SABRe Definitions
SABRe
Supplier Management System Requirements
Last updated:
14 April 2014
 Rolls-Royce
plc 2014
 Rolls-Royce
plc 2014
Definitions
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SABRe Definitions
1. Purpose

The purpose of SABRe Definitions is to formally communicate the definition of key words / subjects used in
SABRe and associated documents.
2. Scope

SABRe Definitions are applicable to all Rolls-Royce suppliers and/or partners.

SABRe Definitions is available to view and download from the Rolls-Royce Global Supplier Portal (GSP)
https://suppliers.rolls-royce.com
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Aerospace contracts
Applicable for all products or services intended for flight use.
Accreditation body
A body that conducts and administers an accreditation system and grants
accreditation to certification bodies. For a list of accreditation bodies refer to
the International Accreditation Forum at http://www.iaf.nu
AC7004
AC7004 (Nadcap audit criteria for inspection and test quality system) is
designed to assure that suppliers maintain an effective quality system that
has been derived from AS/EN/JISQ 9100 and ensures product and process
integrity. The intent of the AC7004 audits is to validate that the audited
quality system assures compliant inspection, product and process
conformity, and that the airworthiness of products is maintained.
AIAG
Automotive Industry Action Group (also known as AIAG) is a not-for profit
association originally created to develop recommendations and a
framework for the improvement of quality in the automotive industry. The
AIAG promotes its objectives primarily by publishing standards which
include APQP and PPAP standards.
Approved
The word ‘approved’ refers to the formal approval of a specific task /
application by Rolls-Royce. In all cases where approval has been given by
Rolls-Royce, the supplier remains fully responsible for the quality of the
product delivered / affected by the implementation of such actions.
APQP
APQP or Advanced Product Quality Planning is a structured method of
defining and establishing the steps necessary to ensure that a product
satisfies the customer (see AIAG).
Authorised
The word ‘authorised’ refers to the formal authorisation of a specific task by
Rolls-Royce. In all cases where authorisation has been given by RollsRoyce, the supplier remains fully responsible for the quality of the product
delivered / affected by the implementation of such actions.
Authorised release certificate
A release document issued for aerospace parts by suppliers who hold
National Airworthiness Approval (NAA) and / or holders of Product
Manufacturing Approval (PMA).
AS/EN/JISQ
AS – Aerospace Standard
EN – European Norm
JISQ - Japanese Institute for Standard Quality
AS/EN/JISQ 9100
AS/EN/JISQ 9100 is a quality management system for the aerospace
industry which incorporates the requirements of ISO 9001 plus additional
aerospace industry requirements.
AS/EN/JISQ 9102
Aerospace First Article Inspection Requirements.
AS/EN/JISQ 9103
Variation Management of Key Characteristics.
AS/EN/JISQ 9110
Quality Management Systems - Aerospace Requirements for Maintenance
Organisations
AS/EN/JISQ 9120
Quality Management Systems - Aerospace Requirements for Stockist
Distributors.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Attribute
A characteristic or property, which is appraised in terms of whether it does
or does not conform (e.g. “Go or No-Go”), with respect to a given
requirement.
Batch
A batch consists of a collection of products that share the same product
characteristics / configuration and are produced by the same production
process at the same source at the same time or in an unbroken sequence.
Bill of material
A bill of material (BOM) is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies,
intermediate assemblies, sub-components, components, parts and the
quantities of each needed to manufacture a product.
Billet
Billets, or ingots (as they sometimes referred to), are a mass of metal such
as a bar or block, that is cast in a standard shape for convenient storage or
shipment (original, un-worked, as cast material).
Buyer
Buyer refers to the relevant Rolls-Royce purchasing contact.
Capability
The ability of an organisation, system or process to realize a product that
will fulfil the requirements for that product
Capacity planning
Capacity is the maximum amount of work that an organisation is capable of
completing in a given period of time and therefore capacity planning is the
process of determining the production capacity needed by an organisation
to meet changing demands of the product / customer.
Cascade diagram
An illustration of product and sub assembly products subject to First Article
Inspection within a top level product assembly
Certification body
A body that conducts certification conformity (i.e., a certification body that
conforms to ISO/IEC 17021 and is accredited to provide audit and
certification of quality management systems).
Characteristic
A distinguishing feature of a product, process or system related to a
requirement.
