Topic 4.2 quiz
3.
Zoophobas morio is an insect. Its larvae feed on bat feces in caves in Guatemala. What type of organism
is a Zoophobas morio larva?
A.
Autotroph
B.
Consumer
C.
Detritivore
D.
Saprotroph
2.
Which of the following terms describe(s) species X?
I.
Heterotroph
II.
Primary consumer
III. Secondary consumer
A.
B.
C.
D.
3.
I and II only
I and III only
II only
I, II, and III
The food web below shows a community in central France 24 000 years ago.
Salix
herbacea
Lemmus
lemmus
Alopex
lagopus
Betula
nana
Vaccinium
oxycoccos
Ursus
spelaeus
Lepus
arcticus
Canis
lupus
Rangifer
tarandus
Cladonia
rangiferina
Megaloceros
giganteus
Homo
sapiens
Graminaceae
Mammuthus
primigenius
Which statement is a correct description of Ursus spelaeus?
A.
It is an omnivore which feeds on Lemmus lemmus.
B.
It is a producer preyed upon by Vaccinium oxycoccos.
C.
It is a top carnivore and a primary consumer.
D.
It is a decomposer and it competes with Rangifer tarandus.
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1
4.
The diagram below shows a simplified food web.
What is the role of the snake in this food web?
A.
Primary consumer
B.
Secondary consumer
C.
Tertiary consumer
D.
Producer
5.
The diagram below is a simplified version of a food web from Chesapeake Bay. The arrows indicate the
direction of energy flow and the numbers indicate species within the food web.
At which trophic level or levels does species II function?
A.
2nd and 3rd consumer
B.
3rd consumer
C.
3rd and 4th consumer
D.
Producer
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2
6.
The following diagram shows part of a food web from Yellowstone Park.
What would be the short-term effects on the populations of the other species if the gray wolf were
exterminated?
7.
8.
Beaver
Moose
Elk
Aspen
A.
Increase
Decrease
Increase
Increase
B.
Decrease
Decrease
Decrease
Decrease
C.
Increase
Increase
Decrease
Increase
D.
Decrease
Increase
Increase
Decrease
What is the initial energy source for all terrestrial communities?
A.
Water
B.
Photosynthesis
C.
Light
D.
Glucose
If 2 000 000 kJ m–2 yr–1 is available from producers in an ecosystem, how much energy (in kJ m–2 yr–1) is
usually available to the tertiary consumers?
A.
200 000
B.
20 000
C.
2000
D.
200
9.
Which is the best prediction about biomass?
A.
The biomass of X is more than the biomass of W.
B.
The biomass of X is less than the biomass of Y.
C.
The biomass of V + X + Z is equal to the biomass of W.
D.
The biomass of Y is less than the biomass of Z.
10.
What are the units of a pyramid of energy?
A.
kJ m–2 yr–1
B.
kJ m–1 yr–1
C.
J m–3 s–1
D.
J m2 s–1
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11. The food web below shows some of the feeding relationships found between the organisms living in or
near a river in England.
12. Identify an organism in the food web that is
(a)
an autotroph.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
both a secondary and tertiary consumer.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(c)
Discuss reasons why the levels of a pyramid of energy differ in size.
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(2)
13.
Label the levels of the trophic pyramid of energy shown below.
(3)
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4
14.
Define the term biomass.
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
(1)
15.
Discuss, giving named examples, the difficulties of placing organisms in higher trophic levels.
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(Total 4 marks)
16. Most of the heterotrophs are animals. Suggest one reason for the difference in heat losses between the
autotrophs and animal heterotrophs.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
17. The heterotrophic community can be divided into food webs based upon decomposers and food webs based
upon herbivores. It has been shown that of the energy consumed by the heterotrophs, 99% is consumed
by the decomposer food webs.
(a)
State the importance of decomposers in an ecosystem.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(b)
(1)
Deduce the long-term effects of sustained pollution which kills decomposers on autotrophic productivity.
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(2)
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