,
becoming susceptible to anti-HIV drugs? Provide an evolutionary explanation. (2%)