BSC 2094L
Blood Lab
Prelab Questions: These must be completed before coming to lab
1. Which formed elements (blood cells) are biconcave?
2.
The proper name for WBC’s is _________________________.
3.
What is a differential?
4.
What WBC’s are responsible for immunity?
5.
How many WBC’s in a cubic millimeter of blood?
6.
What is an hematocrit?
7.
What is a phagocyte?
8.
What is plasma?
9.
What formed elements are anti-inflammatory?
10. What determines blood type?
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Laboratory Exercises
The objective of this lab is to learn the characteristics of blood from:
A. A short lecture on blood. See figure 19.1, page 668 in your text.
B. Use of stained microscope slides of blood smears to identify formed elements.
C. Illustrations from your text and lab charts.
D. Blood typing procedure using artificial blood.
Exercises:
1. Identify the following formed elements on the provided microscope slides. You must use
oil immersion to see these in enough detail. You may have to study several slides to find all
of these formed elements. If you have never learned how to use oil immersion, your
instructor will show you how. In addition to the text references and figures for each
individual formed element listed below, use table 19.3, page 680 in your text.
• Erythrocytes (RBC's) - page 672-676, figure 19.4, and table 19.3 in your text. Identify
RBC's on a slide, and know their function, size, shape, composition, and
numbers per microliter (cubic millimeter).
•Leukocytes (WBC's) - pages 676-678, figure 19.7 and table 19.3 in your text. Also,
use plastic chart provided in lab and refer to table on next page. Identify all five types of
WBC's on a slide, and know their functions, and differentials. Look-up the definition of
differential in your text. Also, know the range for the numbers of WBC's per microliter
(whole count).
WBC's with granules in their cytoplasm, are classified as granulocytes, and those with no
granules are classified as agranulocytes.
•granulocytes = granular leukocytes
•neutrophils
•eosinophils
•basophils
•agranulocytes = agranular leukocytes
•lymphocytes
•monocytes
•Platelets - pages 679 in your text, and table 19.3 in your text.
Identify platelets on a slide, and know their function, and their numbers
per microliter.
2.
Define the term hematocrit (packed cell volume) is describe its use.
3. Use the WARD'S Simulated ABO and Rh blood typing kit to do blood typing and to gain an
understanding of blood types. Your lab instructor will cover the details of this procedure.
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4.
WBC Table: a brief summary of WBC structure and function
WBC
Neutrophils
(polymorphonucleo
cyte) (PMN)
Lymphocytes (Bcells and T-cells)
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Slide
Appearance
Lavender cytoplasm with
light granulation.
Nucleus segmented into
several parts in adult
cells.
Small nearly round cells
with a relatively large
spherical nucleus and a
thin rim of light blue
cytoplasm.
Functions
Primary phagocytes (engulfs
pathogens such as bacteria or
debris in tissues). Release toxic
chemicals that also kill
pathogens.
Provide for specific defense
against pathogens and toxins.
This is called immunity.
Large variably shaped
cells with an abundant
bluish cytoplasm and a
prominent kidney shaped
or oval nucleus.
Round cell usually with a
bilobed nucleus and
numerous red to orange
granules.
Powerful phagocytes. Quickly
enter tissues to become
macrophages. Spend only a
couple of days in the blood.
Small round cell usually
with a bilobed nucleus
and numerous dark
granules.
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Remove antigen-antibody
complexes from tissues by
phagocytosis. Attack large
parasites such as worms. Help
reduce inflammation.
Promote inflammation in tissues
by releasing such chemicals as
histamine.
Blood Lab Focus Questions
1.
What WBC has a bilobed nucleus and brick red to crimson granules?
______________________.
2.
Name the WBC that has dark purple granules. ________________________
3.
Name the WBC with a spherical to slightly indented nucleus that fills most of the cell.
4. List the WBC differentials from the highest to the lowest.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
5. Which WBC is referred to as segmented? _______________________________
6. What are the most numerous formed elements? _________________________________
7. WBC’s with kidney shaped or horseshoe shaped nuclei are ___________________________.
8. What is a CBC? ____________________________________________________________
9. Clumping of blood is also called ____________________________________.
10. If blood clumps only in the anti-Rh space, the blood type is _______________________.
11. Formed elements that initiate clotting are _______________________________.
12. Compatible blood types.
Give the blood type or blood types that the following blood types donate to or receive from.
(A) O -
can donate to ______________________________________________________
can receive from ___________________________________________________
(B) AB+
can donate to ______________________________________________________
can receive from ___________________________________________________
(C) B-
can donate to ________________________________________________________
can receive form _____________________________________________________
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(D) A+
can donate to ________________________________________________________
can receive from _____________________________________________________
(E) O+
can donate to ________________________________________________________
can receive from _____________________________________________________
Matching
___13. iron
(A) monocyte
___14. polycythemia
(B) antibiotic proteins
___15. leukocytosis
(C) low platelet count
___16. anemia
(D) percent various WBC’s
___17. defensins
(E) become granulocytes
___18. macrophage
(F) become RBC’s
___19. immunity
(G) high RBC count
___20. leukopenia
(H) albumins
___21. differential
(I) basophils
___22. erythropoiesis
(J) Percentage of RBC’s in a volume of blood
___23. thrombocytopenia
(K) lymphocytes
___24. hematocrit
(L) eosinophils
___25. coagulation
(M) low RBC count
___26. reticulocytes
(N) RBC formation
___27. myeloblasts
(O) binds oxygen
___28. inflammatory
(P) clotting
___29. anti-inflammatory
(Q) low white count
___30. plasma proteins
(R) high white count
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