Energy and
Energy Access
NORTHEAST INDIA
Factsheet
|1|
NORTHEAST INDIA | 2 | FACTSHEET Electricity
The Northeast region of the country has a total installed capacity of 3,550.02 mega-watts (MW) for
electricity generation. Fossil fuels—gas, coal and diesel—capacity combined contributes to 57.6 per cent of
the installed capacity. According to the Central Electricity Authority, there is currently a gap of 4.7 per cent
between the requirement and availability of electricity in the region. In terms of per capita consumption, the
average for the Northeast region is around 300 units per person per year, whereas the national average is
around 914 units per person per year. This depicts the disparity in the development of the region and the
below par extent of access.
Electricity mix in Northeast region as on 31 May 2016
Renewable Energy
263.72 MW
7.43%
Hydro
1,242.00 MW
34.99%
Coal
310.00 MW
8.73%
Gas
1,698.30 MW 47.84%
Diesel
36.00 MW
1%
Source: Central Electricity Authority – Executive Summary May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 3 | FACTSHEET
Electricity
Per capita consumption of electricity in 2012–13
1,000.00
914.41
900.00
800.00
718.57
690.20
700.00
Kilo-watt hours
600.00
469.38
500.00
400.00
352.86
300.00
268.49
240.28
296.05
200.00
100.00
-
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
Meghalaya Mizoram
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 4 | FACTSHEET Nagaland
Tripura
India
Electricity Access
According to the Census 2011, there are roughly 4.85 million households—53 per cent of the total
number—that do have access to electricity in the region. The rate of electrification is the worst in Assam,
with only 37 per cent of households using electricity for lighting purposes; and best in Mizoram, where 84
per cent of households are using electricity.
Rate of electrification in the Northeast
90.00%
84.20
80.00%
65.68
70.00%
68.35
68.44
60.92
60.00%
50.00%
81.61
37.05
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
Assam
Arunachal
Pradesh
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Tripura
Source: Census 2011
Number of villages
Status of village electrification under Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana
(DDUGJY)
3,500
Electrified Villages
3,000
Unelectrified Villages
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
-
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Tripura
Source: GARV Dashboard
NORTHEAST INDIA | 5 | FACTSHEET
Renewable Energy
WIND POWER
Wind power has not been developed in the Northeast of the country at all, even though the region has
300 to 500 MW of potential at even the low hub heights of 50 and 80 metres respectively.
Indicative installable potential of wind power at various hub heights
250
Mega-watts
200
236
At 50 meter height
At 80 meter height
201
150
112
100
82
56
53
50
44
7
-
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
3
Meghalaya
Note:
Both Mizoram and Tripura do not have any reported potential for wind.
Wind potential has yet to be validated with measurements.
Source: MNRE Annual Report, 2015-16
NORTHEAST INDIA | 6 | FACTSHEET 16
Nagaland
SMALL HYDROPOWER (SHP)
SHP is the most exploited renewable source of power in the Northeast. In total, SHP accounts for 257.35
MW of installed capacity, or 98 per cent of the renewable energy, installed in the region. According to
MNRE, the region has a potential to install 2.3 giga-watts (GW) of SHP plants in around 1,200 sites with
the maximum potential in Arunachal Pradesh.
Potential and achievement of small hydropower in the region
400.00
Potential
Projects Installed
150.00
196.98
168.90
109.13
200.00
104.61
0
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
16.01
46.86
36.47
29.67
5.45
50.00
31.03
100.00
34.11
Mega-watts
250.00
230.05
238.69
300.00
1,341.38
350.00
Tripura
Source: MNRE Annual Report, 2015-16
NORTHEAST INDIA | 7 | FACTSHEET
Renewable Energy
SOLAR POWER
Solar power is the most underutilized source of renewable energy in the Northeast. The region has a
combined potential for installation of almost 60 GW of solar power. It currently has installed only 5.27
MW of capacity, primarily in Tripura under the Renewable Energy Certificate Scheme.
Potential of solar power in the region (in Giga-watts)
Arunachal Pradesh
9
Assam
14
Nagaland
7
Meghalaya
6
Manipur
7
Tripura
2
Mizoram
Source: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
NORTHEAST INDIA | 8 | FACTSHEET 9
Achievement of solar power in the region
6.00
5.00
Mega-watts
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.27
Arunachal Pradesh
Tripura
Source: MNRE Annual Report, 2015-16
Target for solar power in the region out of the 100 GW all-India target
900
Solar RPO
801
800
Rooftop PV
Mega-watts
700
600
500
400
300
250
200
100
-
118
42 50
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
182
50
Manipur
50
Meghalaya
76 50
60 50
Mizoram
Nagaland
123
50
Tripura
Source: Compiled from various sources
NORTHEAST INDIA | 9 | FACTSHEET
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is one of the few states in India whose electricity sector is dominated by renewable
energy—large and small hydro. Fossil fuels only contribute 22 per cent to the total installed capacity.
Although the state claims that there is only a 2.8 per cent deficit in availability of power, there are
around 85,000 households that either have no electricity or depend on kerosene for lighting needs,
97 per cent of whom are in rural Arunachal Pradesh.
Electricity mix in Arunachal Pradesh as on 31 May 2016
Coal
12.35 MW
5%
Gas
43.06 MW
17%
Renewable
Energy
104.88 MW
40%
Hydro
97.57 MW
38%
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 10 | FACTSHEET Sources of lighting
2,00,000
Total
Rural
1,80,000
Urban
1,60,000
1,40,000
Number of households
1,20,000
1,00,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
Electricity
Kerosene
Solar Energy
Any Other
No Lighting
Source
Source: Census 2011
NORTHEAST INDIA | 11 | FACTSHEET
Assam
The electricity sector in Assam is dominated by fossil fuels—gas and coal together contribute almost
two-third of the installed capacity for electricity in the state. Renewable energy, like most states in the
region, refers only to SHP plants. Not only has Assam one of the highest deficits in availability of power
in the country, it is also one of the poorest in terms of electrification. According to Census 2011, only 37
per cent of the state is electrified.