Characteristic matrix
A characteristic matrix is an analytical technique for displaying the
relationship between process parameters and manufacturing process
activities during Advanced Product Quality Planning activities (see APQP).
The recommended method of developing the characteristics matrix is to
number the product characteristics shown on the product definition at each
manufacturing process operation. All manufacturing process operations
shown across the top of the matrix and the product characteristics listed on
the left column. The more manufacturing relationships that there are the
more important the control of a characteristic becomes.
Competence
Competence is the demonstrated ability to apply knowledge
[1]
[2]
and skill .
1. Knowledge is a level of understanding that is gathered from the
interpretation of information, training and experience.
2. Skill is the ability of applying knowledge by demonstrating a level of
aptitude related to doing something well.
Concession
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
The authorisation to use, release or supply a limited quantity of a
completed or partially completed product, which does not comply with the
specified technical requirements.
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Configuration management
Configuration management is a management activity that applies technical
and administrative direction over the life cycle of a product, its configuration
items, and related product configuration information – see ISO 10007.
Conformance Control Feature
(CCF)
Conformance Control Features (CCFs) are product characteristics
designated by Rolls-Royce where variation in production processes could
contribute to variation in product attributes. CCFs require additional
production controls to manage variation within a consistently achievable
tolerance to minimise variation in product level attributes.
Conformity
Fulfilment of a requirement.
Control plan
A control plan is a written description of the system for controlling products
and processes. They are used to aid the production of quality products
according to customer requirements. They describe the actions that are
required at each phase of the process including receiving, in-process, outgoing and periodic requirements to assure that all process outputs will be in
a state of control (see AIAG).
Conventional machining
Conventional machining is the utilisation of machine tools, such as saws,
lathes, milling machines, drills and presses, which are used with a cutting
tool or device to physically remove material to achieve a desired geometry.
Corrective action
Action taken to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity or other
undesirable situation.
Critical item
Critical items are parts, characteristics, functions, software and processes
that have a significant effect on the product realisation and/or use of the
product; including safety, performance, form, fit, function, producibility,
reliability, etc.; that require specific actions to ensure they are adequately
managed.
Critical items include Conformance Control Features (CCFs), Key
Characteristics (designated by Rolls-Royce) and Source Demonstrated
Repair.
Critical items related to Rolls-Royce Gas Turbine Engines are identified
through part classification as follows:

‘Critical Parts’ are those whose primary failure is shown by the
Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) as likely
to have hazardous effects and that require special controls to
achieve an acceptably low probability of occurrence (Refer also to
RRES90002).

‘Reliability Sensitive’ denotes a product whose failure mode is not
hazardous but has significant effects on performance or reliability
of the engine.
Cross-function team
A cross function team (also known as an integrated product / program
team) typically includes the organisation's design, manufacturing /
production, engineering, quality, service and other appropriate personnel.
Cure date
The date on which the curing process occurred during production of a
polymeric component in accordance with the relevant / governing technical
specification.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Customer
The organisation or person that receives a product. A customer can be
internal or external to the organisation.
Customer (internal / external)
Organisations should understand and identify both internal and external
customers and their needs. An internal customer is the recipient of a
product or service as an output of a process that is internal to the
organisation (i.e., the next process in a line of processes – including subtier / sub-contract). The external customer is the recipient of a product or
service that is provided to a customer that is external to the supplier’s
organisation (e.g., Rolls-Royce).
Cycle time
The period required to complete one cycle of an operation or to complete a
function, job, or task from start to finish. Cycle time is used to differentiate
the total duration of a process from its run time.
Design Subcontractor
An organisation performing design tasks and/or services for Rolls-Royce,
irrespective of any design-related approval the company may hold. In the
case of Aerospace suppliers a Design Subcontractor needs to be
integrated into the design assurance system of the Part 21 approved RollsRoyce design organisation, (e.g., through a Design & Development Quality
Plan).
Development
The process of transforming requirements into specified characteristics or
into the specification of a product, process or system.
Deviation permit
Permission to deviate from the original specified requirements prior to
product manufacture. This permission operates for a limited quantity of
product, and on no account may it be allowed to extend to another contract
without a further application.
Direct line feed
A method of supply whereby an external service provider delivers parts
direct to a bin or carousel within the Rolls-Royce production areas,
monitoring the usage rate and maintaining required stocking levels.
