D30-­‐PPT2 Southeast Asia (1 – 4)
Basic Facts •  Many natural hazards-­‐-­‐monsoons, typhoons, volcanoes, and earthquakes •  Varied climate regions-­‐-­‐ranging from tropical wet to humid conDnental •  Monsoon-­‐-­‐a seasonal shiE in the prevailing winds that influences large climate regions •  Typhoon-­‐-­‐a destrucDve tropical storm occurring in the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, similar to a hurricane •  Water has a major Influence -­‐-­‐(rivers, seas, and ocean currents) on agriculture, trade, and transporta;on •  Agricultural advancements and technology are enabling greater food producDon-­‐-­‐ “Green Revolu;on” •  main crops are rice and tropical crops such as bananas •  Many countries are members of the AssociaDon of Southeast Asian Na;ons (ASEAN) •  Land is fragmented into numerous
peninsulas & islands
(5 to 9)
Relative Location of Southeast Asia •  Centrally located
between South
Asia, and the
Pacific Ocean
•  North of Oceania
Asia and south of
China & Japan
(10)
11.
Because of its locaDon Southeast Asia is known Crossroad of Trade… 1.0 Crude oil production (millions
of barrels per day)
Estimated crude oil reserves
1.0 (billions of barrels)
Oil transited (millions of
1.0 barrels per day)
2002-2003 figures
Hormuz
Tsugaru
Japan
3.3
24.0
China
0.6
4.8
India
3
India
n Oc
ean
Malacca
1 Makassar
2
11.0
Indonesia
1) Brunei
2) Malaysia
3) Vietnam
0.2 1.4
0.7 3.0
0.3 0.6
Sunda
1.3
5.0
0.6
Lombok Australia
3.5
(11)
Southeast Asia is also the…
Crossroad of ethnic cultures (12)
Vietnam War The Vietnam War, also known as the
Second Indochina War, and Vietnam
Conflict Indochina War, the Vietnam
Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and
Cambodia from 1959 – April 30, 1975.
The war was fought between the
communist North Vietnam, supported by its
communist allies, and the government of
South Vietnam, supported by the United
States and other member nations of the
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization .
(13)
The United States entered the war to
prevent a communist takeover of South
Vietnam as part of their wider strategy of
containment.
Containment: U.S. government policy
uniting military, economic, and diplomatic
strategies to contain any further spread of
Communism in the world after World War II.
A component of the Cold War, the policy
was a response to a series of moves by the
Soviet Union and China to expand
Communist influence in eastern Europe
and elsewhere.
(14)
(15)
The war had a major impact on U.S.
politics, culture and foreign relations.
Americans were deeply divided over
the U.S. government’s justification for
and means of fighting, the war.
Opposition to the war contributed to a
counterculture youth movement of the
1960s and the war contributed towards
youth cynicism towards actions of the
government.
The war exacted a huge human cost in
terms of fatalities, including 3 to 4
million Vietnamese from both sides, 1.5
to 2 million Laotians and Cambodians,
and 58,159 U.S. soldiers.
Countries of Southeast Asia Asean (16)
Brunei The country Brunei benefits from its extensive petroleum and
natural gas fields, and this tax-free haven's citizens enjoy one
of the highest (per capita) GDPs in the world.
The same family has ruled the country of Brunei for over six
centuries.
(17)
Cambodia Cambodia was at the forefront of worldwide news in 1975 as
Communist Khmer Rouge forces captured the capital city of
Phnom Penh, and ordered the evacuation of all cities and towns.
Millions of Cambodians were subsequently executed, and many
more died from horrible living conditions.
Angkor Wat (18)
Indonesia Indonesia, with over 18,000 counted islands, is by far the largest and most
varied archipelago on Earth. It spans almost 2 million square kilometres
between Asia and Australia. Positioned on the Equator, across a region of
immense volcanic activity Indonesia has some 400 volcanoes within its
borders, with at least 90 still active in some way. An archipelago is a _____of
Islands that are closely grouped together.
Tsunami of 2004 Bangladesh
Myanmar
India
Thailand
Sri Lanka
Malaysia
OFF W. COAST OF SUMATRA
I nd ia n Oc e a
n
Maldives
"
Epicenter
Plate boundary
Coastline affected
"
Indonesia
(19)
Physical Geography Plate Tectonics
Subduction of the
Eurasian, Indian and
Philippine Plates have
created the Philippine &
Indonesian archipelago
(20)
Laos *Rich in Buddhist traditions and beliefs.
*Landlocked county
*Laos has great natural resources, including tremendous
potential in the mining and timber industries.
(21)
Malaysia The British recognized the strategic postion of the
Malay states and their abundance of Natural resources,
subsequently colonizing and controlling the regions for
over 150 years
(22)
Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar Burma, the "Golden Land," is a mostly Buddhist
country. It was conquered by the British in the 19th
century and subsequently incorporated into its Indian
Empire.
Burmese Monks (23)
Philippines Positioned on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean, along the Ring of Fire, The
Ring of Fire, the Philippines is the second-largest archipelago on the planet,
with over 7,100 individual islands within its borders.
For hundreds of years the Philippines were a Spanish colony, but then were
ceded to the US in 1898, following the Spanish-American War.
(24)
Singapore Singapore is located on an important trade route between Europe and Asia.
Singapore was founded as a British trading colony, and was once the site of one of
Britain's most important naval bases.
This modern economic powerhouse's seaport is one of the busiest in the world, and
Singapore has become a major worldwide banking, ship building and petroleum center.
• High densities and limited
importance of agriculture
• .One of the few city-states left in
the world.
• Financial and trade center
• Former British colony.
• Small population of 4.7
million:
• Chinese ethnic importance.
75% Chinese, 14% Malays and
8% Indians
The Strait of Malacca Thailand
South China Sea
Strait of Malacca
Malaysia
Malaysia
Singapore
Indonesia
Indian Ocean
0
100
200
400
600
800
Miles
Indonesia
Thailand Vietnam East Timor *Cultural Fragmentation (linguistic & religious
geographies
•  Powerful Foreign Influences
•  Political instability & conflict
•  Population strongly clustered even in rural areas
•  Poor Intraregional communications
•  Agricultural mainstay of the economies
•  No dominant state although China & India have
exerted powerful influence
•  Emergence of Newly Industrialized Countries of
Singapore