Study guide

Name———————————————————————— Lesson
4.4
Date —————————————
Study Guide
For use with the lesson “Prove Triangles Congruent by SSS”
goal
Use the side lengths to prove triangles are congruent.
Vocabulary
Postulate 19 Side-Side-Side (SSS) Congruence Postulate: If three
sides of one triangle are congruent to three sides of a second triangle,
then the two triangles are congruent.
example 1
Use the SSS Congruence Postulate
J
Prove that nJKL > nMLN.
M
Solution
The marks on the diagram show that
} } } }
} }
JK​
​  , KL​
​  > LN​
​ ,  and JL​
​  > MN​
​  .
​  > ML​
K
L
N
So, by the SSS Congruence Postulate, n JKL > n MLN.
Exercises for Example 1
1. n ABD > n CDB
2. n XWY > n WZY
B
X
Z
6
W
C
A
9
D
9
4
Y
3. n RST > n VUT
6
4. n FGH > n JHG
S
R
G
J
T
F
V
5. n PQR > n RTS
H
U
6. n JKL > n MPN
Q
P
K
6
T
J
S
V
R
Lesson 4.4
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Decide whether the congruence statement is true. Explain your
reasoning.
4
1
M
L
2
5
N
4
P
Geometry
Chapter Resource Book
4-53
Name———————————————————————— Lesson
4.4
Date —————————————
Study Guide continued
For use with the lesson “Prove Triangles Congruent by SSS”
example 2
Congruent triangles in a coordinate plane
Use the SSS Congruence Postulate to show that nABC > nCDE.
y
A(24, 2)
E(1, 3)
D(4, 1)
2
x
1
C(21, 0)
B(23, 23)
Solution
Use the Distance Formula to show that corresponding sides are the same length.
}}}
2
AB 5 Ï
​ (23 2 (24))   
1 (23 2 2)2 ​
}
5Ï
​ 12 1 (25)2 ​ 
5Ï
​ 26 ​ 
}
}}
CD 5 ​Ï (4 2 (21))2 1 (1
  