Distributor
A retailer or stockist of goods (e.g., raw material, products). Activities
include the purchase, storage and sale of goods in a manner that conforms
to requirements.
Document
Information and its supporting medium. The medium can be paper,
magnetic, electronic or optical computer disc, photograph or master
sample, or a combination thereof.
Documented procedure
A procedure that is documented and specifies the way to carry out an
activity or a process.
Dunnage
Dunnage is the materials used to provide adequate support, bracing and
protection of product during shipment (i.e., padding in a shipping container
to prevent unnecessary and unwanted movement of load in transit).
eConcession
Electronic concession – electronic creation and approval of deviation permit
/ concession.
eFAIR
Electronic First / Last Article Inspection Report – electronic creation and
approval of a FAIR / LAIR. Current eFAIR system provider is Net-Inspect.
Error-proofing
The implementation of fail-safe mechanisms to prevent a process from
producing defects.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Exostar
An on-line system, which enables suppliers to view Rolls-Royce schedules
and respond with delivery promises.
First Article Inspection (FAI)
First Article Inspection (FAI) is used to independently verify that the
production processes, production documentation and tooling are capable of
producing products that meet requirements by providing objective evidence
that all engineering, design and specification requirements are correctly
understood, accounted for, verified and recorded.
FAIR
FAIR (First Article Inspection Report) includes the forms and associated
documentation for a product or assembly, including FAI results.
FAIR/LAIR (complete)
All product characteristics defined by the final product definition have been
accounted for and a single product has been manufactured with no nonconformance (concession free).
FAIR/LAIR (incomplete)
All product characteristics defined by the final product definition have been
accounted for and declared non-conformance has been authorised by a
deviation permit or concession.
FAIR/LAIR (reject)
The FAI has not been completed in accordance with the requirements.
Fixed process
A documented method of manufacture, subject to audit, for which
equipment, operation sequence, methods, parameters, and control
techniques are established and fixed by the approval of Rolls-Royce
Engineering.
Fixed process control
Fixed process control is used to ensure effective Rolls-Royce control of the
source and/or method of production for features or processes that could
have a significant impact on product safety or reliability.
Foreign Object Debris (FOD)
A foreign object may be regarded as a substance, debris or article that is
alien to a product. Examples of foreign objects include (but are not limited
to) alumina grit, glass beads, swarf, burrs, fibres, resins, powders etc.
For guidance refer to:
NAS412 (Foreign Object Damage / Foreign Object Debris (FOD)
Prevention.
Formed Characteristics
See reduced inspection.
Functional testing
The determination of a function characteristic according to a test procedure.
Gauge R&R
A Gauge R&R (Repeatability and Reproducibility) study is used to quantify
measurement error as a percentage of the process tolerance or process
spread.
Global Supplier Portal (GSP)
The Global Supplier Portal (GSP) https://suppliers.rolls-royce.com is a
secure web-based work area that is used to provide information and
interaction between suppliers and Rolls-Royce.
Group (or family) of products
A product group (or family) refers to products that share the same or similar
characteristics related to fit, form, function and configuration that are
produced by the same production process at the same source.
Independent
Autonomous, non-dependent and free from influence, control, relationship,
action, judgment or guidance.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Industry standard part
See ‘standard catalogue hardware’.
Ingot
Ingots or billets (as they sometimes referred to) are a mass of metal, such
as a bar or block, that is cast in a standard shape for convenient storage or
shipment (original, un-worked, as cast material).
Inspect
Conformity evaluation of product features by observation, judgment,
testing, gauging and measurement.
ISO
International Standards Organisation
ISO9001
ISO9001 is a set of internationally agreed standards that provide guidelines
for a Quality Management System.
The scope of this International Standard specifies requirements for a quality
management system where an organisation needs to demonstrate its ability
to consistently provide product that meets customer and applicable
statutory and regulatory requirements, and aims to enhance customer
satisfaction through the effective application of the system, including
processes for continual improvement of the system and the assurance of
conformity to customer and applicable statutory and regulatory
requirements.
ISO10007
ISO10007 - Quality management systems - Guidelines for configuration
management.
ISO10012
ISO10012 - Measurement management systems - Requirements for
measurement processes and measuring equipment.
ISO/IEC17025
ISO/IEC 17025:2005 - General requirements for the competence of testing
and calibration laboratories.
