Unit Objectives
• Unit Two: Development & Globalization
• Students gain an understanding of the definitions of and differences
in less economically developed countries and more economically
developed countries in terms of their stages of development.
• The varying ways of measuring development will be explored. A
variety of strategies to promote sustainable development through a
focus on aid and trade and globalization.
• Students will also gain an appreciation of the process of globalization,
its trends and impacts. Research, presentation, ICT and group work
skills will be used in this topic.
Weekly Lesson Objectives
• Discuss the definition of development
• Identify where developed and developing countries are in the
world
• Examine different ways of measuring development (GDP, GNP,
HDI, PPP)
• Begin to work on a Choropleth map of the world distribution of
wealth between developed and developing countries
• Familiarize yourself with various indicators of development
• Watch videos and learn about development in Asia
Questions geographers ask about
Development
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How do we define development?
How do we measure development?
What are the limitations of these measurements?
Why are countries at different levels of development?
What are the causes of and solutions to poverty?
How do we implement sustainable development?
What are the impacts of trade and aid as development
strategies?
Unit 2: Development &
Globalization
Globalization
• Globalization (or globalisation) describes an
ongoing process by which regional economies,
societies, and cultures have become
integrated through a globe-spanning network
of communication and trade. (Princeton,
2010)
This Weeks Essential Questions:
• What is Development?
• What are the main indicators and what are
their strengths and limitations?
• How can indicators be used and how accurate
/ informative are they?
Attributes of Development and
Underdevelopment
Activity: As we go through the
images lets discuss how they relate
to development
•What are these images showing?
•What country do you think they are in?
•How is this image connected to the topic of development?
What do we mean by development?
• Activity: On a post it note - write down what
you think development means and stick it on
the board
• http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8465901
.stm
• China development
What do we mean by development?
• Most people agree development is a positive
thing, leading to improvement or growth
• It implies the realization of potential
• Implies the advancement through successive
stages
How do we define development?
• ‘The level of economic growth of a country or
region and the process of change taking place
within it’ (New Wider World)
• But there are many possible definitions
• Evaluate: Strengths & Limitations
->What are the strengths and limitations of this
definition of development?
The worlds major economic groupings
Standard of living
Definition
Economy
Development
Quality of life
Three aspects of a developed country
Aspects of a developed country:
• What do you think are the aspects of a
developed country?
• Activity: Discuss in pairs and come up with
and jot down some ideas
Aspects of a developed country:
• High standard of living (people have a high overall quality
of life - the income, environment and leisure
• High level of Education (literacy/ % children in school)
• Strong Government institutions
• Stable Political Structure –Democracies
• Well developed infrastructure
• Conservation of environment, sustainability
• Economic wealth/ High GDP –growth in the economy
• Industry focused on developing products with high value
• High life expectancy, well developed health care system
Some Terms…
• Standard of living: The overall quality of life
(level of enjoyment) of people (income,
environment, leisure)
• Economy: The social system of production,
exchange, distribution, and consumption of
goods and services of a country or other area
The main global economic groupings:
•
MEDC/LEDC
•
1st World, 2nd World, 3rd World (outdated terminology)
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The development pathway - a continuum from primitive to more advanced stages:
->LLEDC (Ethiopia, Nepal)
->LEDC (Bangladesh, Morocco, Kenya)
->FCCs (Russia, Hungary)
->OPECs (Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Nigeria)
->NICs (Thailand, Chile, Brazil, Mexico, Philippines, China)
->MEDCs (UK, USA)
-> BEM (China, Brazil, India)
NIC= newly industrializing country
LLDC= least less economically developed country
FCC = former communist country
OPEC = Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
BEM= Big Emerging Markets
Developed and Developing Countries
Atlas Task – LEDCs & MEDCs
• 1) On the blank world map – locate & label 5
developed countries and 5 developing countries and
note down their GDP per capita (p.2-3 & p.34 for
GDP) or search for ‘list of countries GDP per capita’
in google
• 2) Once you have done that, draw a horizontal
dividing line between the developed and developing
countries (in pencil), what do you notice?
• 3) After that – on a continuum of 1 to 200 plot your
place your countries on that continuum
• 4) Think of reasons why you have put the country
where you have on the continuum
1 least developed
200 most developed
Could you draw a line between the developed and
developing world?
‘the north south divide’
The Brandt Line
Activity: on the back of your map write a paragraph explaining what the north
south divide is
The North-South Divide: ‘The Brandt Line’
• Geographers sometimes talk about the “Economically more
developed North” and the “Economically less developed South”.
• This is an idea put forward by the Brandt Commission on
international development issues in the late 1970s to emphasize the
striking inequality and differences in development between the
richer northern countries and the poorer, mostly southern countries.
• Note that the North-South Divide does not follow the equator, nor
are all the rich countries in the north. Check where South Korea,
Singapore, Australia and New Zealand fall in relation to this imaginary
line.
Questions to check your understanding- Development
1) Give a definition of development?
2) What are the strengths and limitations of the new wider
world definition of development?
3) Is development always a positive thing? give some
evidence to support your answer
4) Identify and explain four characteristics of a developed
country.
5) Give the full names of four of the worlds economic
groupings, and also give examples of countries from each
one.
6) Where are most of the developed countries in the world
located? Give a possible reason why this pattern exists.
7) Explain what the Brandt Line is, and when it was
developed.
8) What countries are exceptions to the Brandt line?
Quick Quiz – in pairs – answer these questions as quick as you can!