2 0)2 ​
}
5 ​Ï 52 1 12 ​ 
}
5 ​Ï 26 ​ 
} }
So, AB 5 CD, and hence AB​
​  > CD​
​  .
}
5Ï
​ 22 1 32 ​ 
5Ï
​ 13 ​ 
}
}}
DE 5 ​Ï (1 2 4)2 1 (3  
2 1)2 ​
}
5 ​Ï (23)2 1 22 ​ 
}
5 ​Ï 13 ​ 
} }
So, BC 5 DE, and hence BC​
​  > DE​
​  .
}}}
CA 5 ​Ï (24 2 (21))2 1   
(2 2 0)2 ​
}}
EC 5 ​Ï (21 2 1)2 1 (0  
2 3)2 ​
}}
}
2
5 ​Ï (22)2 1 (23)
   ​
}
5 ​Ï 13 ​ 
5Ï
​ (23)2 1 22 ​ 
5Ï
​ 13 ​ 
}
} }
So, CA 5 EC, and hence CA​
​  > EC​
​  .
So, by the SSS Congruence Postulate, you know that n ABC > n CDE.
Exercise for Example 2
7. Prove that n ABC > n DEF.
y
Lesson 4.4
F(0, 3)
B(22, 0)
1
1 E(2, 0)
A(24, 21)
4-54
D(4, 1)
Geometry
Chapter Resource Book
C(0, 23)
x
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
}}}
2
BC 5 ​Ï (21 2 (23))   
1 (0 2 (23))2 ​
answers
Teaching Guide
1. Sample answer: Two triangles support each
horizontal pole. This helps the vertical pole and
the horizontal pole to remain perpendicular.
2. Sample answer: The roof is stable because it is
triangular; that is, it is less likely to cave in. Also,
the two vertical boards in the internal
structure of the roof create more triangles, which
make the roof even more stable.
3. Sample answer: The two triangles formed at
the base of the basketball hoop stand help the pole
remain vertical and help the base be more stable
on the ground.
4. Sample answer: The two triangles in the structure of the bridgework add rigidity to the overall
trapezoidal shape, which is not rigid by itself.
Practice Level A
1. neither 2. corresponding angles
3. corresponding sides 4. neither
5. false; n IHJ ù n KHJ 6. true; SSS
7. false; n ACE ù n BFD 8. true; SSS
9. Stable; the figure forms triangles of fixed side
lengths which cannot change shape by the SSS
Congruence Postulate. 10. Not stable; there are
many possible shapes for a four-sided figure with
the given side lengths. 11. congruent
12. not congruent 13. yes; the corresponding
sides are congruent. 14. no; the corresponding
sides are not congruent. 15. The second gate door
has a diagonal support that forms two triangles
with fixed sides, and these triangles cannot change
shape by the SSS Congruence Postulate.
Practice Level B
1. true; SSS 2. true; SSS 3. true; SSS
4. congruent 5. not congruent
6. not congruent 7. congruent 8. Stable; the
figure forms triangles of fixed side lengths which
cannot change shape by the SSS Congruence
Postulate. 9. Not stable; there are many possible
shapes for a four-sided figure with the given side
lengths. 10. Stable; the figure forms triangles
of fixed side lengths which cannot change shape
by the SSS Congruence Postulate. 11. Yes; the
corresponding sides are congruent.
A50
12. No; the corresponding sides are not
congruent. 13. Given; Given; Reflexive Property
of Congruence; SSS Congruence Postulate
14. Given; Given; Definition of midpoint; Reflexive
Property of Congruence; SSS Congruence Postulate
15. The second picture frame is stable because
the brace and the sides form triangles of fixed side
lengths which cannot change shape by the SSS
Congruence Postulate.
Practice Level C
1. true; SSS 2. true; SSS 3. true; SSS
4. congruent 5. congruent 6. not congruent
7. not congruent 8. Stable; the figure forms
triangles of fixed side lengths which cannot
change shape by the SSS Congruence Postulate.
9. Not stable; there are many possible shapes for
a four-sided figure with the given side lengths.
10. The triangle vertices do not correspond.
Sample answer: n JHI ù n IKJ
} } } } } }
11. ​HI​ ù JK​
​  ; IJ​
​  ù KH​
​  ; HJ​
​  ù HJ​
​  ;
} }
​ ;  Z is the midpoint
n HIJ ù n JKH 12. ​WX​ ù YX​
} } } } }
​  
​ù YZ​
​ ;  XZ​
​  ù XZ​
​  ; n WXZ ù n YXZ
of ​WY​ ; WZ
13. x 5 3; Setting 2x 1 3 5 7x 2 12 and
2x 1 14 5 6x 2 7 yields x 5 3 in both equations.
Study Guide
1. Yes, the corresponding triangle sides are
} } } }
​  À ZY​
​  , XY​
​  À WY​
​  
congruent 2. No; WY​
3. Yes, the corresponding triangle sides are
congruent 4. Yes, the corresponding triangle sides
are congruent 5. Yes, the corresponding triangle
} } } }
6. No; JK​
​  À MP​
​ , JL​
​  À MN​
​ }
 
sides are congruent
}
} }
7. AB 5 DE 5 Ï
​ 5 ​ so AB​
​  > DE​
​ } ;  BC 5 EF 5 Ï
​ 13 ​ 
} }
} }
​ ;  CA 5 FD 5 2​Ï5 ​ so CA​
​  > FD​
​ ;  By
so BC​
​  > EF​
the SSS Congruence Postulate, n ABC > n DEF.
Real-Life Application
1. a. ∠ ADB b. ∠ CBA c. ∠ CDB d. ∠ ABD
2. a.
Statements
1. ABCD is a square.
} }
​  
2. ​AB​ > CD​
} }
​  
​AD​ > CB​
} }
​  
3. ​BD​ > DB​
4. n ABD > nCDB
Reasons
1. Given
2. Def. of a square
3. Reflexive Property
4. SSS Congruence
Postulate
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Lesson 4.4 Prove Triangles
Congruent by SSS
Geometry
Chapter Resource Book
CS10_CC_G_MECR710761_C4AK.indd 50
4/28/11 6:14:08 PM