The scope of this International Standard specifies the general requirements
for the competence to carry out tests and/or calibrations. It covers testing
and calibration performed using standard methods, non-standard methods,
and laboratory-developed methods.
Key Characteristic(s)
Key Characteristics (KCs) are product characteristics or process input /
output variables that are designated by Rolls-Royce or the supplier, whose
variation has the greatest impact upon customer requirements /
expectations.
Key process
A business process which is regarded by an organisation’s top
management as being critical to customer satisfaction, competitive
advantage, or the success of the organisations strategy.
Key subcontractor / sub-tier
supplier
A supplier that is regarded as being critical to the continuity of supply and
the success of the organisation’s strategy.
Last Article Inspection (LAI)
The Last Article Inspection (LAI) in conjunction with the First Article
Inspection (FAI) is used to demonstrate product equivalence at the end of
production and provides a benchmark of the production system prior to
implementing a source / method change or making the production system
dormant.
Lead time
Lead time is the time from the moment the customer places an order to the
moment it is received by the customer.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Lux
The lux is a unit of illumination and luminous emittance.
Manifest
Rolls-Royce plc employs a logistics provider to operate an inbound
collection service from an agreed selection of suppliers. Rolls-Royce
generate a parts list that tells the supplier and logistics provider which parts
and quantities by delivery location must be collected on a designated day
(this is a manifest).
Manufacturing Engineer –
Purchase (ME-P)
A Rolls-Royce employee within a Supply Chain Management Team with
responsibility for Supplier Quality & Manufacturing issues.
May
The term ‘may’ refers to a permissible practice or action. It does not
express a requirement.
Measurement
A set of operations used to determine the value of a quantity.
Measurement System Analysis
(MSA)
Measurement system analysis (MSA) is an experimental and mathematical
method of determining how much of and the nature of the variation within a
measurement process and how this contributes to overall process
variability; and the proportion of the tolerance consumed by the
measurement system.
For guidance refer to:
Measurement Systems Analysis (AIAG), ISBN 978-1-60-534082-1
ISO 14253-2 - Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -- Inspection by
measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 2: Guidance
for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of
measuring equipment and in product verification.
Metrological function
The metrological function has administrative and technical responsibility for
defining and implementing the measurement management system in
accordance with ISO10012.
Modification Bulletin
A Rolls-Royce document describing a type design change to an already
certified configuration standard of a gas turbine.
Monitor
An arrangement for observing, detecting, or recording the operation of a
process or system.
Monitoring / measuring
equipment
Monitoring / measuring equipment are the devices used to monitor and / or
measure a product or process and will use the same units of measurement
as stated on the product definition.
Must
The word ‘must’ refers to legislative or regulatory requirements and shall be
complied with.
Nadcap
A worldwide co-operative programme of major companies designed to
manage a cost effective consensus approach to special processes /
products and provide continuous improvement within the aerospace and
defence industries – see also Performance Review Institute (PRI)
http://www.pri-network.org/PRI/
NAS412
The purpose of NAS412 - Foreign Object Damage / Foreign Object Debris
(FOD) Prevention is to establish a standard for the military and commercial
industry to prevent foreign object damage (FOD) to aerospace products
being designed, developed, manufactured, assembled, operated, repaired,
modified, refurbished and/or maintained.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
National Aviation Authority
Definition
The National Aviation Authority is the government statutory authority in
each country that oversees the approval and regulation of civil aviation.
Approvals by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and / or the
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) are applicable for the supply of
product related to Rolls-Royce aerospace contracts / purchase orders.
Net-Inspect
Net-Inspect is a Global Supply Chain and Quality Management Portal for
online First Article inspection reporting.
New Product Introduction (NPI)
Refers to the introduction of a new product definition to the suppliers
business and manufacturing / production facilities.
Non-Aerospace contracts
Applicable for all non-aerospace products or services or for non-flight
aerospace products or services.
Nonconforming product
A product which does not conform to product requirements.
Nonconformity
Non-fulfilment of a requirement
Note
Information marked “NOTE” is for guidance in understanding or clarifying
the associated requirement. Where appropriate, the note will be identified in
the text with a note number.
Optometric examination
An optometric examination is conducted by an optometrist who is trained /
qualified to examine eyes, test sight and give advice on visual problems.