Electricity mix in Assam as on 31 May 2016
Renewable Energy
34.11 MW
3%
Coal
187.00 MW
14%
Hydro
429.72 MW
31%
Gas
718.62 MW
52%
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 12 | FACTSHEET Sources of lighting
Total
45,00,000
Rural
Urban
40,00,000
35,00,000
Number of households
30,00,000
25,00,000
20,00,000
15,00,000
10,00,000
5,00,000
-
Electricity
Kerosene
Solar Energy
Any Other
No Lighting
Source
Source: Census 2011
NORTHEAST INDIA | 13 | FACTSHEET
Manipur
Being one of the smallest states in the country, the installed capacity for power generation is also
small—around 206 MW in total. Surprisingly, it is the only state in the region that consumes 36 MW
worth of power produced from diesel. In India, most of the consumption of diesel for power generation
is in the south and the islands. Renewable energy refers only to SHP plants even though Manipur is also
the only state in the region that has a solar policy. The state has performed relatively well in terms of
electrification, almost 70 per cent of households have access to electricity.
Electricity mix in Manipur as on 31 May 2016
Renewable Energy
5.45 MW
3%
Coal
15.70 MW
8%
Hydro
80.98 MW
39%
Gas
67.98 MW
33%
Diesel
36.00 MW
17%
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 14 | FACTSHEET Sources of lighting
4,00,000
Total
Rural
Urban
3,50,000
3,00,000
Number of households
2,50,000
2,00,000
1,50,000
1,00,000
50,000
0
Electricity
Kerosene
Solar Energy
Any Other
No Lighting
Source: Census 2011
NORTHEAST INDIA | 15 | FACTSHEET
Meghalaya
Meghalaya is the only state in the region that draws 70 per cent of its electricity from large hydro
(of installed capacity more than 25 MW). It is also the only state that has no deficit or surplus in
terms of availability and requirement of electricity, even though the state is only 60 per cent electrified.
Renewable energy, like most states in the region, refers only to SHP plants.
Electricity mix in Meghalaya as on 31 May 2016
Renewable Energy
31.03 MW
6%
Coal
17.70 MW
3%
Gas
105.14 MW
21%
Hydro
356.58 MW
70%
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 16 | FACTSHEET Sources of lighting
3,50,000
Total
Rural
Urban
3,00,000
Number of households
2,50,000
2,00,000
1,50,000
1,00,000
50,000
0
Electricity
Kerosene
Solar Energy
Any Other
No Lighting
Source: Census 2011
NORTHEAST INDIA | 17 | FACTSHEET
Mizoram
Mizoram is the state that has done the best in terms of electrification in the region, it provides electricity
to almost 85 per cent of its households, with a total installed capacity of only 120 MW. Renewable
energy, like most states in the region, refers only to SHP plants.
Electricity mix in Mizoram as on 31 May 2016
Coal
10.35 MW
9%
Renewable Energy
36.57 MW
30%
Gas
38.29 MW
32%
Hydro
34.31 MW
29%
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 18 | FACTSHEET Sources of lighting
2,00,000
Total
Rural
1,80,000
Urban
1,60,000
Number of households
1,40,000
1,20,000
1,00,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
Electricity
Kerosene
Solar Energy
Any Other
No Lighting
Source: Census 2011
NORTHEAST INDIA | 19 | FACTSHEET
Nagaland
One of the smallest states in the country, Nagaland has a total installed capacity of 141 MW. Renewable
energy, like most states in the region, refers only to SHP plants. The state has an untapped potential to
harness seven GW of solar power. The state provides electricity to almost 80 per cent of its households;
only 73,560 households do not have access to electricity in the state.
Electricity mix in Nagaland as on 31 May 2016
Coal
10.70 MW
7%
Renewable Energy
30.67 MW
22%
Gas
46.35 MW
33%
Hydro
53.32 MW
38%
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 20 | FACTSHEET Sources of lighting
3,50,000
Total
Rural
Urban
3,00,000
Number of households
2,50,000
2,00,000
1,50,000
1,00,000
50,000
0
Electricity
Kerosene
Solar Energy
Any Other
No Lighting
Source: Census 2011
NORTHEAST INDIA | 21 | FACTSHEET
Tripura
Tripura is heavily dependent on natural gas for its electricity generation—almost 85 per cent of its
installed capacity uses natural gas. It is also the only state in the region that has installed five MW of
solar power under the REC scheme. In terms of electrification, it fares in the middle range, with almost
70 per cent of households having access to electricity.
Electricity mix in Tripura as on 31 May 2016
Renewable Energy
21.01 MW
3%
Coal
18.70 MW
3%
Hydro
62.37 MW
9%
Gas
574.42 MW
85%
Source: Central Electricity Authority—Executive Summary, May 2016
NORTHEAST INDIA | 22 | FACTSHEET Sources of lighting
7,00,000
Total
Rural
Urban
6,00,000
Number of households
5,00,000
4,00,000
3,00,000
2,00,000
1,00,000
0
Electricity
Kerosene
Solar Energy
Any Other
Source
No Lighting
Source: Census 2011
NORTHEAST INDIA | 23 | FACTSHEET
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