Organisation
A group of people and facilities with an orderly arrangement of
responsibilities, authorities and relationships (e.g., company, corporation,
firm, enterprise, institution, charity, sole trader, association, or parts or
combination thereof.).
Other-party certification
International Aerospace Quality Group (IAQG) oversight and improvement
initiatives related to the Industry Controlled Other Party (ICOP) Aviation,
Space and Defence Quality Management System (QMS) certification
scheme.
Overall Equipment
Effectiveness (OEE)
Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a set of metrics used to evaluate
and indicate how effectively a manufacturing operation is utilised.
OEE% = Availability × Quality × Performance
Part 21
Annex to the Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1702 / 2003 of September
th
24 2003 laying down implementing rules for the airworthiness and
environmental certification of aircraft and related products, parts and
appliances, as well as for the certification of design and production
organisations.
Part 145
Annex II to the Commission Regulation (EC) No. 2042 / 2003 of November
th
20 2003 on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical
products, parts and appliances, and the approval of organisations and
personnel involved in these tasks.
Policy
A policy is typically described as a principle or rule to guide decisions and
achieve rational outcome(s). The term is not normally used to denote ‘how’
it is actually done; this is normally referred to as a procedure. A policy will
contain the 'what' and the 'why'.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Purchasing / sub-contracting
Purchasing / sub-contracting is the activity related to the buying, acquisition
or procurement of products from a source that is external to the supplier’s
organisation and is related to a Rolls-Royce purchase order / contract.
Predictive maintenance
Activities based on process data aimed at the avoidance of maintenance
problems by prediction of likely failure modes.
Preventive maintenance
Planned action to eliminate causes of equipment failure and unscheduled
interruptions to production, as an output of the manufacturing / production
process design.
Primary packaging
Primary packaging is the first level of packaging applied to the product.
Procedure
A specified way to carry out an activity or a process. Procedures can be
documented or not. When a procedure is documented, the term
“documented procedure” will be used.
Process
Set of interrelated or interacting activities, which transforms inputs into
outputs.
Process audit
A process audit is a review of a specific process to verify process
effectiveness / efficiency and / or compliance to requirements. The process
audit also reviews the sequence and interaction of processes including the
process inputs, outputs, controls and resources by “walking the process”.
Process capability
Variable Data – For variable data, process capability is a measurable
property of a process to the specification, expressed as a process
capability index (e.g., Cpk).
Attribute Data – For attribute data, the focus will be on calculating defects
per unit (DPU), defects per million opportunities (DPMO), and the process
sigma level.
Process capability study
A study undertaken to statistically define the distribution of output from a
process under normal operating conditions.
Process characteristics
Process characteristics are process variables (input variables) that have a
cause and effect relationship with the identified product characteristics. A
process characteristic can only be measured at the time it occurs.
Process Failure Mode and
Effect Analysis (PFMEA)
A Process Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (PFMEA) is a systematic
group of activities intended to recognise and evaluate the potential failure of
a process and the effects of that failure and to identify actions that could
eliminate or reduce the chance of the potential failure occurring.
Process flow diagram
A process flow diagram (or process flow chart) is a graphical or symbolic
representation of a process. Each step in the process is represented by
symbols and contains a short description of the process step. The flow
chart symbols are linked together with arrows showing the process flow
direction.
Process input variables
Process input variables are process inputs that have a significant impact on
the variation found in a key process output variable. That is, if the key
process input variables were controlled, the process would produce
predictable and consistent results.
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Process output variable
Process output variables are attributes or features of a product or
manufacturing / production process parameter whose variation can affect
fit, form, function, performance, service life, manufacturability, assembly or
subsequent processing of the product.
Process parameter
A measurable factor that determines the range of variation in a process.
Process yield
Process yield is the number of products produced by a process (output)
divided by the number of products going into that process (input) over a
specified period of time. Only conforming products with no rework are
counted as an output of an individual process.
Product
A product is the result (or output) of a process. These may be categorised
as services, software, hardware, processed materials or a combination
thereof.
Product audit
A product audit verifies that the product conforms to requirements.
Product characteristics
Product characteristics are features or properties of a product, component
or assembly that are described in the product definition.
Product definition
Product Definition is the engineering drawing / specification, which fully
defines the product, part, component or assembly. Also includes physical or
electronic drawings, electronic models or other associated information that
defines the final product.
Product Introduction (PI)
Refers to the introduction of an existing product definition that is new to the
suppliers business and manufacturing / production facilities.
Product verification
Product verification is the confirmation through the provision of objective
evidence that the monitoring and measurement of product characteristics
has verified that the product meets defined requirements.
Production
The processes and methods used to transform inputs into outputs using
resources to provide a product or service.
Production method
A set of documents (product definitions, process and verification
instructions and other technical material) required to produce a product that
fully meets the product definition.
Production permit (also known
as waiver)
See deviation permit.
PPAP
PPAP or Production Product Approval Process is used to establish
confidence in suppliers and their production processes, by demonstrating
that all customer engineering design record and specification requirements
are properly understood by the supplier and that the process has the
potential to produce product consistently meeting these requirements
during an actual production run at the quoted production rate.
Production Product Approval
(PPA file)
A Production Product Approval (PPA) file contains data related to the
applicable Production Product Approval Process submission level for each
product or product group.
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Production run
The first group of one or more parts that are the result of a planned process
designed to be used for future production of these same parts. Prototype
parts, or parts built using methods different from that intended for the
normal production process, shall not be considered as part of the first
production run.
Programme
A planned sequence of events or procedures related to a single project or
several related projects.
Project
Planned set of interrelated tasks to be conducted over a fixed period within
defined restraints (e.g., cost and other defined limitations).
Purchaser
Person or organisation placing an order or contract to buy a product.
Purchasing
Purchasing (or subcontracting) is the activity related to the buying,
acquisition or procurement of materials, products or services, from a source
that is external to the organisation.
Purchasing contact
Person placing an order or contract to buy a product.
Purchase order
A purchase order is a buyer’s written contractual agreement with a supplier
of goods or services that specifies information such as payment terms,
delivery dates, item identification, quantities, shipping terms and all other
obligations and conditions.
Purchase order cascade
The purchase order information flow of from a sub-contractor / sub-tier
supplier via the first-tier supplier and onto Rolls-Royce.
Quality
The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils requirements.
Quality plan
A controlled document (generated by the supplier and / or Rolls-Royce)
which specifies processes, procedures and associated resources to be
applied by whom / when to a specific project, product, process or contract.
Usually generated as a project, product, or contractual specific document
(see ISO10005).
Raw material
A material that will be used to create a product but has not been
transformed by a production process into a product (e.g., bar, billet, sheet,
tube, plate etc).
Raw material manufacturer
The source in the supply chain responsible for the original manufacture of
the raw material product.
Reaction plan
A reaction plan ensures that processes that cease to be in control and / or
capable resume normal product verification / inspection until the cause has
been identified, corrected and process capability and control are reestablished.
Requirement
A need or expectation that is stated, generally implied or obligatory.
Record
A record is a document stating results achieved or providing evidence of
activities performed.
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Reduced inspection
Definition
Reduced inspection is split into two categories, as follows:
Reduced inspection of variables – The inspection of a sample of identical
product characteristics taken from every product within a batch, from which
the conformity of the remaining identical product characteristics within the
batch is derived.
Reduced inspection of formed characteristics – The control method
related to the inspection and control of a form tool and a sample of the
product characteristic produced by the form tool which is used to verify the
conformity of the remaining identical product characteristics of the entire
batch.
The term “reduced inspection” is NOT to be associated with any references
stated within any international / national standard (e.g., Acceptance Quality
Limit (AQL), normal, reduced, tightened inspection etc).
Region (Rolls-Royce)
A region describes the geographic location of a Rolls-Royce facility such as
R-R Plc (UK), R-R Deutschland, R-R Corporation (USA), R-R Canada etc.
Release document
A formal serialised document that accompanies each delivery of a product
and clearly indicates the release status of such items together with their
compliance to the relevant purchase order, associated technical
specifications and / or regulatory requirements – as applicable.
Repair
Repeatability
Action taken on a nonconforming product to make it acceptable for the
intended use. Includes remedial action taken on a previously conforming
product to restore it for use, for example as part of maintenance.
Repeatability (Gauge R&R) is a measure of the ability of the system to give
the same result when measuring the same feature multiple times using the
same elements of the system, for example operator, environment, fixture
etc.
A repeatability study attempts to measure the variation in the measurement
equipment only, when this is used to measure the same feature multiple
times.
Reproducibility
Reproducibility (Gauge R&R) is a measure of how the different elements of
a system affect variation. This can be anything: people, fixtures, location,
time of day, light levels, temperature etc.
Reproducibility tries to establish whether any of the individual elements of
the measurement system have any effect on the overall variation and, if so,
how big this effect is.
Rework
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
Where a product has completed a production activity and is subsequently
shown to be nonconforming, the corrective action taken on the
nonconforming product to make it conform to the specified requirements
using a sequence of defined / approved operations can be regarded as
rework.
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Right First Time (RFT)
Definition
Right First Time (RFT) is a measure of how successful your organisation is
at meeting requirements related to a product or product feature first time,
without resulting in the need for rework, concessions or scrap. RFT also
provides your organisation with the ability to detect process change and
enable continual improvements within a data driven environment.

RFT calculation:
Risk management
A risk is an uncertainty which, if it occurs, will have an effect upon the
continuity of supply of product to Rolls-Royce (see ISO31000 for guidance).
Risk assessment (or
evaluation)
The process of analysing and evaluating hazards; it involves both casual
and consequence analysis requiring determination of probability and risk.
Rolls-Royce approved supplier
A supplier holding a formal letter / certificate of approval issued by RollsRoyce.
Rough machining
A machining activity that is used to remove excess material from the
product but will not achieve the final product dimensions.
Sample Inspection
Sample inspection is the inspection of a sample of products taken from a
batch from which the product conformity of the entire batch is derived.
Scorecard
A scorecard is the means by which a supplier’s transactional performance
such as quality, cost and delivery is captured and then measured by RollsRoyce.
Secondary packaging
Secondary packaging is used to contain one or more primary packaged
products.
Sector (Rolls-Royce)
A sector is a specific division of Rolls-Royce such as Aerospace, Gas
Turbine Services, Nuclear, Energy, Marine, Global Indirect etc.
Serviceable
A product that is fit for purpose, capable and ready to perform its intended
function (usually after being overhauled and/or repaired, and calibrated and
tested).
Service provider
A supplier who makes available stocks of designated parts within RollsRoyce to specified levels for release to production as required.
Shall
The word ‘shall’ refers to a mandatory requirement.
Shelf life
Product(s) in stock which have a defined timescale after which it becomes
unusable (e.g., an expiry date) is said to have a shelf life.
Should
The word ‘should’ refers to a preferred approach on implementing a
capability that is expected to be followed. Any other approach to satisfy a
‘should’ needs to be able to demonstrate that the approach meets the intent
of the expectation.
Supplier Quality Engineer
(SQE)
A Rolls-Royce employee within a Supply Chain Management Team coordinating any product quality issues (e.g., non-conformances).
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Source
Any organisation providing products or services (including material)
engaged in any or all of the manufacturing / production sequence of a part including any assembly fitting processes and build inspection techniques.
Source change (control of
work transfers)
A source change (control of work transfers) is used to control and verify
that the product conforms to requirements during and after a temporary or
permanent transfer of work.
Source Demonstrated Repair
Source Demonstrated Repair is a source and method controlled repair
which requires source capability demonstration and engineering approval of
the supplier’s fixed process(es) and has demonstrated their ability to
perform the repair satisfactorily.
Source inspection
Inspection that is performed by a Rolls-Royce representative at the
manufacturing / production source of the supplied product.
Stable process
A process can be said to be operating in a state of statistical stability, or be
‘in control’, if the following conditions are not observed in the plot point
patterns on any of the control charts for the process:

One or more points falls outside the upper or lower control limits on
the chart,

Eight or more consecutive points fall on either side of the mean
average of the measured values.
Standard catalogue hardware
Standard catalogue hardware is any item purchased from a catalogue
available to the public or a part or material that conforms to an established
industry or national authority published specification, having all
characteristics identified by text description, national / military standard
drawing, or catalogue item.
Statistical methods
Statistical methods include tools such as histograms, run charts, control
charts, scatter diagrams, bar charts, rank order diagrams (Pareto), etc that
can be applied (where practical) to monitor process performance.
Statistical Process Control
(SPC)
Statistical Process Control (SPC) is the application of statistical methods to
the monitoring and control of a process to ensure that it operates at its full
potential to produce conforming product.
Stockist
A retailer or distributor of goods (e.g., raw material, products). Activities
include the purchase, storage and sale of goods in a manner that conforms
to requirements.
Sub-contractor
Under Aerospace rules, a supply source which does not hold a Production
Organisation Approval (POA) by a National Aviation Authority is considered
as a sub-contractor under the direct control of the POA holder’s quality
management system. The POA holder retains the final responsibility for the
work carried out within the sub-contractor’s facilities. Sub-contractors can
provide Certificates of Conformity only.
Submission level (SL)
A submission level (SL) identifies the information to be submitted to the
customer during the Production Product Approval Process (PPAP).
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Sub-tier supplier
st
Definition
Suppliers not working under a direct purchase order from Rolls-Royce but
performing work on Rolls-Royce products at a lower level in the supply
chain (via purchase order cascade).
st
1 Tier supplier
A supplier working under a direct purchase order from Rolls-Royce. A 1
tier supplier may control further sub-tier suppliers in accordance with
SABRe requirements.
Supplier
A supplier is any organisation (or person) providing a product or service
that is linked to the Purchaser by a Contract / Purchase Order (e.g.,
producer, distributor, retailer or vendor of a product, or provider of a service
or information).
Supplier PPAP Coordinator
A responsible person identified by the supplier’s organisation to be
responsible (solely or as part of their role responsibilities) for ensuring that
all necessary activities are identified, implemented and monitored to satisfy
the Production Product Approval Process (PPAP).
Technical authority
A person authorised to provide specialised technical expertise (e.g., design
engineer, manufacturing engineer).
Tertiary packaging
Tertiary packaging is the outermost level of packaging.
Third-party certification
Third-party certification involves an independent assessment declaring that
specified requirements pertaining to a product, person, process or
management system have been met.
Traceability
The ability to trace the history, application or location of that which is under
consideration.
Translation service
A translation provided by a competent translator to ensure that technical,
regulatory or legal documents are assigned to a translator with this area of
expertise resulting in an accurate translation of the original document.
Top management
Person or group of people who directs and controls an organisation at the
highest level.
TS16949
TS16949 is a technical specification (based on ISO9001) detailing quality
management system requirements for automotive production and relevant
service part organisations.
Unclassified product
Products / parts with no classification and are therefore designated neither
critical nor sensitive.
Unserviceable product
A product that is not suitable for use but may be capable of restoration for
further use via an approved repair technique.
Validation
Activities performed to demonstrate that a product is capable of meeting
the requirements for the specified application or intended use (where
known). This may include certification activities, as / where applicable.
Variation
The change in the output or result of a system (process).
Variation management
Variation management is performed to drive the improvement of production
processes through adequate planning and effective management of Key
Characteristic (KC) and Conformance Control Feature (CCF) variation - see
also AS/EN/SJAC 9103 - Variation management of key characteristics
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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SABRe Definitions
Word / Subject
Definition
Verification
Confirmation through the provision of objective evidence that specified
requirements have been fulfilled.
Visual acuity
Visual acuity is acuteness or sharpness of vision which can be determined
by an ability to define certain letters and can be tested for both distance
and near vision.

Distance - 6/9 in at least one eye.

Near – N5 (Curpax) or J2 (Jaeger) or equivalent in at least one eye.
Waiver
A waiver is a type of concession raised in advance of manufacture.
Will
The word ‘will’ refers to an intention in connection with a requirement.
Witness (by the customer)
An event that allows the right of access for Rolls-Royce representatives,
their customer and regulatory authorities to perform an assessment,
inspection, surveillance or other investigative activities at the supplier’s
manufacturing / production facility (including any level of the supply chain
involved in the purchase order / contract).
Work instruction
Work instructions (sometimes known as standard operating procedures)
can include process flow charts, production documents (e.g., manufacturing
plans, travellers, routers, work orders, job cards, process cards) and
inspection documents.
Wrought
Worked, shaped or formed ingot.
© Rolls-Royce plc 2014
The information in this document is the property of
Rolls-Royce plc and may not be copied,
communicated to a third party, or used for any
purpose other than that for which it is supplied,
without the express written consent of Rolls-Royce
plc.
While the information is given in good faith based
upon the latest information available to Rolls-Royce
plc, no warranty or representation is given concerning
such information, which must not be taken as
establishing any contractual or other commitment
binding upon Rolls-Royce plc or any of its subsidiary
or associated companies.
 Rolls-Royce plc 2014
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Last updated: 14 April 2014